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Legados de políticas públicas de atenção integral à primeira infância: comparação entre os programas Primeira Infância Melhor (PIM, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil) e De Cero a Siempre (Colômbia)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Villamil, Oscar Antonio Holguín; Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1826822926665869
The study is part of education and public policies of children fields, highlighting theme of integral early childhood care programs (IECP), as a right established between zero and six years ages. Currently, the child is recognized as a rights subject, to give children greater visibility in society, backed by legal devices of international scope. On the other hand, the theoretical discourses and reality of thousands of children around the world have revealed the need for an education aimed at the formation of the movement as a principle of the biopsychosocial development of children, which in turn guarantees the state of pedagogical movement of teachers at level of early childhood education. The study objective was to analyze the characteristics of Primeira Infancia Melhor (PIM) and De Cero a Siempreprograms in RS and in Colombia respectively, and how these programs have been made to constitute meaningful experiences of public policy practices that be demonstrate quality institutional practices. The research, was developed in reference to bibliographic studies and with epistemic construct of qualitative approach, had as a theoretical-methodological contribution of content analysis theory and documentary corpus uses as a tool methodological for data collection of lexical analysis of texts, which were subsequently subjected for categories triangulation through of analysis and groundedtheory implementation. Based on the analyses developed, a theoretical basis and a bank of actions were found in programs documentary corpus representing the commitment of IECP professionals and technical management teams about brazilian and colombian children future, as an issue marked by the policy possibilities condition, which is associated with social and economic development models that in the manner of comprehensive care options link the process of early childhood education, as an act of educational quality and that means preparation of future learning. Thus, the identification of specific actions of policy management practices as social representations of accountability on integral child care processes, the rights perspective and quality childhood education, are patterns that promote, citizen participation and prepares children in the exercise of citizenship, subjectivity and status as subjects of rights that as protagonists of movement in physical and cognitive development in the institutionality spaces, must be accompanied by the pedagogical processes and teachers movement of committed for legitimate exercise of children's rights and are together the spaces to exercise citizenship of children.
Niobium-based oxides for oxidative and reductive photocatalytic reactions
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Oliveira, Jéssica Ariane de; ; Nogueira, Francisco Guilherme Esteves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8117497993539795; Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6167735734348703; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4765767150921439
It is growing the number of studies related to alternative technologies allowing both, environmental remediation and clean energy production. In this sense, photocatalysis is a promising process, since it is sustainable and operated under ambient conditions. Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) is one of the most promising semiconductors for photocatalytic reactions due to its chemical and physical stability, non-toxicity, versatility, and excellent photoactivity. Considering that (i) photocatalysis is an emerging research field, mainly for energy storage in chemical bonds, and (ii) Brazil has the world`s largest niobium reserves; it is of paramount importance the improvement of niobium properties in order to obtain a valuable product. Thus, the main objective of this thesis is developing strategies to (i) increase the absorption spectrum of Nb2O5 for the visible region, since it is activated only by ultraviolet illumination, and (ii) decrease the recombination rate of the photogenerated charges because it is a factor that directly influences the photocatalytic efficiency. Doping is a suitable option to decrease the band gap of semiconductors because the doping atoms create impurity levels (IL) between the VB and CB, leading to radiations with lower energy to promote an electron from the VB to the IL than from the VB to the CB. Then, the material initially excited only under ultraviolet radiation, can also become active under visible light. In this sense, zinc was chosen as dopant due to its abundance, low-cost, and ionic radius and electronegativity similar to that of Nb5+ that leads to an effective insertion into the Nb2O5 crystalline structure. The synthesized samples showed remarkable activities in the photooxidation of rhodamine B and caffeic acid, under visible radiation, even after consecutive cycles. The results have been correlated to the low concentrations of zinc (0.1 and 0.2 mol%) that were enough to ensure that all particles had at least one doping atom for decreasing the electron excitation energy, but, at same time, the impurities were not in excess to guarantee that the dopants were not acting as recombination centers. Another modification is the formation of a Z-scheme between Nb2O5 and basic bismuth nitrates (BBN). BBN are easily synthesized and have been identified as promising photocatalysts, but their properties in reduction reactions has not been explored yet. The nanocomposites exhibited notable photoresponse for the selective conversion of CO2 to CO and C2H4, mainly due to the band edge positions of the isolated semiconductors that led to a special separation of the photogenerated charges, consequently, molecules were oxidized on the Nb2O5 VB, while CO2 was reduced on the BBN CB. Considering that low-cost materials (Zn and BBN) have been successfully employed to modify Nb2O5 by hydrothermal treatment, a simple method to obtain semiconductors at low temperature, and based on the photocatalytic properties of the as-synthetized photocatalysts, it can be concluded that the Nb2O5-based materials developed in this work have potential to be used for large scale in applications for both, reductive and oxidative reactions.
Starteca: participação ativa da biblioteca universitária na constituição da universidade empreendedora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Cassiavilani, Camila; Amaral, Roniberto Morato do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6958372164719600; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3521162513295003
The advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have caused changes in all segments of society and have required new forms of action from organizations. In the educational field, universities have also undergone profound changes over time. Since university libraries are units linked to higher-educational institutions, and whose mission must be aligned with the universities; mission, they had to follow these changes. In order to understand how the university libraries can actively contribute to the constitution of an entrepreneurial university, the general objective of this research was to propose the implementation of a space inside the library that encourages entrepreneurship and innovation in academia. The research method used was action-research and the object of study was the Biblioteca Comunitária da UFSCar. The results achieved included: 1) planning a space that encourages entrepreneurship, called Starteca; and 2) Starteca implementation, involving the definition of the organizational structure, services and partnerships. It was concluded that the university library is an active actor in the processes of training entrepreneurs and bringing together private sector and the university, and consequently in the construction of the entrepreneurial university.
Diagnóstico de gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde gerados em laboratórios de ensino e de pesquisa da Universidade Federal de São Carlos – campus de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Teixeira, Aline Pialarici; Uehara, Sílvia Carla da Silva André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3903413440784581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6007122933714900
The teaching and research laboratories of the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) contribute with a significant share in the generation of Health Services Waste (HSW). This study aimed to perform a diagnosis on the management of the HSW generated in teaching and research laboratories of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos Campus. It is an exploratory and descriptive field research, using quantitative variables. The research was carried out in 168 teaching and research laboratories of the Biological Sciences and Health Center (BSHC) and the Exact Sciences and Technology Center (ESTC) of UFSCar. 168 people who were in charge for the laboratories participated in the survey. The data were collected through a self-respond questionnaire, using an instrument adapted from Veiga (2011). Data collection began after the approval of the Research Ethics Committee (REC) of UFSCar. The data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. The results showed that the UFSCar laboratories generate HSW of Groups A, B, C, D and E. It is noteworthy that 33.8% of the laboratories generated biological waste, 67.9% chemical waste and 59.5% perforating waste. Regarding the segregation, 73.2% of the laboratories segregated biological waste, 76.5% and 86%, respectively, segregated chemical waste and perforating waste. As for stowage, 66.1% of the laboratories stowaged the biological waste in identified containers, 89.9% and 77%, respectively, of the laboratories that generated chemical waste and perforating agents stowaged the waste in identified containers. Furthermore, in 72.5% of the laboratories, the residues were transported manually; 39.3% of the laboratories did not have an exclusive place to store the HSW. Regarding the treatment of HSW, in 27% of the laboratories, the biological waste was submitted to autoclave treatment, in 18% 7.9% of the laboratories the chemical waste and perforating agents were incinerated, and in 4.3% the common waste was sent for recycling. In addition, 32.8% of those responsible did not know how the external collection was performed; and, 77% did not know the type of final disposal. As for the reuse and recycling actions, 41.1% stated that the common waste was recycled; still, 82.1% of the laboratories did not have HSWMP and 83.3% of the laboratories that had the plan did not use standards for its construction. It is considered that the management of HSW in the teaching and research laboratories of BSHC and ESTC of UFSCar is being carried out adequately; however, it has gaps in relation to the knowledge of participants about the management of HSW. The need to build a HSWMP is highlighted, as well as the development of permanent education programs, focusing on chemical residues, in order to improve the knowledge of the academic population, user of these laboratories.
Versões digitais para jogos matemáticos: invariantes em paridade, congruência modular, frações e pg
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Conceição Junior, Renato; Caetano, Paulo Antônio Silvani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0370219014539994; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8858202791277295
The work consisted in the idealization and implementation in the programming language of Scratch of online digital versions for games with didactic intent in mathematics, as well as the availability of these games on the site scratch.mit.edu, with the objective that primary school teachers use them as an integral part of didactic sequences and also for the use of students as a hobby and challenges. The idealization was supported by the guidelines suggested by the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC), which encourage the use, creation and development of digital language in the school environment. The games created were tested by high school math teachers who issued opinions, suggestions and criticisms through online forms made available for this purpose. Each of the games had its main theme cited with the highest frequency of all available in its forms, showing to be consistent with the didactic intentions for which they were created.
Um modelo experimental para estudar metáfora: efeitos da punição sobre a frequência de emissão de extensão metafórica do tato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Carvalho, Filipe Cesar da Hora; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030144377223336
Metaphor, as traditional literature knows, represents aspects of verbal behavior studied under the label metaphorical extension of tact. It is a sort of tact generalization, in which the properties of a new stimulus that control verbal response, though present at reinforcement, are not regarded by verbal community as criteria to reinforce this kind of response. In the Verbal Behavior, B. F. Skinner stated that the properties of things or events related with metaphorical extension are matters to experimental research, but in current literature was not possible to find metaphorical extension approached into experimental studies. One of the problems faced in experimental research about metaphorical extension is the lack of method to manipulate variables related to this phenomenon. Therefore this study aimed to develop an experimental procedure to investigate the metaphor phenomenon. For this purpose, two experiments were carried out. Experiment 1 aimed to verify the punishment effect on the metaphorical extension frequency. The procedure was divided into the three following experimental phases: Tact Training phase, in which the participants learned to respond to four different stimulus classes (samples) by selecting a non-sense word (matching stimulus). The selection, in this way, acquired the tact function. On the Punishment of tact “Fite” phase, one of the tacts started to be punished and it was verified whether tacts for the other categories started to be emitted based on adventitious properties of the stimuli. The last phase, Test, did not have programed consequences to all responses. Results of the Experiment 1 showed that the experimental procedure was successful in studying variables involved in the production of metaphors and that the frequency of metaphorical extension increases when faced to some condition of punishment of tact. Experiment 2 was an extension of Experiment 1 and aimed to verify, by turn, punishment effects on the frequency of the metaphorical extension into reversal design. Experiment 2’s procedure was similar to the Experiment 1’s one, having an addition of two experimental phases. Thus, the Experiment 2’s procedure was carried out in this way: Tact Training, Punishment of tact “Fite”, Punishment of tact “Dag”, Fite Test and Dag Test. Experiment 1’s results were replied by the Experiment 2. Therefore experimental method was successful in studying metaphorical extension and enables future studies to verify other properties of the stimuli that underlie to the metaphor.
Elementos da constituição da identidade docente de professoras iniciantes da educação infantil e do ensino fundamental - anos iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Pinheiro, Tarciana dos Santos; Souza, Ana Paula Gestoso de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2662760426985944; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9079868283661393
Teacher education and professional development are occupying considerable prominence in the Brazilian educational research scenario. We understand that there are several aspects that enable this development, and that the professional identity of novice teachers who work in early childhood education and in the early years of elementary school is permeated by constant challenges. Thus, the research question is: In what ways does the constitution of novice teachers’ professional identity, working in early childhood education and in the early years of elementary school, occur? We seek to identify and characterize the elements of personal and professional trajectories that constitute the novice teachers’ professional identity of early childhood education and the early years of elementary school. The research takes place in an induction program - Hybrid Mentoring Program – HMP (UFSCar) - developed by the research group named Teacher Education and other educational agents that aims to provide a mentoring process in which mentors (experienced teachers) accompany beginners aiming to minimize / overcome the difficulties faced at the novice teachers’ career. In methodological terms we propose a qualitative descriptive-analytical study. Regarding the process of data production and analysis, the research is supported by the use of narratives elaborated in the virtual learning environment and oral narrative interview. The data were analyzed from an understanding-interpretative perspective that made it possible to perceive the elements of the set of novice teachers’ life-education stories. The results showed that during the personal and professional trajectories there are some tensions that permeate the beginning of teaching. We visualize a conflicting professional life period, because, besides marking the passage from student to teacher, there are personal aspects such as beliefs and values that influence the construction of conceptions of teaching practice. The research proved the importance of a continuous education, demonstrating the essential relevance of induction programs, once we realize the indispensable factor in the teacher's identity constitution - the accompaniment of these professionals at the moment they enter schools facilitates the tensions, opening new perspectives to broaden the theoretical / methodological repertoires of teachers, as well as provide paradigms changes. Thus, the various aspects of the process professional identity constitution were confirmed, proving to us the importance of analyzing teachers' personal and professional trajectories. After all, understanding these elements is, in fact, necessary to seek new ways of intervening in the continuous formation of these professionals.
Análise da reforma brasileira do ensino médio de 2017 à luz da escola unitária de Gramsci
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Ferrari, Julie Fernanda; Martins, Marcos Francisco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4402371500689647
This dissertation has as its theme the new reform of high school, which is analyzed in the light of Gramsci's unitary school proposal. Considering that the referred reform was carried out in the government of Michel Temer by Provisional Measure 746/2016 and became Law 13,415 / 17, both the law and the provisional measure were the object of this research. The investigation sought to problematize the proposal for comprehensive training present in the law in question, which alters the structure of high school, and how it approaches or distances itself from Antonio Gramsci's unitary school proposal. The methodology used was bibliographic and documentary research, with a qualitative focus. Bibliographically, researchers Saviani, Ribeiro, Freitas, Da Silva, Ferretti, Fatorelli, Orso etc. were identified. as a basis for the study of High School Reform, and as the foundation of the exhibition on Gramsci's unitary school, the authors Monasta, Mochcovitch, Martins, Dore, Liguori, Coutinho, Ciavatta, Nosella, in addition to Gramsci himself. Documentally, three documents are presented and analyzed: Law 13,415 / 17, MP 746/2016 and Common National Curriculum for High School. The results achieved revealed that the reform may increase social inequalities, since it is only interested in training cheap labor in the market, commercializing and outsourcing education, in addition to expanding the dichotomy between doing and knowing in the teaching process- school learning, which is very different, if not the opposite, from the education proposal present in the legacy left by Antonio Gramsci in his notebooks and letters from prison, and even in texts from “youth”, in the period prior to the arrest.
Investigando vieses de gênero a respeito de profissões entre alunos das áreas de ciências exatas e humanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Moreira, Murilo César; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7748343932070188
Gender stereotypes affect both men and women since childhood. While men may be more often associated with Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) careers, women tend to associated with careers related to nurturing and caring. The present research aimed to use an explicit scale and an IRAP to investigate how the gender-career relational pattern could vary for Brazilian college students following their gender and career. Both instruments included as stimuli names of stereotypically regarded as "male" or as "female" careers (pedagogy, nursing, fashion, nutrition, and psychology) and words describing gender. Participants were divided into four groups (men and women from humanities and STEM careers). They performed an IRAP task regarding gender and careers and then filled an explicit scale. A significant pro-male-STEM bias emerged for all groups, except the STEMfemale group, which was the only group showing a significant pro-female-STEM bias (p<.05) and a significant difference from the other 3 groups. The significant pro-male-careers regarded as male bias was especially stronger among STEM-male students but also found in male-humanities and female-humanities groups. In the explicit scales, participants showed a tendency to select a more neutral position (i.e., not classifying careers as "male" or "female"), especially among careers commonly viewed as more "masculine". Considering the participants as single group, correlations were found only between explicit evaluations for the careers more often seen as male and the female-careers regarded as male trial-type indicating that the more a career was explicitly evaluated as male, the more the trial type "STEM Female" was considered "false".
Efeitos da adição do treinamento muscular inspiratório à fisioterapia convencional sobre a força muscular respiratória, função pulmonar e capacidade funcional na doença de Parkinson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Marrara, Alyne Montero Ferro; Vanelli, Renata Pedrolongo Basso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6419696729541090; Gianlorenço, Anna Carolyna Lepesteur; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3861050459671690; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9555607663190611
Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), in addition to motor impairment, may present respiratory system disorders. Currently, there are few studies with emphasis on muscle and pulmonary dysfunction, and which verify the benefits of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) added to conventional physical therapy in this population. Aim: Evaluate whether IMT added to conventional physical therapy is effective for the improvement of respiratory muscle strength, lung function and functional capacity in PD. Materials and methods: A randomized and controlled trial was conducted with 14 participants with idiopathic PD, aged between 40 and 80 years, in the stages I to III by modified Hoehn and Yahr scale. Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by manovacuometry and pulmonary function by spirometry. The functional capacity was evaluated by the 6-minute walk test. After the evaluations, these participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the IMT group (IMTG), which performed Powerbreathe® for 36 sessions, eight series of two minutes each, with one minute of rest between them, totaling 23 minutes, at 60% of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP); and the sham group (SG), which performed the same training protocol, but with 9 cmH2O, the minimum load of equipment. All participants were submitted to the same conventional physical therapy protocol. After the intervention, all participants were re-evaluated. Results: Our data indicate that groups, IMTG and SG, showed significant improvement in MIP (cmH2O) and MIP (% pred). Regarding the variables of maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), spirometric and distance covered in the 6MWT (6MWTD), there was no significant difference after training. Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle strength was improved independently of the protocol of training used, which means, that the minimum load added to conventional physical therapy was able to affect the inspiratory muscle strength in mild to moderate PD.
Ouvir e falar: o procedimento estruturado em MEI no ensino de bebês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Silva, Giulia Gomes da; Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2117365218146418
The studies presented in this dissertation addressed to investigate teaching procedures to produce the shared control of stimuli to the repertoires of selection and tact to babies with ages between 24 and 29 months. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, which resulted in the study 1. The objective of this study was to identify in the research reports the procedures that were structured in Multiple Exemplar Instruction (MEI), for teaching the behaviors of listeners and speakers of children up to 50 months of age, which resulted in emerging tact. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the requirements of the protocol PRISMA. The searches were conducted in Databases EBSCO; ERIC; PubMED, SCOPUS; Pepsic; LILACS; SciELO; Google Scholar, without a cut of period of publication. The descriptors used were: "Instrução com Múltiplos Exemplares” and “Multiple Exemplar Instruction”. The searches resulted in the recovery of a total of 498 studies. Of these, only 4 were selected for analysis. Two studies have taught tasks of Matching-To-Sample auditory-visual, MTS visual-visual with instruction and tact pure structured in MEI. The other two studies have taught the same tasks by adding the tact impure in the structure of MEI. In relation to the procedures and results, the average number of blocks required for teaching structured in MEI was different for each study, even for those who taught the same tasks. It seems that the variable that influenced the results was the programd instruction before exposure to teaching structured in MEI. The structures of teaching found in North American literature, resulted in adapting them to the line of research carried out in the Laboratório de Interação Social and for brazilians babies. That said, the study 2 had as aim to verify the effectiveness of teaching of tasks of selection and emission of tact employing the structured procedure in MEI on the emergence of operant tact for childrens up to 30 months. For this, an a experimental research was carried out with a multiple-probe design. Participated in the study, six children with ages between 24 to 29 months of age, four of them born at term and preterm infants. The research was developed in a school of public education. The instruments used in the survey and evaluation of the repertoire of entry of participants were the Operational Portage Inventory and the Denver II. The study had the following experimental steps: a) baseline with all sets; b) teaching listeners, performed with selection tasks for set 1; c) probe of the behavior of listeners, performed with selection tasks and the behavior of speaker, performed with the emission of the tact for all sets; d) teaching of tasks of tact emission and selection structured in MEI for set 2; e) probe of the behavior of listeners, performed with selection tasks and the behavior of speaker, performed with the emission of the tact for all sets; f) teaching tasks of selection and emission of tact structured in MEI for set 3; g) probe of listener behavior, performed with selection tasks and speaker behavior, performed with the emission of tact for all sets; h) categorization probe. Three participants reached the finale of the study. Two of them produced emerging tact for 83.3% of new stimuli and were exposed only to teaching structured in MEI for set 2. One participant issued 66.6% of emerging tact for new stimuli. In relation the categorization probes, two participants responded correctly and grouped the stimuli according to the categories. The teaching of tasks of selection and emission of tact structured in MEI showed good results for 29-month-old babies to produce derived relationships of tact. Two studies demonstrate that the teaching structured in MEI seems to be a good way for the integration of two repertories for the babies.
Prevenção de violência e promoção de relações de intimidade saudáveis na adolescência: análise de um programa de intervenção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Souza, Marina Soares; Carlos, Diene Monique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4324893981363616; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312887439764733
During adolescence, interpersonal relationships receive greater value; the family space expands to build new interactions and relationships. In general, the adolescent does not present great rates of illness or mortality in comparison with other phases of human life; however, they may be vulnerable to phenomena such as violence. In recent years, studies have focused on intimate partner violence among adolescents. An approach is made for some factors, such as the early establishment of unhealthy intimate relationships in people's lives and, in this field, as a strategic area for the prevention of intimate partner violence and the promotion of healthy intimate relationships. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent intervention program that aims to aware adolescents about intimate partner violence, enabling them to build healthy relationships. A quasi-experimental study, with evaluation of 8th and 9th graders about intimate partner violence knowledge and social skills for building healthy relationships before (n= 105) and after (n= 88) an intervention. This intervention was based on the ecological model of understanding violence and was carried out in a public school in São Carlos-SP with adolescents, parents and teachers. The adolescents answered to the sociodemographic questionnaire, to the intimate partner violence knowledge in the reduced version and to the social skills questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, being applied chi-square and Wilcoxon tests. The average age was 13.9 years, being 48.6% of female adolescents, 78.1% had religion, 75.2% already had some type of intimate relationship and of these, 6.7% were recognized as victims and/or perpetrators of some type of violence. The groups did not present significant differences in the comparison of the collection times. However, some specific items in the questionnaires had important p-value ranging from .037 to <.001. The p value .037 refers to the variable "Violence can continue after the dating ends" of the intimate partner violence knowledge questionnaire. While the variables "I participate in school activities such as sports teams and guilds", " I ignore classmates who are clowning" and "I receive criticism from my parents without getting upset" of the social skills questionnaire also presented significant p value with .03 for the first variable and .036 for the other variables indicated. Still on the last questionnaire, although it presented non-significant total values, all variables, individually, indicated p value <.001. It is concluded that preventive programs about intimate partners violence that promote healthy relationships still need further practical study, considering tools and selected strategies for the interventions best suited to the participants' own needs.
Desenvolvimento rural por meio da comercialização da agricultura familiar: um estudo de caso no Instituto Chão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Figueiredo, Eduardo; Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071; Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4691987383111209
The general objective of this dissertation was to analyze rural development based on urban space strategies, using a case study between Instituto Chão and farmers from Iperó (SP) and Cristina (MG), in order to identify their commercialization processes and processing in family farming. According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, the municipality of Iperó SP has an estimated population of 28,300 people, 38% of whom are in rural areas. Cristina-MG, on the other hand, has an estimated population of 10,242 people, of which 42% are in rural areas. The research method used was quantitative and qualitative. 25 forms were used with open and closed questions, which were filled out by the researcher. The dissertation is organized in the form of articles, thus constituted in general introduction, three chapters and general considerations. The second chapter was entitled: “Organization and Practices of Solidarity Economy With Family Farmers: The Case of Instituto Chão.” In this second chapter, it was observed that the marketing network between Instituto Chão and Family Farmers contributes to the strengthening of the production chain itself and there was an incentive to productive diversification, better working conditions, expansion of the environmental balance and greater autonomy of the rural producer. The third chapter was entitled: “The Chão Institute, the Diversification of Family Production and Environmental and Agroecological Aspects: work and quality of the environment, social relations and food itself”. In this third chapter, it is evident that the farmers presented a significant productive variety, improvement in the quality of the environment and in the environmental and agroecological aspects. It can be seen that the commercialization between the Institute and the farmers made it possible to create 11 new crops that started to be produced and sold in the organic market. In relation to environmental and agroecological aspects, it was observed that 60% of farmers practice the consortium of agricultural activities, 55% control plantation pests and diseases with natural products, 35% use green manure, 75% control weeds natural weeding, 100% use animal manure and plant remains and 85% know the term Agroecology. The fourth chapter was entitled: “The Socioeconomic Profile and the income improvement of farmers participating in Instituto Chão.” It was observed that among the surveyed farmers, 65% are male and 35% female, 40% are between 36 and 49 years old, 35% over 50 years old and 25% between 18 and 35 years old. Of the 20 farmers who participated in the survey, 50% declared themselves white, 40% black, 5% brown and 5% other. It was found that 55% have completed high school, 20% complete higher education, 15% incomplete elementary school and 10% complete elementary school. After commercialization with the Institute, the present study identified that the farmers' income had a significant increase of 45% (considering the range between 2 to 3 minimum wages) and an increase of 30% (considering the range between 3 to 4 minimum wages) . The present articles showed that the benefits resulting from commercialization with the Institute are: increased diversity of crops, improved income, investment in property, greater autonomy and production of foods that have the techniques and methods of organic agriculture.
Mapeamento, espacialização e caracterização do componente arbóreo na paisagem de assentamentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Silva, Bruna Aparecida da; Sais, Adriana Cavalieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0115095851353833; Leite, Eliana Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2186623269243747; Oliveira, Renata Evangelista de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6777223792862756; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1424541920901761
The use of land for agriculture has altered the natural elements of the landscape. And the maintenance of forest areas, as well as the development of sustainable agricultural practices, has already been affirmed as urgent in combating and reversing environmental degradation processes, seeking to promote ecological balance. Studying agroecosystems inserted in rural settlements reveals their potential in different contexts and enables new ways of organizing them, contributing to the ecological and economic potential in these places and improving the sustainability of productive systems. This work is divided into two chapters, the objective of which was to study the tree component present in the agrarian reform settlements in the municipality of Araras (SP). The first quantifies this component and analyzes its arrangement and distribution, evaluating its insertion in productive systems and its contribution to improving connectivity in the landscape. And the second, identifies the tree species cultivated and maintained by family farmers, their role in productive systems and in the local way of life; as well as understanding the relationship that farmers have with the tree component within their plots. The landscape of the settlements is fragmented and has many patches of small sizes, however the tree components present within the lots contribute to the increase in tree cover and connectivity in the landscape. And it is clear that the desire and relationship of the settlers to own trees in their agro-ecosystems, brings wealth and also an abundance of species to the landscape of the settlements, thus contributing to the increase and conservation of local biodiversity, helping in the transformation and development of the same.
Análise do comportamento de sistemas estruturais em concreto moldado in loco sob o efeito do colapso progressivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Ruthes, Heloiza Candeia; Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3424352535098487
This work aims to investigate the behavior of cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures in the ultimate limit state of collapse. Progressive collapse is the disproportionate spread of a local failure due to the incidence of exceptional loads, such as an explosion, earthquakes, vehicle impact and fire. However, the information contained in the Brazilian Standard is not sufficient to help the designer include checking the progressive collapse in the design and design of structures. Thus, the objective of this work is to propose a classification of structures according to the need to consider the progressive collapse and, subsequently, to analyze the behavior of a model building in reinforced concrete, with several storeys, in the event of failure or loss of columns, simulating the situation of progressive collapse, with the application of conventional methods contained in international standards and documents, compare the application of known methods, as well as analyze the redistribution of internal stresses in the elements adjacent to the column removed in each case. For this, four analytical models of a five-storey building were simulated, before the application of different methods of prevention and verification regarding progressive collapse, in the SAP 2000® software, for four different cases, in which external pillars are removed. After the initial phase of the research, through other existing international classifications, a classification table of conventional structures was proposed according to their occupation and, for each group, a method to be used for this consideration was recommended. Regarding the results of the structure analysis, the results for bending moment, axial load and nodal displacements diagrams caused in the structure after the loss of the vertical element were obtained. After the initial phase, the results obtained were analyzed and it was found that the alternative path method proved to be more effective for the analyzed structure.
Chronic influence of inspiratory muscle training at different intensities on the serum metabolome
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Sakaguchi, Camila Akemi; Nieman, David Christopher; Signini, Étore De Favari; Abreu, Raphael Martins de; Silva, Claudio Donisete da; Rehder-Santos, Patricia; Carosio, Maria Gabriela Aparecida; Maria, Roberta Manzano; Dato, Carla Cristina; Araújo, Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre de; Venâncio, Tiago; Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto; Catai, Aparecida Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2175151508733550; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1394058741261696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131684794713173; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3915645562379689; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0359139542962460; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4106928526052451; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4672145323559190; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5720983529187860; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7550-564X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-1860; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5355-3309; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3130-101X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4989-4434; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-6936; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-1843; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1232-4021; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2372-7814; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-3940; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-216X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4837-3936
Patá matá. O que dizem os Taurepáng sobre o fim do mundo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Monticelli, Caio; Andrello, Geraldo Luciano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3195580330549304
The aim of this paper is to present the way in which the Taurepáng, Carib people who lives in the north of the state of Roraima in Brazil, has been interpreting the consequences of the Venezuelan crisis. Their communities are located on both sides of the border with this country, exactly halfway to one of the largest migratory flows in Latin American history. Following fieldwork in 2018 in the Bananal community, only twelve kilometers from the Venezuelan border, the argument is that the Taurepáng understand these events by activating aspects of their own practice of the Seventh-day Adventist religion. This understanding, by the way, refers to background cosmological problems. In this context, we highlight the intensification of mineral exploitation in the Venezuelan savannah and the increase of attacks and accusations of Kanaimé in the vicinity of the taurepáng communities that are there, as well as the relationship that these people maintain with a series of supernatural agents, among them, the “mineral himself owns”. The combination of all these elements reinforces something that the Taurepáng have already elaborated in their worship, namely, the notion that they live a world essentially "spoiled by the work of Satan". Overcoming this condition would be found in the post-mortem, in the place to be prepared in heaven by Jesus Christ. Given this perspective, Taurepáng’s pastors are the experts responsible for interpreting the “words of God” contained in the bible, and elaborating them in the form of sermons to members of the congregation, emphasizing the “good messages” about the heavenly paradise to be attained after death.
A prática social da mediação no fútbol callejero: processos educativos decorrentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-21) Varotto, Nathan Raphael; Gonçalves Junior, Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8438677612084862
Through the course of the university degree in Physical Education I realized that education is not restricted to the school environment. We educate ourselves with each other at all times and spaces. From this new perspective, I decided to search socio-educational projects and ended up finding a project of leisure activities directed to children from the suburbs of a city in the interior of São Paulo state. Amongst the activities developed by this project there is Fútbol Callejero, a game which I felt a deep affinity. After becaming engaged to this Project, I was invited to participate as a mediator of the Street Football World Cup, which took place in July 2014, in the city of São Paulo. From the experiences in the project and in this event, as well as the perception of its educational potential, I decided to deepen the studies in this social practice. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to identify and understand educational processes that emerge from the social practice of the mediation in the Fútbol Callejero. This study was conducted based on qualitative research, which does not focus on generalizations or research neutrality. The path taken by this study, both in data collection and analysis, had phenomenological inspiration, more specifically concerning the situated phenomenon. For data collection, we used interviews with six mediators held in March 2019, who attended or are attending training meetings on the Fútbol Callejero methodology. The analysis of the interviews resulted in two categories, namely: a) “Knowledge development and new practicies experience”; b) “Communitary protagonism on becoming a Fútbol Callejero mediator”. We consider that at its roots, the creators of Fútbol Callejero hoped that the game experience strengthened youth protagonism, leadership and dialogue, besides recovering values such as respect, cooperation and solidarity.