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Flexibilização da jornada de trabalho: estudo de caso com servidores técnico-administrativos em uma instituição federal de ensino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Tessarini Junior, Geraldo
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5837053265871206
This study aims to analyze the flexible work arrangements of technical-administrative staff in a Brazilian federal institution of education that adopts a model to reduce working time to 30 hours per week. A case study was conducted through the collection and analysis of theoretical data (bibliographic and documentary research) and empirical data (participant observation and nineteen semi-structured interviews with flexible employees, managers and union representatives). The results indicate that the flexible working time is an important part of a very complex organizational context, being permeated by a series of implications and contradictions. Initially, there is a large approval and advocacy for flexibility, especially due to obtaining more free time to devote to other personal activities. However, reducing working hours has not represented an action capable of providing better quality employment for workers. There are a number of aspects that undermine the benefits of flexibilization: i) intensification of working time, especially due to the lack of staff, excessive demands and the workers' sense of gratitude for the flexibility granted, which leads them to increase their work efforts; ii) intensification of organizational control mechanisms through norms, technologies and the fear of loss of flexibility; iii) extension of work, through information and communication technologies, to time outside the institution; iv) unstable working conditions manifested in the precariousness and scrapping of public service and public education; and v) performing a work devoid of personal sense, evidenced by the perception of inferiority in relation to an organizational daily life that privileges the teaching activity over the technical-administrative activities. In addition, flexible working time, configured as an administrative concession and not a workers right, serves political purposes, expanding the possibilities of control over workers. This research contributes to a critical debate about the implications of reduced working hours, showing that, although it is an important and necessary action for the working class, even more important is the struggle for better quality jobs that effectively provide a live with some meaning both inside and outside of work.
Fundamentação da filosofia na crítica da razão pura: regras metodológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Vieira, Marcelo Aparecido
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Santos, Paulo Roberto Licht dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1681044854219924
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0906549801234887
This dissertation proposes to investigate the method of the Critique of pure reason itself, as it is presented in the Transcendental Doctrine of Method, for the substantiation of philosophy as science. It is Kantian thesis, from the pre-critical to the critical period, that philosophy is not yet given or constituted as science, being only an idea of a possible science; if philosophy is not yet given, one of the main tasks of the Critique of Pure Reason is to propose a systematic or integral substantiation of philosophy as science. The problem that this Dissertation seeks to investigate is the method that the Critique of Pure Reason itself adopts to accomplish this task. Two readings, divergent from each other, allow us to better understand the problem proposed here and the solution we seek to give to it. Schelling objects that Kant, by refusing a doctrine of construction for philosophy itself, would not be able to ground it. Gérard Lebrun, on the other hand, proposes that the foundation of philosophy proposed by Kant is not to be found in formal logic, as the leading thread of critical investigation, but in reflection itself as the method of philosophy. Against these two readings, this dissertation seeks to show that the foundation of philosophy proposed by Kant is found precisely in the critical method as set forth in the Transcendental Doctrine of Method of the Critique of Pure Reason. Our hypothesis is that the grounding required by criticism is possible not by the construction of concepts nor by pre-logical reflection, but by reason of the methodological rules as grounded in our faculties of knowledge and extracted from the forms of thinking itself. Which in the last analysis is: thinking by rules.
Padronização e aplicação do ensaio cometa para análise de genotoxicidade do mercúrio em abelhas da espécie Bombus atratus (Hymenoptera, Bombini)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Ceschi-Bertoli, Letícia
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Abdalla, Fábio Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7770803221041927
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6218507280198988
The mercury (Hg) is a non-essential trace metal, that is highly toxic to living beings, is a major contaminant of water bodies. Despite the genotoxic importance of Hg, there are no studies on its genotoxicity in native neotropical bees, using effective biomarkers. Therefore, a study of the genotoxicity of Hg in Bombus atratus bees was carried out through the comet assay. This assay determines the extent of DNA damage to individual cell nuclei by differential migration of DNA fragments in microelectrophoresis. Despite the effectiveness and sensitivity of the technique, there are no records in the literature about the applicability of this assay to Bombus neotropical bees, which have many endangered species. B. atratus workers were collected from Sorocaba, SP, (23º34'53.1''S 47º31'29.5'') during the months of February to March 2019. After capture, the workers were individually placed in special boxes for the toxicological test and kept in an incubator at 26 ºC, 70% humidity, in the dark, for 48 hours, according to OECD recommendations. Eleven workers were used for the group exposed to Hg at a concentration of 0.2 µg L -1, concentration considered safe by CONAMA (nº 357, 2005), and the same number for the control group. Both groups were maintained with a 70% sucrose solution. In addition to the exposed group, 0.2 µg L -1 Hg solution was offered, and to the control group, uncontaminated water. After 48 hours, the tissues that compose the Hepato-Nephrocytic System (HNS), dorsal vessel, hemocytes, fat body/pericardial cells, and Malpighi tubules (MT), were collected and processed for the comet assay. The results showed that Hg promoted genotoxicity in these animals. Regarding the control group, the HNS of workers exposed to Hg was sensitive to contamination due to the abundant presence of different levels of comets, which indicate the fragmentation of genetic material. While MT, in turn, were less responsive to the trace metal, presenting fewer damaged nuclei. Statistical analysis compared between level 0 and total damage parameters showed higher genotoxicity promoted by Hg in HNS of the exposed group, compared to the control group. While genotoxicity in MT was similar between control and exposed groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that HNS is more responsive to Hg exposure than MT. It was concluded that the concentration of Hg considered safe by CONAMA compromised the cells that compose the HNS, impairing the general physiology of the studied species, even if the TM were not affected.
Avaliando a eficácia do ensino de tato e ouvinte com estímulos de dois elementos na aquisição de língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Ferreira, Mayara da Silva
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Cortez, Mariéle Diniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7927746584626515
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1698874787482610
Some studies have assessed how different teaching procedures may favor the acquisition of intraverbal repertoire related to foreign language acquisition in children. The present study aimed to 1) assess the effectiveness of tact and listener instruction with two-element stimuli (object and color), organized in matrix, in the emergence of bidirectional intraverbal responses (English–Portuguese and Portuguese–English) and, 2) verify the instruction effectiveness in producing generalization and recombination between pairs of elements. Four children with typical development from eight and nine years participated. The experimental conditions were 1) Pre-training probe, that evaluated the children’s initial tact, listener and intraverbal responses of the stimuli sets (color and object); 2) Tact instruction: Phase 1, color teaching, when the experimenter presented a card filled by the color (visual stimulus) and asked the child “Which color is this in English?” and Phase 2, object + color teaching, similar to Step 1, using two-element visual stimuli (object + color); 3) Listener instruction: Phase 1, color teaching, in which the participant pointed to the corresponding color (in a three card arrangement) to the vocalized word by the experimenter and Phase 2, object + color instruction, similar to Phase 1, using two-element visual stimuli (object + color); 4) Bidirectional intraverbal probe, that verified the emergence of bidirectional intraverbal responses (English–Portuguese and Portuguese–English) and; 5) Generalization test of bidirectional intraverbal responses, that evaluated the recombination among objects and color names that were not directly taught. The high levels of emergence of bidirectional intraverbal responses were observed in both tact and listener instructions, however, tact instruction efficiency seemed higher than that observed in previous studies. In generalization test, findings demonstrated high levels of recombinative generalization for all participants.
Saberes populares e alfabetização científica e tecnológica: possibilidades e desafios para a formação continuada de professores de ciências da natureza
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Silva, Larissa Aparecida Rosendo da
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Milaré, Tathiane
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1203909012147159
The brazilian society is composed of a cultural hodgepodge due to the strong presence of indigenous peoples, immigrants and slaves of different ethnicities, impacting habits, beliefs and even forms of expression. This whole context attributes to the Brazilian community a unique community character, with intrinsic and singular characteristics and a culture resulting from the mixture of all the ethnic groups that compose it. In view of the influences of this cultural diversity, it is essential that this plurality and specificities are explored within the scope of local educational practices, valuing and rescuing the knowledge coming from society and the students' experiences. Popular knowledge composes this picture of cultural wealth, and appears as a theme with the potential to contextualize the contents of scientific disciplines. This is because it contributes to a training in which the individual is able to understand the relevance of these two cultures - popular wisdom and scientific knowledge, knowing how to transpose them and resort to them in their appropriate contexts, in line with theoretical references such as the proposed Scientific and Technological Literacy by Fourez (2005). Despite the possible contributions that work with this theme can add to science teaching, it is necessary to consider that the effectiveness of this work depends largely on the teacher, thus indicating the need for training that takes place in this perspective. However, due to the incipience of discussions on the subject within the scope of Didactics of Science, we do not yet have knowledge that provides a consistent theoretical framework for teacher training. Thus, the present work, based on the offer of a continuous teacher training course involving the relations between popular wisdom, ACT and science teaching, sought to understand what are the implications of using this theme in the teaching work and in the teaching and learning processes. science learning. To this end, we sought to analyze the process of construction, application and evaluation of teaching proposals that deal with popular knowledge and Scientific and Technological Literacy by science teachers within the scope of a distance extension course. It appears that the use of popular wisdom in an articulated way to science teaching presents great potential for work in the perspective of ACT, presenting strong approximations with the assumptions of this framework, in addition, it is evident that work in this perspective still demands great transformations in the educational system as a whole, especially in the training of teachers in the field, who, without adequate, procedural and continuous training, encounter major obstacles to promote these articulations and relationships in their teaching practice.
A candidatura Lula em 2018 nas páginas da Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo e O Estado de S. Paulo: agenda e enquadramento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Lins, Aquiles Coelho
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6291864794986993
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6692908975804791
In the midst of a serious political crisis, Brazil went through presidential elections in 2018. During the pre-campaign and part of the electoral race, former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) led the vote intentions, but had his candidacy prevented by the Electoral Justice, after having been sentenced in the second instance. It is known that the mass media have become a fundamental element in the political life of any democratic country and that printed newspapers are relevant in this context, due to their ability to guide the agendas of other media. In this sense, the present research investigates how the three main printed newspapers nationwide - Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo and O Estado de S. Paulo - reported and noticed Lula's candidacy attempt in 2018. For that, they were analyzed the main and editorial headlines of the vehicles from June 8 to September 12, 2018. The main methods used were the Valencia Analysis Methodology and the Framework Analysis. Three main issues were investigated: (1) the frequency devoted to Lula's electoral project by the vehicles; (2) the valuation of headlines and editorials about him; and (3) the framework given to the ex-president in the editorials. In the meantime, we tried to answer the following questions: how was Lula's candidacy portrayed by the researched newspapers? And what were the central ideas that organized the opinionated content of newspapers about Lula? It was argued that, through the selection and emphasis of certain aspects of the perceived reality, and the deliberate choice of frameworks, the three main newspapers in the country maintained a historic position of opposition to Lula and the PT, with mostly news and opinion content negative in relation to the object. The data found demonstrate that the three vehicles had largely negative coverage against Lula, both in the headlines and in the editorials, and the predominant framing in the editorials characterized Lula as an “authoritarian” politician when trying to run for office being in a condition of ineligibility.
Efeitos da combinação de agrotóxicos e do patógeno Nosema ceranae no desenvolvimento de Apis mellifera africanizada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Tadei, Rafaela
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Silva-Zacarin, Elaine Cristina Mathias da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3993998796939609
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0546753583907576
Bee populations have declined in several parts of the world, possibly due to a combination of biotic and abiotic factors, such as pesticides, pathogens and forest fragmentation. Since the larval stage, bees are exposed to combination of pesticides by food and contact that can harm their health and capacity to combating pathogens, such as the microsporidium Nosema ceranae. The present study aimed to assess whether exposure to the combination of pesticides in the early stage of bee development changes the rates of infection and effects caused by the pathogen N. ceranae. For this, Apis mellifera larvae from three healthy colonies were transferred to in vitro conditions and received an artificial diet containing 2% of pesticides from the third to the sixth day of feeding. The larval bioassay was composed of six experimental groups: I - Control, II - Solvent control, III - Clothianidin insecticide, IV - Pyraclostrobin fungicide, V - Combination: insecticide + fungicide, VI - Commercial pyraclostrobin fungicide - Comet®. The total consumption of clothianidin and pyraclostrobin was 0.17 ng / larva and 0.69 ng / larva, respectively. These individuals were kept at 34ºC and humidity controlled until the emergency. One day after the emergency, half of the individuals in each experimental group were orally inoculated with 100,000 N. ceranae spores. Six days after inoculation, the midgut of the bees was submitted to dissection, fixation and microtomy for histological, histochemical and immunofluorescence evaluation. From the histological sections, quantitative analyzes of the infection rate, morphometric of the epithelial thickness and semi-quantitative analyzes of cellular changes in the midgut were performed. Deleterious effects on post-embryonic development were not observed in the experimental groups. Larval exposure to pesticides made subsequent adults more susceptible to the actions of the pathogen Nosema ceranae, increasing epithelial lesions in the midgut. Among the experimental groups, the insecticide showed the highest cytotoxicity to the midgut and increased the rates of cellular infection to the inoculated spores. No synergism was observed in individuals exposed to a combination of pesticides, but co-exposure favored infection with the pathogen. The commercial formulation of the fungicide did not enhance the effects of the active principle on the ventricular epithelium of adult bees. Thus, this study is the first to assess larval exposure to combinations of pesticides followed by inoculation with N. ceranae and showed that larval exposure to sublethal doses of these pesticides can affect the health of subsequent adult individuals.
Geração de romaneios otimizados para consolidação de cargas na distribuição de mercadorias com a utilização de frota subcontratada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-03)
Vieira, Thiago José dos Santos
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Munari, Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328868140869976
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853017869854389
This Master’s thesis addresses the freight consolidation integrated to the generation of cargo packing lists, from the operational perspective of an outsourced fleet in road transport with the use of freight FOB (Free on Board). The cargo packing list is a document used in cargo transportation and its purpose is to list the delivery information regarding the invoices of the goods to be dispatched. The problem consists of how to best arrange the loads in the different types of vehicles of the contracted carriers, besides having to respect the collection and redispatch processing capacities, in order to obtain cargo packing lists with the lowest total cost of distribution. These allocation decisions involve a price table, consisting of several price rules, rates and taxes, defined according to the number of deliveries in the cargo packing list and the individual weight of the cargoes to be sent. This causes a piecewise linear behavior in the cost function, requiring its full linearization to be solved as an Integer Linear Programming Problem. This case can be seen as an extension of the classic Bin-Packing Problem, in which each bin to be occupied individually has its utility value manifested as piecewise linear. Motivated by this practical and theoretical context, and because it is also a subject little explored in the literature, the focus of this research is to propose models and solution methods that are effective in supporting decision-making in practice. In addition to solving the proposed models using general-purpose optimization software, we develop constructive heuristics based on these models, as well as on reformulations obtained through the Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition. To verify the adequacy and coherence of these approaches, computational experiments were carried out with real data provided by a manufacturer of school supplies that collaborated in the development of this research. The obtained results revealed a high potential for application of the models for reducing costs in the practice, where reductions of more than 45% were observed in the analyzed scenarios when comparing them with the company's history. The heuristic methods also proved effective for the situation in question, offering quality solutions, yet being 96% faster on average than using exact methods.
Estudo dos efeitos antiangiogênicos da desintegrina-símile Alternagina-C (ALT-C) em células endoteliais (HUVEC), tendo como alvo a integrina α2β1
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-04)
Santos, Patty Karina dos
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Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1859294987166162
Angiogenesis is a crucial process in tumor progression, and it is mainly regulated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, VEGFR2. Studies have shown that VEGF/VEGFR2 axis signaling is directly associated with functional responses of integrins in endothelial cells (crosstalk). Alternagin-C (ALT-C), a disintegrin-like protein from Bothrops alternatus snake venom, has high affinity for α2β1 integrin, interfering in cell adhesion, proliferation and migration, besides modulating angiogenesis in a concentration-dependent form by a not completely understood mechanism. Here we evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of ALT-C in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) associated or not with VEGF, as well as its interference in α2β1/VEGFR2 crosstalk. ALT-C was purified from B. alternatus venom and 1000 nM of the protein was tested in several in vitro experiments using HUVECs. ALT-C strongly inhibited HUVEC tube formation and decreased VEGFR2 and α2β1 protein levels. The disintegrin-like protein affected actin cytoskeleton, decreasing the number of cell filopodia, inhibiting HUVEC adhesion to collagen I and cell migration. ALT-C interfered in ERK 1/2, PI3K and FAK-Src/paxillin pathways, besides inducing autophagy, resulting in inhibition of the angiogenic process. Additionally, co-localization and surface plasmon resonance assays demonstrated that ALT-C interacts with α2β1 and VEGFR2, respectively, having a 10-fold higher affinity for the integrin. All these results suggest that ALT-C, after binding to α2β1 integrin, inhibits VEGF signaling by interfering in the α2β1/VEGFR2 crosstalk, which results in angiogenesis impairment. We conclude that ALT-C is a potential candidate for the development of antiangiogenic therapies for tumor and metastatic treatment.
Organização partidária e coordenação eleitoral no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-04)
Souza, Fabiana Cristina dos Santos de
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Ribeiro, Pedro José Floriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6336151484882362
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4653921266247913
Faced with the importance of parties for the consummation of democratic regimes, some issues emerge in relation to their functioning, mainly related to how decisions are made within the consortia. Thus, the central objective of this research is to analyze the political parties through their internal organization, since, as Panebianco (2005) points out, the parties must, first, be understood as organizations that vow to occupy the government and the legislative. The key question that permeates the analysis is how party strategy, nationalization or provincialization, whether pure or national, focuses on the chances of a party launching nominations for governors and senators in national elections, as well as sewing agreements elections? The intention is to understand how the parties outline their electoral strategies according to the autonomy or centralization granted to subnational bodies. The proposed cut includes the six main Brazilian parties: PT, PSDB, PMDB, PSB and DEM, analyzing the elections that took place in 2010, 2014 and 2018 for governors and federal deputies of the 27 Brazilian states. The hypothesis is that the launch of presidential candidacies corroborates the adoption of a presidential strategy, causing the national summit to centralize the process of launching candidatures for Governor and Senator, seeking support at the national level. Thus, parties directly involved in the PT and PSDB presidential elections together with the DEM, which traditionally is a source of support for the latter, and the traditional PT partner PSB would impose further restrictions on the state summit by establishing certain options for partisan coalitions in the states as well as in the launching of applications, in view of the national scenario. The PMDB seeks through the state elections to nationalize their votes, which incurs greater autonomy at the state levels of the party. To test the hypothesis will be observed the electoral resolutions of the parties, which dictate the main guidelines that guide them in the national elections.
Produção científica do periódico Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional no período de 2012 a 2017: um estudo bibliométrico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-04)
Santarpio, Éder José
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Hayashi, Carlos Roberto Massao
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136586124586219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3135584595001001
Introduction: Scientific communication is an important stage in the production of knowledge, as it is through it that the process of knowledge transmission occurs. Among formal communications, scientific journals occupy a prominent place, as it is one of the main and most widespread means of scientific communication. Because it is one of the main means of scientific communication, the scientific journal becomes an object of extreme importance for bibliometric studies. Bibliometrically evaluating a given scientific journal allows to reveal, by obtaining indicators, certain characteristics that will serve as a basis for the representation of the scientific field linked to the journal. Objective: the study has as its general objective to map knowledge production in Occupational Therapy in the journal Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy, between the years 2012 to 2017, through the bibliometric approach. Methodology: Based on the objectives, the research can be classified as exploratory and descriptive with a quantitative and qualitative approach (multimethod). The research was developed in the following stages: 1) Construction of the theoretical framework - Scientific communication; the role of journals in the formal scientific communication process; bibliometry; Science, Technology and Society. 2) Elaboration of the collection protocol and the definition of the technological resources used in the study. 3) Data collection: Data were collected for 417 articles, 26 articles from dossiers and 25 editorials published in the journal Brazilian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 4) To store the data, Microsoft Office Excel® and Microsoft Office Word® spreadsheets were used. Vantage Point® software, scriptLattes and Microsoft Office Excel® were used to process the collected data. Results and Conclusions: It was found that the area has multidisciplinary characteristics, but most are linked to the large area of Health; the predominance of females in the area of Occupational Therapy was confirmed; a collaborative authorship process was identified; with regard to the authors' productivity, it was possible to verify that there is a low dispersion in relation to their productivity. It was possible to identify the internationalization of the journal and, as a consequence, the influence of foreign research on it; the results revealed that the majority of authors are linked to Public Institutions of Higher Education. We can conclude, based on the data of this research, the relevance of this journal for the area of Occupational Therapy in Brazil.
Desenvolvimento de processos tecnológicos para preservação e descontaminação de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-04)
Perez, Shirly Marleny Lara
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Blanco, Kate Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9029359807019219
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Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4947860249518663
Contamination of foods caused by microorganisms occurs through their handling and or processing, which can change their physical-chemical characteristics and decrease shelf life, and cause infection. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of gaseous ozone (O3) and to the combination of ultraviolet light and aqueous ozone, to analyze the best protocol that makes it available to inactivate bacteria contained superficially on beef with in natura contaminations and by Escherichia coli. A prototype for gaseous ozone was designed, and the evaluation in inert samples submitted to gaseous ozone decreased around 3,88 Log (CFU / cm2) of E. Coli in 30 minutes, and for beef samples with in natura contamination, the microbial reduction was 50% after 10 minutes. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the microbiological behavior of the meat simulating exposure situations in the 12-hour butcher shop, the results showed that in the 30 minutes exposure time there was a reduction of 2,18 Log (CFU / cm2), and in the second refrigeration the load was inactivated, however, the control sample under equal temperature conditions and without treatment had a proliferation of 1,7 Log (CFU / cm2). To evaluate the combined treatments of ozone in aqueous phase and ultraviolet light, the equipment was built and tested against E. coli on contaminated beef. Samples were added to 10 repetitive cycles for the combined and isolated treatments. For the isolated treatment of ultraviolet light, a reduction of 1.3 Log (CFU / cm²) was obtained at the end of cycles and for the ozone treatment, there was no significant difference in microbial inactivation (p <0,05), but there was a difference for the final control sample of the experiment, which grew by 0,6 Log (CFU / cm²), the combined cycles showed similar inactivation of 0,7 Log (CFU / cm²) approximately and all combined and isolated treatments showed food preservation avoiding the exponential proliferation of microorganisms. The organoleptic properties of the meat were evaluated after the treatments, the pH was checked, the protein quantified by the Bradford method, and TBARS tests were performed for both prototypes and gaseous ozone, histological slides were also analyzed for structural damage and water holding capacity. Organoleptic evaluations did not show significant differences about the control samples, for both technologies; gaseous ozone and combination of ultraviolet light and aqueous ozone and showing potential for decontamination of food without deteriorating its quality.
A dinâmica da ciência e da tecnologia nos intercâmbios entre Brasil e China: o caso dos Institutos Confúcio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Martinelli, Marina
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Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9368198175936317
THE DYNAMICS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN EXCHANGES BETWEEN BRAZIL AND CHINA: THE CASE OF CONFUCIO INSTITUTES IN BRAZIL This work addressed the topic of academic exchange between Brazil and China, specifically the case of Confucius Institutes in Brazil, through the investigation of the experiences of UNESP and UNICAMP. The objective was to understand how CIs contribute to academic exchange in the area of economic and cultural cooperation between Brazil and China and how these particular relations contribute to the social stratification of those two countries, affecting Brazil's social structure in particular. In the other hand, understanding how the dynamics of Science and Technology works in the production of a globalized elite that will lead a new way of acting, which will influence the direction of the future of life in society. The instruments through which these young people are working and how to democratize this category were studied through the Confucius Institutes. In this research, bibliographic and bibliometric research was done; the websites of the CIs of UNESP and UNICAMP were analyzed; documents produced by the CIs were analyzed; a questionnaire was applied for semi-structured interviews with the directors of CIs, key people and exchange students, through a multi-method methodology, which combines quantitative and qualitative researches, through a macrophysical and microphysical look. The justification is found in the political, cultural and economic movement provided by Brazil - China relations, through the BRICS. The Ciência Sem Fronteiras, Idioma Sem Fronteiras and Paraná Fala Inglês programs were studied because they are the most recent models of Brazilian exchange, although CIs are closely linked to programs such as those of the Goethe and Cervantes Institute, only institutionally, rooted in the universities. Brazil has 12 CIs and none of them intends to indoctrinate Confucianism, but rather to spread the Mandarin language, therefore, the experience has demonstrated the importance of a truly bilateral assessment of tasks in the face of Chinese soft power.
Caracterização de rizobactérias associadas à Solanum lycocarpum St. Hil. quanto ao potencial biotecnológico para promoção de crescimento vegetal, enzimas e agentes antimicrobianos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Lisboa, Paulo Henrique Gomes
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
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Lacava, Paulo Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750
Solanum lycocarpum St. Hil., endemic plant of the Brazilian tropical savanna, known as the “Cerrado”, has been studied for its medicinal properties and for having the ability to grow in acidic and nutrient-poor lands, attracting interest in the investigation of its rhizospheric microbiota, which includes plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Industrial enzymes and antibiotics can also be obtained from them. In this work, the biological nitrogen fixation capacity was tested in NFb semi-solid culture medium and 32.6% of the isolates showing positive results. In the inorganic phosphate solubilization tests, 45.8% of the isolates demonstrated this capacity in nutrient agar supplemented with insoluble phosphate. The solubilization index (SI) for calcium phosphate by the bacterial isolates grown in solid medium varied from 0 to 4.833. All bacteria produced indole acetic acid (ranging from 0.07 μg.mL-1 to 134.1 μg.mL-1) in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) 10% + L-tryptophan medium. In assays against pathogens, antagonistic activity was demonstrated against a spectrum of fourteen phytopathogenic fungi through the technique of direct pairing in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium and three clinical pathogens using the agar block method. The bacterial isolates were striated in special mediums whose carbon sources were substrates of the enzymes in the enzyme activity assays and 88.4% of them had at least one of these activities. The best isolates were identified by partial sequencing of the 16S gene as belonging to the genera Bacillus, Burkholderia and Microbacterium.
A dimensão relacional entre curadoria digital e metadados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Triques, Maria Lígia
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Arakaki, Ana Carolina Simionato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896600626524397
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9360108532923377
The amount and variety of data associated with cultural heritage have grown significantly in digital environments, generating a diversity of possibilities and challenges related to information representation, especially in studies focused on digital curation. In the Web environment, there is need for data informational treatment to take into account, in addition to all the stages through which they circulate, the ability to guarantee their informational purposes. In this scenario, digital curation is highlighted as an interdisciplinary activity that seeks to establish guidelines not only to maintain and preserve informational resources but also to ensure that data are continuously consistent with their informational purposes. To achieve this goal, digital curation adds value to data through the representation of information from metadata. Thus, this study questions how metadata influence digital curation actions and aims analyze the relationship between metadata and digital curation. This theoretical qualitative study was carried out through bibliographic survey and exploratory systematization, also using a documentary study of the Europeana platform to exemplifying digital curation and data representation, in this case, cultural heritage data made available on the Web environment. Results showed that digital curation seeks, through the process of adding informational value, to enrich data in such a way as to facilitate sharing and reuse. Therefore, it was found that metadata influence digital curation actions to the extent that these elements enable explanation of the semantic definitions necessary for communication within the management process, mainly in an automated way. In the end, the study about the Europeana platform provided the basis for the results, demonstrating how metadata, through instruments, principles, models and technologies, allows the semantic context of informational resources of cultural heritage to be ensured. In conclusion, the importance of metadata for digital curation is perceived not only as an essential factor to guarantee planning and execution of its actions, but mainly to allow digital resources to have their informational purpose assured and remain with quality and reliability for long-term access, use and reuse.
Habilidades sociais e adaptação da criança à pré-escola: concepções e habilidades sociais de educadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Alho, Naara de Oliveira Gonçalves
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9891697288291700.
School enrollment is a crucial moment in child development. The adaptation process in this space has been the object of theorization and research. School adaptation at this stage was understood from Bronfenbrenner’s concept of ecological transition, as a process of acquiring new social roles and affective bonds, established in order to provide mutual trust, favoring and influencing development, in addition to experiences that allow the formation and maintenance of psychic, cognitive and social skills. An important resource in adaptation is the child’s social skills repertoire to make friends, demonstrate empathy, self-control, emotional expressiveness, civility, assertiveness, solving interpersonal problems. In Brazilian literature, there are still few studies that have investigated the child’s adaptation period to school, particularly regarding the influence of social skills on the child’s insertion in school. The objectives of this study were to characterize the repertoire of social skills of children in pre-school age, to establish the relationship with indicators of adaptation to school, as well as to identify favorable and unfavorable indicators for school adaptation with an emphasis on teacher’s educational conceptions and social skills. Three schools were selected, two public ando one private, 4 teachers from these institutions and 10 children aged between 4 and 4 years and 6 months. For data collection, a Protocol for Observation of School Adaptation (PROAE) was prepared, which was completed by the teachers during the child’s first 4 weeks at school and in the first 3 months. The teachers and guardians of the children responded to the Scale of Social Behaviors of Preschoolers (PKBS-BR). Teachers and parents also answered a questionnaire with questions about how they conceived school adaptation and the Inventory of Social Educational Skills (IHSE-Prof). The data were computed in scores, organized in SPSS 25.0 spreadsheets and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that children who had problems with school adaptation over 4 weeks and in the general evaluation of 3 months had worse repertoire of social skills and their teachers had a deficit or a lower average in terms of educational social skills, this data corroborates with some studies in the literature that have shown that children with a worse repertoire of social skills, have more problems for psychosocial adjustment. The responses of teachers and parents about school adaptation differed in some aspects, such as, for example, regarding the concept of school adaptation, parents associated adaptation as something geared to the child’s ability to adjust to the new environment, to behave well and demonstrate emotional well-being, while the teachers included their own performances and abilities to deal with this period. Some methodological and educational implications of the results were discussed, suggesting intervention planning based on them.
A criança como leitora, suas representações e significações: práticas de letramento em uma sala de educação infantil na Unidade de Atendimento à Criança – UAC - UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Hermann, Amanda dos Reis
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Zuin, Poliana Bruno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0389350936548546
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8719958510398247
The present Master's research aimed to investigate the ways in which the child in Early Childhood Education, aged between 3 and 4 years of age, constitutes itself as a reader through literacy practices experienced during school routines. The specific goals were: I. To identify how this process occurs, through literacy practices established by the class’ teacher, such as reading and conversation circles, dialogue with the children, contact with the various discourse genres, projects and world experiences; II. To analyze how they read and what they understand; III. To check how the reading of images and the retrieval of already read stories are retold by them; IV. To investigate which linguistic marks are used by them in the story telling of different discourse genres, and V. To investigate which the teacher’s actions provide literacy in a child of during the small childhood. Our theoretical reference is based on the Philosophy of Language (BAKHTIN, 2003, 2011), Historical-Cultural Psychology (VYGOTSKY, 1982, 1996, 2005, 2009; LURIA, 2000, 2005; LEONTIEV, 2005), Critical-Libertarian Pedagogy (FREIRE , 2005, 2009, 2011) and studies about Literacy (KLEIMAN, 1995, 2005, 2009; ROJO, 1995; TFOUNI, 1995; SOARES, 2003, 2010, 2017). In order to answer the objectives proposed in this study and based on the theoretical reference mentioned above, a field research with a qualitative focus was carried out. 12 insertions were made in a classroom at the Child Care Unit - UAC-UFSCar, with children between the ages of 3 and 4, during the second semester of the year 2018. To constitute the corpus of this work, the following data collection instruments were used: observation in locus, registers, filming, photographs and analysis of documents. The data analysis pointed out that the children signified and re-signified the readings based on literacy practices carried out by the teacher, and they had as mediator elements: memory reading, imitation reading, taking as a model those who had read to them, the oral retelling, the image reading and the reading by interpretation and the world reading. It is interesting to point out that the readings also occurred in the representations through games, social roles and drawings.
Avaliação da secagem convectiva de resíduos da indústria cervejeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Pinto, Guilherme Henrique Alves
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Freire, Fábio Bentes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8937961078558996
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6919620534872525
Brazil is the third largest beer producer in the world, with an estimated production of 14.1 billion liters of the product for the year 2018, generating several co-products throughout the process, being brewer’s spent grain and spent yeast the main ones. The reuse of these materials is more interesting from the economic and logistical point of view in relation to the usual destination, however it is necessary to understand their drying to make their new destination viable. The present work aimed to evaluate the operational feasibility of reducing the humidity of both materials through convective drying, applying different dryers for each co-product. To malt bagasse drying was used a system consisting of a rotary pan with a capacity of 10 liters associated with a blower responsible for the hot air supply. It was evaluated how the drying kinetics, temperature profile, specifically the temperature on the inner surface, Tw, and the spent grain temperature, Ts, and the solids circulation intensity were affected by the dryer operational conditions, specifically the air temperature at the blower outlet, TaE, the spent grain mass added to the system, ms, and the pan rotation, Ωdrag. For this purpose, two different values were used for each parameter, TaE=67.7 and 101.2 °C, ms,0=1.0 and 1.5 kg, and Ωdrag=25.1 and 33.9 rpm. The drying tests were carried out until the dynamic equilibrium moisture content was reached. It was necessary 180 minutes of drying to achieve dynamic equilibrium with TaE = 101.2 °C and ms,0=1.0 kg, while for TaE=67.7 ° C and ms,0=1.5 kg were necessary 420 minutes of drying, being noticed a significant influence of TaE and ms,0 on the kinetics. By modifying Ωdrag maintaining TaE and ms, dynamic equilibrium was achieved at the same drying time, with no significant influence of Ωdrag on the process. The solids circulation, Ωs, presented a parabolic profile with a minimum value of approximately 16 rpm at the beginning and end of drying and a maximum value of approximately 27 rpm in the intermediate periods. As the dryer rotation remains constant throughout the operation, it was concluded that the bed properties modifications, mainly spent grain moisture, induced the profile observed for Ωs. Tests were carried out using the centrifugal method to relate the adhesion force between the dryer surface and the spent grain with its moisture content, being observed forces of greater intensity for the material in its original conditions and practically null forces with a completely dry material, behavior commonly observed in materials in which the capillarity effects predominate in surfaces contact. The temperature profile showed a behavior that could be divided into three distinct periods, a period corresponding to the beginning of drying, in which the dryer surface and spent grain were in thermal equilibrium, with Tw approximately equal to Ts, an intermediate period, in which Tw was greater than Ts, and a third period corresponding to the end of drying, in which Tw was lower than Ts. It was possible to conclude that the adhesion between the spent grain and the surface also caused this temperature behavior, especially in the first period, when the stronger contact between the phases by capillarity provided the thermal equilibrium. It was concluded that the spent grain adhesion to the dryer surface affected its operation, especially in the particles circulation and the temperature profile. In the spent yeast drying, a vibrofluidized bed dryer was used, fixing the vibrational conditions, A=0.015 m and f=500 rpm, and the paste feeding at 14 mL/min, varying the drying air temperature at 80 or 100 °C, the mass of glass spheres at 0.5 or 1.5 kg and the superficial velocity of the fluid at 1.5umf and 1.2umf to evaluate the effect of these parameters on product formation, material accumulation, fluid dynamics of the bed and product quality. Each drying test was conducted for 30 minutes, followed by 30 minutes with no paste feeding for the dry material detachment. There was a change in the fluid dynamics curve for different inert masses, with a reduction in the minimum fluidization velocity and in the pressure drop with a lower static bed height. For 1.5 kg of inert, 80 °C and 1.2 umf, no product formation was observed, unlike the other tests with different operational conditions, evidencing their influence on the production rate, the highest rate, 0.263 g/min of dry poder, was observed using na inert mass of 1.5 kg and air feeding at 1.2 umf and 100 °C. However, the production rates achieved were considerably small compared to the paste feed. At the end of drying, it was possible to observe a low detachment of material from the inert surface, maximum 0.532 g/min. Thus, most of the material fed into the dryer remained attached to the inert and chamber wall, indicating that the material detachment limited the operation. Drying was sufficient to reduce the moisture content, from 90.63% on a wet basis to a maximum of 8.12%. For each test, the product moisture content for 10 to 20 minutes of drying was higher than that obtained in the initial and final 10 minutes. It was not possible to obtain a clear relationship between the product’s cell viability and the operational conditions.
Currículo e Base Nacional Comum Curricular: o processo de implementação na rede estadual paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Nascimento, Rodrigo Rios
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
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Faria, Paulo Cezar de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3630521378837174
This research aims to analyze the Brazilian learning standards known as Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) – following as a normative document that guides the formulation of curricula - and its implementation process in the public education network of the state of São Paulo, as well as the elaboration of the São Paulo curriculum (CP), which emerged as its unfolding. The theoretical reference is based in Sacristan (2017), which understands the curriculum in a procedural dimension, that links practices and configures them, presenting curricular concepts such as cultural selection, the prescribed curriculum and the curriculum offered to teachers. The method included a documentary survey (Gil, 2007) based on the BNCC and the Curriculum of the State of São Paulo, and the analysis of semi-structured interviews with teachers, managers of school boards and public schools. It is based on the textual discursive review (Moraes and Galiazzi, 2016) to understand the interviewees ' lines on aspects of BNCC and CP. It was possible to observe that BNCC, as a normative document, can guide the formulation of regional curricula, as mentioned in CP confirming the hypothesis of this investigation; and have implications on the production of educational material that supervises the pedagogical practice, by the Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD). In conclusion, the process of implementation in the public education network of the state of São Paulo may not be satisfactory in virtue of the comprehension and expectations from some educational agents about the BNCC and the CP, itself. However, the topic has high relevance in the Brazilian education scenario because it is a latent and urgent topic, considering that the BNCC will have implications in the (re)reorganization of regional and local curricula in a country with great regional diversities. This research aims to analyze the Brazilian learning standards known as Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) – following as a normative document that guides the formulation of curricula - and its implementation process in the public education network of the state of São Paulo, as well as the elaboration of the São Paulo curriculum (CP), which emerged as its unfolding. The theoretical reference is based in Sacristan (2017), which understands the curriculum in a procedural dimension, that links practices and configures them, presenting curricular concepts such as cultural selection, the prescribed curriculum and the curriculum offered to teachers. The method included a documentary survey (Gil, 2007) based on the BNCC and the Curriculum of the State of São Paulo, and the analysis of semi-structured interviews with teachers, managers of school boards and public schools. It is based on the textual discursive review (Moraes and Galiazzi, 2016) to understand the interviewees ' lines on aspects of BNCC and CP. It was possible to observe that BNCC, as a normative document, can guide the formulation of regional curricula, as mentioned in CP confirming the hypothesis of this investigation; and have implications on the production of educational material that supervises the pedagogical practice, by the Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD). In conclusion, the process of implementation in the public education network of the state of São Paulo may not be satisfactory in virtue of the comprehension and expectations from some educational agents about the BNCC and the CP, itself. However, the topic has high relevance in the Brazilian education scenario because it is a latent and urgent topic, considering that the BNCC will have implications in the (re)reorganization of regional and local curricula in a country with great regional diversities.
A inativação química do córtex cingulado anterior e da ínsula reverte a ansiedade em camundongos expostos ao modelo de empatia induzida pela nocicepção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-05)
Cezar, Giovana Benassi
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7886063932893257
Empathy is characterized by the ability to recognize and respond to the emotional signals of others, being a crucial factor in the emotional experience and social interaction, allowing humans, as well as other species, to detect affective states of others. In this sense, recent studies have shown that cohabitation with an animal with chronic pain induces increased nociception and anxiety in the partner, that is, in the observer. These results reinforce the assumption that responses related to anxiety make it possible to identify the existence of emotional responses, which may be related to empathy. Evidence has suggested the involvement of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula in the modulation of anxiety. However, no study has evaluated whether these structures participate in the increased anxiety factor observed in mice living with their partner with chronic pain. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of reversible inactivation of ACC and insula on the modulation of anxiety induced by the empathy model in mice exposed to the elevated plus-maze (EPM). For this, male Swiss mice (n = 10-12/group), 21 days after birth, were housed in pairs to establish familiarity. On the 14th day of cohabitation, one of the animals of the pair underwent surgery for sciatic nerve constriction (NC) or surgery without nerve constriction (Sham). On the 23rd day, cagemates were submitted to stereotactic surgery for implantation of guide cannulas directed to the CCA (experiment 1) or to the insula (experiment 2). On the 28th day, cagemates (CNC and CS) that lived with their respective NC and Sham groups received bilateral intra-CCA or intra-insular saline or cobalt chloride (CoCl2) (reversible and non-selective synaptic blocker) injections, and after five minutes they were exposed to the EPM. The t test for independent samples showed that in Experiments 1 and 2, the NC mice submitted to the hot plate test showed decreased paw withdrawal latency when compared to the Sham mice. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan test revealed that cohabitation with nociception mice produced an increased anxiety response in observers, confirming previous results in the literature. The chemical inactivation of the CCA and the insula produced an increased percentage of entries and time spent in the open arms, without altering the entries in the closed arms of the LCE. Furthermore, it also decreased the display of risk assessment behaviors, such as percentage of time in the center, percentage of head-dipping and percentage of protected stretched attend postures and total of stretched attend postures in experiment 1; and in experiment 2, decreased the percentage of head-dipping and protected stretched attend postures, and the total of head-dipping and stretched attend postures, which suggests a decrease in anxiety-like behaviors. The results suggest that the inactivation of the CCA and the insula reverses the display of anxiety-like behaviors in mice submitted to the empathy model evaluated in the LCE. In addition, they indicate that these structures are essential for the display of anxious behaviors induced by emotional contagion, assessed through cohabitation with animals subjected to neuropathic pain.