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Outras cartografias: a narração de espaços e sujeitos à margem em romances de Conceição Evaristo e Maria Valéria Rezende
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Silveira, Raquel Mariane da
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Rocha, Rejane Cristina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8406846983915506
This dissertation presents a study about the novels Becos da memória (2006), by Conceição Evaristo, and Quarenta dias (2014), by Maria Valéria Rezende, in which the spoiled identities of the ongoing urbanization process in Brazil are represented. Such identities and the spaces they are relegated to are presented, in both works, from the perspective of their narrators, whose social perspectives and places of speech – in the terms of Young (2006) and Ribeiro (2019), respectively – are notably distinct and offer unique spatial representations. The main objective of this work becomes, therefore, to analyze how the narrative spatiality is constructed in the two novels, through an approach that prioritizes the interconnection between the represented spaces and the narrative voices that present them, whose subjectivities are configured as filters under which the fictional architecture is outlined. It seeks to examine, through this analysis, the different narrative strategies mobilized by Evaristo and Rezende in the representation of spaces on the margins in two metropolises: Belo Horizonte’s slum in Becos da memória, and the slum and suburbs of Porto Alegre in Quarenta dias. For this purpose, in addition to the narrative focus, the configuration of the represented spaces is considered, in terms of their positioning, the circumscribed temporality (ies) and their (anti) aesthetics. Understanding the nature of these spaces and, mainly, the way they are represented, makes it possible to outline the subjectivities of the narrators, as also the communities that are there, which make up the horizon of literary cartography.
Automated analysis of leukocyte recruitment for in vivo studies using a spatiotemporal approach and multiple image features
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Silva, Bruno César Gregório da
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Ferrari, Ricardo José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8460861175344306
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2966688106360375
Over the last few years, many researchers have directed their efforts and interests toward in vivo studies of the cellular and molecular mechanisms in the microcirculation of many tissues under different inflammatory conditions. These studies’ main goal is to develop more effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Leukocyte recruitment analysis is a crucial step to understand the interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells in the microcirculation of living animals. Performed preferably by the intravital video microscopy (IVM) technique, this procedure usually requires an expert to perform visual analysis, which is prone to the inter- and intra-observer variability, besides being a tedious and time-consuming task. This problem claims, therefore, an automated method to detect and track these cells. To this end, this work aims to study and develop computational techniques for the detection and tracking of leukocytes in IVM images. We proposed an automatic computational pipeline where, after a preprocessing stage, we combined the results of frame-basis detection (2D – spatial processing) with those from three-dimensional analysis (3D=2D+t – spatiotemporal processing) of volumetric images formed by stacking all the video frames. While the 2D processing focuses on leukocytes detection without worrying about their tracking, 2D+t processing was intended to assist in the dynamic analysis of cell movement (tracking). We tested three different detection approaches for the spatial processing, named as MTM-PCA, MTM-DCNN, and DCNN. Our results were obtained by qualitative and quantitative evaluations performed over six different IVM videos, where the detected cells were compared with the manual annotations of an expert. They showed the combination of these both processing stages minimized most of the problems involved in IVM cell detection and tracking, such as cell occlusion and the proper discrimination of cell trajectories.
Invariantes de singularidades em característica positiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Vilca, Devis Ordoño
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Okamoto, Bruna Oréfice
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6824383277098012
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6103449091067406
This dissertation mainly follows the works of \cite{Gr2} and \cite{Gr5}. Considering $\mathbb{K}$ a field, algebraically closed with positive characteristic, we presented invariants of singularities in $\mathbb{K}[[\underline{x}]],$ the local $\mathbb{K}$- algebra of the formal power series, such as Milnor and Tjurina numbers. Two equivalence relations are defined on $\mathbb{K}[[\underline{x}]]$, right equivalence and contact equivalence. The concept of finite determinancy of $f\in\mathbb{K}[[\underline{x}]]$ is defined with respect to those equivalence relations, the finite determinancy is also expressed in terms of the Milnor and Tjurina numbers. We show that a necessary condition for $f\!\in\!\mathbb{K}[[\underline{x}]]$ to be finitely determined by the right (respectively contact) is that it has an isolated singularity (respectively is a hypersurface with isolated singularity); the necessary condition is based on a technical lemma considering $\mathbb{K}[[\underline{x}]]$ with the $\mathfrak{m}$-adic topology. Finally, considering that the orbit application, in general, is not separable in positive characteristic, it is proved that the condition is also sufficient.
Diversidade genética e estruturação populacional do tatu-canastra (Priodontes maximus) em uma área do Centro-Oeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Rodrigues, Nayra Taveira
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7220999637124580
The giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus, is a neotropical mammal that belongs to the Xenarthra superorder. The species is widely distributed in nine countries in South America. Although its distribution is wide, it occurs in low densities in most areas. P. maximus is listed as "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species due to a recent population decline caused by anthropic actions. Knowledge of the population's genetic structure and diversity is an essential issue that must be considered when proposing conservation actions, however, those data are not available for this specie. Thus, the present study represents the first population genetic work and aims to investigate the distribution of the genetic diversity of P. maximus, in the Midwest region of Brazil, covering areas in the Pantanal and Cerrado biomes. We used 14 microsatellite markers selected by new generation sequencing and amplified in 41 samples of giant armadillos collected in the study area. The microsatellites developed in this work proved to be useful for the genetic studies carried out. The results of spatial Bayesian grouping indicated the presence of two clusters (K = 2) within the sample, separating individuals from Cerrado and Pantanal. We found moderate levels of heterozygosity expected in the two clusters, however, both groups showed low allelic diversity and effective allele number, which may reflect the recent population reduction described for the species. The development of these specific microsatellites opens the possibility for further population studies on P. maximus, including the populations found in the remnants of the Atlantic Forest, where the species is at great risk of local extinction. The data obtained in the present study also provide important information for understanding the ecology of these animals and can be used in species management plans.
Proposição de áreas prioritárias à restauração florestal visando o redesenho da paisagem na Amazônia Mato-Grossense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Soares, Diego Ruiz
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Oliveira, Renata Evangelista de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6777223792862756
;
Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio de
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0854609216769461
Deforestation and fragmentation of tropical forests results in an agromosaic composed of forest remnants in an anthropized matrix. Restoration actions are essential in order to reestablish connectivity between fragments, in addition to rethinking the productive matrix that promotes contributions to ecosystems and the farmers inserted there. The objective of this work was to evaluate a landscape redesign based on proposals for priority areas for forest restoration, aiming at increasing the structural connectivity of the landscape and protection of water resources in the watershed of Ribeirão Pingo de Ouro, Nova Canaã do Norte, MT. The temporal evolution of forest cover in the microbasin was characterized, basead on orbital images from 1984 to 2019. From the digital elevation model, information plans for the área were constructed and was made a multicriterial evaluation (weighted linear combination method - WLC) in GIS environment, with a focus on prioritizing areas for forest restoration, using as criteria the topographic moisture index (TWI), the proximity of forest fragments larger than 1 ha) and the slope of the terrain. The scenarios with restoration of the most priority areas were analyzed according to contributions to the spatial structure of the landscape (metrics and landscape indexes) and to the protection of water resources. Visits were also made to twenty farming families in the Settlement Project Veraneio (where the watershed under study is partially inserted), who built, based on orbital images, maps of current agricultural uses on rural properties and possible changes in the systems of production and insertion of tree components. The priority areas obtained via WLC and inserted only in the properties visited and those subject to alterations indicated by the interviewees were evaluated comparatively from their spatial structure and protection of water resources. The microbasin is inserted into the regional historical context of converting the forest to areas of agricultural use, with pastures currently composing the landscape matrix. The use of the CLP promoted the categorization of priority areas for restoration in an efficient manner, indicating 9% of the watershed as areas with high and very high priority, contributing to the reduction of the isolation of forest fragments and the increase of structural connectivity of the landscape, in addition to identifying areas with greater potential for water saturation and intermittent and ephemeral channels, important elements from the point of view of the conservation of water resources. TWI was more important among the criteria, being relevant for the identification of hydrologically important areas. The adoption of silvopastoral systems was the main change pointed out by farmers, and, with less emphasis, the restoration of permanent preservation areas (natural regeneration and / or assisted using conventional or agroforestry systems) was also identified. In terms of increased forest cover and structural connectivity of the landscape, the scenario of restoration of these areas has intermediate contributions between the scenario with restoration of areas with very high priority and the one with high and very high priorities combined. The dominant presence of conventional pastures in the watershed requires reflections on the multifunctionality and conservation of biodiversity in agro-ecosystems. The changes in the landscape, both those mentioned by farmers and differentiated management in the areas that are the most important to restoration, have the potential to generate a more diverse and multifunctional agromosaic product, with greater sustainability of agricultural activity and gains for rural producers, in addition to increased coverage forestry and structural connectivity of the landscape.
O papel do circuito hipocampo ventral - córtex pré-frontal medial na memória de reconhecimento e espacial (recente e remota) de ratos wistar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Crestani, Ariela Maltarolo
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Girardi, Carlos Eduardo Neves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0014777128958249
;
Florindo, Luiz Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797832406818407
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus (HPC) have well-established roles in processing memories. Ventral portion of the HPC (vHPC) and mPFC have reciprocal connections and seems to be involved with processing recent memories (HPC) and consolidating into remote cortical memories. Recent discoveries demonstrate the existence of functional lateralization of the mPFC associated with modulation of anxiogenic states and decision making. Yet, little is known about the possible lateralization of the mPFC and HPC as memory modulator. So, present work aimed to evaluate the involvement of the HPC-mPFC circuit in processing memory in behavioral paradigms, and to verify the possible functional lateralization of its individual parts and the circuit. Therefore, experiments with bilateral, right or left HPCv (experiment I), CPFm (experiment II) and HPC-CPFm circuit (experiment III) were carried out in rats submitted to the Morris Water Maze (MWM), object recognition and T-maze, to assess recent and remote memory. Data revealed that none of the experimental groups showed impaired locomotion, and recognition memory was intact regardless of experimental manipulation. vHPC injuries did not affect the animals' performance in spatial trainings in the MWM or the ability to recall recent memories; however, animals with bilateral vHPC lesion had impaired remote memory recall. No deficit was observed in T-maze, regardless of vHPC lesion. In experiment II; animals acquired spatial navigation in MWM and recalled recent memories, regardless of the injury. Any lesion in mPFC compromised animal’s ability to recall remote memories in MWM, whereas still evoked newly acquired memories. mPFC lesions (uni or bilateral) impaired animal’s performance in T maze. Finally, results from experiment III indicated that ipsilateral lesion (right or left) of HPC-mPFC circuit impaired the animals' performance even during acquisition phase in MWM and the recall of recently and remotely acquired memories in the same paradigm. Also, acquisition of spatial information in T maze were impaired. No evidence of lateralization was shown. Thus, HPC-CPFm pathway seems to be essential for processing spatial memories. Still, HPC showed involvement in recalling remote memories; whereas acquisition of new memories and recall of newly acquired memories were not affected when CPFm was preserved. CPFm presented the same responses pattern as HPC when assessing spatial memory in LAM; however, it seems to be a key structure in tasks involving decision making and reinforced behaviors; since lesion only in this region led to impairments in T maze.
Como políticas públicas de inclusão representativa de mulheres entram na agenda decisória? agendas, alternativas e a Minirreforma Eleitoral de 2009
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Machado, Daniel Baldin
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Rodrigues, Lidiane Soares
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5343968646005766
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212296811209672
The objective of this study is to comprehend how policies designed to improve women’s political representation are inserted in the decision agenda, by conducting a case study of a significant proposal in the Brazilian political history: the bill 5498/2009, which came to be recalled as “Minirreforma Eleitoral de 2009” once sanctioned. To this end, concepts related to John Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Approach are mobilized, with a special focus on the distinction between agendas and alternatives, which is addressed in distinct moments throughout the dissertation. In a first moment, an analysis of the legislative proposals presented in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies between 1995 and 2014 is conducted, with the intent to determine a sample of possible cases to be studied, as well as to stablish the criteria which guided the selection of the “Minirreforma Eleitoral de 2009” as a representative case of a policy designed to improve women political representation which reached the decision agenda. Secondly, using as method the qualitative content analysis of shorthand transcripts from the Chamber of Deputies’ plenary speeches – delivered between the beginning of the legislative year until the sanction of the proposal –, the study identifies the theoretical elements described by Kingdon in relation to both the conduction of Brazilian political reform policies to the agenda and the selection of policies which propose changes in political, electoral or party legislations. As a result of this analysis, the study presents the hypothesis that policies designed to improve women political representation are not able to individually reach the last phases of the decision agenda, but they might be incorporated to broader political systems reforms, as occurred in the “Minirreforma Eleitoral de 2009” and possibly happened to other reforms which contemplated policies in favor of women in positions of power. This conclusion, in turn, may be inserted in the political theory debate which opposes the concepts of critical mass and critical actors, offering contributions that allow the suggestion that policies designed to improve women political representation reach the decision agenda through the articulated action of critical actors, and not by a predetermined percentage of political participants of a certain social group, as stablished by the critical mass theory.
Privilégio branco e a (im)possibilidade de implementação de políticas antirracistas: o caso do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-30)
Arruda, Maria Auxiliadora de Almeida
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2595013276457529
Racism and racial discrimination are constitutive of Brazilian education, practices and social relations. A Whiteness refers to the way in which isolated whites are appropriate for the category race and racism in the constitution of their subjectivities and when appropriate that “being whitw” determines the moral, intellectual and aesthetic characteristics of individuals that differentiate others. Thus, the objective of this research was to understand the process of reserving vacancies for the integrated medium level of professional training, implemented in the period 2008-2018 by the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso - IFMT, created by Law 11.892 / 2008 and currently consists of 19 campuses distributed in all mesoregions of MT, predominantly in the northern Mato Grosso mesoregion, where there is a higher proportion of white population and intensive agricultural productionº The IFMT offers vocational education at all levels and modalities aimed at the local market, and is also a limited reserve of quality public education in MT, especially in the provision of integrated secondary education to vocational training. The research was conducted at IFMT- Campus Cuiabá, in a qualitative approach in which the methods used for data generation were: document analysis, interviews with servers and students and observationº It is concluded that the IFMT vacancy reservation process allowed unequal opportunities for whites and blacks and there were ostensibly privileges for the white group, since in the period 2009-2012 it used only the socioeconomic and non-racial criteria. And from 2012 onwards it showed a particularity: the racial criterion was included using official and local or native classification categories called “other ethnicities”, which in turn was replaced in 2017 by the term non-self-declaration of color / race and from 2018 shifted to the public school and income criteria. This category reflects the local social imaginary of the existence of an ethnic and or racial democracy and a racially homogeneous and harmonious state marked by the class and non-racial problem. Thus, the 2012-2018 IFMT vacancy reservation policy maintained a very ambivalent relationship close to the meanings of whiteness, namely: racial neutrality, praise for miscegenation, omission of racial inequality and discrimination, silence around racial issues supported by the strategy of subsuming race in the class and category of other ethnic groups and in the eminently redistributive, meritocratic and fallacious discourse of racial equality. This policy operates in the IFMT - Cuiabá campus school context as a difference marker that hierarchizes and divides students and positions black students in less prestigious courses and classes considered to have less cognitive development.
Utilizando ferramentas da genética forense para investigar a origem dos indivíduos do canário-da-terra (Sicalis flaveola) mantidos em cativeiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-31)
Sandoval-Arias, Shirleny
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7710886646811830
Wildlife protection is a global priority issue. International treaties, laws, national entities and organizations fight for the conservation of biodiversity and protection of wildlife, generating environmental awareness mainly against the illegal trade of wild animals. Illegal trade is the third most common illegal activity, second only to arms and narcotics trafficking. Brazil is responsible for about 10 to 15% of the global value of wild animal trafficking of all kind of species however birds are the most affected, being the Psittaciformes and Passeriformes (saffron finch, bird of interest for the present study) the groups most commonly apprehended by environmental authorities. According to IBAMA, saffron finch (Sicalis flaveola) is one of the ten species of birds most illegally trafficked in the country and a recent study has shown that this is also the most hunted species in the state of São Paulo, despite of being reproduced in numerous breeding sites in the state. In addition, at least four species of the same genus are recognized in Brazil, and three are present in the state of São Paulo, therefore, confirmation of the species in the breeding site is important. In this scenario, an important question stands out: are the individuals of the species Sicalis flaveola kept in commercial breeding sites, really the result of reproduction in captivity? To answer this question we will use genetic tools to confirm the species and to analyze parental relationships. We will carry out species delimitation analyzes, using the mitochondrial marker COI and the distance (DNA Barcoding) and coalescence (bPTP and GMYC) approaches to verify whether the collected samples are of the species Sicalis flaveola and confirm their validation for this taxon. Subsequently, the transferability of 26 microsatellite locos described for different species of Passerines will be evaluated to determine their usefulness to analyze parental relations of individuals of Sicalis flaveola sampled at breeding sites in actions carried out by the Military Environmental Police. Using parental estimators based on the probability of identity by offspring, it is possible to confirm the genetic link between the sampled birds. In the end, the project has the aim to produce a tool to determine if the birds are actually the result of breeding in the breeding site, as possibly claimed by the breeders or would be a captured free-living bird, contributing to the detection of possible violations of current laws.
Comunicação e envelhecimento: um estudo sobre as propagandas de suplementos vitamínicos direcionadas ao consumidor maduro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-31)
Bogni, Mariana Fernanda Braga
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Zanon, Celeste José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9117512651101224
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100709272656112
The Brazilian population has aged and demanded changes in product designs and communication processes between companies and their mature consumers. To improve such processes, product development and marketing professionals seek to understand the biological and psychic changes related to aging. Vitamin Supplements related to human aging are currently a relevant category for the pharmaceutical sector and their advertisements are directed to a significant portion of the elderly. Considering the relationships between companies in the sector and the growing Brazilian senior public, and the small number of national studies that address marketing communication, this paper aims to investigate how communication is established between companies and mature consumers in the advertising of vitamin suplements. The method, documentary and qualitative, is based on the analysis of texts and images of digital advertising materials. The results indicate different communication strategies and a diversity of conceptions related to aging issues, such as intergenerationality and the attenuation of the relations between chronological age and aging. It is concluded that communication is established from the valuation of healthy old age, care, well being and the avoidance of complex issues related to stereotypes.
Análise de qualidade agronômica, físico-química e sensorial em couves de folha crespa cultivada com fertilizantes orgânicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-31)
Pimenta, Daniella Martins
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Forti, Victor Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of organic fertilizers on the agronomic, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of curly kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala, Darkibor). The treatments were: A, Control = without fertilization; B = with organomineral fertilizer and C, D and E = with organic fertilizers. The plants were evaluated sixty days after planting in relation to agronomic, physicochemical and sensory parameters. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, considering the level of significance (p≤0.05) and, when necessary, the Tukey’s test was applied, and for the ranking test, the Friedman’s test was employed. The organic and organomineral fertilization had a positive influence on petiole length, width and total number of leaves, plant height and leaf area, when compared to the control (A). For stem diameter, leaf length and chlorophyll content, there was no significant difference among the treatments. Regarding the physicochemical analyses, there was no significant difference among the treatments. The treatments met the Brazilian legislation for the microbiological analysis of the leaves. The sensory analyses of ranking and acceptability showed no difference among the treatments. In general, the use of organic and organomineral fertilizers promoted greater efficiency for the kale plants with regard to the agronomic characteristics.
Diferenciação abiótica do metabolismo secundário em Aspergillus aculeatus e Penicillium brasilianum utilizando sais inorgânicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-31)
Lima, Amanda Maciel
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7652436789258114
The biosynthetic potential of microorganisms for the production of secondary metabolites is limited by the routes encoded in their genome. However, although this potential is enormous, few of them are expressed under standard cultivation conditions. As the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites of fungi occurs in response to the different chemical compositions of culture medium, in the present work studies were conducted in order to induce new metabolic routes in endophytic fungi using inorganics salts. A screening was performed by cultivating five fungal strains available in the LaBioMMi library (Penicillium brasilianum, P. brasilianum Δpal, P. brasilianum ΔNRPS 023, P. brasilianum ΔNRPS 07 e A. Aculeatus). The reference medium (Czapek control) was established to verify alterations of metabolism of fungi cultivated using seven medium modified with inorganic salts.Thus, FeSO4 concentrations were varied from 0,01 to 0,1 e 1,0 g/L; as well as FeSO4 was substituted by the other MnCl2, CoCl2, NiCl2, ZnCl2 at 0.5 g/L. The fungi were grown in triplicates of each culture condition for 14 days in static mode. After that, they were subjected to extraction from mycelium with MeOH and from fermentation broth with AcOEt. The extracts obtained were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. Thus, differences were observed in the metabolite profiles of the media extracted with AcOEt in the strains of P. brasilianum and A. aculeatus. Methanolic extracts showed metabolic differences only for A. aculeatus. After chemical analysis, the fungus A. aculeatus (LaBioMMi 481) was chosen for cultivation at larger scale, using the medium containing the halogenated salts CoCl2 and KBr.Qualitative analyrical tests were carried out evaluating the susceptibility of the fungus to different salt concentrations, optimal cultivation time in two stages of growth of the microorganism, as well as combinations of salts. The adjusted analytical parameters were used for large scale cultivation, using 6L of each medium containing 10 and 2 g/L of KBr and CoCl2, respectively, in the period of 14 days. The extracts obtained were fractionated on silica gel, under vacuum. Fractions containing apparently induced compounds were chosen for isolation by HPLC an preparative scale. The purified compounds of the fractions were analyzed by 1D and 2D NMR. Among these compounds, 7 constituents have been identified, such as RF 3192C, orlandin, kotanin, aurosperone A, fonsecinone A, pestalamide B and aspernigrin A. Pestalamide B and aspernigrin A have not yet been described as constituents produced by A. aculeatus. In addition, the biosynthesis of pestalamide B, fonsecinone A and orlandin compounds were more stimulated by medium supplemented with KBr than in the control.
Um olhar para a mulher e suas necessidades de saúde no período puerperal a partir da integralidade do cuidado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-03-31)
Rosalino, Drieli Aline Teixeira
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Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650
;
Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
The experience of motherhood associated culturally and socially with the female condition has historically been present in different contexts. Our contemporary culture remains influenced by the social and historical construction of the female role, in relation to motherhood, characterized by the naturalization of the procreative function and motherhood as exclusive. Based on the hypothesis that many transformations caused by pregnancy and postpartum cause a state of important hormonal, physical, emotional and behavioral changes, that are experienced and linked to a set of expectations of the social role of women, it is relevant to understand the pregnancy and motherhood construction, articulating the biological, affective, cultural and social aspects through the perspective of Integrality of Health Care. Thus, the present research aimed to investigate the women’s health care needs in the puerperal period, considering the integrality of health care. This is an empirical, qualitative, descriptiveinterpretative study that investigated the universe of eight women who were in the puerperal period (from the 11th to the 60th postpartum day), attended by the Public Healthcare Service of a municipality in small inland in the state of SP. The instruments for data production included observations of the health care routine, recorded in a field diary, and semi-structured interviews, carried out in the context of home visits. The interviews were recorded, transcribed in full and analyzed based on thematic content analysis. The results produced five thematic categories: 1. Construction and reconstruction of the ways of being (mother); 2. Affective dimension and sexuality; 3. Care of the self; 4. Bond and support network; 5. Comprehensive health care: challenges and possibilities. These revealed the strength of social constructions on motherhood, the multiple health needs being secondary in order to a puerperal care centered on the baby's physiological well-being and the mother's reproductive functions, and a relationship between maternal experience and social context. In order to problematize and overcome this reductionist practice, as well contribute to broader and more comprehensive rearrangements in the provision of care to these women, we highlight some recommendations: i) carry out the puerperal appointment and home visit until the 10th postpartum day; ii) to create dialogic listening spaces, through information and communication technologies, for women, mothers of children served by the Happy Child Program, as possibilities of comprehensive care to be performed; iii) taking into account the dimension concerning in-service training, it is understood that the permanent education strategy, known as Practice Reflection (PR), may represent an important gain for local and regional health policy. Thereby, the present study brought elements to rethink public policies aimed at women, at the intersectoral level, as well has launched reflections on the care models in this stage of the life cycle and brought subsidies to the elaboration of puerperal care strategies under a new focus, which includes the professional’s respect to the values, desires and representation.
Análise dos desafios e perspectivas do curso de licenciatura em educação do campo, campus de Arraias, estado do Tocantins
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-02)
Aires, Helena Quirino Porto
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Bezerra Neto, Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4223461558311616
The present thesis presents a study on the Rural Education Licenciature Course (LEdoC) of the Federal University of Tocantins, Campus de Arraias, analyzing to what extent the conditions of its materialization contribute to the formation of the working class. This research started from the thesis that the discussions about educational public policies in relation to Education in the Field, mainly, directed to higher education, has been a recurring subject in the last decades. However, when one thinks about the education that is offered to the working class, it is clear that there is still a lot to be done to really achieve excellence in the quality of the education received, especially by the subjects linked to the field. For this, we undertake an investigation that questions the formation that the Rural Education Licenciature Course offers to the rural working class and how this concept contributes and strengthens this class to face the capitalist logic that is spreading in the countryside. To answer this question, we seek to unveil the object of study from the concrete reality, seeking to relate it to society in the search for understanding this movement of human formation in its entirety. The data collection for this research took place in three stages: diagnosis and analysis of the characteristics of incoming students; analysis of the Course Pedagogical Project (PPC); and, semi-structured interviews with students and graduates of the course. The results indicate that the materialization of the Rural Education Licenciature Course presents pedagogical praxis related to the interests of subjects in the field, in contrast to those of the dominant class and the capitalist mode of production. The PPC of the analyzed course (2013) points out aspects favorable to the formation of subjects of the rural working class, based on the emancipation of the subject and knowledge constructed by humanity; as well as, it provides curriculum contents that have as a starting point the reality and experience of the working class subjects, conceiving theory and practice as inseparable elements in the educational act. Education by Alternation is a means that facilitates a large part of working class subjects to study and work, especially those who are civil servants or autonomous. The relationship between the job and LEdoC is necessary, but at the same time, a little complex. Regarding the graduates, getting recognition and working in the area are the great difficulties. From the data presented in this study, it is possible to see that the LEdoC strives to materialize the proposal satisfactorily, however, there are still many challenges. This research also enabled us to understand that education is conditioned by several factors, among them, the issues of society structure and infrastructure. Thus, the Rural Education Course presents these conditionalities that are much more emphatic for their materialization because they are people from the working class and, still, from the field.
"Mato Grosso: celeiro do mundo". Um estudo sobre as relações de poder e as implicações nas políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-02)
Silva, Lucineia Soares da
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Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4457339675710283
The objective of this research was to understand how the power relations materialized in public policies, from the understanding of the formation of the ideology that calls the State of Mato Grosso as “Celeiro do Mundo” and the image of the farmer-businessman. The State of Mato Grosso was governed, from 2003 to 2010, by one of the greatest representatives of Brazilian agribusiness, Blairo Maggi. To outline the construction of this ideology, we propose as specific objectives: a) to identify the possible cohesion of the dominant group of the agrarian elite in the election of one of its representatives to governor of the State; b) analyze the drafting of Law 7,958 of 2003 (Tax Waiver) and the tax spending policy (those benefited by the policy and the loss of revenue from health and education policies) and, finally, c) analyze social development in the municipalities with the greatest number of beneficiaries from state development programs and other municipalities. The methodology used was quantitative and qualitative. In qualitative analysis, documentary research (public documents and reports), semi-structured script interviews, photo-documentation and geoprocessing were used. The quantitative approach analyzed the number of donors, amounts donated and surrendered, and also a social indicator (HDI and MHDI). The time frame covers public policies in Mato Grosso from the 1960s to 2018, with an emphasis on 2003 - when the Tax Waiver Law was drafted and approved - and 2015 and 2016 - year of the CPI on Tax Waiver. The results show that the public policies implemented for the occupation of Mato Grosso were based on serving the productive system and that there was no prioritization of the agribusiness sector after the election of a representative of the sector, there was continuity and, in a second moment, an expansion to other economic sectors. The research demonstrates the fragility of Law 7,958 / 2003 that instituted the Development Plan of Mato Grosso at its origin, and of the State institutions that should ensure the fulfillment of its objectives. The abundant list of public policies financed by the public fund legitimized and met the accumulation of monopoly, financial and international capital. The revenue waived by virtue of the law directly impacts the financing of health and education because they are linked to the revenue guaranteed by the Federal Constitution: health and education. SUS and Education financing is doubly impaired when a tax waiver policy is instituted by the State when we consider that both have, in an indirect and regressive tax, their greatest source of revenue, the ICMS. In addition to this situation, we have in a state formed by large latifundios the struggle for access to land or for the continuation of possession, in the case of the indigenous people, the record of 11 deaths between 2017 and 2018. Thus, being a “breadbasket of the world” is not in fact to produce food, but commodities for the foreign market, the result of an occupation that did not promote land reform, but the formation of large latifundios and monopolies financed and benefited by public policies and that are always articulating to maintain their privileges.
Eleições municipais e profissionalização das campanhas eleitorais (São Paulo, 2016)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-02)
Alves, Mércia Kaline Freitas
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6291864794986993
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3036910789502625
This thesis aims to discuss how the professionalization of election campaigns was incorporated and developed at the municipal level. The survey walked from the questions: Has the process of professionalization, described by international literature and in Brazil, reached the majority campaigns in the municipalities? If in positive case so, how and what are the characteristics of this process in local election campaigns? How is the physical structure of the parties and the number of people involved to carry out paid and voluntary activities during the election period expanded? Finally, how are the financial resources of the parties and coalitions allocated and distributed in campaign management? To answer these questions, 12 election campaigns were selected in six municipalities (2016), chosen according to size and access to HGPE. We examined the financial dynamics of each campaign, and conducted interviews with candidates, party coordinators and/or leaders. They are: Campinas, PT and PHS campaigns; Guarulhos, PSB and DEM; Santos, PCdoB and PSDB; Diadema, PT and PV; Jau, PSoL and REDE; and in Botucatu, PDT and PSDB campaigns. The data were analyzed in order to obtain the vision of the leaders about the organization of the campaigns, the selection of candidates to define the strategies.
Comparação do método químico e método a plasma no preparo de nanocompósitos de prata e nanocelulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-02)
Matsuda, Larissa Mariana Mendes
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Silva, Adriana de Oliveira Delgado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2707979913713089
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8267231664285925
Cellulose, being a biodegradable material, flexible and with good mechanical resistance, has been attracting great interest in studies, as it is a biopolymer from a renewable source and widely available in nature. It can be used in several applications, such as in the textile, paper and packaging industries, in the production of sensors and biosensors and as a matrix in composites. In this context, the present work aims to manufacture and characterize nanocellulose (NC) nanocomposites containing silver. Two routes were investigated: (i) composite nanocellulose films containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) chemically synthesized and (ii) incorporation of silver through the sputtering process from silver nitrate powder (AgNO3). The nanocomposite films were made from a suspension of nanocellulose and AgNPs. The AgNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction with sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7) and incorporated into the NC films using a vacuum filtration system. Another method used was the sputtering process, from the silver salt placed in the lower sample holder of the plasma reactor. For the treatment, the use of argon gas and a mixture of argon and oxygen (90% and 10%, respectively) was investigated. The plasma was excited by the application of radio frequency of 13.56 MHz, power from 150 to 200 W, and treatment time from 30 to 90 min, with a working pressure of 14.9 to 8.8 Pa. After deposition, the samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), profilometry, absorption in the Ultraviolet and Visible region (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS), angle of microbiological contact and analysis. The results obtained for the XRD were similar in the two routes studied showing the same diffraction angles at 14, 16 and 22 °, with the profilometer it was observed the formation of a thin film in the glass samples, the data obtained in the UV analysis -Vis indicate absorption bands similar to the chemical route, for the characterization in SEM, there was also similarity, with observation of homogeneity in the morphology of all samples synthesized through the chemical route, whereas for the plasma route there was a dependent morphological change treatment parameters. The analysis by the EDS technique, performed for the chemical route presents a low percentage of silver, while the plasma route indicates a variation in the silver content on the surface of the membranes from 3.6 to 31% of silver depending on the parameters. In the microbiological analysis, the chemical route showed an average inhibition halo of 7.4 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and 7.8 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and for the test performed for the plasma route, no growth of bacterial colonies was observed on the plates indicating the antimicrobial activity of nanocomposite films under T5 and T6 conditions. Therefore, the results confirm the incorporation of silver by the Sputtering method from silver nitrate, as well as the bactericidal activity in agreement with the results of the nanocomposites made with the chemical synthesis of the AgNPs.
Critérios para adoção de soluções de desenvolvimento multiplataforma móvel na perspectiva de desenvolvedores de software
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-03)
Afonso, Felipe Munhoz
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7533101465247671
Cross-platform Development Tools are a technology that emerged to meetthe demand of development teams that operate simultaneously with more than onemobile platform. This technology mainly benefits small and medium-sized teamsthat did not have the capacity to maintain two or more different code bases for thesame project. The use of these tools has become more and more popular accord-ing to the evolution of the technology employed capable of producing applicationsincreasingly closer to one developed natively. As the popularity of cross-platformtools grows, so does the need for a concise, flexible and long-lasting way of definingtheir advantages and disadvantages over other tools. So the objective of this work isto find out through mixed methods of data gathering such as questionnaires, inter-views and practical studies what really matters to the developers, thus contributingto the evolution of the state of the art by providing a set of criteria that can beused to make comparisons. And enhancing the state of the art with a comparisonbetween the development tools most used today. Results shows that the most im-portant decision factors are Responsivity, Long Term Viability and Maintainability.It was also indentified that the most complete tools are React Native, Flutter andXamarin.
Comunicação e divulgação científica de líderes de grupos de pesquisa no campo CTS: análise a partir de indicadores bibliométricos e altmétricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-03)
Galdino, Rejane
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Silva, Márcia Regina da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381461208053330
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3638907270229514
Science has consolidated itself in the social structure as much as technology, both differing in the relationship established with society. The scientist has as a commitment to science the need for scientific communication and its social function is scientific dissemination. Taking into account the proximity between the STS field and the scientific communication and dissemination processes, this research aims to investigate the scientific publication and dissemination practices of leaders of research groups in the STS field, registered with CNPq. This is an exploratory and descriptive research that aims to verify whether researchers working in the STS Field comply with the science dissemination assumptions recommended by the Field itself. With regard to the characterization of the STS groups and the scientific production of the leaders, the area of Education has great prominence in STS studies, proposing, predominantly, to study the ways in which the STS field impacts education and the way in which Education can contribute to advances in the STS field, such as deepening and discussing ways of dealing with the issue of scientific illiteracy, which is among the themes of greatest study by leaders. Bibliometric and altmetric indicators pointed out that bibliographic production and more traditional channels, such as congresses and journals, are the most used by leaders for scientific communication. In the altmetric analysis of the articles published by the leaders, Mendeley, the academic social network, received the most attention online. Of the 87 leaders of STS research groups, 17 are authors of articles that received attention online. It is concluded that although leaders denote having a consolidated scientific communication, according to the methods used in this research, they show that there is still a way to go for effective engagement in scientific dissemination through social networks, which in a way denotes that the premises advocated by the STS Field itself of the greatest proximity between researchers and society should be encouraged.
Efeitos da nitretação a plasma e do filme de carbono amorfo (a-C:H) aplicado ao aço 1020 na resistência ao desgaste em alumínio AA 3104
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-03)
Soares, Fábio
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Rossino, Luciana Sgarbi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0139027055418391
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2874636133937008
The AA 3104 aluminum is widely used as packaging for food storage, as it is a versatile alloy with easy mechanical conformation, however, it causes high wear to the cutting knife due to friction during the packaging operation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the wear resistance of steel containing 0.2% C, commonly applied to tools to perform forming and cutting operations on AA 3104 aluminum alloy, subjecting this steel to plasma ion nitriding and deposition treatments amorphous carbon film (a-C:H), to study the wear behavior of the material with and without surface treatment. The a-C:H films were deposited by PECVD on 1020 steel samples after cleaning the substrate by plasma ablation, with atmospheres of 80 and 90% CH4, with voltage varying between 500 and 600V. For the adhesion of a-C:H film to the metallic substrate, a silicon interface was deposited using hexamethyldisiloxane as a precursor, whose deposition was carried out with a gas flow of 30 sccm, containing 70% HMDSO and 30% argon. The plasma nitriding treatments were carried out with an atmosphere containing 80% N2 and 20% H2 with temperatures at 400, 500 and 600 °C. Also, plasma nitriding treatment was carried out where the temperature was maintained at 550 °C and the gas proportions were varied by 60% N2 and 40% H2, 80% N2 and 20% H2 and 92% N2 and 8% H2. All samples were subjected to the micro-wear test by fixed ball and the prototypes of the treated tools were tested using a wear machine specially built to simulate the friction between 1020 steel and AA 3104 aluminum. The final wear analysis was done through the optical moiré technique by phase-shifting that allowed to analyze both qualitatively and quantitatively the volume of body wear with and without treatment. Among the nitrided samples, those that were produced with higher nitrogen rates showed greater hardness due to the formation of the Fe2-3N phase, reaching values of 585 HV, however the samples with a low nitrogen atmosphere obtained Fe4N phase where they showed to be more resistant to frictional stresses due to its greater ductility in relation to the Fe2-3N phase, ensuring 60% less wear on untreated material. The a-C:H film produced with an atmosphere containing 80% CH4 showed a lower roughness among all samples (44.3 nm), leading to a lower wear volume (1.015x10-4 mm3). The a-C:H films gave steel 1020 results superior to nitriding, with a 95% reduction in wear volume. It was observed that all treated samples obtained an increase in wear resistance, when compared to the base material, thus making it possible to reduce the wear of the 1020 steel tools used for cutting aluminum AA 3104 and, subsequently, increasing its useful life.