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Som e música da ficção científica em quatro obras do cinema brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Scarpelli, Alexandre Camargo; Miranda, Suzana Reck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9391830223106485
This research aims to analyze the role played by sound and music in the filmic discourse of four Brazilian works evaluating their connections to the science fiction universe and paying special attention to the Brazilian iconography of the genre. The selected films are White out, black in (2015) by Adirley Queiroz and the short film Dog days (2016) by Ronaldo Dimer and Vitor Amaro, both evaluated under the theme of political dystopia, as well as the short films Last song for a rude heart, (2017) by Marco Antônio Pereira and Cold Recife, by Kléber Mendonça Filho, understood as satires and evaluated for their representations of alien figures. Genre theory, science fiction studies, film music and film sound theories, as well as Brazilian science fiction studies allow us to first observe and investigate sonic and musical codes created and developed by canonical works of international science fiction cinema, subsequently enabling a shift in perspective that considers the Brazilian context of science fiction films in order to discuss the music and sound design of the selected works.
Impactos do manejo do solo em área de pastagem extensiva convertida em cultivo de cana-de-açúcar e em pastagem intensiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Bento, Camila Bolfarini; Carmo, Janaina Braga do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8627099224335903; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3230386423166043
Future decreases in greenhouse gas emissions due the use of ethanol have been associated with the way in which changes in land use will occur for new sugarcane crops. One of the main consequences of the increases in the sugarcane planted areas is the expansion toward pasture land. Depending on the management system adopted during the conversion from pasture to sugarcane, the soil structure and greenhouse gas emissions may be negatively altered. In this sense, this project evaluated changes in the levels of potentially toxic metals, the impacts of conversion on the quantity and quality of carbon and on emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O over six years (2013 to 2019). The experiment was installed on a farm in the municipality of Salto de Pirapora in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. We chose two scenarios in which extensive pasture was the initial condition. In the first, intensification of extensive pasture was carried out. In the second, extensive pasture was converted to sugarcane. Two management activities conventionally carried out in agricultural cultivation areas were adopted, soil preparation and inorganic fertilization. The soil preparation consisted of plowing, harrowing, leveling and opening the sugarcane planting furrows. In the first year, sugarcane was fertilized with 60, 140 and 120 kg ha-1 of NPK. In the sugarcane ratoon years, the fertilizer application rates were 120, 30 and 120 kg ha-1 of NPK. The treatments with intensive pasture had the same rates of fertilizers applied (60, 40 and 40 kg ha-1 of NPK) from 2013 to 2019. Although several of the elements analyzed have increased in comparison to the initial concentration, only the levels of Cd showed increases due to inorganic fertilization. Such increase was in order of 9.54 mg ha-1 year-1. Considering the conversion year (2013) and the last year of evaluations (2019), carbon stocks increased in pasture and sugarcane. The application of fertilizers resulted in a carbon accumulation 30.52% higher in PI than in CA. From 2014 to 2019, the carbon quantified as labile increased by 1% in PE and CA and decrease by 4% in PI. The accumulated CO2 and N2O emissions were higher in fertilized treatments. Pasture treatments were a CH4 source and sugarcane treatments as a CH4 sink to the atmosphere. The CO2-equivalent was 653.7 kg CO2-eq ha-1 higher in PI than in CA. The emission factors were within the range observed by other authors, but below the determined by the IPCC.
Curso de inglês para fins de negócios (IFN) online baseado em tarefas orais no AVA Edmodo: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Onodera, Jorge; Silva, Vera Lucia Teixeira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4421134009136228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1792228739852900
This research is inserted in the Linguistic Studies area, specifically in the area of teaching-learning of foreign languages. The general objectives were: to apply and evaluate the effectiveness of a Business English (BE) course based on oral tasks, in distance learning, using active methodology and Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT); and to conduct a survey to identify the perceptions of LEA students course about their learning and about the BE course in distance learning using TDIC. To conduct this study I created an Business English Online (BEO) course based on oral tasks on the virtual learning environment Edmodo. The course is theoretically based on Duddley-Evans and St John (1998); Basturkmen (2010); Paltridge and Starfield (2013) regarding to ESP; Duddley-Evans and St John (1998), Ellis and Johnson (1994) regarding to Business English; in Moran (2015, 2016), Valente, Almeida and Geraldini (2017), Moran and Bacich (2018), with regard to the Active Methodology; Ribeiro (2008), Barrett e Moore (2011), Ansarian e Lin (2018) e Moran (2018) regarding Problem Based Learnig; in Almeida (2003), Anderson (2008), Moller and Huett (2012) for Distance Learning and on Ellis (2003), regarding Tasks. From a methodological point of view, it is a qualitative interpretative case study based on Stake (1995), Merrian (1998) and Yin (2005), developed in Edmodo and taught on online distance modality. The target audience was undergraduate students among the 1st and 4th semesters from a course entitled Foreign Languages Applied to International Negotiations (LEA) from two public universities in Brazil, one located in Ilhéus city, south of Bahia state, and the other one, from a federal center of technological studies located in Rio de Janeiro city. I carried out the data collection through questionnaires, interviews, audio and video recorded tasks and reflective reports on the course and tasks. Data were categorized based on the result of each task and the information provided by the students about their perceptions regarding the course and their learning. The survey results indicated that the Busines English Online course based on oral tasks developed for the research was efficient. The final product of tasks performance demonstrated that students were able to perform them efficiently, reaching a satisfactory result. The course was taught entirely in English, in the distance modality, using DICT to perform tasks with students from BA and RJ. The requirement to use DICT in the course provided students the opportunity to learn how to deal with the technologies available in work environments. The data showed that students' perceptions regarding their learning were positive. Students assumed their role in relation to their own learning. According to students' view, the course material contributed to good task performance in a proactive and successful way. The result on students' perception on the course demonstrated they had a favorable perception, praising the material provided, the dynamics of the course and the use of DICT to perform the tasks.
Previsão de viscosidade e temperatura liquidus de vidros óxidos via redes neurais artificiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Bessa, Graziela Pentean; Cassar, Daniel Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1717397276752482; Zanotto, Edgar Dutra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0838548181911289
The number of glass compositions that have already been studied (~10^5) is many times smaller than the potential glass compositions (~10^52). The traditional method “cook and look” all of the potential compositions to identify each one has an interesting property is very time-consuming and also expensive. Another possibility is to use machine learning algorithms. This type of algorithm is capable of identifying patterns in large datasets, so they can be used to accelerate the study of glass compositions. There are several types of machine learning algorithms and artificial neural networks (also known as ANN) is one of them and have been used successfully for different types of problems and also used in this thesis. The algorithms used was written to optimize hyper-parameters to find the best topology for each neural network. Viscosity and liquidus temperature were chosen to be studied because they are important parameters for oxide glass production. The ANN was capable to predict liquidus temperature with R² = 0,997 and viscosity temperature T2 and T4 with R² = 0,999 and T3 with R² = 0,998. The mean relative errors for the viscosity ANN are equal to 2,5 at maximum, while for liquidus temperature mean relative error is equal to 3,7%. These errors are considered small and at the same order of magnitude of the scattering of dataset. It is possible to see some problems on the predictions like eutetic regions in phase diagrams for liquidus temperature. Even though the errors, the neural networks were capable of predicting both properties. For future works it is possible to select other properties of atoms to form the dataset besides the composition and the property of interest.
Modelos bayesianos zero-modificados para séries temporais de contagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Assis, Caroline Mendes de; Andrade Filho, Marinho Gomes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4126245980112687; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5790261236742510
This work presents two Bayesian zero-modified (ZM) models for count time series: zero-modified Poisson ARMA and zero-modified COM-Poisson ARMA. The latter allows a greater flexibility since it has an aditional parameter which accomodates greater subdispersion or overdispersion in comparison with the ZM Poisson ARMA model. The models are applied to simulated data and two real data sets. Both ZM Poisson ARMA and ZM COM-Poisson ARMA performed very well in zero-modified data. The goodness of fit was studied using posterior predictive checks. Model comparison was done using the deviance information criterion (DIC). Finally, a forecast study of six-steps-ahead was performed. In general, the ZM COM-Poisson model, although having an aditional parameter in comparison with the ZM Poisson ARMA model, showed DIC values similar to the DIC values of the ZM Poisson ARMA model. Since the ZM COM-Poisson ARMA model has the ZM Poisson ARMA model as a particular case, having the advantage of being more flexible, the ZM COM-Poisson ARMA model is proposed as an alternative to zero-modified count data.
Avanços recentes em caracterização e classificação de imagens de texturas: explorando teoria da informação, aprendizado profundo e de variedades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Nsimba, Cedrick Bamba; Levada, Alexandre Luis Magalhães; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3341441596395463; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4253034079658327
The task of extracting features from images is a very important activity for many computer vision and image processing applications. Especially the characterization and identification of textures is a fundamental issue in this area which allows the promotion of the development of a wide range of interesting applications including medical image analysis, content image retrieval, object recognition, among others. Due to this importance, many kinds of research have been carried out in this area and, consequently, resulted in the development of a set of texture descriptors. However, in general, algorithms considered as the state of the art still present performance problems when applied in the presence of noise, since it does not maintain intrinsic properties of the image being analyzed. Assuming that random fields and wavelets are appropriate mathematical tools to assist in this process, opportunities open for the development of very interesting applications, with the potential to promote a high level of texture classification accuracy. While random fields model better the statistical properties of texture images, wavelets provide a robust tool for decomposition and multiresolution analysis. In addition, information theory-based measurements, such as Fisher information and Shannon entropy of Gaussian Markov random field models obtained from the sub-bands of a wavelet decomposition tree are able to measure texture patterns. If the dimensionality of the calculated texture descriptors is high, nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods based on manifold learning techniques can be used. Our perception is that manifold learning techniques are capable of selecting discriminative characteristics from a high dimensionality space. The aim of this research work was to propose new approaches based on the use of information theory, deep and manifold learning to characterize and classify texture images. To this end, three new approaches have been proposed: (1) descriptor design based on Fisher information matrices of Gaussian Markov random field models obtained from the sub-bands of a wavelet decomposition tree; (2) descriptor design based on the application of manifold learning methods acting as a selector of relevant texture information; and (3) descriptor design based on the combination of deep and manifold learning. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed methods are competitive with related state of the art descriptors.
Utilização da eletroforese capilar como técnica analítica para a determinação de aminoglicosídeos em sistemas de liberação controlada e formulações farmacêuticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Donegatti, Tiago Augusto; Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212; Pereira, Elisabete Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3733006795539833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3146168395993160
Leishmaniasis are diseases that have been causing challenges for public health in developing countries and, for this reason, several studies have been trying to develop a more effective formulation to fight them. According to the literature, the use of a formulation containing paromomycin (PM) produces more efficient effects when associated with gentamicin (GM) for the treatment of certain species of leishmaniasis. To evaluate matrices containing PM and GM, it is necessary to use an analysis method capable of separating and quantifying these analytes, which is a challenge due to the complex nature of the mixture of these antibiotics as well as the absence of chromophoric groups in their structures. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the use of different derivatizing agents (dansil chloride (DNS), 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl), methoxybenzenesulfonyl 4-chloride (MBSC), 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid (NQS), phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) and orthophthaldehyde (OPA) for separation of GM and PM by capillary electrophoresis coupled with diode array detector, beyond the development of a method for indirect detection using imidazole in the running electrolyte. NQS, FMOC-Cl and DNS were unsatisfactory for separating the drugs under the conditions tested. The best results obtained for separation and quantification of GM and PM were achieved using OPA and under the following conditions: running electrolyte containing 40 mmol L-1 of TBS, 3 mmol L-1 of beta cyclodextrin (β-CD) and 15.5% of methanol (MeOH), pH 9.0, temperature of 23 ° C, applied voltage of 16 kV, injection of 50 mbar x 5 s, capillary of 75 µm d.i x 40 cm of total length (31.5 cm in effective length) and detection at 230 nm. The validation tests were satisfactory and the values obtained of precision and recovery were in the range of 0.1 - 15.5% and 76.2 - 108.7%, respectively. A simple and fast method was also developed using indirect detection, in which the optimized conditions were: running electrolyte containing 30 mmol L-1 of imidazole, pH = 2.5. The total capillary length was 58.5 cm (50 cm effective length), with an injection of 30 mbar x 7 s. The applied voltage was 11 kV in a temperature of 29 ˚C and detection at: reference 400nm / signal: 214 nm. In addition, these methods were applied to pharmaceutical samples and samples of controlled release systems containing PM and GM. These applications were compared with a spectrophotometric method already described in the literature for analysis of aminoglycosides.
Planejamento em educação física escolar: perspectivas x realidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Dezotti, Tálita Cristiane Dardes; Couto, Yara Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348643816717796; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9897763703909704
The act of planning for the teacher is necessary to organize what and how certain content will be developed. In the municipality of this study, there is no curriculum for the Physical Education curriculum component or proposals for the work of this active teacher. The National Common Curricular Base is the document that currently guides and suggests what can be studied in each school phase, offering a structure for each network to develop its own curriculum, however it is a recent document and is in the implementation phase. , therefore, at this moment, the debate on several themes becomes very pertinent, among them, teaching planning. The study aimed to investigate how Physical Education teachers from a public municipal network in the interior of the state of São Paulo, carry out their planning, dialoguing with their perspectives and needs in teaching practice. Professional training, from initial to continuing, the political pedagogical project and the documents that govern Brazilian education, are elements contemplated in this study and which are interrelated with planning in the exercise of teaching. The methodological trajectory of this qualitative research, of the participant research type, used the semi-structured interview as a data collection instrument, chosen for allowing explorations about the answers, in addition to having the descriptive memorial of the researcher teacher, who is also an active teacher in the studied network. The record of the data collections was through the transcriptions of the recordings of the interviews and later interpreted through the content analysis and triangulated with the researched bibliographic review. The expectation of the work, in addition to identifying the objectives, intrinsically wanted to favor reflection and a possible exchange of experiences, enabling a look at the planning itself in the face of a reality that, despite guaranteeing the component mentioned in the school, does not guarantee its systematization. Regarding the results, the surveyed professors said they carried out and carried out their plans despite pointing out, for the most part, that the lack of adequate space and materials was a major obstacle, and the lack of continuing education was also cited as a disincentive. Despite this, they have slightly different conceptions and directions in relation to the objectives of their planning, realizing that the network does not offer pedagogical support, characterizing the lack of organization for this curricular component.
Recuperação espontânea, curso temporal e influência circadiana na habituação das respostas cardiovasculares ao estresse de restrição repetido em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Santos, Carlos Eduardo dos; Benini, Ricardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3972492902132382; Crestani, Carlos Cesar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1989222728400756
Stress is related to the development of several cardiovascular diseases. These diseases are related to morphofunctional changes that can be triggered by chronic exposure to aversive events. However, an important adaptive mechanism that seems to reduce morphofunctional changes and diseases is the progressive reduction in physiological responses upon repeated exposure to the same stressor stimulus, a phenomenon called habituation. Despite the relevance of the habituation process, the mechanisms related to this phenomenon are still poorly understood. Thus, the objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate in male rats how many days of restraint stress are necessary for habituation to occur; 2) identify how many days of interruption of the repeated restraint stress protocol are necessary for the recovery of the habituated response (i.e., spontaneous recovery); and 3) to verify if the period of the day influences the magnitude of the habituation process in rats. We also evaluated the habituation of the corticosterone response to repeated restraint stress. We observed that the increase in serum corticosterone decreased during the stress of recovery period of the 10th session of restraint, when compared to the response of animals acutely stressed. The habituation of cardiovascular responses was identified as a faster return of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) to baseline values during the recovery period of the 10th restraint session. Habituation of HR and BP was still observed after 10 days of discontinuation of the repeated exposure to restraing stress. However, spontaneous recovery of both habituated responses was observed 20 days after the last session of repeated restraint exposure. Time course analysis revealed decreased HR values during the recovery period at the 3rd restraint session, with no further reduction at the 5th, 7th and 10th sessions. The decrease in BP response was identified at the 3rd and 5th sessions, while reduced response of the tail skin temperature was observed only at the 5th and 7th sessions. Regarding the time of day, habituation to the tachycardic response was identified when repeated restraint stress was performed on the morning and evening, but not in the afternoon. Together, these findings provide evidence of spontaneous recovery of the habituation of cardiovascular responses to repeated restraint stress. The results also indicate that cardiovascular habituation depends on the number of trials and the time of day.
Trabalho, subjetividade e processo de adoecimento: os trabalhadores de software em São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Machado, Sara Luiza; Pires, Aline Suelen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2540416286016708
The city of São Carlos-SP is a favorable environment for the installation of information technology companies, due to the presence of universities and institutes focused on technological training and the existence of coworking spaces. Regarding the IT worker, specifically that of software production, this represents a synthesis of the “new” flexible worker profile, considering the forms of organization of his work and the requirements for the exercise of the activity, which has a high demand in terms of cognitive and subjective. Thus, the objective of this work was to understand how the work process and content in the information technology segment impact the subjectivity of the workers surveyed, as well as to understand what their perception is about their own subjectivity / health. Qualitative methodology was used, especially interviews based on a semi-structured script. It is noted that there is a weakening of the limits between work and personal life, with the naturalization of carrying out work activities in moments of rest. In relation to job control, customer interference is seen as stressful, since charges are excessive and orders are not well established. Due to the pace of work, young people are considered the ideal type of worker, while aging is associated with the feeling of professional exhaustion. From the perspective that work contributes to a “greater good”, recognition is an important factor in terms of staying in the job and keeping the worker in a healthy condition. In the work environment, there are spaces that seek to add productivity with fun, seeking to propagate the “love your work” discourse. In addition, some companies, despite maintaining speeches that show concern for the mental health of workers, in practice present strict parameters of goals and results, which has important impacts on the subjectivity of professionals.
Estudo de viabilidade da aplicação do concreto pré-moldado em reservatórios do sistema de abastecimento de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Reis, Fabrício André Nogueira dos; Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4769299988244160
This work aimed to study the economic and financial viability of the application of precast concrete for the construction of circular surface reservoir in urban infrastructure works, considering the current conditions and the premises adopted in the analyzes. In addition, an economic-financial feasibility analysis methodology was presented to assist the decision-making of project managers in choosing the construction system during the preliminary study stage of the project. Using the Equivalent Annual Cost method and sensitivity analysis of indicators with the variation of the input data, the economic indicators were compared between the construction of the prestressed precast concrete reservoir and the construction in cast in place concrete with post prestressing in greased strings and, it was concluded that, under the current market conditions, in many situations the economic and financial results were satisfactory for the precast concrete when it was considered the benefit of anticipating the start of operation of the system water supply, resulting in increases in operating profits in the project's cash flow in relation to the cast in place concrete reservoir. However, there must be a strict planning and control of deadlines and interferences for compatibility of all works that will provide functionality to the water supply system, because when it was not considered to take advantage of the potential of the system's inauguration with the use of precast concrete, there was no situation of economic and financial viability of the use of this construction system in comparison to the use of cast in place concrete, in the current conditions of the Brazilian market. In this research, the impact of the project's useful life, maintenance costs, transport costs, operating profit per residence of the concessionaire company and the anticipation of the start-up time of the water supply system with the use of precast concrete were also evaluated on the economic and financial indicators of the feasibility analysis.
Adaptação cultural e validação dos instrumentos “Questionnaire for the assessment of pelvic floor disorders and theis risk factors during pregnancy and post partum” e “Childbirth experience questionnaire” para o português/Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-04-30) Vieira, Renata Cristina Martins da Silva; Driusso, Patricia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4878762298581142
The Questionnaire for the evaluation of pelvic floor disorders and their risk factors during pregnancy and postpartum was designed to evaluate pelvic floor dysfunctions, such as urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and sexual dysfunctions during pregnancy and postpartum, while the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) is an instrument developed to assess women's perceptions of labor and delivery. Study I aimed to: perform cultural adaptation and validation of the CEQ questionnaire for Portuguese/Brazil (CEQ-B). The translation of the CEQ version was performed, analyzed by the Committee of Experts, back-translation and pre-testing. Two applications of CEQ-B together with the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short - Form Health Survey (SF-36) quality of life questionnaire, and the Likert Scale applied to assess the level of difficulty in answering the instrument. Participants were 308 women with a mean age of 31.1 ± 8.7 years, the results of internal consistency of the total CEQ-B score were 0.89, the test-retest showed substantial results, with ICC of 0.90 and the validity of the construct was made through spearman's correlation between all domains of the SF-36 and the total score of the CEQ-B, the analyses were considered adequate. Study II aimed to perform the validation and cultural adaptation of the Questionnaire for the evaluation of pelvic floor disorders and their risk factors during pregnancy and postpartum (QMAP) for the Portuguese/ Brazil. The questionnaire was translated and after evaluation by the Committee of Experts the back translation was made and after this, the pre-test was performed. The participants answered the questionnaire twice, with an interval of 7 to 10 days and also answered the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short - Form Health Survey (SF-36). Sixty-six women (77% pregnant and 23% postpartum women) participated in the study, with a mean age of 26.5 ± 5.8. There was no missing, no floor-ceiling effect, internal consistency was 0.71 (Cronbach's Alpha), and construct validity assessed with the physical aspect domain of the SF-36 questionnaire was considered moderate, the reproducibility result made by the retest test obtained a result of 0.72. It was possible to conclude that the questionnaire instruments for the evaluation of pelvic floor disorders and their risk factors during pregnancy and postpartum (QMAP) and Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ-B) were considered validated and reproducible for use in the Brazilian population.