Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2020-05-15"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

“Catatau”, fanzine e poesia: escrita nas prisões cearenses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-15) Accioly, Maria Izabel Feitosa; Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7683928844133271
This dissertation is dedicated to describe what prisoners from Ceará write, how they write and what effects this writing produces and what place it occupies in the prison context. I expand the ethnographic field work that I have been doing since 2015 in prisons in Ceará that house provisional prisoners in order to investigate how writing can express an incarcerated life experience. I think how this experience of being imprisoned is produced, in the feeling of representation and belonging and in the presentation of different perspectives of what it is to be imprisoned. Thus, I look at the ways in which these individuals create the conditions to carry out the activity of writing in a space of daily interdictions. I observe what the paper, in its content and form, says about these people, the events they experience in ways they live and the ways they relate to other inmates, their families and professionals who work in the prison. I seek the narratives of inmates of the Casa de Privação Provisória de Liberdade Professor Jucá Neto - CPPL III, located in Itaitinga/CE, but I privilege those who organize their intramural experience through writing configured in the productions of catataus, fanzines and poetic manuscripts that circulate there, as well as those of a custodian who became one of my main interlocutors, Adão
Agricultura familiar e alimentação escolar nos grandes municípios paulistas: análise das características institucionais em redes políticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-15) Bueno, Gabriel; Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0206300651443037
The Federal Law 11.947 of 2009 establishes - in its article 14 - that states and counties, when carrying out actions of the National School Feeding Program (PNAE), must spend at least 30% of the resources received from the National Fund for the Development of Education (FNDE) buying products from family farming. Such regulation aims at forming a policy network, defined as a set of relatively stable relationships between various actors that have an interdependent nature in sharing resources. The logic of the networks advances in explaining the coordination mechanisms between the actors in public policies. It is argued that networks gradually emerge because actors begin to interact and when they exist for a longer period, institutional characteristics such as patterns of interaction, patterns of perceptions and rules emerge. The research aims to analyze the institutional characteristics in political networks structured from the implementation of article 14 of Law 11,947 / 2009 in twenty large cities in São Paulo. From the clusters analysis by the Ward method with 106 family farmers' organizations, it was possible identify four groups of family organizations with different patterns of interaction (intensity and variety) with the counties studied. The variables used in the statistical test were: sales volume (VV), number of counties served (NM) and total years that the organization participated in the Program (TA). A multiple case study was also carried out based on the application of a questionnaire with a family organization from each group observed in the statistical test. The results show that, despite the different patterns of interaction between family organizations in different clusters, some perceptions about the main problems in the process of purchasing products from family farming for school meals are similar. The perceptions about the rules are connected to the actor, as they vary according to the actor's situation in the network and how he feels affected by the compliance (or not) of these rules.
Mitigação do desperdício de alimentos: práticas e causas na díade fornecedor-supermercado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-15) Moraes, Camila Colombo de; Silva, Andrea Lago da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2380499339281186; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5506596182566747
Food waste is a matter of priority on international agendas, given its environmental, social and economic impacts. In this context, the implementation of practices to mitigate food waste is an efficient way to support economic growth and reduce social and environmental impacts. However, the literature is dominated by research carried out in developed countries and, although the practices presented are useful, there are few analyzes in developing countries, especially in Brazil. Reduction practices should be adapted to local situations of each country, in order to deal with the different barriers and facilitators for their implementation. Thus, the purpose of this research was to understand how external resources (RDT - Resource Dependence Theory) and internal resources (RBV - Resourced Based View) that influence the adoption of practices to mitigate the causes of FV (fruits and vegetables) waste in the supplier-supermarket dyad. First, a literature review was carried out, followed by a multi-case study composed of four cases (supplier-supermarket dyad), in which the activities of distribution, storage, exhibition, handling and disposal of FV in stores and distribution centers were analyzed. Thus, it was possible to characterize the external and internal resources to understand how they can influence the adoption of reduction practices, reflecting in the mitigation of the causes of FV waste. The resources identified in this research play a different role in each member of the dyad and can become barriers or facilitators for reducing food waste. Legislation, cultural aspects, financial aspects (financial return) and the lack of encouragement for cooperation can be barriers to the implementation of reduction practices. While access to technology, expansion of the relationship network, location, training and knowledge of operations can act as facilitators for this implementation. As a theoretical implication, this research identifies mitigation practices and causes of food waste, within the context of a developing country like Brazil. Second, it identifies an individualistic behavior in supermarkets, which, due to its great market power, pushes waste to other links in the supply chain. Third, it uses two theories within organizations to understand food waste in the context of the supply chain. As a managerial implication, the findings in this study can help managers to identify and map the causes of food waste in their operations, as well as to analyze the best reduction practices according to the particularities of each organization. Besides that, with the identification of barriers and facilitators, supermarkets and suppliers can adjust strategies to overcome these barriers, as well as analyze the opportunities arising from the facilitators, sharing benefits and costs.
Desenvolvimento de uma escala para medição de práticas da Produção mais Limpa (P+L)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-15) Borges, Thyago de Melo Duarte; Ganga, Gilberto Miller Devós; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062191157466610; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5340441592694626
The increase in materials production and consumption is one of the characteristics of the modern society. This increase, when performed inefficiently, results in the negative environmental impacts on the planet. In this context, it is important to highlight the activities from the industries. Since they are considered as one of the main agents responsible for the increase of such impacts. An alternative to solve this problem is the adoption of the Cleaner Production (CP), a strategy that aims to reduce the environmental impacts by investigating the origin of its causes and proposing practices that eliminate or reduce the generation of these impacts. In order for these companies properly manage these practices, it is necessary that they check and measure the level of implementation of such practices, using for that purpose an instrument (scale) which allows this measurement. In this context, the objective of this thesis is the development of a scale which measure the level of CP practices implementation. The methodological approach used for this objective was mixed, which included the steps necessary to develop a scale : specification of theoretical domains and operational definition of constructs, generation of items, face validation, pre-test and scale purification, reliability and validity analysis of the scale. With this methodological approach, it was possible to create a scale with 08 constructs and 25 practices. This model was validated in terms of construct reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity. In theoretical terms, this research is relevant because it fills a gap in the literature by developing a scale that measures CP practices in the companies. In practical terms, this research is also relevant because each company can analyse its own performance and extract informations to guide the company´s environmental management. It also possible the utilization of this scale as a bechmarking tool between companies from the same sector or from differents ones.
Influência da desconexão de habitats na quitridiomicose e no microbioma cutâneo de anfíbios anuros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-15) Martins, Renato Augusto; Becker, Carlos Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2671687762419507; São Pedro, Vinícius de Avelar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7404103190291423; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4283252154576866
Habitat split can be defined as the human-induced discontinuity between habitats used by different stages of the life history of a species. The main affected species are those that need to migrate between distinct habitats to complete their reproductive cycle, as most amphibians species. Much of the ongoing amphibian declines around the world, including Brazil, are based on the emergence of the waterborne chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Although it is already known that habitat split is linked to an increased risk of local amphibian declines and extinctions, little is known how habitat split at the landscape scale increases the risk of chytridiomycosis. It is also known that the symbiotic cutaneous microbiota (the microbiome) is the first line of amphibians defenses against invasive pathogens such as Bd. Thus, disturbance in the cutaneous microbiome caused by deforestation and habitat fragmentation could reduce host defenses against Bd in highly fragmented landscapes. This study aims to test the effect of deforestation and habitat split on host-pathogen dynamics in amphibians, also investigating the relations between the amphibian microbiome diversity, composition, and habitat disturbances. Our results support the hypothesis that, the smaller the fragment and the more disconnected from permanent water bodies, the greater the Bd prevalence and infection loads in amphibian populations, regardless of amphibian reproductive strategy or migratory behavior. In addition, we found that high bacterial richness in the host skin microbiome is correlated with low Bd infections. Our findings highlight that efforts to restore natural riparian vegetation could reduce the risk of chytridiomycosis and contribute to the conservation of amphibians in the Atlantic Forest.