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Dimensões da solidariedade intergeracional nas interações cotidianas de mães e avós de crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25) Tiburcio, Izabella Mariana Gomes; Manzini, Mariana Gurian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9552939271499545; Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9277524534180838
Introduction: Children with cerebral palsy who have epileptic syndromes may experience delays in neuropsychomotor, cognitive and social development. The greater the degree of involvement, the greater the need to support families that live with instability and stress in their daily lives. Objective: To describe dimensions of intergenerational family solidarity (SFI) in the daily interactions of mothers and grandparents of children with cerebral palsy who have epileptic syndromes. Method: Descriptive study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Three mothers and three grandparents of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy and epileptic syndromes participated in the research. The instruments used were: Inventory Pedicat, Economic Classification Brazil and a set of scales to measure certain dimensions of Intergenerational Solidarity (functional, affective and conflictual), quality of life and relationships. Results: The data, described in the form of three case studies, reveal the presence of the dimensions of the SIF analyzed with similarities and differences depending on the characteristics of the actors, the conditions present in the contexts and the challenges that families face in their daily lives. In two cases studied, the presence of the functional dimension, proximity, communication and understanding was verified. On the other hand, one of the dyads revealed a lack of help and reciprocity, the presence of conflicts, negative feelings and isolation. Conclusion: The mother-grandmother dyads of children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy who have a high degree of dependence on routine activities benefit when the affective, functional dimensions are present with low levels of conflicts.
Química experimental: uma abordagem investigativa do teor de ferro em alimentos por espectrofotometria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25) Dias, Estela de Lima; Lupetti, Karina Omuro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2922612816768912
Practical activities in the laboratory are guided by script with traditional procedures, and in order to carry out the experiments, it is necessary to follow a linear sequence, which the professor or text direct what and how to do. The aim of this work is to put the student on a position to carry out research, using concepts, develop skills, attitudes and values. The students assumed the role of researcher, reflecting critically on their way of thinking and acting. The teachers' role in this construction was to problematize the phenomena, question the students and the data, make relationships, contextualize the learned content, and stimulate the creativity and involvement of the students. Experimentation by an investigative approach was adopted, which is one of the ways to promote Scientific Literacy, which, briefly, prepare students for life in society, taking into account their citizen, critical and responsible activity. The progress and application of this project were analyzed through systematic observation and by categorizing the data obtained in the application of diagnostic questionnaires, according to the consulted references. At the end of the completed project, the investigative activity of analysis of iron in food by ultraviolet spectrophotometry has developed research habilities, and scientific communication among students supported by the articulation of knowledge already acquired. It also had possibilited training new studies, stimulating the performance of team activities and cooperation between the students involved, in addition to prepare them for the professional activities of chemistry technician.
Efeitos da prática de natação sobre o controle postural e a aprendizagem de habilidades aquáticas em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25) Gonçalves, Maria Luísa Bacca; Godoi Jacomassi, Daniela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699007812483790; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6927545252682142
Worldwide, the number of older people is growing rapidly and it is a direct consequence from fertility rates decline and life expectancy increase the older ages. Thus, its necessary to develop strategies for health promotion, diseases prevention, delaying functional declines and, consequently, enhance quality of life in older people. The regular practice of physical exercises has proved to be an efficient strategy in the improvement of biopsychosocial aspects in older adults, mainly when it involves the execution of new motor skills has been observed. However, few studies have investigated the effects of a period of practice about postural control and the learning of new motor skills in older people (mainly in physically active older people), with no studies in the literature about the effects of swimming practice on postural control and aquatic skills learning in these population. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the effect of a swimming program of postural control and aquatic swimming skills in physically active older adults. In this sense, two studies were conducted. Study 1, entitled “Effect of swimming practice on postural control in older adults”, aimed to investigate the effects of swimming practice on postural control in older adults”. Participated in Study 1 24 physically active older adults, divided into two groups: Swimming Group (n=12; age: 69,6 ± 4,7 years; weight: 71,0 ± 17,6 kg; height: 1,63 ± 0,09 m) that took part in a swimming program carried out for a period of 12 weeks and consisting of 24 swimming practice sessions; and a Control Group (n=12; age: 64,3 ± 3,7 years; weight: 76,6 ± 12,7 kg; height: 1,67 ± 0,08 m), that didn’t take part in the swimming program. Postural control was assessed before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the intervention using a force platform on which the individuals remained standing, in 8 different experimental conditions that involved manipulations at the base of support, vision and surface in order to check the behavior of the center of pressure. Study 2, entitled “Does a 12-week swimming program promote aquatic skill learning in older adults?”, aimed to investigate the effect of a swimming program on the learning of aquatic skills in older adults. Participated in the Study 2 the older adults who made up the Swimming Group in the Study 1. Aquatic skills were assessed before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the swimming program, and one week after the post-test (retention test) through a checklist (Scale of Swimming Skills) consisting of performance criteria and subdivided into two subtests: adaptation to the aquatic environment and front crawl. In general, the results of Study 1 revealed differences from pre- to post-test in three of the experimental conditions evaluated for the amplitude (maximum – minimum) of the center of pressure displacement, indicating that the Swimming Group benefited from the practice, mainly under more challenging balance conditions when compared to the Group Control. In the Study 2 results revealed increases from pre-test to post-test and retention test for adaptation to the aquatic environment score, front crawl score, and total score of the Scale of Swimming Skills. Based upon these results, it is possible to conclude that a 12-week swimming program, as a new and additional sensorimotor experience to the routine of physically active older people, led to improvement of postural control and the learning of aquatic skills of adaptation to aquatic environment and front crawl, enhancing the positive biopsychosocial effects that physical exercise brings to the older people.
Ações de professores pré-escolares para identificação de alunos com deficiência ou atraso no desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25) Belga, Jéssica Souza Coutinho; Borges, Laura; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4828937301601338; Cia, Fabiana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7935446543357502
Children's education at daycare centers and pre-schools has gotten more and more visibility, babies and children have been spending more time at these units of child education, making it possible for teachers and other school staff and members to identify possible delays in the child's development. That said, this work has sought to understand how the process of identification of children's delays in their development or a suspected disability in the environment of an educational institution through the teacher. Therefore, the objectives of the research were: (a) to identify which child's characteristics, behaviors, or actions can be noticed by teachers and suppose one of them can be going through a delay in their development or a deficiency and (b) to identify which procedures are to be taken by teachers in the process of behavioral evaluation and forwarding the child to an ideal diagnosis. Five teachers from a child educational institution have participated in this research, of which have had experience with students thought to have delays in their process of growth-development or hypothetical deficiency. To collect data, a semi-structured interview script, elaborated by the researcher, has been used. The research had a qualitative character, creating categories to improve analysis and data debates. The results showed that teachers identify possible developmental delays or hypotheses of disability and report the family seeking to observe the child in other environments and contribute to the identification, referrals and interventions to be carried out with the child, the school also carries out referrals involving the pedagogical coordination, the family and health professionals. Based on the reports, it was possible to identify the need for continuing education for teachers to help them identify and intervene, in addition to the need for family support, which is essential for continuing the investigation and possible diagnosis.