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Efeitos da prática de natação sobre o controle postural e a aprendizagem de habilidades aquáticas em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25)
Gonçalves, Maria Luísa Bacca
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Godoi Jacomassi, Daniela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699007812483790
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6927545252682142
Worldwide, the number of older people is growing rapidly and it is a direct consequence from fertility rates decline and life expectancy increase the older ages. Thus, its necessary to develop strategies for health promotion, diseases prevention, delaying functional declines and, consequently, enhance quality of life in older people. The regular practice of physical exercises has proved to be an efficient strategy in the improvement of biopsychosocial aspects in older adults, mainly when it involves the execution of new motor skills has been observed. However, few studies have investigated the effects of a period of practice about postural control and the learning of new motor skills in older people (mainly in physically active older people), with no studies in the literature about the effects of swimming practice on postural control and aquatic skills learning in these population. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the effect of a swimming program of postural control and aquatic swimming skills in physically active older adults. In this sense, two studies were conducted. Study 1, entitled “Effect of swimming practice on postural control in older adults”, aimed to investigate the effects of swimming practice on postural control in older adults”. Participated in Study 1 24 physically active older adults, divided into two groups: Swimming Group (n=12; age: 69,6 ± 4,7 years; weight: 71,0 ± 17,6 kg; height: 1,63 ± 0,09 m) that took part in a swimming program carried out for a period of 12 weeks and consisting of 24 swimming practice sessions; and a Control Group (n=12; age: 64,3 ± 3,7 years; weight: 76,6 ± 12,7 kg; height: 1,67 ± 0,08 m), that didn’t take part in the swimming program. Postural control was assessed before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the intervention using a force platform on which the individuals remained standing, in 8 different experimental conditions that involved manipulations at the base of support, vision and surface in order to check the behavior of the center of pressure. Study 2, entitled “Does a 12-week swimming program promote aquatic skill learning in older adults?”, aimed to investigate the effect of a swimming program on the learning of aquatic skills in older adults. Participated in the Study 2 the older adults who made up the Swimming Group in the Study 1. Aquatic skills were assessed before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the swimming program, and one week after the post-test (retention test) through a checklist (Scale of Swimming Skills) consisting of performance criteria and subdivided into two subtests: adaptation to the aquatic environment and front crawl. In general, the results of Study 1 revealed differences from pre- to post-test in three of the experimental conditions evaluated for the amplitude (maximum – minimum) of the center of pressure displacement, indicating that the Swimming Group benefited from the practice, mainly under more challenging balance conditions when compared to the Group Control. In the Study 2 results revealed increases from pre-test to post-test and retention test for adaptation to the aquatic environment score, front crawl score, and total score of the Scale of Swimming Skills. Based upon these results, it is possible to conclude that a 12-week swimming program, as a new and additional sensorimotor experience to the routine of physically active older people, led to improvement of postural control and the learning of aquatic skills of adaptation to aquatic environment and front crawl, enhancing the positive biopsychosocial effects that physical exercise brings to the older people.
Dimensões da solidariedade intergeracional nas interações cotidianas de mães e avós de crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25)
Tiburcio, Izabella Mariana Gomes
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Manzini, Mariana Gurian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9552939271499545
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Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350
Introduction: Children with cerebral palsy who have epileptic syndromes may experience delays in neuropsychomotor, cognitive and social development. The greater the degree of involvement, the greater the need to support families that live with instability and stress in their daily lives. Objective: To describe dimensions of intergenerational family solidarity (SFI) in the daily interactions of mothers and grandparents of children with cerebral palsy who have epileptic syndromes. Method: Descriptive study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Three mothers and three grandparents of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy and epileptic syndromes participated in the research. The instruments used were: Inventory Pedicat, Economic Classification Brazil and a set of scales to measure certain dimensions of Intergenerational Solidarity (functional, affective and conflictual), quality of life and relationships. Results: The data, described in the form of three case studies, reveal the presence of the dimensions of the SIF analyzed with similarities and differences depending on the characteristics of the actors, the conditions present in the contexts and the challenges that families face in their daily lives. In two cases studied, the presence of the functional dimension, proximity, communication and understanding was verified. On the other hand, one of the dyads revealed a lack of help and reciprocity, the presence of conflicts, negative feelings and isolation. Conclusion: The mother-grandmother dyads of children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy who have a high degree of dependence on routine activities benefit when the affective, functional dimensions are present with low levels of conflicts.
Química experimental: uma abordagem investigativa do teor de ferro em alimentos por espectrofotometria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25)
Dias, Estela de Lima
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Lupetti, Karina Omuro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2922612816768912
Practical activities in the laboratory are guided by script with traditional procedures, and in order to carry out the experiments, it is necessary to follow a linear sequence, which the professor or text direct what and how to do. The aim of this work is to put the student on a position to carry out research, using concepts, develop skills, attitudes and values. The students assumed the role of researcher, reflecting critically on their way of thinking and acting. The teachers' role in this construction was to problematize the phenomena, question the students and the data, make relationships, contextualize the learned content, and stimulate the creativity and involvement of the students. Experimentation by an investigative approach was adopted, which is one of the ways to promote Scientific Literacy, which, briefly, prepare students for life in society, taking into account their citizen, critical and responsible activity. The progress and application of this project were analyzed through systematic observation and by categorizing the data obtained in the application of diagnostic questionnaires, according to the consulted references. At the end of the completed project, the investigative activity of analysis of iron in food by ultraviolet spectrophotometry has developed research habilities, and scientific communication among students supported by the articulation of knowledge already acquired. It also had possibilited training new studies, stimulating the performance of team activities and cooperation between the students involved, in addition to prepare them for the professional activities of chemistry technician.
Ações de professores pré-escolares para identificação de alunos com deficiência ou atraso no desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-25)
Belga, Jéssica Souza Coutinho
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Borges, Laura
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4828937301601338
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Cia, Fabiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
Children's education at daycare centers and pre-schools has gotten more and more visibility, babies and children have been spending more time at these units of child education, making it possible for teachers and other school staff and members to identify possible delays in the child's development. That said, this work has sought to understand how the process of identification of children's delays in their development or a suspected disability in the environment of an educational institution through the teacher. Therefore, the objectives of the research were: (a) to identify which child's characteristics, behaviors, or actions can be noticed by teachers and suppose one of them can be going through a delay in their development or a deficiency and (b) to identify which procedures are to be taken by teachers in the process of behavioral evaluation and forwarding the child to an ideal diagnosis. Five teachers from a child educational institution have participated in this research, of which have had experience with students thought to have delays in their process of growth-development or hypothetical deficiency. To collect data, a semi-structured interview script, elaborated by the researcher, has been used. The research had a qualitative character, creating categories to improve analysis and data debates. The results showed that teachers identify possible developmental delays or hypotheses of disability and report the family seeking to observe the child in other environments and contribute to the identification, referrals and interventions to be carried out with the child, the school also carries out referrals involving the pedagogical coordination, the family and health professionals. Based on the reports, it was possible to identify the need for continuing education for teachers to help them identify and intervene, in addition to the need for family support, which is essential for continuing the investigation and possible diagnosis.
O intercâmbio político entre parlamentares e as emissoras paulistas de televisão católica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-26)
Placeres, Giulliano
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934470553582911
This research addresses the mutual political support between parliamentarians and the four largest Brazilian Catholic Television Networks: TV Aparecida, Canção Nova, Rede Vida, TV Século XXI. It is pointed out the role of social actors in favor of such television channels, and equally, the politic electoral support they receive from them. Support for these TV Channels it’s a part of a catholic strategy to act against the advancement of Evangelic denominations, as such as a incentive to the Catholic Charismatic Renewal movement (RCC). There is in this context the election of parliamentarians with catholic identity in National Congress, linked to RCC. Based on systematic bibliographic and field research the relationships between politicians and religious are analyzed: process of concession and granting of TV stations by the federal government and election campaigns. Among the subjects mentioned stand out the coordinated actions between priests, bishops, cardinals, entrepreneurs, parliamentarians as deputies, governors, state ministers beside presidents. The research show how the action of such agents moving in different power fields made a significant role in the creation and maintenance of Catholic Television Networks. On the other hand, the existence of such communicative vehicles in the Brazilian religious market contributed to the continuous catholic evation to be not even more substantive.
Efeito do treino precoce com luvas abertas aderentes no aprimoramento do alcance de lactentes de baixo nível socioeconômico: ensaio clínico randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-26)
Greco, Ana Luiza Righetto
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8178156391245721
In the early stages of motor development, the infant develops the reaching skill. The variability of the movements of the upper limbs added to the exteroceptive stimuli are important for the improvement of this skill. However, a context of adversity can be harmful to the infant. The multiple risks associated with poverty to which infants and their families are exposed can negatively impact child development. For instance, especially in the first year of life, low socioeconomic status infants may have limitations in activities related to oral and manual exploration, cognition and attention. Since motor development is not a process that occurs in isolation, but more than that, it is related to other areas of development, limitations in early motor activities resulting from adverse environments can impact future motor and cognitive development. Thus, providing intervention strategies for at-risk infants early in life can be beneficial, since this is the most opportune time to prevent or minimize possible limitations on activities and restrictions on social participation. The application of active training protocols has been documented in the literature. Evidence points to the beneficial effects of active reaching-specific training protocols as well as sticky mittens. However, there is no consensus on the effectiveness of using sticky mittens as a strategy to improve reaching, grasping and manual exploration of objects. In an attempt to deepen in this topic and answers to conflicting questions, the present study was composed of two studies. Study 1, entitled “Active training with sticky mittens to improve reaching and manual exploration in term and at-risk infants: a systematic review”, aimed to systematically investigate the effectiveness of active training with sticky mittens to improve reaching and manual exploration in healthy full-term and at-risk infants for the motor delay. The synthesis of the evidence showed that the active training with sticky mittens to improve reaching and the manual exploration of objects presented very low evidence in infants born at term and low evidence in at-risk infants. Study 2, entitled “Effects of specific training with open sticky mittens on improving reach in low socioeconomic status infants: a randomized clinical trial”, aimed to investigate the effects of applying active training with open sticky mittens on improving the reach of low socioeconomic status infants at the age of emergency of reaching and at 6 months of chronological age. The results showed that the effectiveness of active training of specific task of reaching with open sticky mittens was not superior to social training in low socioeconomic status infants. Low socioeconomic status infants in both groups had an adequate functional pattern of reaching at six months of age, however, the performance of reaching movements was below to age. This work highlights the importance of recognizing the potential risk that poverty represents for infants living in these conditions.
Análise dos efeitos de agrotóxicos sobre a espécie Scaptotrigona postica Latreille, 1807
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-26)
Orsi, Letícia
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0294733515919280
Pollination is an important process for maintaining biodiversity, and bees are the main pollinators of most natural environments. Among the species found in Brazil, is Scaptotrigona postica Latreille, 1807, a species with stunted, eussocial and belonging to the Trigonini tribe. Even though bees are considered of extreme importance, some actions are causing the population of these insects to decrease, as is the case of the exaggerated and mistaken use of pesticides. This study aimed to expose forage bees, orally, to sublethal concentrations isolated from the insecticide dimetoate and the fungicide azoxystrobin (acute and chronic exposure), and also to evaluate and compare the morphological changes caused in the midgut and Malpighian tubules by both types of exposure. The morphological analyzes were made from sections carried out in microtome, in different depths of the organs, which underwent double staining techniques using Hematoxylin and Eosin. The slides were analyzed taking into account the following changes in the organs: loss of cytoplasmic material, loss of brush border, elimination of cells to the lumen, loss of regenerative cell nests, cell swelling, cells with pycnotic nuclei, apocrine secretion and spherocrystals. For each observed change, a pre-established score value was used, which depends on the intensity of the change in the organ. From the results obtained, it was observed that acute and chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations of pesticides were able to cause changes in the parameters mentioned, in both organs, with the exception of apocrine and spherocrystal secretion. Thus, it is concluded that acute and chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations of dimethoate and azoxystrobin cause morphological changes in important organs involved in the metabolic route of pesticides in S. postica.
Uso da voltametria de onda quadrada e eletrodo de diamante dopado com boro no estudo de processos redox de compostos aromáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-26)
Alves, Eliezer de Oliveira
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Freitas, Jhonys Machado de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068549631838036
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
This work presents usual concepts and examples reported in the literature on studies of redox processes involving boron-doped diamond electrodes in applications of the technique square-wave voltammetry in the development of electroanalytical methods. When analyzing the conclusions presented in the chosen works, the need to address such studies more explicitly was verified. For such, a series of tests carried out during the development of new methods for the determination of aromatic compounds were listed. These tests were chosen to create a link between the obtained experimental data and the current theoretical models addressed. The individual presentation of each test for the investigation of redox processes was chosen to facilitate the understanding of the theoretical aspects covered in this work and of the respective experimental applications. In addition to the examples, some experimental data obtained in the development of a new electroanalytical method for the detection of melamine are also presented. These data were obtained during the elaboration of this monograph. It is expected that this material can guide students and researchers with simplicity in the evaluation of different aspects of redox processes, present in the determination of aromatic compounds using square-wave voltammetry and boron-doped diamond electrodes.
Abordagem colaborativa para segmentação de áreas degradadas e regeneradas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Pereira, Rodolfo Luiz Cugler
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Rossi, André Luis Debiaso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5604829226181486
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Felipussi, Siovani Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2119337662024862
Forests have huge environmental, social and economic importance. However, over the years they have been destroyed and transformed into pastures, agricultural fields, etc. Due to the popularity of remote sensing images, specifically the images acquired by the Landsat satellite series, several studies were proposed to find, monitor and analyze deforestation rates. However, researches indicate that images with higher spatial resolutions can overcome the results. Segmentation of remote sensing images is a crucial factor to support the inspection of deforested areas. Literature has different segmentation and pattern recognition techniques that have been used to solve this problem. Furthermore, these studies show the results of hybrid segmentation methods are better than single methods. Therefore, this research proposes a collaborative framework to segment and classify deforested areas. This approach analyzes four different segmentation methods (SAVI, AM techniques, multi-scale segmentation method and the marker-controlled watershed-based segmentation method) to suggest deforested areas in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Results were compared with real environmental infractions found by the Military Environmental Police of the State of São Paulo manually and proved to be promising. Therefore, the proposal for a collaborative approach to suggest degraded areas becomes relevant as an approach to help the inspection of deforestation by police.
Políticas públicas e imóveis ociosos: aplicabilidade da função social a favor do envelhecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Portes, Filipe Augusto
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Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491069760631962
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Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890278808923978
The demographic transition represents a complex and unprecedented phenomenon in the history of mankind, and never before has there been such a large number of elderly people in the world. Projections point out that in Brazil population aging tends to intensify in the coming decades, requiring relevant strategies on the part of public authorities and society. Concomitantly, Brazilian cities have unequal conditions, marked by socio-spatial segregation, and reveal a considerable idle real estate stock. This scenario contradicts the principles laid down by the legislation and tends to represent an even greater problem in view of the current demographic dynamics. Therefore, it is understood the importance of actions and policies that promote the right to the city, especially those most vulnerable. In this sense, this work systematizes alternatives to demands that are interrelated with the progress of population aging, based on the precept of the social function of property and based on legislative analysis of legal-urban instruments. Thus, it is understood that social inclusion, made possible through the democratization of urban space, represents a key element in the promotion of conditions relevant to old age. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the presence of idle properties in the central region of the municipality of Araraquara (SP), aiming at the applicability of the social function, requalifying them for housing and / or social facilities that serve people in the old age phase. The study has a cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory character, based on the assumptions of the quantitative-qualitative method of investigation. This work represents an outline of a larger project, entitled “Right to the City and the Elderly: proposal for requalification of idle properties”, which was carried out with regular assistance from FAPESP (process nº 2017 / 15781-9). In other words, from the field visit phase until the verification of active debt, there was a significant minimization of the findings. In view of the data analysis and analysis, it was possible to identify 62 properties without proper use, 28 of which had been in this situation for at least five years. Of this sample, only 10% had active debt, expressing requirements for action by mechanisms such as the Instituto do Abandono. Such an outcome demonstrates that the link between abandonment and tax burdens, provided for by the legislation, weakens the principles that support the social function of property. Thus, it is possible to perceive the potential of instruments such as PEUC and Social Leasing, which lack specific regulations and applicability at the municipal level. Finally, it could be seen that socio-spatial segregation is a reality fueled by the inapplicability of existing provisions in the constitutional and infraconstitutional wording, exposing the lack of commitment of public agents, among other major factors that make up urban inequality. Thus, the presence of idle properties represents an obstacle to the realization of the right to the city, bringing with it socio-environmental damage inconceivable in the face of contemporary incitement.
Desenvolvimento de metodologias de divulgação científica por meio de pesquisa e produção de mangás
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Iwata, Adriana Yumi
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Lupetti, Karina Omuro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0857992716549884
Science communication can be defined as any practice that proposes to spread the science to the public, with the purpose of arousing interest and motivation in science, as well as informing and disseminating scientific knowledge. This work did an analysis of the state of the art in the production of comic books that introduce scientific topics – science comics - and its reach as entertainment and information media, as well as discussing its potential to teach and /or disseminate science. The objectives of this work were the elaboration and analysis of science communication methodologies involving the use of comics, especially using the Japanese sequential art - manga. The methodology used comprised a series of non-formal activities divided into two lines of research: production of comic books made by the researcher and production of comics by the public, and the scientific theme used in these comics produced focused on the theme of glass. The results obtained showed the potential of comic books as a tool for science communication, both as reading material as an activity that promotes creativity and the development of stories, and the research was successful in developing and validating a methodology using comics as a tool for science communication, using glass as a scientific theme. Activities involving science and art has the possibility to increase the interest of the general public regarding scientific subjects, presenting the science in a different and playful way.
Adição de resíduo de casca de eucalipto em matriz de pvc com diferentes concentrações e tamanhos: caracterização do resíduo e do compósito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Scapolio, Luiz Guilherme Barbin
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Leão, Alcides Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9554636745216452
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
Brazil is the largest producer of short fiber cellulose worldwide, mainly obtained from eucalyptus, which is a fast-growing tree. Due to this high production of cellulose, large amounts of eucalyptus bark residues (EBR) are generated, which, because it is a low-cost material, was chosen as the theme of this work, verifying the possibility of using, adding value to it. Thus, the influence of the addition of ground EBR with different sizes of granulometry - between 75μm and 250μm and between 300μm to 850μm - was evaluated as a load in a PVC matrix in the range of 10 to 40 phr, aiming to obtain composites known as plastic wood. The processing method used was calendering, followed by hot pressing. To understand the residue, chemical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and length-by-diameter (L/D) tests were performed. With the composite were carried out tests of density, tensile, flexural, impact, heat deflection temperature (HDT), moisture absorption and SEM of the fracture tensioned samples. Acicular and irregular shapes were observed in the fillers, as well as the presence of calcium oxalate. In relation to composites, improvements were obtained for the tensile and flexural modulus with the increase in the amount of filler added, wherein the fibers of smaller particle size showed a small positive difference in relation to those of larger particle sizes, however there was a decrease in elongation at break and impact resistance. With SEM it was possible to verify the detachment and pull-out of the fibers in tensile, showing their low adhesion to the matrix. Thus, the use of EBR proved to be possible, however, adjustments in the processing are still necessary to reach the proper properties, investigating the effects of compatibilizers and aging on the composite.
Leitura compartilhada por professores para ampliação das interações comunicativas e linguagens em crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Menotti, Ana Rubia Saes
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9336960748460625
During childhood language difficulties have been identified as a risk factor for social and academic development. Shared story reading plays an important role in promoting the language. The general objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of an intervention program applied by teachers to expand vocabulary and the number of conversations initiated by children in Early Childhood Education, inserted in regions with low socioeconomic status. The thesis had its secondary objective to systematically evaluate the possible effects of this intervention on the acquisition of written language. The work was organized in two studies. Study 1 aimed at verifying the effects of continuing formation with teachers of early childhood education, which should put into specific strategies during shared reading, stimulation of children's oral language and the generalization of these strategies in other daily activities. Study 2, with the general objective of verifying the impact that the continuing formation performed with the teachers in Study 1 had on the development of the children's oral and written language, considering that the teachers started to use more consistently in their classrooms some strategies that they are considered by the literature as efficient for oral language promotion in the school context. The intervention performed in Study 1 showed evidence of changes in teachers' practices, especially in times of shared reading (Study 1), but this result was not enough to verify the increase in oral and written language competence of children who were inserted in the classroom of the teachers participating in the training (Study 2). We discuss the need for refinement of the instruments used to assess children's language competence and also for more lasting and continuous interventions throughout early childhood education.
Da construção do instrumento à roda de viola: cultura caipira e multifuncionalidade rural em Limeira, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Silva, Átila Ramirez da
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Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7469225152408711
This work analyzes the socio-cultural dimension of rural multifunctionality processes and presents a discussion about the rural and its festive aspects. It points to the multiple interactions in the rural environment and its dynamics, which awakens new uses and possibilities of rural spaces beyond agriculture. While reporting the inhabited rural space, it presents a discussion on infrastructure in rural territories. It addresses the cultural festivities of rural communities as an important role in the local cultural formation, more precisely the festivities of folias de reis, Cururu, São Gonçalo, São João, Santo Antônio and São Pedro. It presents a case study of viola caipira and rural (re) involvement in the pre-settlement Elizabeth Teixeira in Limeira (SP); held between October 2017 and October 2018. The project held six workshops on the construction of the viola caipira and, through the viola circle, promoted meetings to create a dialogue on cultural educator spaces, from the perspective of Cultura Caipira. In this work, the methodologies used involved bibliographic research, censuses and research in photographic and documentary collections related to the reflection on rural development, religious events and parties. The work favored the creation of indicators of rural (re) involvement and allowed us to understand that what integrates the individual with the territory is the way in which it is related to aspects of nature, culture, language, location and its praxis.
Incidência da ferrugem do eucalipto (Eucalyptus urograndis) em diferentes arranjos agroflorestais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Agápto, João Paulo
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Jesus Junior, Waldir Cintra de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2614953467362376
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Franco, Fernando Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
Considered one of the main eucalyptus diseases, rust (Puccinia psidii) can cause serious damage to the crop if adequate management strategies are not implemented. In general, there is eucalyptus monoculture, with important epidemiological implications, given the fact that the spatio-temporal dynamics of the disease is affected by the distribution of the culture in the field. There is no information in the literature about the development of rust in consortium condition, such as in an agroforestry system. The aim of this study was to compare the rust progress in eucalyptus intercropped with different species, under natural infection conditions. The experiment consisted of three treatments, arranged completely randomly in space. In each treatment the eucalyptus was planted with two different species, namely: T1 - Australian Cedar (Toona ciliata) + Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis) + Banana (Musa acuminata); T2 - consortium Amora (Morus celtidifolia) + Eucalyptus + Pupunha (Bactris gasipaes), and T3 - African Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis) + Eucalyptus + Banana. Each treatment had six repetitions, totaling 18 plots of 9 m2 (2 m x 4.5 m), arranged in alleys. Plant height and diameter, disease incidence and severity were analyzed every fifteen days. The data were collected in two different moments: pre-pruning that was in the period from 08/17/2018 to 09/01/2019 and post-pruning that occurred from 17/04/2019 to 08/13/2019. We used ANOVA followed by the Tukey test, to evaluate differences among treatments. Eucalyptus presented better development in height and diameter in the T2 treatment. The intensity of disease was also significantly lower in T2, both in incidence and severity. The results suggested that the eucalyptus planted in consortium with Amora + Eucalyptus + Pupunha provided less rust intensity.
O circuito curto de comercialização para o desenvolvimento rural: um estudo sobre as feiras-livres de Arapiraca, AL
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Silva, Danielle Viturino da
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Borges, Janice Rodrigues Placeres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2373278362705384
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1044077606994515
The short commercialization circuit, although still in the consolidation phase of the theoretical framework, in Brazil, has several documented local, national and international initiatives. For the study context, the short commercialization circuit is considered a space responsible for direct transactions, which involve monetary values or not, where there is, the presence of even an intermediary. In view of the above, the objective of this work is to carry out a study on how a short commercialization circuit (CCC) contributes to rural development, having as an empirical reference the so-called “Popular Fairs of Family Farming”, located in the municipality of Arapiraca, in the countryside of Alagoas. For this, the quantitative and qualitative approaches were chosen, with several steps outlined: i) bibliographic review centered on five themes: modern agri-food system, short marketing circuits, open markets, family farming and research techniques; ii) recognition visits to the study areas, that is, to the two fairs in the municipality, iii) construction of the primary data collection instrument and its pre-test, iiii) field research, with the application of a questionnaire, conducting recorded interviews and direct observations on the spot. As a result, it was found that the fairs studied are presented as an important commercial space, as they are the spaces that enable the direct sale of products, without the presence of intermediaries, this scenario generates greater financial autonomy for farmers and family farmers. Finally, it can be said that these direct sales, still enabled an amplitude in the network of contacts of the marketers and the construction of relationships based on trust and reciprocity between producer and consumer.
Obtenção de mantas de poli (ácido lático) por fiação por sopro em solução e sua caracterização para uso em sistemas de microfiltração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-27)
Azerêdo, Marina Soares de
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Marconcini, José Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5373845785326215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0424553161533796
In order to remediate the difficulty of access to safe drinking water by 1/3 of the world population and the need to use new processes for obtaining materials, membranes produced by solution blow spinning (SBS) have a great potential for use in liquid filtration due to their small pores (0,2 to 10 µm) and high porosity (>80%), being capable of retaining particles and even microorganisms. In this context, the objective of this work was the production and characterization of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) mats obtained by SBS technique to be morphologically, thermally and mechanically evaluated, as well as to observe their water flux and rejection / retention properties. First, the concentrations of 10 and 16% w/v of PLA/dichloromethane solution were selected due to being the limit concentrations of the semi-diluted regime. Then, process parameters such as injection rate and air pressure were selected from an experimental design of type 23, where the effect of these properties and the solution concentration on the fiber diameters was observed. The non-woven mats produced were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis (TGA and DSC), tensile testing, water flux and rejection performance of alumina particles and retention of E. coli bacteria. It was observed that the lower concentration of polymeric solution led to the obtention of mats with smaller average fiber diameter, greater crystallinity, impacting on their greater tensile strength. The results of water flux showed that the mats obtained from the solution with higher polymer concentration had less resistance to the water flow, being an indication of larger pore diameters. In rejection tests of alumina particles and retention of bacteria, both types of mats had similar performances, with ~34% of rejection of alumina particles and 7% of retention of bacteria. Therefore, this work correlated structure-processing-properties in liquid filtration of PLA mats obtained by the promising technique of solution blow spinning, which presents a series of advantages over the common techniques to obtain nanofibrous membranes.
Remoção de fósforo em efluente por meio de adsorção em bentonita modificada, TechPhos®
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-28)
Assis Abilio, Monica Cristina de
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Fadini, Pedro Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3255060531838427
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3321946521824323
Most of the human activities that use water produce effluents which can contain large amounts of contaminants, such as organic matter, nitrogen compounds, phosphates and metals. In developing countries, the vast majority of wastewater is discharged directly into the environment, without any kind of treatment. In Brazil, usually wastewater treatment plants perform only the primary and secondary stages and do not apply technologies to remove nitrogenous and phosphate compounds from their effluents. High concentrations of these compounds in the water bodies can cause damage to the aquatic life, especially phosphorus, the main responsible for eutrophication processes. Phosphorus is essential for the development of living organisms and is also used in a large scale for soil fertilization and world food production. Phosphorus used to manufacture fertilizers are extracted from phosphate rocks, which are non-renewable sources of this nutrient. The aim of this research is to investigate the removal of phosphorus from the effluent of the wastewater treatment plant Monjolinho of São Carlos city (WWTP Monjolinho), for the purpose of improving the quality of the effluent, protecting aquatic life and to propitiate an alternative of reusing this phosphorus for soil fertilization and plants nutrition. Phosphorus removal strategies were evaluated by struvite precipitation, precipitation as calcium orthophosphates and finally adsorption on a modified mineral clay (modified bentonite). Important parameters in the struvite crystallization process were evaluated, such as pH, concentration of constituent ions, agitation gradient and induction time, however the process proved to be unfeasible, because none struvite crystallization was observed. In the precipitation study of calcium orthophosphates, different pH values were carried out and evaluated, using a calcium source, also unsuccessful in the precipitation processes. Jartest tests were also performed with a mineral clay modified for phosphorus adsorption, and in combination with the application of polymer and polyaluminium chloride (PAC). From the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm studies, the process proved to be favorable, obtaining a maximum adsorption capacity of 3.08 mg P g-1 of adsorbent. In view of the results, the feasibility of using modified bentonite for the removal of phosphate compounds in effluent was observed, with phosphorus removal of up to 97% in combination with PAC, thus obtaining an optimized condition for the removal of phosphorus in the effluent of WWTP Monjolinho.
Descrevendo regiões de imagens através de redes neurais profundas e abstract meaning representation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-28)
Almeida Neto, Antonio Manoel dos Santos
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Almeida, Tiago Agostinho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368680512020633
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Caseli, Helena de Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385
The world around us is composed of images that often need to be translated into words. This translation can take place in parts, converting regions of the image into textual descriptions. The description of the region of an image is the transformation of the information contained in this area into words in natural language, to express the way objects relate to each other. Recently, computational models that seek to perform this task in a similar way to human beings are being proposed, mainly using deep neural networks. As a way to improve the quality of the sentences produced by one of these models, this work verified the employability of the Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) semantic representation in the generation of descriptions for image regions. AMR was investigated as representation formalism, as an alternative to natural language, using it with some variations, so that the machine learning model, using deep neural networks, was able to predict sentences in such representation. The hypothesis of this study, that the use of sentences in the form of AMR would result in better descriptions, was partially confirmed, since the model trained with AMR was superior in almost all evaluations.
Diretrizes para o desenvolvimento de empreendimentos do tipo Student Housing: análise dos novos produtos e necessidades dos estudantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-05-28)
Muller, Hyago Maurício Bremm
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Marques Neto, José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9498771534702374
Student housing was discussed in the literature under the aspects of residential preference and satisfaction; inducing factors of behavior and demand in the real estate market; and influencing variables in choosing the habitation. However, the works that approach topics about real estate meant for students and the new products of the Brazilian real estate market, specifically the ones named Student Housing, are scarce. The problems related to the supply of real estate meant for students in Brazil, mainly in university towns, are directly linked to the low quality of the built environment and the absence of researches that identify the students’ needs. As a solution, there is the Student Housing model, which emerges in an innovative way, once it is concerned about the quality of the built environment, offers equipped and furnished rooms, presents a diversity of services and conveniences, and also provides a complete internal infrastructure for studies, physical activities, leisure and entertainment. However, in order to become competitive in the Real Estate sector, being able to generate income and keep it viable during the operation period, innovating is not enough, it is necessary to capture value, identifying which factors are really important for the target audience. In this context, the present work proposed, initially, through a comparative study of seven Student Housing real states, to investigate the main characteristics of this product model. Such information, added to the bibliographic review of the literature, allowed the exploration, through a survey, of university students’ opinion about the importance of four preestablished requirements (rent, location, services and facilities, and project). Moreover, the preference in the choice for a housing unit through the conjoint analysis technique was also examined, a technique used to correlate typology, number of occupants, and rent prices. The results pointed out that students consider it is very important that their habitations are located near the higher education institution and supermarkets, and present easy access to public transportation. They also indicated that the real estates must offer flexible (shorter) rental agreements; no guarantor/security deposit, a single bill (all inclusive) and also common areas which meet their needs, such as: study room; gym/fitness area; areas for parties with barbecue grills; social area/solarium/garden; private areas with individual bedrooms and bathrooms; private dining room/kitchen with furniture and equipment (kitchenware and appliances). Other important factors are the offer of Wi-Fi internet services in the unit (private area); reception (24/7); cleaning and maintenance of the unit (private area); minimarket/snacks; laundry services; and photocopies and printing services. Finally, the results of the conjoint analysis showed typology as the most important attribute compared to the number of occupants and rent price. Moreover, the results also showed that there is a higher attractiveness for one type of housing unit: standard apartments, projected for individual occupation and with a rent price interval ranging from R$1.100,00 to R$1.700,00. Based on that, fourteen guidelines were suggested to orient the student real estate market agents in the development of their products.