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Concentração bancária no Brasil: trajetórias e conversão de capitais dos conselheiros administrativos dos cinco maiores bancos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18) Vila, Marcio Luis; Sacomano Neto, Mário; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141344966428327
This research analyzed banking concentration in Brazil after the Plano Real implementation in 1994, and how the five largest banks (financial groups) increased their market share, after the insertion of government programs for the privatization of state banks and the restructuring of financial institutions. The trajectory and the capital of board members fromthe five major banks were also evaluated. The objective of research was to analyze longitudinally the banking concentration in Brazil from the Plano Real, to identify the professional trajectory of the directors and what capitals were invested during their careers, as well as the conversion of these capitals, according to Bourdieu's theory. This study used qualitative methodological approach, the research took place through documents analysis, historical and descriptive, with use of prosopography as an investigation technique. Were used data from the five largest financial groups operating in the Brazilian territory, namely: Banco do Brasil, Caixa Econômica Federal, Itaú-Unibanco, Bradesco and Santander, as well as the members of respective Boards of Directors. The main results of the research show the three private banks in the study have expanded their leadership positions through mergers and acquisitions, while state-owned banks, having the government seal, managed to keep up with the largest private banks. The Plano Real and the 2008 Financial Crisis were the biggest tests the banks faced, and as a result we saw an increase in equity and net income surpassing historical series. Regarding the trajectory of the Board members, three types were identified, namely: “De carreira”, a trajectory in which the professionals worked for a lifetime in the institution; “Familiar”, are the professional heirs of the founding families; and “De Mercado”, where most professionals located, are specialists / technicians with long experience in other institutions.
Influence of Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welding (BT-FSW) variants on the microstructure and properties of AA2060 and AA2196 aluminum alloys
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18) Carvalho, Joana Amaral de; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614; Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240425686241302
In order to reduce total costs in aircrafts production, operation and maintenance, materials and processing techniques have been continuously further optimized. In this scenario, aluminum-lithium alloys have been studied due to its mechanical properties, low density and higher fatigue crack growth resistance compared to others aluminum alloys and steels. However, joining technologies usually applied in these alloys present limitations regarding uniformity, energy input and production costs. Since welding processes may not require any material additions such as rivets used in the mechanical fastening techniques conventionally used in joining aircrafts parts, it can contribute in saving structural weight. The aim of this research is to compare and understand the effect of two different methods of bobbin tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW), Self-Reacting BT-FSW (SRBT-FSW) and Stationary (upper) Shoulder BT-FSW (SSuBT-FSW) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3 mm thick aluminum-lithium alloys ( AA2060 and AA2196) plates in butt joint. In addition, the study of the influence of energy input on bobbin tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW) was evaluated to understand the effect of the parameters on the alloys. Defect free welds have been produced featuring a high-quality surface finish on the stationary side. In general, the self-reacting variant enabled welding with faster welding speeds than the SSuBT-FSW technique, which was the reason for lower energy input on SRBT-FSW. The influence of the processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of different regions of the produced joint was evaluated by means of optical microscopy (OM), hardness testing and tensile testing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to evaluate the influence of variants on precipitate evolution. Superior results were achieved welding AA2060 and AA2196 using SRBT-FSW- low energy input, reaching up to 78% of ultimate tensile strength of base metal.
Classificação etnopedológica dos solos e relação com a capacidade de uso das terras agrícolas no município de Campina do Monte Alegre - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18) Fernandes, Amanda Augusta; Vilela, Laíze Aparecida Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8984427782760103; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253432884344960
Integrating empirical and scientific knowledge on the soil enables the construction of a more comprehensive thought, since both local and scientific knowledge are complementary. Thus, this research aimed to identify and qualify the empirical knowledge of farmers in the municipality of Campina do Monte Alegre-SP on the classification and agricultural use of soils and to relate it to the Brazilian Soil Classification System and to the classification of land use capacity. In order to carry out the ethnopedological research, 20 agricultural areas were sampled and 17 farmers interviewed. The methodology consisted of the following steps: 1) preparation of the semi-structured script and conducting the interviews; 2) sampling and morphological description of the soils; 3) systematization and content analysis of the interviews; 4) elaboration of maps. It was found that the main ethnopedological attributes used by farmers were color, texture, consistency, fertility, acidity, organic matter and indicator plants. For the formal classification, the Brazilian Soils Classification System was used as a reference. Five ethnopedological classes and their respective soil classes were raised “Terra Vermelha or Campo” (Ferralsols and Lixisols); “Terra Roxa” (Nitisols); “Terra Branca” (Plinthsols and Gleysols); “Terra de Areia” (Lixisols, Acrisols or Alisols) and the ethnopedological class “Terra de Cultura” (Chernozems). The ethnopedological classes “Terra Vermelha or Campo” and “Terra Roxa” prodominated in the agricultural areas visited, they were classified by classes and subclasses II e,s and III e,s of land use capacity, according to the manual for utility surveying and land classification in the use capacity system.
Kafka educador: um estudo sobre a frieza formativa por meio das narrativas animais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18) Telles, Rodrigo Ferreira; Gomes, Luiz Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0240286771650323
This doutoral thesis stablishes a dialog between education and literature to aim enlarge the perspectives over academic training. We live in a time with easy access to the information and several scientific and technological advances that could indicate overcoming inequality and social injustices. However, what is observed is a growing apathy, insensitivity and coldness that unviables the perceptions of the contradictions that organize society. Thus, we could discuss the following problem: how can we think education inside a context that coldness impacts the formation process and the indifference in one another? Aiming analysing the aesthetic-formative potencial of Franz Kafka literature, as a way to overpass this coldness. Analysing Franz Kafka writings bounds animality thematic, that can be understood as a questioning to the human being that refuses coldness practices. Kafka, tension rationality and imagination, expand a perception over reality, revealing his contradictions and paradoxes. This research has a bibliographic nature to analyse the texts “Letter to his Father” (Brief an den Vater), “The Metamorphosis” (Die Verwandlung), "The Burrow" (Der Bau), and "A Report to an Academy" (Ein Bericht für eine Akademie), for the purpose to show elements that allow comprehend human formation. The analysis is done about a dialog between the authors of Critical Theory of Society, with Max Horkheimer, Walter Benjamin, Theodor Adorno, Andreas Gruschka and commentators, Günther Anders, Elias Canetti, Gustav Janouch, Ernest Pawel, Michael Löwy and Modesto Carone. Through a constelatory proceeding, this paper presents formative categories, that emerge from Kafka`s work, and collaborate to resist to formative coldness; analysing authoritary practices that cooperates to feed coldness; points out how the lack of sensibilization process caused by coldness can end in forgetting the other; refletes the life limits that adapts to cultural and economia organization, without recognizing the contradictions caused by coldness; discusses the loss of empty experiences and scars of a pathologic time made by coldness. This way this thesis demonstrates as a result, that Kafkas literature contribute to a construction of an anti-authoritarian education, that worth the dialog and break the formative hardness that generates insensitivity and coldness; collaborates in the production of an education of sensitivity and gives greater attention to life and differences; encourages resistance to a mediocre life that adapts to social injustices; values memory as a way of not forgetting past tragedies. From the Kafkaesque writings, we can enlarge our understanding of formative categories, such as: authority, sensitivity, emancipation, memory, which are central to the creation of educational paths and which allow us to break with cold practices.