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Polímeros condutores: uma breve introdução ao assunto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-01) Fernandes Filho, Jorge; Longaresi, Rafael Henriques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0191932527256862; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6543610005549811
The science development is linked in to how the human being observes the nature and removes the inputs for the construction of tools that facilitates their lifelong journey. Perception of semiconductor properties in polymers is one of the discoveries that set civilization to a high level in terms of the ability to adapt materials to their intended purpose. Bringing lightness, flexibility, transparency, ease of processing into a single polymer material was an important step in replacing metals as raw material for the construction of numerous devices. However, in the 1970s, with the discovery of electrical charge conduction characteristics in predominantly insulating polymers. From then on, a range of sensors, organic screens, solar cells, electrochromic devices, etc. were developed. The present work summarizes the main conductive polymers used in the construction of such devices, permeating its history when Shirakawa accidentally synthesized the first polymer, its synthesis and conduction mechanisms, as well as research that has been modifying the way man interacts. with the world through the pursuit of energy efficiency combined with the preservation of the environment
Efeito do exercício de alta intensidade na oxigenação muscular cerebral, respiratória e periférica de pacientes com IC e DPOC-IC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07) Goulart, Cássia da Luz; Arêas, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco; Caruso, Flávia Rossi; Araújo, Adriana Sanches Garcia de; Tonello, Sílvia Cristina Garcia de Moura; Catai, Aparecida Maria; Beltrame, Thomas; Carvalho Junior, Luiz Carlos Soares de; Santos, Polliana Batista dos; Roscani, Meliza Goi; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves; Arena, Ross; Silva, Audrey Borghi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9790656360225486; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0833133191438250; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7119400854907214; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0104886088821769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1044361149989467; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0045363023998833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7342560022121661; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9224940191005426; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1298051150234135; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
Relações étnico-raciais na escola: relato de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-01) Silva, Janaína de Oliveira; Silva, Vanda Aparecida da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9920701759600807; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1330104962998575
In the current context, talking about Ethnic-Racial Relations at school has great relevance, considering the school as an environment that forms possible social or reproductive changes in today's society. The present research started with the following questions: "What are the experiences of those interviewed with the theme in the classroom as students and teachers? What are the contributions of educational laws that aim to implement education for ethnic-racial relations from early childhood education?", seeking to present the relevance of addressing the issue in the educational sphere and the contributions that they can bring to the school community, having an impact on society as a whole and considering the teacher as a major character in this process. The research is anchored in the qualitative approach, based on authors such as Demarzo (2009), Fernandes (1972), Munanga (2003), Gomes (2002), among others, seeking to know from a semi-structured interview with four teachers from Sorocaba and region, from public and private schools, their practices in the classroom and identify the contributions of educational laws, such as the amendment of LDB 11.645/08, which point to the insertion of the theme since early childhood. The results obtained point to the need to have in the teacher's own formation the specific subject of ethnic-racial relations, in order to base future teachers on the knowledge of Africa and its peoples, of our history and cultures. This will contribute to a better understanding of the students, the school as a whole and society about who we are, generating an antirracist education capable of transforming the Brazilian reality more egalitarian.
Desenvolvimento de sistema de monitoramento IoT para rios urbanos de fácil implantação e baixo custo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-02) Silva Menezes, Luana Maria da; Aroca, Rafael Vidal; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7552211556354708
The phenomenon of urbanization in Brazil has triggered - not only alone, but in conjunction with other factors - the housing occupation of areas of riverside floodplain in a disorderly manner. Such occupations, however, pose great risks to their residents and passersby due to the possibility of unexpected floods that can generate human and economic losses. In this context, several actions can be taken to mitigate this problem and new ways of reducing the damage caused by this type of natural disaster intensified by human activity have been sought in technology. One of them, which does not involve structural changes, would be the adoption of river monitoring systems with remote sensing, in real time, of the water level and issuing alerts to the local population from the occurrence of possible floods. However, currently, most expensive, proprietary solutions for this problem are available on the market, and there are few Brazilian solutions. Of these, the TerraMA 2 tool stands out, which is open source and developed by researchers, but its manipulation and implementation is complex, and consequently of high cost due to the need for specialized study. Thus, there is a need to develop a system that can meet these specifications and that is low cost, easy to implement and use, aiming primarily to meet the urgent demand for responses to reduce the damage caused by urban floods. In this work, the creation of a monitoring station prototype with sensors controlled by the Arduino microcontroller was initiated. The data is sent in real time by MQTT and stored in a relational database. Measurement reliability tests were performed on the sensors and a solution was proposed for the problems encountered. The reliability of sending information from stations to the server in the cloud through mobile networks was also tested. It is expected that the establishment and other tests of the system will take place in the central region of the São Carlos unicity (SP), a region with an important history of flooding.
Os fazeres com as linguagens artísticas à luz da abordagem de Reggio Emilia: a experiência da própria prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-02) Rala, Cássia Antunes Almeida Batalin; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4679441354670860
The present work was born out of concerns about educational practices in Early Childhood Education at a school in the city of Sorocaba/SP/Brazil inspired by the Reggio Emilia approach. From the routine of the classroom, the need to analyze the approximations and distances between this approach and the reality of the Sorocaban classroom emerged. The research, of bibliographic nature with analysis of field data about the own practice, sought to know the Italian approach and the way in which it comprehends early childhood education, the importance of the studio and artistic languages in the schools of Reggio Emilia and unveiling similarities and contrasts regarding the observed reality. Since copying a model and applying it without contextualization implies disregarding people´s history and culture, as well as disregarding the community to which they belong, the research sought to contribute with reflections on ways to consider the needs of the local reality to build an excellent education quality for all children. It was found that art making according to Reggio Emilia's approach involves understanding the child as a protagonist, powerful and possessing his/her own languages and manners, in addition to requesting the presence of an educator capable of mediating and creating situations of exploration, creation and learning construction.
Seleção de SNPs utilizando random forests
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-02) Frajacomo, Henrique Cordeiro; Cerri, Ricardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266519868438512; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6231011286979492
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are single-base variations in the nucleotide sequence of different individuals or between homologous sequences within a living being. A large part of genetic variations occur as SNPs. Many of these genetic variations occur in plants, influencing characteristics directly linked to crop productivity, such as rice. In addition to being the largest producer among Western countries, Brazil is also the largest per capita consumer of rice. Rice is one of the main foods for human nutrition, being the food base for more than half of the world population and mostly produced by Asian countries, but also widely produced in Brazil. Rice is part of the Genetic Improvement Program of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), which aims to improve rice crops with the goal of reaching the consumption preference pattern in Brazil. The Selection of SNPs that are strongly related to the amylose content of rice is one of the problems to be solved in Embrapa’s Genetic Improvement program. The Selection of SNPs can be modeled computationally using Machine Learning tools, a subarea of Artificial Intelligence, making analysis faster and less costly. Thus, the objective of this research is to develop a method capable of performing the SNP Selection task. That is, given a characteristic of an organism, the method must find the SNPs related to the given characteristic. As a test case, the method will be applied to the SNPs of the genomic content of different rice crops, in order to find out which SNPs had the greatest impact on their amylose content. The developed method proved to be efficient in solving the SNP Selection problem. The analysis of the method highlighted an SNP that was validated experimentally by Embrapa as important for the amylose content.
As concepções de Ciência de licenciandos da UFSCar campus Sorocaba no curso de Química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-02) Oliveira, Nicolas Rosa Gracia; Santos Junior, João Batista dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9835990813418608
This work sought to understand what the viewpoints of students enrolled in the Full Degree in Chemistry at UFSCar Campus Sorocaba in the first semester of 2020 about Science and the production of scientific knowledge are. The analysis was made by reviewing specialized literature about the various forms of human knowledge, the main distorted views about science and a questionnaire answered by undergraduate students. The results obtained revealed which is the main distorted view that the group of students has greater affinity, which is the one that points to science as rigid and fragmented. Finally, the paper discusses whether there is a relationship between the visions and the semesters that the students are taking, or even if their participation in events with themes that encompass scientific knowledge impacts students to reduce their distorted visions
O som das Fontainhas: uma análise da banda sonora de três filmes de Pedro Costa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-03) Oliveira, Luiz Fernando Coutinho de; Miranda, Suzana Reck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1113832476763697
This research analyzes the film sound of three works by Portuguese filmmaker Pedro Costa, namely Bones (1997), In Vanda’s Room (2000) and Colossal Youth (2006), which together compose what is commonly referred to as “Fontainhas’ Trilogy”. These films, which describe the filmmaker’s peculiar trajectory in relation to the neighborhood of Fontainhas, in the Metropolitan Region of Lisbon, are all studied based on an investigation of their sound design’s significations. In order to demonstrate the specific importance of the soundtrack in the cinema of Pedro Costa, soundtrack here understood as constituted by dialogues, noises and music and their relationships with the images, we analyze: a) the different impressions of silence that the films produce, since these impressions are perceived as products of certain sound and image dispositions; b) the different acousmatic sounds constituted within the films, especially their effects on the images and vice-versa; and c) the different voices that manifest themselves in the films, extending the analysis to dialogues, monologues and songs. The study of the three films and their soundtracks allows us to conclude that not only film sound is an essential element to Pedro Costa’s cinematographic style, but also that the conception and creative use of sounds are closely related to the production method which the filmmaker discovers and matures from film to film.
A aprendizagem da docência sob a ótica dos estudantes de licenciatura em Educação Física no Programa Residência Pedagógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-03) Sims, Denise Souza; Machado, Dijnane Fernanda Vedovatto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6758025601578309; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3706509662851770
The teacher's work involves several types of expertise, requires extensive knowledge of the educational reality in which he / she performs his / her work, which involves initial training and experience in the professional field. However, research on teacher training has indicated the existence of a gap between the training process and the profession, and the need for a closer relationship between them. Within this context, some initiatives emerge with the assumption of valuing the approximation between the training period and professional performance, such as the Pedagogical Residence Program (PRP). Based on this, the objective of this work was to analyze how future Physical Education teachers conceive, perceive and mobilize the knowledge of teaching during the PRP. Qualitative research was characterized as a descriptive and explanatory case study. The techniques of data collection were questionnaire, observation and focus groups. Data analysis was done by content, which involved three stages of material exploration: data treatment, inference and interpretation. The analysis of the data allowed the creation of two categories: (1) University-School: teaching knowledge and professional training and (2) Learning to be a teacher. In the first category, given the perceptions and conceptions about the university-school relationship established by the social actors involved in the PRP, it was possible to identify the main difficulties encountered by residents; the contribution of this partnership to its formation; as well as the experiences mobilized by them in this teaching learning process, indicating how this structure can enhance professional teacher education, bringing it closer to the professional field. In the second category, based on the residents' learning, we can list the possible relationship with the pedagogical knowledge of the content; with curricular, disciplinary and training knowledge; as well as an experience of the practical knowledge of teaching, even in initial training. The work presented here brings some elements that show the potential that the PRP, linked to Supervised Curricular Internships, can promote for the professional training of teachers of Basic Education.
Composição da fauna aquática subterrânea da área cárstica do Alto Ribeira: implicações ecológicas e para a conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-03) Zepon, Tamires; Bichuette, Maria Elina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9065789621785359
The composition of aquatic subterranean fauna is influenced by different factors, such as evolutionary history, habitat heterogeneity, environmental gradients, interspecific interactions, and species dispersion. The present study was carried out in the karst area of Alto Ribeira, state of São Paulo, Brazil, in caves located at the Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR) and its surroundings. Despite the implementation of the conservation unit, not all caves are protected, as catchment basins, caves and part of subterranean systems are located outside the park boundaries. Moreover, some of its caves have impacts caused by local tourism and water contamination. Thereby, this study intended to understand the composition and distribution of subterranean aquatic fauna of the Alto Ribeira karst area. The first chapter aimed to compare the distribution and composition of the community in cave streams belonging to the three sub-basins of the Alto Ribeira (Iporanga, Betari and Pilões streams); to verify the distribution of fauna in relation to abiotic characteristics and the contribution of components of beta diversity (turnover and nestedness) to the dissimilarity of cave communities. The composition of the communities differed between caves in the different sub-basins and between caves in the same sub-basin, as many endemic species and/or species with restricted distribution were found. Communities from different caves were influenced by different physical and chemical variables, according to the ecological characteristics of each species. The dissimilarity between the studied cave communities was mainly due to turnover, which is influenced by ecological, hydrogeological, and historical factors. In the second chapter, the composition of fauna in different aquatic habitats (drips, puddles, and streams) present in the caves was investigated and the sampling sufficiency of systematic samplings performed over different annual cycles was verified. In addition, it was verified whether the richness of the aquatic fauna is related to the extension of the caves and to the phylogenetic diversity. Unique species were found in different types of habitats. The occurrence of rare and endemic species is common in caves and, therefore, it was not possible to access the total richness even after five samplings. Larger caves did not have higher richness, which is influenced by other factors (such as availability of resources, influence of abiotic variables and historical factors). The caves that had the highest phylogenetic diversity are those with more troglobites (i.e., animals restricted to the subterranean environment) or phylogenetically distinct non-troglobic taxa, and not those with higher species richness. The third and last chapter aimed to determine the fragility degree of the aquatic and terrestrial fauna from PETAR caves and their surroundings, in order to propose management and conservation strategies. The fauna of all the caves studied had maximum or high fragility, according to criteria that took into account species richness, occurrence of species with restricted distribution, new species, troglobitic species and/or species in threatened fauna lists, and in the case of aquatic fauna, indicator species of good quality water. The fragility of this fauna associated with the occurrence of rare and endemic species, and the high dissimilarity and the high taxonomic distinctness observed in the caves studied, reinforces the importance of maintaining the caves within conservation units and protecting their entire area of influence, expanding the PETAR boundaries. In addition, management strategies must be implemented, such as restricting the walk of visitors in the caves, monitoring fauna, inspection activities, and environmental and patrimonial education. These actions are necessary because impacts on the caves and their area of influence can lead to the loss of this unique biodiversity.
Práticas de gestão de processos e de cultura de segurança em serviços de radioterapia e impactos na qualidade do cuidado e na segurança do paciente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-03) Almeida, Lívia Silveira de; Toledo, José Carlos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3736154317017769
In view of technological advances in radiotherapy services, a more specific control of issues related to the quality and safety of these services is necessary. Incidents in health and radiotherapy service centers have led to the need to improve internal processes and the safety culture in order to increase the quality of care and patient safety. This dissertation presents the results of a field research on the main practices of process management and safety culture adopted in radiotherapy services in the southeastern region of Brazil and their impacts on the quality of care and patient safety, considering the perception of medical physicist. The analysis of the relationship between these constructs was done through descriptive statistics and the application of Structural Equation Modeling based on covariance (CB-SEM - Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling). It was possible to evaluate the relationship between the constructs and impacts of process management and safety culture on the quality of care and patient safety. The results of the relationships indicated the impact of the process management and safety culture constructs on patient safety, but the impact on the quality of care was not statistically supported by the results presented in the proposed model. It can be seen that process management practices and safety culture have been used by radiotherapy services in the southeastern region of Brazil. The result demonstrates an advance of SR in relation to a search for the improvement of its processes and dissemination of management practices and attention to patient safety that goes beyond the technical quality of the equipment.
O efeito do fogo na remoção de sementes no Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-03) Alcolea, Mirela; Christianini, Alexander Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2295622727813765; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9741282893857098
Fire may modulates the dynamics, diversity and structure of many terrestrial ecosystems. Although the effects of fire are well studied for some plant and animal communities, the effects of fire on important ecological interactions, such as seed removal, are poorly known. In this study, we investigated the effect of fire on seed removal in a Cerrado. Through field experiments in sites burned one month or one year before, and in unburned control sites, we assessed the removal of different plant diaspores (sunflower seed, fruit of Miconia rubiginosa and artificial seed); agents of removal; and the influence of microhabitat features on seed removal. Treatments one-month post-fire had higher removal of sunflower seeds and M. rubiginosa fruit. Removal of artificial seeds did not differ among treatments. Ants were the main removers. The composition of ant species that remove diaspores varied with fire, but the relative frequency of different functional groups (based on diet, habitat and body size) were not affected by fire. Removal distance by the ants ranged from 4 to 390 cm, and was not affected by fire. Microhabitat features did not influence removal of diaspores. Overall, our results show that fire does not significantly change seed removal in the cerrado. A desirable next step is to investigate the impact of different fire regimes, such as different fire frequencies and extensions of the burned area, which could alter the effects on seed removal.
Vozes das juventudes: quando a escola pública e o feminismo se encontram - um estudo de caso do projeto Molhares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-03) Moraes, Marina Guilherme Caselli; Silva, Vanda Aparecida da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9920701759600807; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6897604607810125
This dissertation seeks to think and discuss interfaces between youths, education, feminisms and protagonisms, with a look turned mainly to processes of meaning and construction of identities, based on fieldwork carried out throughout 2019 in a public high school with students involved in a female and feminist project, which marked a new moment for a traditionally conservative institution with a history of intense gender conflicts. Expected with that, to contribute with the Human and Social Sciences in a perspective of critical education and a solidary society, committed to humans equity and diversity, starting from values such as responsibility and freedom and with the certain of education as a multiple and coproduced process between subjects in constant interaction
Formação colaborativa reflexiva de professores para o atendimento escolar hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-06) Pacco, Aline Ferreira Rodrigues; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8271025418938259
Education is everyone's right and, therefore, given to those students who are unable to attend regular school due to the hospitalization process or health treatment. Considering the need for this type of service for this portion of the population, the importance of teacher training for teachers to work in hospital classes is highlighted. From these statements, the objectives of this study were: 1) to collaboratively plan, with the coordinators of Special Education, a proposal for teacher training; 2) implement, in a reflective collaborative way, with the Special Education coordinators and with hospital class teachers and Special Education teachers, a teacher training proposal; and 3) to evaluate the reflective collaborative training course from the perspective of teachers in hospital classes and Special Education. The present research consisted of a collaborative character and with a qualitative approach in which 22 professionals participated: three teachers who taught in hospital classes; 14 Special Education teachers, three support teachers (accompanied by target students of Special Education-PAEE in common class); and two Special Education coordinators. The research was carried out in a Teaching Directorate, located in a city in the interior of São Paulo, where a reflective collaborative continuing education course took place. To this end, five face-to-face meetings and five teaching units were held on the Google Classroom online platform. It is noteworthy that, in partnership with the coordinators of the pedagogical nucleus of Special Education, some adjustments were made to enable the organization of the course - considering the demands and possibilities of the researcher, coordinators and teachers. From the analysis of the data, through triangulation, a system of categorization and grouping of the participants' speech reports and responses was elaborated, in addition to the data from the questionnaires and activities. Three major axes were established, namely: course planning; course implementation; and course evaluation. From the experiences shared by the teachers of the hospital classes, the importance of establishing partnerships between the hospital, the hospital class, the family, the student's home school, the school's binding school and the Board of Education became even clearer. . This was because only one establishment would not be able to provide an education service in an environment as complex as the hospital. Thinking about the possibilities of developing practices within the hospital school environment, it was noted that Specialized Individualized Planning (PEI) was a favorable action, both for the student and the teacher. It was taken into account that this type of planning aims to highlight the main needs and potential of the student, something that is essential when the student is ill. It was found that continuing education does not materialize as a solution to educational problems, but, nevertheless, it allows the teacher to improve his actions towards his student. And thus, improve learning conditions and increasing the quality of teaching.
Espanhóis no interior de São Paulo: múltiplas possibilidades de incorporação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-06) Silva, João Paulo da; Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0292366225326790
This thesis aims to understand the multiple modes of incorporation of Spanish immigrants in São Paulo between 1890 and 1940, by analysing six different contexts (cities) in the provinces of this state: Sorocaba, Franca, Catanduva, Cafelândia, Bauru and Olímpia. To outline the multiple possibilities of incorporation of the group, the main issues we analyse are: its numerical size, the resources that were mobilized, the facilities and difficulties imposed by each locality, the possibilities of upward mobility, the arrangements with the local elites, and the investments in the ethnic identity, among others. Based on diversified theoretical contributions from migratory studies, we seek to make an analysis of different trajectories of Spaniards, demonstrating from a set of heterogeneous cases the multiple forms of incorporation carried out by the group.
Efeitos da estimação de parâmetros no desempenho do gráfico modificado considerando os índices de capacidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-08) Oliveira, Bruna Ker Simão de; Jardim, Felipe Schoemer; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0026252695837333; Oprime, Pedro Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5653364617308197
The modified and the acceptance control charts are indicated for monitoring highly capable processes, whose natural dispersion is significantly lower than the specification limits. This affirmation is based on the fact that these charts allow the process mean to vary over a range (specified by the tolerable non-conforming items rate,) remaining its in in-control (IC) condition and, from a practical point of view, highly capable processes support some shifts on their mean without affect the production of non-conforming items (cause there is a considerable room between the nominal mean and the specification limits). As the modified and acceptance charts do not require a rigid stability on the process mean, detecting just practical importance shifts, the number of process halts are minimized, which can save time and resources, making their use even more relevant. This work studies the effect of the parameter estimation and the influence of the capability indexes on the performance measures of the modified chart. We chose to detail the study only for this chart because the focus of this chart is on the control of the probability of type I error (which is the most common on the industry). To understand the effect of the standard deviation estimation on the modified chart performance, there were proposed some statistical models to calculate the False Alarm Rate (FAR) and the Average Run Length (ARL), considering the cases where the standard deviation is known and the one in which it is unknown. The results showed that when the standard deviation is estimated, both FAR and ARL become random variables, what compromise the performance of the chart. To amply the knowledge about this damage it was done some graphical and numerical tests, which showed that it is necessary to collected a big number of data (many large samples) from the process on Phase I to get closer the results of the unknown case to the desired value. However, this high number of m and n makes the use of the chart unfeasible in many manufacture industries. Some solutions were proposed to reduce this high number of data needed on Phase I. Finally, it was evaluated the influence of the capability indexes on FAR and ARL, and it was attested that the modified chart is really appropriated for high capable processes, because while the mean vary inside the allowed range, the maximum false alarm rates remains bellow or equal to the nominal value.
Green manufacturing: avaliação do ciclo de vida de processos de usinagem e tubos de alumínio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-09) Firmino, Alessandro Silveira; Oliveira, José Augusto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8494490966978412; Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1101747760784249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0320011176652185
Manufacturing processes are performed to convert raw materials into products. To perform these processes, natural resources are consumed and emissions are generated reflecting the potential for adverse environmental impacts. In order to obtain productive systems with less negative impacts on the environment, Green Manufacturing (GM) was emerged. Thus, the concept of GM was used in this dissertation, in which the environmental performance of aluminum pipes’ machining processes was studied. For this, the application of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) oriented to the evaluation of two manufacturing processes was organized, based also in the use of a detailed methodology to develop the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) of the studied processes – the Unit Process Life Cycle Inventory (UPLCI). The application of the UPLCI and the development of the LCA phases, especially the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) phase, were carried out through the selection of midpoint impact categories from the ReCiPe 2016 method, and allowed to identify the potential environmental impacts of the studied processes and identify the electricity and the cutting fluid as their main hotspots. With the obtained results and through the performance of sensitivity analysis, future manufacturing scenarios were proposed to reduce the impacts arising from these hotspots. The proposed environmentally benign manufacturing scenario was the suggestion to duplicate the quantity of parts manufactured at each production cycle, moving from three to six machined parts per cycle, and reducing 25% of the raw material surplus to be machined. All of that resulted in important improvements for all the impact categories, enabling reductions in the potential impacts up to 16.47% for the cradle-to-gate life cycle. Further, benefits regarding to classic Production Engineering metrics such as the productivity index and the machine occupancy rate were achieved and resulted into a better eco-efficiency index of the production system up to 23.55%, that will enable the achievement of a more sustainable manufacturing system.
Muito além do duplo Chomsky: o autor entre paratextos e paratopias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Bonatti Santos, Júlio Antonio; Baronas, Roberto Leiser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833166697244816
This thesis aims to analyze the discursive problem of authorship, concepted as a construction, having as object of study the author Noam Chomsky, linguist and political activist from the United States. Seeking to interpret how an author is put into operation, based on some theoretical and conceptual principles such as the instances (person, writer and inscriber) and dimensions of regulation and figuration of authorship (MAINGUENEAU, 2006b), as well as the concept of author as a “function-author” (FOUCAULT, 1997), we intend here to understand the means by which certain author images are constructed for Chomsky, responsible for making two possible authors emerge, through the paratexts of his books: a “double Chomsky” and a “unique Chomsky”. For this, it was necessary to adopt a corpus that reflects Chomsky's work from his books originated from compiled texts, circumscribed in his two main spheres of writing activity, linguistics and politics, consistent with the interpretation that we propose from this author, supported methodologically on the study of editorial paratexts (GENETTE, 2009). The objective is to show, thus, that the modes that permeate the creation of the images of a “double Chomsky author”, at first, take different paths according to the prefaces and the editorial paratexts in general that inscribe their texts in certain means of circulation, sometimes privileging the face of the "linguist Chomsky", sometimes the "activist Chomsky", opposing them in a political dispute of editorial management or uniting them under the same publication, sustained in a paratopic unity of their texts; and, in a second moment, they go beyond an abrupt division of the faces of this author, building a sense of “whole”, of a teleology that completely permeates Chomsky's work: of a “rationalism and universalism” present in his linguistic texts that give argumentative support to mobilize the ethos of “intellectual engagement” in his texts of political criticism, creating the image of a “Chomsky linguist-activist”. Then, what we propose here, by repositioning some views at the problem of authorship in Noam Chomsky through the discursive studies, is a more in-depth debate about the instability of certain units such as "book", "opus" and "author", in order to show that there is a set of relationships that go beyond the frontiers of writing, detaching the idea of authorship from the field of “creation” or “genius”, placing it, therefore, on the axis of the conditions that allow the material emergence of texts designated under an author's name.
Da escola para o trabalho: narrativas de pessoas com deficiências egressas da EJA na Baixada Santista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Lima, Waldísia Rodrigues de; Campos, Juliane Aparecida de Paula Perez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3169299095370522; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4899507078393026
This research aimed to analyse the process of schooling and transition from school to workplace, according to people with disabilities who graduated from Youth and Adult Education (YAE), in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region, and verify the contributions of YAE to their inclusion in the workplace. For this purpose, ten people with disabilities from the YAE participated in the research in at least one of the segments: elementary school I, elementary school II and high school. The research is anchored on the oral history method, through Life History, and the data collection was carried out through individual interviews with unstructured script guided by issues related to life memories, family, schooling, work, wishes and dreams. The analysis of the data was based on the qualitative analysis of the life stories, recorded on video and audio, guided by the content analysis of the interview transcripts, correlating them with the main questions, the problem and research objectives, highlighting the frequent points that emerged from the narratives of the interviews, grouped into categories / subcategories followed by the discussions using content description and the interpretation of the interviewees' notes. The interviews, in addition to obtaining the data, made it possible to hear the voice of people with disabilities, in order to understand what they think and feel about the schooling process at YAE, YAE's contributions to workplace inclusion and the transition from school to the workplace. The results indicate that Youth and Adult Education contributed to inclusion in the workplace, with academic, social and communicational knowledge that allowed them to be protagonists of their history in search of their ideals for a full life in society, in addition to bringing light to various aspects related to the life trajectory in schooling at YAE, in work relationships, in the family, in society; in addition, the stories describe young people and adults who are critical and who seek rights and human dignity. Thus, it is believed that the legitimacy of their voices can contribute to the advancement of research in the area of Special Education, Youth and Adult Education and to the inclusion of disabled people in the workplace and can serve for the elaboration of educational policies aimed at schooling and professionalisation, in addition to public policies aimed at inclusion, permanence, progression and guarantees for right to work.
Trans (bordando) trajetórias de vidas: corpos invisíveis, potencialidades e resistências de pessoas trans
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Francisco, Daniele dos Santos; Mendonça, Viviane Melo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8779308736888220
Despite the achievements before a society based on a cisgender constitution, the Trans theme faces several cultural, social and economic barriers, silencing their “inadequate” bodies and hurting their primordial rights: existence and freedom. The current Brazilian scenario materialized these barriers, demonstrating a war between classes, between genders, between colors between spirits and consciences through a gigantic polarization: the traditional, acceptable, kind, respectable in favor of families won through (ironically) violence, the wrong, depraved, criminal other's peaceful existence. The genuine divine violence of these demonstrators dared to remain silent through threats, weapons and fear of the existence of the “different” with refinements of Christian goodness, a curious and meaningless scenario in which, through their yes and their vote, their masculinity was proved. , heterosexuality and devotion to the traditional. Finally, these devotees from the hypocria celebrated with violence in addition to performing the same "depraved" acts of the "enemy", but in a confidential manner. Trans existence is surrounded by hypocrisy, the honest and traditional Brazil is the one that kills the most and ironically the one that most uses these bodies sexually, shutting them up after their secret acts in a fervent armed devotion that needs to be questioned. A way of coping with this scenario highlights the potential of life of the trans community, demonstrating even its contributions to the construction, continuity and improvements in social quality, showing that its existence does not consist of a social burden, different from the prejudice faced by it. So it is necessary, in addition to demonstrating the vulnerability of this group, to highlight their struggles and victories to deconstruct the counter-arguments of “victimization”. Thus, being Trans could not be a problem for society, but its own existential solution to a real condition. The methodology for developing the powers proposal consisted of the use of oral history and the method of transcreation, showing the life trajectory of the beings interviewed, being trans people. This methodology made it possible to relate relevant life passages with the theoretical foundation and legislative achievements, evidencing through these statements the compulsory heteronormativity and cisgenerity and its painful and unreal impositions. Even if there is a confrontation, the binary concept still shapes society, including the trans existence and its constant attempt to readjust to the “new genre”. Thus, this work sought to highlight the potential and achievements by promoting a discussion to demystify the trans existence, starting from those who actually live them daily. After these analyzes and discussions, there was a need for support promoted by groups and collectives based on human rights, opportunities in the labor market, in addition to social and family receptivity. This recognition could offer subsidies to dismantle shallow arguments arising from prejudices and misunderstandings typical of our "social guess".