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Muito além do duplo Chomsky: o autor entre paratextos e paratopias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Bonatti Santos, Júlio Antonio; Baronas, Roberto Leiser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833166697244816
This thesis aims to analyze the discursive problem of authorship, concepted as a construction, having as object of study the author Noam Chomsky, linguist and political activist from the United States. Seeking to interpret how an author is put into operation, based on some theoretical and conceptual principles such as the instances (person, writer and inscriber) and dimensions of regulation and figuration of authorship (MAINGUENEAU, 2006b), as well as the concept of author as a “function-author” (FOUCAULT, 1997), we intend here to understand the means by which certain author images are constructed for Chomsky, responsible for making two possible authors emerge, through the paratexts of his books: a “double Chomsky” and a “unique Chomsky”. For this, it was necessary to adopt a corpus that reflects Chomsky's work from his books originated from compiled texts, circumscribed in his two main spheres of writing activity, linguistics and politics, consistent with the interpretation that we propose from this author, supported methodologically on the study of editorial paratexts (GENETTE, 2009). The objective is to show, thus, that the modes that permeate the creation of the images of a “double Chomsky author”, at first, take different paths according to the prefaces and the editorial paratexts in general that inscribe their texts in certain means of circulation, sometimes privileging the face of the "linguist Chomsky", sometimes the "activist Chomsky", opposing them in a political dispute of editorial management or uniting them under the same publication, sustained in a paratopic unity of their texts; and, in a second moment, they go beyond an abrupt division of the faces of this author, building a sense of “whole”, of a teleology that completely permeates Chomsky's work: of a “rationalism and universalism” present in his linguistic texts that give argumentative support to mobilize the ethos of “intellectual engagement” in his texts of political criticism, creating the image of a “Chomsky linguist-activist”. Then, what we propose here, by repositioning some views at the problem of authorship in Noam Chomsky through the discursive studies, is a more in-depth debate about the instability of certain units such as "book", "opus" and "author", in order to show that there is a set of relationships that go beyond the frontiers of writing, detaching the idea of authorship from the field of “creation” or “genius”, placing it, therefore, on the axis of the conditions that allow the material emergence of texts designated under an author's name.
Da escola para o trabalho: narrativas de pessoas com deficiências egressas da EJA na Baixada Santista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Lima, Waldísia Rodrigues de; Campos, Juliane Aparecida de Paula Perez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3169299095370522; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4899507078393026
This research aimed to analyse the process of schooling and transition from school to workplace, according to people with disabilities who graduated from Youth and Adult Education (YAE), in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region, and verify the contributions of YAE to their inclusion in the workplace. For this purpose, ten people with disabilities from the YAE participated in the research in at least one of the segments: elementary school I, elementary school II and high school. The research is anchored on the oral history method, through Life History, and the data collection was carried out through individual interviews with unstructured script guided by issues related to life memories, family, schooling, work, wishes and dreams. The analysis of the data was based on the qualitative analysis of the life stories, recorded on video and audio, guided by the content analysis of the interview transcripts, correlating them with the main questions, the problem and research objectives, highlighting the frequent points that emerged from the narratives of the interviews, grouped into categories / subcategories followed by the discussions using content description and the interpretation of the interviewees' notes. The interviews, in addition to obtaining the data, made it possible to hear the voice of people with disabilities, in order to understand what they think and feel about the schooling process at YAE, YAE's contributions to workplace inclusion and the transition from school to the workplace. The results indicate that Youth and Adult Education contributed to inclusion in the workplace, with academic, social and communicational knowledge that allowed them to be protagonists of their history in search of their ideals for a full life in society, in addition to bringing light to various aspects related to the life trajectory in schooling at YAE, in work relationships, in the family, in society; in addition, the stories describe young people and adults who are critical and who seek rights and human dignity. Thus, it is believed that the legitimacy of their voices can contribute to the advancement of research in the area of Special Education, Youth and Adult Education and to the inclusion of disabled people in the workplace and can serve for the elaboration of educational policies aimed at schooling and professionalisation, in addition to public policies aimed at inclusion, permanence, progression and guarantees for right to work.
Trans (bordando) trajetórias de vidas: corpos invisíveis, potencialidades e resistências de pessoas trans
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Francisco, Daniele dos Santos; Mendonça, Viviane Melo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8779308736888220
Despite the achievements before a society based on a cisgender constitution, the Trans theme faces several cultural, social and economic barriers, silencing their “inadequate” bodies and hurting their primordial rights: existence and freedom. The current Brazilian scenario materialized these barriers, demonstrating a war between classes, between genders, between colors between spirits and consciences through a gigantic polarization: the traditional, acceptable, kind, respectable in favor of families won through (ironically) violence, the wrong, depraved, criminal other's peaceful existence. The genuine divine violence of these demonstrators dared to remain silent through threats, weapons and fear of the existence of the “different” with refinements of Christian goodness, a curious and meaningless scenario in which, through their yes and their vote, their masculinity was proved. , heterosexuality and devotion to the traditional. Finally, these devotees from the hypocria celebrated with violence in addition to performing the same "depraved" acts of the "enemy", but in a confidential manner. Trans existence is surrounded by hypocrisy, the honest and traditional Brazil is the one that kills the most and ironically the one that most uses these bodies sexually, shutting them up after their secret acts in a fervent armed devotion that needs to be questioned. A way of coping with this scenario highlights the potential of life of the trans community, demonstrating even its contributions to the construction, continuity and improvements in social quality, showing that its existence does not consist of a social burden, different from the prejudice faced by it. So it is necessary, in addition to demonstrating the vulnerability of this group, to highlight their struggles and victories to deconstruct the counter-arguments of “victimization”. Thus, being Trans could not be a problem for society, but its own existential solution to a real condition. The methodology for developing the powers proposal consisted of the use of oral history and the method of transcreation, showing the life trajectory of the beings interviewed, being trans people. This methodology made it possible to relate relevant life passages with the theoretical foundation and legislative achievements, evidencing through these statements the compulsory heteronormativity and cisgenerity and its painful and unreal impositions. Even if there is a confrontation, the binary concept still shapes society, including the trans existence and its constant attempt to readjust to the “new genre”. Thus, this work sought to highlight the potential and achievements by promoting a discussion to demystify the trans existence, starting from those who actually live them daily. After these analyzes and discussions, there was a need for support promoted by groups and collectives based on human rights, opportunities in the labor market, in addition to social and family receptivity. This recognition could offer subsidies to dismantle shallow arguments arising from prejudices and misunderstandings typical of our "social guess".
A importância dos fluxos comerciais inter-regionais do setor agropecuário para os estados brasileiros.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Carvalho, Brena do Nascimento; Gomes, Alexandre Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5002157193962189; Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3455553543736709; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9967092925020095
In the productive structure of the economy there are activities that can indirectly impact the entire economic system, through variations in its production. In a way the economic development of a region is directly related to productive activities and the way they if related. In this context, the Agricultural sector can be highlighted, because it is an important activity in many Brazilian states, generating employment and income, can stimulate the development of other sectors, through their trade flows. It is worth mentioning that there is a concentration of the production of this activity in the country, especially in ten states that together hold 78.30%. In this way, it is intended to analyze the importance of intersectoral and inter regional trade flows from the Agricultural sector to these states. For this, regional analysis methods will be used, specifically, the production and income multipliers and the hypothetical extraction method will be used, which allows to verify the fall in the total production of economic activities arising from the extraction of the Agricultural sector. In the analysis of production and income multipliers, it was found that the sector has elevated capacity to generate production and income in the economy. It was observed that more than half of the production generated is internalized by the states, being that the Pará, Bahia and Resto do Brazil had the lowest multipliers and the lowest production spillovers. And the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Santa Catarina had the highest production multipliers and spillovers. As for income multipliers, it was observed that Pará and the rest of Brazil had the highest multipliers and lowest income spillovers. And the smallest multipliers were from Mato Grosso, Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo, being that the first two had the biggest spillovers. Regarding the results of the extraction method, it was found that from the perspective of purchases, the interregional commercial relations of Agricultural are very low, however, intra-regional trade show yourself is more interdependent, affecting mainly the sectors: Electricity and Gas; Transport, Storage and Mail; Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities; and Commerce, Repair of Vehicles and Motorcycles. In extracting sales from Agricultural, it can be seen that, although the intra-regional effects have also been shown to be more relevant for the sector, inter-regional flows were greater than in relation to purchases, being that inter-regional flows for the states for the South, Southeast and Center-West regions showed themselves more relevant and for the states of Pará and Bahia were smaller. It was found that the largest interregional trade flows are those associated with sales, being that the largest interactions of the sector occur with the sectors of the transformation industry and Food and Accommodation. Therefore, in view of the results, it can be concluded that the Agricultural sector is relevant for all the analyzed states, having greater chain in an intraregional way, presenting greater chain backwards, collaborating for the development of the other sectors of the state. Furthermore, the largest interregional trade flows are those associated with sales, confirming the importance of the sector as a supplier of inputs in the economy.
Aplicação em sala de aula do experimento Deslocamento no Plano Inclinado para o ensino da função quadrática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Barillari, Paulo Eduardo; Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3047028345997368
In order to collaborate in overcoming difficulties related to teaching the concept of function and its applications, an interdisciplinary didactic proposal was prepared. The theme was second-degree polynomial function, content linked to the 1st grade of High School. For the construction and validation of the pedagogical product, the basic guidelines proposed by Didactic Engineering were used. An experiment was developed in the area of Physics (Displacement in the Inclined Plane), with different heights corresponding to the elevation of the ramp in relation to the horizontal, of which the model function is quadratic. The students involved were divided into groups to carry out the activities. Each group recorded the experiment and edited the video, enabling the collection of numerical data, composing a table. The analysis started with the data being arranged as points on a Cartesian plane. Observing the pattern of the points found and using algebraic resources, the students obtained the expression of a quadratic function. In another moment, the same data was manipulated with assistance of computational tools. Then, the students solved theoretical problems to deepen and verify the assimilated contents. The application ended with groups meeting in the school's video room to present, socialize and compare the various results obtained. The students were very willing to participate in the proposed activities and were very satisfied with the final products. During the application and development of the works, there was great interactivity between students and teacher, reflecting on a closer and friendly relationship. These activities provided the students with a better understanding of the functions theme, showing that the work achieved the intended purposes.
Sexagem molecular em Xenarthras, avaliação espaço-temporal de atropelamentos em tamanduás e diversidade genética em Myrmecophaga tridactyla: implicações para conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Barragán Ruiz, Carmen Elena; Desbiez, Arnaud Léonard Jean; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1343726040328032; Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
It is expected that species that live in highly fragmented environments and have biological characteristics such as specialized diet, long generation time and low fecundity, tend to suffer more from anthropic impacts, modifying their biology, ecology and genetics. Using a total of 581 biological samples from carcasses as well as tissue samples from living (captured) individuals of Myrmecophaga tridactyla and Tamandua tetradactyla, we performed: (I) the identification of the sex of the individuals collected, using two nuclear sequences (SRY and Zinc finger); (II) the temporal and spatial evaluation of the groupings of the run over points for the two species, using road ecology approaches (III) the evaluation of the genetic diversity and demographic changes of the threatened species, M. tridactyla. Thus, we found that there was (I) an 87 % amplification success rate in the method used, achieving the identification of 151 males run over for 82 females run over in the species M. tridactyla (2:1), and 128 males run over for 51 females run over in the species T. tetradactyla (3:1). Additionally, (II) we did not find temporal variables (climatic) that would explain the number of run over of the species, but we did find a seasonal pattern responded by the females of the species. A total of ten hotspots of running over were found for both species (five for each), however, the evaluation of spatial variables that could explain the hotspots was not explanatory. Models constructed with spatial variables across the landscape (e.g. percentage of vegetation) explained for M. tridactyla 27 % of the variation found, while for T. tetradactyla 39 %. Finally, (III) we found no signs of reduced gene flow and moderate genetic diversity (Ho = 0.53) for M. tridactyla. Additionally, we found a coefficient of inbreeding of 0.13 (p ≤ 0.05) along with signs of reduction in effective population size of the species. In conclusion, we found evidence of the impact of roads on anteater species in the central western region of Brazil and therefore we recommend that our data be used for the evaluation of mitigation measures in the area.
Formação dos sujeitos participantes de uma atividade de comunicação sobre as questões sociocientíficas dos agrotóxicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-10) Añez, Fernanda; Lopes, Nataly Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0924033362870975
The lack of understanding about some everyday events involving science and technology can have repercussions for the social life of all of us, as our participation in political decisions or understanding of the world and its scientifictechnological development becomes limited. Limitations in social responsibility actions can be considered as resulting from the dehumanization process of the individuals. Moreover, we must remember that science, as human production, is not free of values, and its development can have future impacts on society and the world. In the search for a way to overcome this process, science education committed to the development of critical awareness, shows the fundamental formation of individuals, as it enables understanding and critical positioning in front of the impacts of technological development on society. To develop scientific training for social responsibility and critical positioning regarding the impacts of scientific-technological development, our research sought to understand what are the potentials of an extension activity based on the socio-scientific issues of pesticides, in the scientific and critical training of participants. When talking about the extension, considered part of the university tripod, we believe in its articulating role that through communication and dialogue, educator and student get educated in communion. Thus, in the context of the extension activity, based on communication, proposed at UFSCar, campus Araras, we constituted our data based on the theoretical-methodological references of the participating research. The records were made through recordings of the activities performed and later transcribed, and provided us with data to interpret according to designated a priori and a posteriori categories based on Content Analysis. Data analysis allowed us to conclude, discuss discussions about the intentionality of S&T development, about the University and its role in the training of professionals, about the extensions of universal extension and the possibilities of communication between the University and the community, among other topics, there is a formation of individuals. Science teaching through the SSI is a way to scientifically educate students, who end up with problems in the world, develop critical awareness, and engage in the search for social justice and public participation in issues involving scientific and technological knowledge.