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Autoria, estilo e criatividade: um contraste entre os cursos de escrita criativa e o Wattpad
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-14)
Moraes, Bianca Barbara Rapelli de
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Maciel, Lucas Vinicio de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8779101339709622
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7090700287286655
The creative writing courses are becoming an important support for new authors because of their varied advice on plot, dialogues and other essential elements for a “good story”. Trying to discover how helpful these courses really are, we are going to analyze their lessons and, after, compare them with the concepts of style, authorship and creativity written by Mikhail Bakhtin. Not only that, we will also see how this theory is seen in practice based on some books we found in the digital platform Wattpad, where authors can share their stories for free.
A história da laranjinha: uma proposta de livro infantil sobre frutas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-14)
Coelho, Mariana Silva
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Souto, Letícia Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9284280370140756
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962595274227565
Botany is an area of science that started very early in human history. It developed over the early centuries, but in the last few decades it holds one of the most boring methods of teaching Education. This scenario makes the socialization process between human beings and plants something basically impractical outside the classroom, which makes the process of assimilation and appreciation of the presence of vegetables in people's daily lives very difficult, which we call Plant Blindness. In Basic Education, the situation of Botany is not favorable given that there are almost no mentions of plants in the National Common Base Curriculum for this phase. Therefore, we thought of a proposal to bridge the gap between the teaching of Botany and Early Childhood Education, in the form of a children's story book, entitled “The story of the little orange”. The book was produced to help the teacher to start introducing the subject in a more playful way for children of 3 to 4 years-old. Therefore, this material was designed with the hope that it will contribute to the future of these children and the plants that surrounds us. The main objective was arousing children's curiosity for the plants that surround them and acting in scientific dissemination. The story was told to some students at a Childhood Education Center in the city of Sorocaba, in the state of São Paulo. With the results obtained, we were able to confirm that there are many gaps between the teaching of Botany and Early Childhood Education.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) and chemometrics: possibilities for analytical applications in food analysis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-14)
Gamela, Raimundo Rafael
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0282229340916174
This PhD thesis proposes evaluation of the possibilities and analytical applications of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) techniques for the determination of chemical elements in edible seeds as bean seeds, pumpkin, pea, lentil, and cocoa bean. These seeds are important for diet of the Brazilian population because, besides dietetic fibers, amino acids, vitamins phenolic compounds, it contains chemical elements that play different rules in human organism. The use of the LIBS and WDXRF allow the direct solid samples without or with a minimum sample treatment, high analytical frequency, lower reagent consumption, which become attractive when compared with conventional techniques. However, the disadvantage of the LIBS is its lower sensitivity, high limit of detection and absence of certified reference material for calibration. Moreover, the elemental determination by direct solid analysis using LIBS and WDXRF present challenges due to matrix effects caused by spectral interferences, physic characteristic of the samples and self-absorption phenomena, which can compromise the accuracy of the methods. In this sense, different calibration strategies were evaluated for direct solid sample analysis by LIBS. Moreover, was evaluated the possibility of the use of hyperspectral images to characterize the chemical profile of the distribution of the elements on the seeds. In all cases, chemometrics tools were used for data treatment.
Estudo numérico-experimental da influência dos mecanismos na resistência à força cortante de lajes alveolares protendidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-14)
Sales, Marcel Willian Reis
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Araújo, Daniel de Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8801080897723883
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
The prestressed hollow core slabs present uncertainties regarding the evaluation of the resistance to the resistant shear force. This is because several parameters influence the shear-resistant mechanism of prestressed hollow core slabs, such as the loss of prestressing, the length of transfer of the prestressing force, the position of the critical breaking section, the height of the hollow core slab and the core shape. This work seeks to evaluate the influence of these variables through tests and computational modelling. The tests were performed on a slab with an non-circular cores and height of 200 mm, from segments cut longitudinally from the slab in order to isolate the rib, and thus avoid the torsion effect during the test. The concrete was characterized in terms of compressive strength, elasticity modulus, fracturing energy, and tensile strength. The latter was compared with the tensile strength obtained from bending tests on hollow core slab segments without prestressing. A series of prestressed segments were brought to ruin by flexion in order to determine the actual loss of prestressing. In addition, slab segments, with and without balance at its end, were brought to ruin by shear force in order to identify the influence of the prestressing force transfer length. A group with non-prestressed segments, only 1.0 meter long, were tested with a notch at a certain height. The purpose of this notch was to force a shear crack. A computational model based on the finite element method was developed, which was calibrated by testing the segments and the 200 mm high hollow slab, as well as a 160 mm high hollow slab tested by another author. From these computational models it was possible to determine the transfer length, the position of the critical section and the portion of the prestressing force in the shear capacity of these slabs. Subsequently, these analyses were also performed on a 320 mm and 400 mm slab. Also, in the numerical models, the prestressing intensity installed was varied to analyse its influence. Thus, it was possible to analyse the concrete and prestressing plots in hollow core slabs with different heights. The results of the experiments showed that it is possible to determine the shear force of the model with and without prestressing for shear tests in the segment. The presence of prestressing modifies the cracking panorama of the segments. Segment testing reduced the effects of torsion. From the flexion tests of the segment with and without prestressing, it was possible to determine the tensile strength in flexing the segments of the slab itself, in addition to the loss of prestressing. The computational models showed the behaviour of concrete and strands deformations, making it possible to identify the transfer length and anchoring length. The prestressing portion, in the resistant shear force, varies from slab to slab, and depends on the properties of the cross section and the eccentricity of the strand.
Análise do processo de conclusão dos cursos de graduação de uma IES pública
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-14)
Rosante, Evandro Marcos
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Martins, Manoel Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0859345260059176
The Academic Registration Section (SeRA) has as main attribution the execution of the process of undergraduate courses conclusion of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). This process covers the activities of degree graduation and issuing diplomas. Adversities, such as lack of formal and documented procedures, result in setbacks that hinder the work of the servers and can lead to errors and delays. The objective of this work is to analyze and propose improvements for the process of undergraduate courses conclusion of the UFSCar. The present work was developed through the administrative approach of Process Management. The case study methodology was adopted, developed in six steps, with the techniques of document analysis, participant observation, process mapping and brainstorming. In step 1, the context of the study was presented, as well as the general and specific objectives, as well as their justifications. In step 2, the theoretical review on the administrative approach to Process Management and on federal legislation was elaborated. In the third stage, the Pilot Test was developed with the description of the organizational structure and the rules of the studied institution, as well as the mapping of the current situation (AS IS) of the degree graduation process, through the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). In the fourth stage, the mapping of all phases of the process was developed, as was developed the SIPOC model, to identify the inputs and outputs of the processes, and the Responsibility Matrix that helped in the identification of those responsible for each process activity. In step 5, 13 critical factors were identified from the analysis of the mapped processes. In the last stage, 13 improvement proposals were elaborated, with their justifications and presentation of the implementation feasibility. The last stage also showed the redesign of all stages of the process, generating the flows of the future process mapping (TO BE) and the proposal for the future design of the flow of the process of issuing digital diplomas. It was concluded that the process of undergraduate courses conclusion can be improved with the proposals suggested in this study, however, with the exception of the importance of the consent of the management of the University for a possible analysis and discussion of the implementation of the suggestions.
Eletrofiação de nanofibras de KBiFe2O5 com potencial aplicação em células solares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-15)
Melo, Guilherme Henrique França
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Bretas, Rosario Elida Suman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2805349172281345
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4572506926485001
Today, ferroelectric semiconductors with perovskite type structure are widely studied due to the possibility of obtaining voltages higher than their band gap and to their contribution to the charge carriers’ separation due to the intrinsic polarization of these materials. Ferroelectric oxides usually have high Eg (2.70 - 4.00 eV), which allows only harnessing 8-20 % of the solar spectrum. However, the development of new ferroelectric semiconductors like KBiFe2O5 (KBFO) (Eg = 1.60 eV), has encouraged the application of these materials in solar cells. Routes of chemical synthesis, with reduced times and temperatures are essential, however, for the future application of these oxides in solar cells. KBFO was discovered in 2013 as an alternative to BiFeO3 (BFO) (Eg = 2.70 eV); however, until now, this material has only been synthesized at temperatures equal or higher than 650 °C, which difficult its application in photovoltaic devices. Besides, due to the high resistivity of the KBFO, recombination of the charge carriers is facilitated, thus decreasing its potential; this problem can be diminished, however, by reducing the thickness of the sample. In this work, the KBFO phase was obtained through two routes with a polymer as an additive (PVP), sol-gel synthesis and electrospinning, using five different heat treatments. The formation of the phase was confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction, the presence of the phase was confirmed for synthesis temperatures above 550 ° C and the non-formation for the temperature of 500 ° C; the morphology of the samples was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy, proving the nanometric dimension in the samples obtained through the electrospinning process; the band gap value was obtained through absorption spectroscopy in the Ultraviolet-Visible region (UV-Vis), presenting a band gap close to 1.75 eV. The work presented two unprecedented results: obtaining the KBFO phase at temperatures below 650 ° C (without the use of high pressures) and obtaining nanofibers from this phase.
Preparo de amostras refratárias aplicando procedimentos de digestão assistidos por radiação micro-ondas e análise elementar usando ICP OES
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-15)
Mello, Matheus Lima de
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Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911429694446183
In this study microwave-assisted preparation procedures for decomposition of several inorganic samples and further analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) were developed. In order to obtain reference values, a digestion procedure using heating block with an acid mixture of concentrated HF and HNO3 was applied to achieve total digestion of the samples. This procedure was adopted for establishing reference values. In order to evaluate the feasibility of application of mild sample preparation procedures, 14, 7.0, 4.0 and 2.0 mol L-1 HNO3 and 30 % v v-1 H2O2 were utilized for digestion of inorganic samples in a single reaction chamber microwave oven. Total digestion of calcite, rock phosphate, Rh and Ru catalysts was achieved without needing of HF. Quantitative recoveries were obtained for most evaluated elements despite incomplete digestions, however, for few samples calculated recoveries were not quantitative. In order to evaluate the feasibility of HNO3 recovery from sample digests, two sub-boiling distillation experiments were proposed and involved the mixture of sample digests with technical grade HNO3 and the distillation of pre-evaporated sample digest solution. It was demonstrated that most contaminants were quantitatively removed and the recovered nitric acid provided accurate results when applied for digestion of two certified reference materials.
Efeitos do treinamento físico na adiposidade visceral, tecido adiposo marrom e parâmetros metabólicos de ratos Wistar alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-15)
Alves, João Manoel
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5967275591258470
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that produces various metabolic disorders through the local and systemic inflammatory response occasioned by the pathological remodeling of visceral white adipose tissue (WAT). Furthermore, the activation of inflammatory pathways and the constant obesogenic state caused by the consumption of high-fat diet changes the morphology and function of the brown adipose tissue (BAT), a notable metabolic sink that oxidizes different energetic substrates in the form of heat and contributes to the regulation of the body mass and energy homeostasis. Notwithstanding, physical training is a non-pharmacological tool capable of decreasing the negative consequences of obesity and maintaining the metabolic flexibility of different peripheral tissues through decreasing visceral adiposity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical training on BAT mass, visceral adiposity and on metabolic parameters of Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. First, male adult Wistar rats were separated within a control group fed a standard diet (CTR) and obese fed a high-fat diet (OB). After 12 weeks of obesity induction, the animals were subdivided into four groups: sedentary control group (CTR-SED), trained control group (CTR-TR), sedentary obese (OB-SED) and trained obese (OB-TR). The animals of the trained groups (CTR-TR and OB-TR) were submitted to physical training by swimming modality for eight weeks, in which each session of physical exercise was composed of 60 minutes of duration, frequency of 3 times a week, and intensity equivalent between 3 to 5% of the animal's body mass. The morphology of the epididymal fat (visceral WAT) was verified through histological analysis; visceral adiposity by weighing the deposits of epididymal, retroperitoneal and mesenteric WAT; the mass of the interscapular BAT was measured by weighing on an analytical balance and the glycogen and lipid content in the liver and soleus muscle were obtained using previously established methods in the literature. In the results, we observed that obesity (OB-SED) increased body mass, visceral adiposity, promoted adipocyte hypertrophy, deposition of ectopic lipids in the liver, reduced hepatic glycogen content and increased BAT relative mass. Physical training attenuated body mass increase, intraperitoneal adiposity, and adipocyte hypertrophy; however, was not efficient in reducing liver lipid content and increasing glycogen stores. Besides, physical training independent of the energy diet increased the relative mass of BAT, reduced the overlap of visceral fat on brown fat, and showed a negative correlation with the content of liver lipids. In summary, we conclude that physical training reduces weight gain and intraperitoneal adiposity in obese animals; however, these effects are not accompanied by changes in the metabolic flexibility of peripheral tissues in using fatty acids and glucose during cell activity. Furthermore, physical training and a high-fat diet are effective in increasing the mass of BAT, however, we do not know if this morphometric modification caused a thermogenic signature (expression of uncoupling protein 1 - UCP1) or whitening of brown adipocytes. Thus, further studies are needed to verify the biochemical and morphological adaptations of WAT and BAT in obese animals submitted to physical training.
Avaliação por RMN de alta resolução da presença de cereais não maltados na produção de cervejas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-16)
Esteves, Rafael Rodrigues
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Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5523423303982070
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8221-1394
Statistics show that beer is the most widely consumed alcoholic beverage in the world and it is made up of water, barley malt, hops and yeast as main ingredients. The use of non-malted cereals in beer production is common to reduce the production cost, however the amount used is not declared in the labels. Typically in industrial production, barley malt substitutes are the cheaper sub products from corn (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa). To know about the capability of NMR on detection of different non-malted cereals in beer production, nine beers were produced with different percentages of barley malt, corn grains and rice flakes. The samples were collected during all important stages of production and fermentation. The method was developed with easily preparation of samples, just being a dilution of the sample in deuterated water to avoid errors associated with this step. The ¹H RMN spectra were acquired in a 9.4 Tesla (400 MHz) Bruker® equipment, model AVANCE III, using a 5 mm BBI probe, with the pulse sequence NOESYGPPR1D, being acquired and processed in the Topspin 3.5 pl.7 software. For the chemometric analysis (PCA) was used the AMIX® software version of the 3.9.3 package. Using PCA in the ¹H NMR spectra, it was possible to discriminate the groups of beers produced exclusively with barley malt from beers produced with 30% and 45% non-malted cereals. This analysis showed that the main compounds and metabolites responsible for this discrimination were succinic acid, α(1,4)-glucose, pyruvic acid, and alanine. Finally, it is possible to conclude that the use of ¹H NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometric analyzes were able to discriminate with high precision the presence of non-malted cereals in beer production. These results demonstrate the separation of groups of beers produced with different amounts of adjuncts. Although the results are still initial, they demonstrate the technique's potential for continuing this study and other work that uses NMR applied to food and beverages.
Cure rate models: alternatives methods to estimate the cure rate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-16)
Rodrigues, Juliana Scudilio
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5189010086005005
Cure rate models in survival data studies has formed an important field in the area and has attracted the attention of researchers. In the search for new models of cure rate, the objective of this work is to propose alternative methods to model the cure rate. For this two methods are presented. The first use the methodology of the defective models and the last method use the concept the distributions family. Then, in the first method propose the defective models induced by a frailty term. Defective models have the advantage of modeling the proportion of cured without adding any extra parameters in the model, in contrast to the most models from the literature. Models with a frailty term incorporate an unobserved heterogeneity among individuals and this incorporation brings advantages for the estimated model, because it incorporates the influence of unobserved covariates in a proportional hazard model. It is showed that the new defective distributions are induced when using the gamma frailty term. The last method proposed in this work, is to use distribution families to calculate the cure rate. For this, a parameter $"p"$ is included in the Beta-G family in order to create a new family of cure rate models, the new family can be more flexible for modeling cure rate than the standard mixture models.
Home field advantage effects on decomposition of leaf litter in tropical riparian forests: effects of restoration age, litter quality and soil nutrients
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-16)
Oliva, Rebeca Leme
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Veen, Ciska
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Tanaka, Marcel Okamoto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768658925977757
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5883865030300571
Decomposition of organic matter is influenced by several biotic and abiotic factors. Litter quality, soil nutrient concentration and plant-soil interactions are major factors influencing this ecosystem process in forests at local scales. The home field advantage effect (HFA) has been proven to accelerate decomposition rates for litter at its own home when compared to away sites, and is directly related to the previously mentioned factors. HFA effects can occur in natural forests, but it is still unknown if it can be detected in riparian areas under restoration. Here, we tested if litter quality, soil nutrient concentrations and restoration stage (age) influenced HFA. We carried out three-way reciprocal litter transplant experiments to test the following hypotheses: (1) areas under restoration of the same age, but with differences in soil nutrient concentration and litter quality, will show HFA in areas with low litter quality and soil nutrient concentration; (2) areas under restoration with different ages, but with similar content of soil nutrients and litter quality, will present HFA in older areas, given that decomposers and plants had more time to develop close-knit positive relationships; (3) riparian forest intact remnant areas (i.e., areas not undergoing restoration) that differ in soil nutrient concentrations and litter quality would present HFA in areas with low litter quality and soil nutrient concentrations. Our results indicated no effects of HFA in any hypotheses tested, although we found some support for hypothesis 1 as there was an ability effect in one area and a trend for a negative HFA effect in another. Leaf litter decomposed very fast across all areas possibly due to heavy rainfall in the end of the experiment, so that labile litter was likely totally decomposed, which could obscure HFA effects. We also analyzed the results of the three independent experiments simultaneously to test the additional hypotheses: (4) soil nutrients and litter quality would affect HFA and (5) higher dissimilarities in soil nutrient concentrations and litter quality between home and away sites would result in stronger HFA effects. We found a relationship between HFA and leaf litter quality, and also a relationship between HFA and dissimilarity in soil quality between home and away sites. Also, the most dissimilar areas were the remnant areas. In natural ecosystems, such as forest remnants, plants may have more time to develop relationships with the soil community, in comparison to the riparian forest fragments under restoration studied. This high dissimilarity among remnant areas could also be due to the development of other complex heterogenous plant-soil relationships, established throughout time. Therefore, our studies suggest that although these riparian forest areas under restoration can cover large areas, the time after restoration may not have been enough to recover microbial communities and more specialized ecosystem functions.
O Modelo de Regressão Potência-Normal Logística, Cauchy, Normal e Gumbel para resposta no intervalo unitário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-17)
Pedraza, Carlos Franklin Taco
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Cancho, Vicente Garibay
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503233632044163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2973922801961193
In this research a new statistical model is introduced to model data restricted in the continuous interval (0,1) . The new model is the composition of the power-normal distribution and the quantile of another family of distributions with the same support. The new proposal is a generalization of the model proposed by Johnson (Johnson (1949)). In addition, the new family is extended to regression models as an alternative to the regression model with a unit interval response. Also for the proposed class of models, we developed inference procedures from the classical perspective, based on the likelihood theory. Specifically, the maximum likelihood estimates are obtained numerically and we study the asymptotic properties via stochastic simulation and we develop hypothesis testing procedures for the model parameters and a simulation study is performed to study the asymptotic behavior of the gradient, wald, score and likelihood ratio statistics. An application for real data to illustrate the use of the new family is considered.
Linhas que separam, linhas que unem: percepção de fronteira na cidade de Cáceres - MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-17)
Targioni, Paolo
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1337701018537707
The present study desires to investigate the perception that residents of a border region between Brazil and Bolivia have about the physical border that separates the two countries, as well as other borders that may possibly exist. Initially, in order to support empirical research, were analyzed the work of some of the most important border studies authors. Subsequently, we applied a questionnaire to young students from a university campus in the city of Cáceres (Mato Grosso - Brazil) and then, with the same corpus, were formed focus groups in order to deepen the understanding of the obtained results. The city has been chosen because of its geographical particularity: close enough to the border, so that its residents can get to know it, but also far, to the point that there are people living there who have never approached it. This characteristic meant that the population of the study was composed of people who know the border region very well and others who only have a vague and remote idea, often result of prejudices and stereotypes. Based on the theoretical writings of Sandro Mezzadra on the indeterminacy of the border as well as other authors considered as a reference on border studies, the objective was to better understand if there would be a difference between those who well experienced the physical border and those who do not know it, as in the perception of that, as well as in the perception of other borders (such as gender or ethnic-racial ones) that may eventually arise in our daily lives. The results achieved confirmed the difference in the perception of the indeterminacy of the physical boundary, between the familiar and the unfamiliar with the border, but did not provide significant data relatively the perception of other forms of boundaries. Another important question concerned how would develop the relationship between indigenous residents and those living across the border: foreigners. We were interested in understanding whether there was any difference in this relationship with foreigners between those who know and those who do not know the border, as well as between residents of an urban and a rural area. These hypotheses also were tested through the same interviews, questionnaires and focus groups. The final results, which showed no substantial differences in the relationship with foreigners between those who know and do not know the border, confirmed a different relationship between rural and urban residents.
Estrutura e ecologia trófica da comunidade de beija-flores (Aves: Trochilidae) e seus recursos florais na estação ecológica de Jataí, estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-20)
Silva Neto, Edvaldo Nunes da
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2911344454481529
Studies involving plants and their pollinators have recognized ecological and evolutionary importance. In tropical ecosystems, many species need these mutualistic interactions at some point to complete their life cycle. However, the dynamics of time can seasonally regulate interactions between species, as well as species richness and diversity. The use of the interaction network approach as an analysis tool has gained ground in ecological studies, being used for several purposes, such as testing hypotheses about complex processes that act in the structuring of the community and also assessing the relationship between these processes and community patterns. The study was divided into three chapters, where, in the first chapter, we addressed the theme of natural history and diversity of hummingbird species and their interactions with plants in the Cerrado and we obtained a significant value for the diversity of hummingbirds (n = 16). In the second part, our central objective was to assess the existence of seasonal changes in the hummingbird assemblies and to identify possible patterns of structuring these assemblies over time in response to changes in the composition and abundance of plant species that offer food resources, and we obtained as a result that during the spring it was where we found the greatest diversity of hummingbirds at the Estação Ecológica de Jataí. In the third chapter, the central objective was to assess the hummingbird / plant mutualistic interaction network in the EEJ and our result was that the network is nested, with low connectivity and modularity.
Tetra(tien-2-il)porfirina e seus complexos com metais da primeira-série de transição: síntese, caracterização, investigação da citotoxicidade e interação com DNA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-21)
Pereira, George Bueno Santana
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Rocha, Fillipe Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841127259122766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1517581573225226
Cancer is a generic term for over 100 diseases with uncontrolled cell growth. Each year, all cancer forms are responsible for millions of deaths worldwide and are the leading cause of deaths linked to disease. Therefore, the scientific community is searching for new compounds that serve as agents for chemotherapy. However, there has been a promising application of metalloporphyrins, as these substances have planar structures that interact intermolecularly with DNA molecule. Incorporation of transition metals can increase the solubility and planarity of this class of compounds, enabling different forms of interaction with the DNA double-strand. It is known that 5,10,15,20-tetra- (thien-2-yl) -21H, 23H-porphyrin (H2TTP) contains substituents in a meso position almost coplanar to the porphyrin ring, providing greater planarity when compared to meso-substituted analog compounds. Thus, in this work, porphyrinic complexes of zinc(II), nickel(II), cobalt(II), copper(II), and manganese(III) were synthesized using H2TTP as a ligand. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis, Infrared, fluorescence, and 1H NMR, as well as HRMS-ESI, molecular conductivity and elementary analysis. Data from spectroscopy in the UV-vis region showed that all complexes were able to interact with ct-DNA, obtaining a binding constant in the order of 105 M-1, indicating a non-covalent interaction. Changes in the electrophoretic mobility of the plasmid pBR322 were also observed after incubation (24h) with the [Mn(TTP)Cl] complex. Cytotoxicity of all compounds were evaluated towards two cell lines, A2780cis (cisplatin-resistant ovarian tumor) and DU-145 (prostate tumor). It has been confirmed that the [Mn(TTP)Cl] complex was active against both cell lines, A2780cis (IC50 = 3.45 ± 0.14 μmol.L-1) and DU-145 (5.28 ± 0.23 μmol.L-1) were more cytotoxic than cisplatin. However much, the other complexes did not demonstrate activity in concentrations at 50 μmol.L-1 or lowest. Analyzing the results, it can be concluded that DNA is not the key target involved in [Mn(TTP)Cl] complex cytotoxicity, which further opens up greater possibilities for biological investigation.
Ritos genéticos editoriais em pequenas editoras: relações entre mídium e curadoria na poesia contemporânea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-22)
Rendelli, Tiago Fabris
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Salgado, Luciana Salazar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1185334097225402
esta disertación, desarrollada entre marzo de 2018 y marzo de 2020, presenta los resultados de la investigación sobre el impacto de los ritos genéticos editoriales en pequeños editoriales de poesía en la configuración del estilo de los autores. Para eso, utilizamos los conceptos de midium, desarrollado por Régis Debray (1995), según el cual la transmisión de un mensaje se amalgama en condiciones materiales y técnicas, vinculada a una red institucionalmente demarcada, y de ritos genéticos editoriales, por Luciana Salazar Salgado (2016), que son los procedimientos por los que pasan los originales antes de ser publicados. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que los ritos genéticos editoriales influyen directamente en el estilo de poesía que publican las editoriales analizadas. Como base para este análisis, seleccionamoscuatro pequeñas editoriales: Penalux, Editora Moinhos, Editora Laranja Original y Editora Patuá. Se realizaron entrevistas con los editores de estas casas con preguntas que recorrieron todos los pasos que implicaron una publicación, desde la recepción del original hasta el lanzamiento del libro. En el primer capítulo, presentamos la discusión teórica, revisando las definiciones de los ritos genéticos editoriales, midium, estilo y los relacionamos con una perspectiva de los estudios de edición y del mercado editorial. El segundo capítulo presenta la metodología y las razones de la elección del editor para ser el centro de las entrevistas. El tercer capítulo presenta el análisis de estas entrevistas con las perspectiva de los teóricos presentados.
Armazenagem eletroquímica de hidrogênio: um estudo do comportamento dos metais Pd, Nb e V
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-22)
Bedoch, Audrey Marie
;
Koga, Guilherme Yuuki
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012
;
Zepon, Guilherme
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
Developing safe, reliable, efficient and cost-effective methods for hydrogen storage is a scientific and technological challenge. Among possible methods to store hydrogen, storing it in tanks in the liquid or compressed form are not suitable for daily applications due to serious safety problems; unlike solid state storage. Several solid state methods are available, including electrochemical hydrogen storage. The electrochemical hydrogen storage in metals is one of the promising ways to overcome this challenge, because it can be conducted at low temperature and pressure, which brings greater safety and ease of operation. This master's work aimed to implement a pioneering methodology of studies of electrochemical hydrogen storage in the Metal Hydrogen Laboratory (LH2M) at DEMa / UFSCar, through the study of the electrochemical hydrogen storage behavior of pure metals, with different hydrogen absorption characteristics, namely: Pd, Nb and V. The electrochemical properties of the electrodes were measured in an alkaline solution at room temperature, using the potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), galvanostatic charging and potentiostatic discharging techniques. The electrode structures were evaluated before and after the electrochemical charging / discharging tests by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical behavior of the pure metals (Pd, Nb and V) and their hydrides are coherent with the thermodynamic prevision, where the equilibrium potential is related to the equilibrium pressure. Through electrochemical hydrogen storage, Pd, Nb and V hydrides formed after galvanostatic charging at -200 mA.cm-2. However, only Pd hydride was reversible, Nb and V hydrides were stable, probably due to the oxide/hydroxide formation on the electrode surface in the alkaline media, which hinders the dehydrogenation reaction.
A repercussão da BNCC na cidade de Sorocaba /SP à luz das teorias pedagógicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-22)
Freitas, Carlos Augusto Amaro de
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Martins, Marcos Francisco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8839910228731153
Abstract: the present work was developed under the methodological guidance of bibliographic, documentary and field research. Researching Brazilian education in times of change that guide its practice towards training people for the job market under the bias of a neo-technical education, the foundation of the common national curriculum base, was the research proposal, the specific focus was the municipality of Sorocaba / SP. The curriculum, in its historicity, and the BNCC were analyzed from the critical and non-critical pedagogical theories, to better understand the relationships behind the political, economic, cultural and social orientations that imposed the construction and approval of the national base. Despite its recent existence as a public policy for the implementation of a nationally guiding curriculum for education networks in Brazilian states and municipalities, we undertook a field survey to verify in loco, among professionals of the Sorocaba school space (managers, coordinators and teachers) , responsible for teaching in their formal curricular guidelines, as the base has been shaping the school in Sorocaba since its approval. Considering the short time since the base was approved, it was found to be insipid in its presence in the schools surveyed, including the lack of knowledge of BNCC as a curriculum advisor among the research subjects. We conclude that, in spite of the changes imposed on education, transforming it more and more into merchandise, there are perspectives and pedagogical orientations that face and keeps on the horizon the possibility of a transformative education that allows to increase the humanization potential of the people involved in the educational process, which proved to be forceful in the process of formulating the base, denouncing its real intentions.
O uso de luvas pela equipe de enfermagem em ambiente hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-23)
Rio, Caroline do
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Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7891300226953290
Objective: to characterize the adhesion of the nursing team to the use of gloves in the hospital setting. Methods: a descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach, where between August and October 2019, the use of gloves by the nursing team was observed in the performance of 396 procedures, in a hospital in countryside of São Paulo State of, Brazil. All ethical aspects were considered. Results: 32 different types of procedures were observed. Regarding hand hygiene, only 1.76% (7) was performed before the procedure and only 4.54% (18) after the procedure. The rate of adherence to the correct use of gloves was 60.1% (238). In other 39.9% (158) opportunities, incorrect use varied between reuse (18.43%), unnecessary use (8.33%) and non-use being necessary (13.13%). Conclusion: the use of gloves by the nursing team showed non-conformities in 39.89% of the times. The need for reflection is reinforced with teams and managers that go beyond knowledge assessment and availability of inputs.
Estereótipos da velhice e cultura organizacional: um estudo de suas relações em uma instituição de longa permanência para idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-23)
Blanco, Ana Luiza
;
Zanon, Celeste José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9117512651101224
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5255634592306030
Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon that it’s becoming increasingly more representative in Brazil. Among the different scenarios to be rethought for this new reality, this study prioritizes a discussion about the Organizational Culture in a Long Term Care Institution for Elderly (LCIF) and it’s reflections on the Aging Stereotypes. The potentialization of certain stereotypes can compromise the quality of life of people who internalize such conceptions. Considering this problem, the purpose was to analyze how aging stereotypes, as perceived by the users of and those who work at a LCIF, are reflected by cultural traits of the organization. The study was conducted in a private LCIF and participated in this study employees and residents of the institution. It was used a qualitative approach, using the strategy of a single case study for a better deepening of the institutional analysis. Data collection was applied through the following instruments: Field Diary, Observations Records and a Case Study Protocol, composed by a Semi-Structured Interview. All interviews were transcribed. For the analysis of the material, the rules of categorizations, evidences, chains of evidences and conclusions were followed. The results demonstrate that the organization culture of the institution may be contributing to the perpetuation of negative stereotypes of aging related to dependence, cognitive decline, loss of autonomy, sadness, loneliness and second childhood. Initiatives that promote changes in the organizational culture are important strategies to minimize the identified stereotypes, insuring new ways of care and the social ressignification of aging.