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Grupos operativos: a construção do conhecimento mediante uma relação dialógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-27) Oliveira, Junio Pereira Virto de; Julio, Josimeire Meneses; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8805879632103815; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9128279234896842
Comprehensive education in Brazil is a recent trend, a process that is under construction requiring adaptation of the educational system, especially in its methodological aspects, thus there are great gaps in the understanding of how to operate in relation to it. Thus, it is necessary to bear in mind that the production of the curriculum of the integral school brings the challenge of placing the student as a protagonist in the learning processes. The study investigated the potential of the concepts of operative groups of Pichón-Rivièri as a methodological strategy for the development of learning in students of an integral school in the municipality of Araraquara-SP. Thus, the following research questions were defined: Can operative groups be configured as an alternative methodological strategy in a full school? How can the interrelationship between students guide the progress of a project? Is it possible for students to build learning collectively, producing new knowledge, enabling learning? As a general objective it was analyzed within the operational groups how the tasks were faced during the meetings by the students. The study was based on qualitative research, and is configured as an action research. The method used for data collection was that of participant observation, with the operative groups using mainly the recording of images and audio. Two operative groups were set up in which students were tasked with solving problematic situations culminating in the production of the online newspaper. The dialogues at the meetings produced rich material, enabling the analysis of the data through the characterization of the roles and vectors of the group process, making it possible to point out how the inter-relationship of the students provided a construction of new knowledge from a collective construction, providing opportunities learning situations.
Perspectivas e desafios sobre a temática consumismo infantil: os olhares de professoras dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-27) Lamana, Isabel Cristina Alves Cardoso; Rink, Juliana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5772465855816353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8694275447341019
Education for a conscious consuming and for a socio-environmental responsibility should be present in pedagogical practices developed during Elementary School. However, this theme is still absent in schools. This research aimed to investigate and characterize the teaching process with “child consumerism” topic in pedagogical practices of teachers from early years education in São Carlos-SP. Methodologically it involved field research that included the researcher's diary, documental analysis and semi-structured interviews. Two managers and five effective teachers from the 5th grade participated in the research. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis technique and the emerging categories were "the concept of child consumerism" and "the place child consumerism in the teacher’s work". About the first, the analyzes indicate that all teachers and managers had already heard about child consumerism, however they showed different views on the concept. Regarding the place of the theme in the teachers' daily work, the majority declared observing consumerist situations among students, but the work with the theme is carried out sporadically and punctually throughout the academic year. Some factors related to this are the feeling of lack of preparation to include the subject with children and the lack of time, directly linked to the priority given to the contents of Portuguese and Mathematics in the early years. We didn’t identify specific projects on consumerism in these schools and, although there are projects linked to the environmental theme in a more broad sense, such practices are linked to recycling and/or specifically follow the teaching materials. However, although the study indicates the absence of regular work on child consumerism in the investigated realities, all participants recognize the importance of discussing the topic with children. We expect that this work will contribute to the discussion of the pedagogical practices of the early years in relation to conscious consumption and encourage new research on the topic. The results also point to the absence of projects about this theme in schools, although there are some projects related to the environmental theme in a broader way. In this sense, our study indicates the absence of a regular work about child consumerism in the investigated realities. When existing, such practices are associated with recycling and/or specifically follow the proposals of the teaching material. There is a lack of documents and some curricular proposals that guide them to work on Environmental Education. We hope this work can contribute to the discussion of pedagogical practices of the early years of education, as well as with the promotion of new researches about this topic.
Uso de geometria estocástica para analise e simulação de redes de comunicação sem fio multicelulares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-27) Tojeiro, Mateus Komono; Osorio, Diana Pamela Moya; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5374423182568583; Galeti, Helder Vinicius Avanço; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3876752605313288; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5967687691363297
As the implementation of fifth generation 5G networks continues to advance in terms of developments and standardization, the requirements and limitations that these networks present and the key technologies that will allow the implementation of the services offered are becoming increasingly clear. One of the main characteristics of 5G networks is the fact that they are highly heterogeneous and with demanding requirements for reliability, latency, coverage and security. In this context, the present work conducts a study on large-scale multicellular networks. Specifically, the impact of co-channel interference on the downlink performance of cellular networks is analyzed for different scenarios. For this purpose, a study of the techniques of stochastic geometry has been carried out, which has proved to be a powerful tool to provide a unified mathematical paradigm to model different types of wireless networks, characterize their operations and understand their behavior. Performance analysis was carried out in terms of outage probability and the simulation-level assessment of scenarios with frequency reuse and in the presence of spies.
O celular na escola: desafios nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-27) Grossi, Rafaela Thais Gomes; Gregolin, Isadora Valencise; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8500787684487242
This study aims to present and analyze ideas related to technologies in the field of education, as well as the cell phone use, as a mobile device, in activities in Portuguese language classes. For this purpose, a bibliographic research was carried out to support the discussion, in addition to field research, with interviews with two education professionals and observation of classes. Based on authors such as Kenski (2012), Moran (2018), Rojo (2012), Coscarelli (2017) and Mizukami (1986), among others, we were able to deepen knowledge about the conceptions about technology and information and communication technologies, as well as the educational area and its teaching approaches. Both theories and understandings arising from the data collected in the field led us to more reflective analyzes of the observed reality, paying attention to material, structural, technological and conducting aspects of Portuguese language classes, in contexts of cell phone use by students. Thus, the results led us to conclude that the referred mobile device can be of great use in pedagogical activities and that its use requires essential prior care, such as planning and clear objectives that guide the work of the teacher with students. Anyway, because it is the field of education, where many variables are at stake, we intend to contribute to the discussions that already exist in the area.
Desenvolvimento e validação de procedimento analítico para a determinação de elementos potencialmente tóxicos em alimentos infantis por ICP-MS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-27) Bócoli, Daniela de Assis; Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746158279009225
Feeding is one of the pillars of human health and is an extremely important issue, especially when it comes to childhood feeding. During food processing stages, these can be exposed to contaminants, both organic and inorganic. Inorganic contamination can be caused by chemical elements that present potential toxicity to human beings. Taking into account this possible risk and importance, several world organizations establish laws that define the limits to these potentially toxic elements in food. In Brazil, ANVISA published in 2017 a resolution (RDC Nr. 193) that specifically defines limits for As, Cd, Pb and Sn in infant food. Given this context, the purpose of this work was developing and validating a single analytical procedure for the determination of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Ni, Se e Sn in powder milk, infant formulas, child cereals, and transition foods made of fruits, vegetables, and meat. A microwave-assisted sample preparation procedure in closed vessels was developed to digest the studied samples using 3 mL of concentrated distilled HNO3. Such efficiency was evaluated by determining the dissolved carbon in the digests. The choice of using concentrated HNO3 was also based on the risk of contaminations when using H2O2 combined with diluted nitric acid solution. For ICP-MS measurements it was possible to establish a single procedure to determine all analytes. It was necessary to use argon gas as a diluter in AMS (All Matrix Solution) System. This resource minimized positive errors presented for As and Se. The kinetic energy discrimination mode of operation was used for determination. For procedure validation, the LOQ’s were calculated and they complied with the limits established in RDC nr. 193. The linearity of the analytical curves proved to be adequate by statistical studies such as determination of the coefficients r and r2, residue evaluation, homoscedasticity, among others. Selectivity study for the evaluation of matrix effect showed satisfactory results for all samples, elements and concentration levels. Precision evaluation, which was divided into repeatability and intermediate precision, was considered satisfactory, presenting CV values below 15 % for both tests. CV’s values in repeatability ranged from 0.51 % (powdered milk, Pb, high level) to 14.8 % (Cu, infant formula, low level). CV’s for intermediate precision were from 0.8 % (Sn, high level, vitamin supplement) to 14.4 % (Cu, low level, infant formula). Samples recoveries ranged from 77.3 % (Hg, low level, fruit baby food) to 114.7 % (As, medium level, infant formula) proving the accuracy of the developed procedure by providing results between the limit range of 60 to 115 %. Finally, the measurement uncertainty was calculated for all samples and ranged from 7.22 % for Hg in infant formula to 29.67 % for Se in powdered milk, with precision parameter being the major contributor source to the combined uncertainty. The developed procedure will be implemented in routine work and it will make possible to meet the current demand of the Laboratório Exata.