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Identificação assistida por docking molecular de potenciais alvos em Plasmodium falciparum para derivados de indol-3-glioxiltirosina com atividade antimalárica in vitro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Dávila Rodríguez, María José
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Caracelli, Ignez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956527354576143
;
Schpector, Júlio Zukerman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
Malaria, although it is no longer considered a neglected disease, remains a public health problem. In 2018 alone, the World Health Organization estimated 228 million new cases and 405,000 deaths worldwide. Currently, chemotherapy is the only strategy available for the treatment of this disease. However, the emergence of resistance from Plasmodium spp. to the available antimalarials makes it necessary and preeminent to develop new drugs to treat it. In this sense, the in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum, in the intraerythrocytic stage, of a series of indole-3-glyoxyl tyrosine derivatives are described in the literature. As in recent years, computer-aided methods for drug development have made great advances, being commonly integrated into the preclinical development phase, their use was applied to try to unveil their mechanism of action and/or target which is unknown. In this work, we employ inverse virtual screening based on molecular docking to identify potential targets for the indole-3-glyoxyl tyrosine derivatives. In total, 34 different enzymes from Plasmodium falciparum, with structures available in the Protein Data Bank, were evaluated in detail using molecular docking simulations. Besides, molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the stability of the protein-ligand complexes considered to be promising leads. The results indicated the enzymes dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and plasmepsin II (PMII), of Plasmodium falciparum, as potential targets. The docking simulations showed that the most active compounds would be able to establish the key non-covalent interactions needed for target inhibition, that is, the docking results agree with the experimental values of the antiparasitic activity. Molecular dynamics was used to study the stability of protein-ligand complexes in a situation that simulates biological conditions. All of these results show that the methodology described here can be used in the optimization of the indole-3-glyoxyl tyrosine derivatives aiming at increasing their antiplasmodial activity.
A contribuição da associação entre genealogia acadêmica e bibliometria para a avaliação de Programas de Pós-Graduação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Moura, Vanessa Paula Alves de
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Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0767710394930118
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3872545944819214
The measurement of scientific production is an object of studies much explored in Information Science, through Bibliometrics, which allows to evaluate the performance of researchers and the impacts of their productions, and have the results bibliometric indicators, which are useful to understand reality and act in different situations. Technological evolution allowed the improvement of Bibliometrics and has also benefited other studies, such as Academic Genealogy, which, more recently, has been used to analyze the performance of researchers and the impacts of their actions on Science, through the relationship between supervisor and its oriented. One of the most recent studies in Brazil on Academic Genealogy, is based on the Lattes Platform and the extraction of these data is done by software called AGLattes, developed by researchers in the field of Computer Science. Although the data obtained are rich and valuable, there is little research that uses them for the purpose of complementing bibliometric indicators. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether the application of Academic Genealogy and bibliometric analysis together can bring relevant information about the contribution of a Postgraduate Program in the training of researchers and in the production of knowledge. For the execution of the research, the Postgraduate Program in Materials Engineering of the Federal University of São Carlos - PPGCEM/UFSCar - was chosen, which originated in the first course of Materials Engineering in Brazil. The analysis was made from all teachers which are in the program since its foundation, a total of 58 teachers. As these professors work in other programs, a procedure was developed that made it possible to reach only researchers who have their origin in PPGCEM/UFSCar, eliminating the contamination of data from other programs and allowing to obtain information from 993 direct and 1205 indirect descendants. To extract the scientific production of the Lattes Curriculum of these descendants, the software Lattes Machine was used and later data mining and bibliometric analyzes were performed using the VantagePoint software. The results are illustrated by bibliometric indicators built from the association of Academic Genealogy with Bibliometrics, which provide valuable information about the program, the human resources trained and all their descendants, such as where they work, how they are distributed around the world and in Brazil, the training area, in addition to information about its scientific productions that can be used in the elaboration of strategies, in the self-assessment of graduate programs aiming at guaranteeing the quality and obtaining resources from development agencies, in this case the CAPES. The study also contributes to verify the historical and current importance of PPGCEM/UFSCar and its researchers for the program area and for Science.
Descrição de um novo gênero de aranha Neotropical da família Ctenidae Keyserling, 1877 (Araneae: Lycosoidea)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Pereira, Maria Paula
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Polotow, Daniele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8215172202694229
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Labarque, Facundo Martín
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7227934929457482
The Neotropical region exhibits surprising quantities of spider diversity, with Brazil having the greatest number of described species. The family Ctenidae Keyserling, 1877, is within the ten most diverse families in Brazil. Despite the hundreds of species records for the family, the phylogenetic limits inside and outside the family level are not yet fully defined and recent studies agree with the Ctenidae polyphyly as currently delimited. Also, the subfamily Cteninae, which comprises the genus type Ctenus , was recovered as polyphyletic, as well as the genus, in recent analysis. Authors argue that to achieve the monophyly of these groups, several genera must be described to group the various species out of place and the new species to be described. The present work describes a new Neotropical genus of the family Ctenidae, to accommodate three new species found in the state of Pará, northern Brazil: Bulboctenus kayapo sp. nov. , Bulboctenus itunaitata sp. nov. and Bulboctenus munduruku sp. nov.
O jogo didático Isogames no estudo da isomeria em compostos orgânicos: indícios de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Barbosa, Vivian Marina
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Zanon, Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811225448261362
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4363029727115518
Historically, the traditional approach about contents has been criticized for its limitations regarding to the scientific knowledge. In this conception, Science is decontextualized and uncritical. Therefore, the teaching and learning contribute just a little to keep the interest and motivation in students. In this sense, this research aimed to identify the evidence of learning about isomerism in organic compounds, based on the execution of the educational game called ISOGAMES, based on problem solving and interdisciplinarity. The interest in the study of the theme arose from the analysis of my own practice, because, several times, the students had difficulty understanding concepts related to isomerism. Thus, this research was guided by the following question: Which evidences of learning, about isomerism in organic compounds, can be identified, through the execution of the educational game ISOGAMES, based on problem solving and interdisciplinarity? To get to this, the qualitative research involved the participation of forty sophomore high students of the full time Chemistry course, in one of the Technical Schools (ETECs) in the state´s countryside of São Paulo. The game itself was used for obtaining and analyzing the datas themselves; it was used Concept Maps (MCs) to the themes like adrenaline, aspartame, trans fat and vitamin C; the speeches of the involved ones and the answers to the problem questions. To identify the evidence of learning were analyzed the MCs built by the participants and, using the same resource were created MCs for each of the themes. It was indentified three categories, namely: development of criticality; disciplinary conceptual understanding (isomerism; enantiomers) and, finally, construction of interdisciplinary and contextual meanings about isomerism in organic compounds. The results indicated that the educational game ISOGAMES revealed contribution and potential for learning concepts about isomerism in organic compounds, since it was conceived from an interdisciplinary and investigative perspective. As an educational product resulting from this Dissertation, this game reflects the relationship between theory and practice and the breaking of disciplinary boundaries.
Estudos teóricos e experimentais de complexos de cobre: propriedades espectroscópicas e atividade biológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Oliveira, Herisson Faustino Santos de
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Aguiar, Inara de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8419273145052566
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Rocha, Fillipe Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841127259122766
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. The scientific community is mobilizing to study new compounds with cytotoxic potential and that can be used as molecular probes. However It is important to highlight that for every 100 thousand drug candidates synthesized, only one gets to the final clinical phase. One of the challenges of medicinal chemistry is to optimize the rate of success, increasing the efficiency of the process. In this context, polypyridic ligands act as good options, once when they are coordinated to a metallic center, their complexes can put together crucial structural features to promote their use as biological probes, due a visible bands, resulted of a charge transfer, and cytotoxic agents by intercalation with DNA. In this work, a theoretical investigation by DFT and TD-DFT of Cu II and Cu I complexes was carried out on their structural and spectroscopic properties. Cu II polypyridinics complexes were synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis, NMR, elemental analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy, conductivity and cyclic voltammetry. Data showed absorption and emission ranges above 400 nm, with quantum emission yield values compared to the literature standard [Ru(Bipy)3]2+. The IC50 values towards MDA-MB 231, MCF7 and PNT2 cell lines surpass the cytotoxicity of cisplatin. Ethidium bromide displacement assay showed that all compounds interacted to the DNA molecule and the molecular docking studies demonstrated the capacity of the compounds to act as DNA intercalating agents. Thus, the work indicated the potential of Cu II complexes as active biological agents, both with high cytotoxicity and luminescent properties.
Produção de recobrimentos resistentes ao desgaste através de laser cladding de pós das ligas amorfizáveis fe-co-nb-b-(y)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Lucena, Felipe Amélio de
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0474221317198742
Industrial components can be subjected to a high level of surface wear it necessary to search for new wear-resistant alloys to improve the performance and safety of the components. The objective of this work was to produce laser coatings with high hardness and high wear resistance. Three new vitreous alloys of the Fe-Co-Nb-B-Y system were produced in the arc furnace integrated with the suction system using commercial raw materials (Fe-Nb and Fe-B ferroalloys). Subsequently, through the high energy milling process of the splat plates (> 10 cm) generated during gas atomization, powders (∅ <45 μm) were formed for Fe66Co7Nb4B23 and Fe63Co7Nb4B23Y3 (% at.) alloys. Three different coatings (B, C and D) were produced using the Fe66Co7Nb4B23Y3 (% at.) alloy and one coating (A) for the Fe66Co7Nb4B23 (% at.) alloy for comparison. Each coating was produced using different laser parameters and the powders from the milling. The coatings were subjected to the wear test of pin on disk and Vickers hardness. The “A” coating showed a lower average value of the specific wear rate (2.20 x10-5 mm3/Nm) and a higher average value of the friction coefficient (≈ 1.15) compared to “B” coating. The laser remelting process applied over “C” coating and the addition of a second coating layer in the formation of “D” coating did not significantly change its specific wear rates, which were similar in “B” coating (10.9 x 10-5 mm3/Nm). The friction coefficient of “B” coating (≈ 0.5) increased to ≈ 0.7 after its laser remelting for the formation of “C” coating and decreased to ≈ 0.35 in “D” coating with the addition of a second coating layer. The laser cladding process allowed the production of coatings with high hardness (575 ± 60 to 1160 ± 80 HV).
Formação de hexaluminato de cálcio in situ em refratários macroporosos: caminhos para o desenvolvimento de isolantes térmicos mais eficientes e ecológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Borges, Otávio Henrique
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3641422282209414
Macroporous thermal insulators have recently emerged industrial interest due to their low thermal conductivity and toxicity compared to fiber-based insulators. Nonetheless, some challenges need to be overcome to enable a widespread application of this material. To face some of those, the effects of adding distinct Ca2+ sources and concentrations in alumina-based macroporous ceramics, were evaluated. Initially, the decrease of onset strengthening temperature (TS) induced by CaCO3 was investigated, and a likely mechanism to explain it was proposed. This mechanism allowed to infer that other Ca2+ sources, as Ca(OH)2 and CaO, would act similarly. This hypothesis was later confirmed. Additionally, reduction of shrinkage after firing were detected due to hibonite (CA6) formation induced by the presence of these Ca2+ sources. Ca(OH)2 and CaO could not be used in high concentrations without reducing the material porosity due to their effect on the ceramic suspension. However, this phenomenon was no observed for CaCO3, which could be used to produce an insulator with high porosity, linear expansion of 1% after firing at 1600ºC for 5h and thermal conductivity of 0.63Wm-1K-1 at 1200ºC. Finally, SiO2, TiO2 or ZnO in amounts varying from 0.6mol% to 2.8mol%, were evaluated as mineralizing agents. This analysis showed that the two latter allowed complete CA6 formation at, respectively, 1300ºC and 1400ºC rather than 1600ºC. Additionally, ZnO induced the development of CA6 with a higher aspect ratio without reducing the material's refractoriness. Thus, at the end of this work, it was possible to produce an in-situ macroporous thermal insulator comprised by acicular CA6 at 1300ºC, presenting high porosity (83%), zero shrinkage after firing at 1600ºC for 5h, TS of 680ºC and thermal conductivity of 0.55Wm-1K-1 at 1200ºC. Thereby, it is expected that the use of such material could help energy-intensive industries to improve their efficiency, reducing environmental impacts and production costs.
Astronomia e Educação Ambiental: uma proposta na busca pela consciência planetária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-28)
Silva Neto, Natan Pires da
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Bretones, Paulo Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0016646045895716
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3482022072069939
The objective of this research is to investigate the application of Astronomy contents in Environmental Education (EE) and to contribute to the development of planetary or ecological awareness. For this purpose, an intervention study of experimental nature was developed. A didactic sequence in Astronomy was proposed to contribute to the development of ecological awareness among students. Initially, a bibliographic review of theses and dissertations, articles published in journals, and works presented in selected events was carried out. Qualitative data was analyzed in order to investigate the characteristics of pedagogical practices, the acquisition of knowledge, and the involvement and participation of students in the production of the proposed activities, such as thematic workshops. With the activities, it was possible to detect the acquisition of knowledge and the increase in students’ vocabulary related to astronomical concepts. It was also noted that astronomical scientific knowledge contributes to the development of ecological awareness, considering the interface of these areas as a motivation for students to incorporate them to their daily lives and to improve environmental discussions. The environment is addressed as an important resource for the survival of all living beings, and EE is approached as a teaching and learning process to raise awareness in the preservation and conservation of these resources. The Astronomy content was developed from the individual's vision and perception. The Solar System was discussed as a portion of the Universe with pedagogical strategies in the practice of activities. These activities used a topocentric approach and a holistic perspective. Through classroom discussions, during the stages, the development of ecological awareness was evidenced using the multidisciplinary potential of Astronomy. The didactic sequence motivated the students and contributed to the understanding of human belonging to the planet and of responsibility with the environment.
Avaliação da degradação de poliamida 11 empregada em cabos umbilicais por viscosidade inerente e reometria em regime oscilatório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-29)
Severino, Patrícia Baggio
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Cruz, Sandra Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9632409046763256
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4449365726409890
Umbilical cable is one of the main systems for monitoring, powering, and supplying chemicals foroffshore oil and gas wells. Polyamide 11 (PA 11) composes the ducts for the chemical injection andcan suffer withseveral degradation processes. Little is known about the degradation resulting from the chemical contact between the applied products and the PA 11. Currently, the inherent viscosity is the analytical technique most used by the oil industry in monitoring the polyamide 11degradation, as it allows inferring about the polymeric molar mass. However, this technique makes use of toxic solvents, and generates hazardous waste. A more compliant alternative with the concepts of green chemistry and operational safety, is the use of rheological analyzes in a small amplitude oscillatory regime. This technique allows to evaluate changes in the molecular structure of the polymer, provides information on the molar mass distribution, storage module (G') and loss module (G''), does not use solvents and is an automatedand robust technique. In this sense, the objective of this work was to establish a correlation between the analysis of oscillatory rheometry with the inherent viscosity tomonitor the degradation of polyamide 11. It were analyzed polyamides with four different levels of degradation and two chemical products, A ( naphtha base, diesel oil, butoxyethanol and mercaptoethanol) and B (condensed aldolic base and ethanol), most used during oil and gas production as corrosion inhibitors and H2S scavengers, respectively. It was observed through the values of corrected inherent viscosity (VIC) and viscosimetric molar mass (𝑀𝑣̅̅̅̅) that extrusion reprocessing resulted in PA 11 with different molar masses possibly due to hydrolytic degradation, associated with polycondensation reactions. By analyzing the Cole-Cole curve, an increase in the molar mass distribution was observed. It was also possible to verify that the immersion time and the type of degrading chemical medium has a greater impact on the degradation of PA11. Since the Newtonian plateau was not identified in the viscosity curve as a function of frequency, an alternative to the Cox-rule Merz was the use of β, which showed a greater variation between the values obtained by VIC and by rheometry for the mostdegraded samples. A good correlation was found between rheometry and viscosity in solution, indicating that the methodology used can be used to measure the variation in the molar mass of the polyamide 11.
Aplicabilidade de índices colorimétricos no melhoramento genético da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-29)
Tairum, Rachel Cruz Carvalho
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Gazaffi, Rodrigo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506894662453338
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6448896994942123
Modern techniques and equipment have proved to be of great value in accelerating the harvest and productivity of crops. This is due to precision agriculture that has evolved to improve the knowledge of the field, however, it is not only in the context of final production that the improvements can be observed but also in the development of varieties during the genetic improvement of plants, where techniques of Remote sensing has been used to better understand the field areas and the genetics of the individuals to be selected. To this end, the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has proven to be of great value as a method of remote, accurate and rapid assessment of the field, incorporated with RGB cameras that are usually factory equipment with the UAV. However, in addition to the pure visualization of the images obtained, color indices can also be used for more detailed exploration of the plants. In the culture of sugarcane, works involving this type of approach are rare, mainly in convergence with genetic attributes, an area that has grown and may be better explored. Thus, the objective of this work was to study how the use of UAVs and color indices can be incorporated into the genetic breeding of sugarcane through the study of two areas: The Painel Brasileiro de Genótipos de Cana-de-Açúcar (PBGCA) and a second phase of selection of varieties (T2) in the genetic breeding program. With this study, it was possible to ascertain that the indices are correlated with each other, however they do not correlate with the field indices evaluated during the second improvement phase, observing a distinction between color indices and field indices. In the panel evaluation, it was possible to determine some ideal crop evaluation times, as well as the distinction between a rainy season, a dry period and a plant growth period. In general, the present dissertation can consider the use of color indices as a future tool to be incorporated in breeding programs for the selection of individuals, and the ExG color index was the most appropriate considering the components of variance and heritability. However, it was not yet possible to find associations with variables commonly used in the field, thus requiring further studies on the subject.
Roda de Samba na Escola: processos educativos emergentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-30)
Rodrigues, Fabio Carvalho
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Galizia, Fernando Stanzione
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4007795540173093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5427908839675643
This master research, characterized as an action research (TRIPP, 2005), was developed in conjunction with the project “Roda de Samba na Escola”, in a Public State School of the Integral Education Program of the Initial Years, in the state of São Paulo. The objective of this research was make an investigation about the educational processes developed within the samba circle (“Roda de Samba” – RDS – in Portuguese), which took place in the school playgrounds. The group of students surveyed was chosen according to their own interests, with an authorization from their parents or legal guardians and also with the authorization of the school. Before the RDS, interviews were conducted with a group of 43 students to ask their motivation and their previous experiences with samba. The data collection was effected in eight samba circles, divided into: “RDS Aprendiz”, “RDS do Convidado”, “RDS de Ensaio”, “RDS de Apresentação”, “RDS de Baião”, “RDS de Avaliação”, “RDS Livre” and “RDS Final”. The theoretical framework was composed by several authors from the Education and Music area, that we highlight: Gohn (2006; 2013; 2014; 2016), Vianna (1995), Sodré (1998), Souza (2013), Arcuri (2015) and Zabala (1998). In the results, about the students' motivations and previous experiences, we realized that the students bring a previous experience from their family and from the school itself, in addition to the desire to play as the main motivation. About the subjects worked on the circles, we found a small predominance of conceptual contents in relation to attitudinal and procedural contents, but which did not become predominant because there was a certain balance between them. Regarding samba, we realized that the actions developed in the project approach resistance actions, with the learning of “Tiririca” concepts and notes about existing historicity being reasons for making music be included in the samba culture. We also noticed that the educational processes emerged in different contexts and in different circles and varied between formal, non-formal and informal learning. Finally, as a conclusion, we perceived that there was an effective learning through the samba circles at school, in which students, in emerging educational processes, became more knowledgeable of the culture linked to this musical genre.
Fronteiras e paradoxos: a relação intermidiática entre cinema e performance no documentário Espaço além - Marina Abramović e o Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-30)
Balász, Huli de Paula
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Paiva, Samuel José Holanda de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7222933274927263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5244080549654466
This work analyzes the Brazilian documentary Espaço além - Marina Abramović and Brazil (The Space In Between: Marina Abramović and Brazil, Marco Del Fiol, 2016) for the bias of intermediality. The film approaches Abramović's trajectory in seek of healing and inspiration around the country. In her pilgrimage, the artist travels through regions of Brazil experiencing sacred rituals and exploring the boundaries between art, immateriality and consciousness. As theoretical reference, Ágnes Pethő’s (2018) concept of “in-betweenness” is considered and supported by the intermediality research axis also based on authors such as Dick Higgins (2012) and Irina Rajewsky (2012). The aim of this research is to investigate how the intermedial relationship between cinema and performance in that film reveals the subjective dimension of the character. In this regard, it also studies concepts of performance in authors such as Richard Schechner (2006), Roselee Goldberg (2016) and Tania Alice (2014). Besides, this research verifies possible comparison between the mode of performative documentary (Bill Nichols, 2012) and remediation (Jay David Bolter and Richard Grusin, 1999) of performance in film, since one can notice the displacement of the performance to the cinematographic universe throughout Abramović’s journey.
Atuação do terapeuta ocupacional na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal: um estudo da prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-30)
Matos, Francielli
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Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7725979533945601
Occupational Therapy aims to compose a team from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in order to contribute with strategies that favor the welcoming and interventions for the demands of the newborn and his family. In this context, intensive care, a literature indicates that the occupational therapist must be attentive to the baby's signs, clinical condition and environmental conditions, in order to favor brain development and neonatal physiological stability. The Southeast is a region with the highest concentration of NICUs, in addition to being the region where it produces the most knowledge on this subject. The general objective of this study is to characterize the practice of Occupational Therapists at the NICU in the State of São Paulo. Specifically, it is intended to verify the professional profile of occupational therapists who work in the NICU; identify how actions performed by occupational therapists within the scope of the NICU and propose an observation guide for the practice of occupational therapists working in the NICU. This study has a descriptive character, predominantly qualitative approach and data data through semistructured interviews. The interview was conducted with 8 occupational therapists from 5 cities in the state of São Paulo. It appears that the practice of these professionals is specialized in working with newborns, with a family, with a team and, even, without a physical environment of the NICU. Professional challenges related to excessive functions within the hospital, the lack of recognition on the part of the team and the difficulty in finding specific theoretical references directed to practice are also mentioned. The study allowed to know the practice of 8 professionals, occupational therapists, working in neonatal intensive care units, showing their experiences, methods and challenges. The data also reaffirm an emergency in this field for Occupational Therapy. This study, although limited by the limited number of participants, presents results that clarify and detail the practice of occupational therapists working in the NICU, who can contribute to the promotion of the profession in this field.
Análise da efetividade de gestão das Áreas de Proteção Ambiental Marinhas do estado de São Paulo/Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-30)
Oliveira, Ana Paula Garcia de
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Pagani, Maria Inez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7524778123773562
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1292686282354718
The Brazilian Coastal and Marine Zone is approximately 10,800 km long, reflecting the great diversity of ecosystems and species present in the coastal / marine territory. The Protected Areas is internationally recognized as one of the main conservation instruments. Management effectiveness is defined as an assessment of the success of the management of protected areas, verifying if the management actions are fulfilling the objectives of creating the UC and managing to protect environmental and social factors. The objectives of this study are (1) to analyze the management effectiveness of the Marine APAs in the State of São Paulo, indicating the management actions that should be prioritized and suggesting recommendations for management measures that contribute to the effectiveness of the UCs (2) elaborate the definition of management effectiveness for Marine APAs, based on the main positive and negative points identified in this study. The methodology used was the RAPPAM Method (Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Management of Conservation Units). The results show that the management effectiveness of the 3 Marine APAs is average, and the management planning, performance of the Managing Councils and communities and the internal organization of the UC are the indicators that enhance management. The best performance was obtained in the Planning element, while the Inputs element was the one that obtained the lowest results. Investing in inputs is essential so that the other elements of management effectiveness can be improved. The recommendations for management measures were listed, based on the results of the pressures and threats and the information obtained from the results of the other elements of effectiveness. This study showed that the UCs seek to achieve the objectives of conserving natural resources, however the management results are compromised due, mainly, to the low investment of inputs. It is hoped that this current panorama of the effectiveness of the management of Marine APAs and how suggested management measures can improve the management of protected areas, an end that they achieve their creation objectives.
Aula de arte na educação básica: um estudo sobre as concepções de professoras atuantes em escolas públicas na cidade de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-30)
Godoy, Karen Adriana
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Galizia, Fernando Stanzione
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4007795540173093
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8679239829254671
This work investigated the conceptions of Art teaching by teachers working in public schools in the city of São Carlos / SP. As specific objectives, it was intended: to explore which artistic languages the teachers consider to be valid for teaching Art; identify which activities they expect to be carried out in the teaching of Arts; understand why these teachers consider such activities to be valid for teaching Art; to verify the role of art teaching at school for these teachers; and to analyze their conceptions regarding Art teaching at school. We rely on authors who discuss topics such as: “What is Art”; “Legislation on teaching Art”; and “Function and conceptions about teaching Art”. This is a qualitative research, in which a study of interviews was carried out, and which used the semi-structured interview as a data collection technique. For data treatment, content analysis was performed. Four art teachers from the Municipal and State Education Networks were interviewed, in schools located in São Carlos / SP. The data allowed to conclude that the legislation referring to the teaching of Art in schools does not offer concrete subsidies for the teaching work in Art of teachers. In addition, it was possible to conclude that the demands in relation to professional training and teaching practice are still in great disagreement, causing the area to weaken, professional devaluation and an art teaching with little theoretical basis. We were also able to conclude that the interviewees consider the presence and teaching of the four artistic languages at school to be important, but when reporting on the activities carried out in Art classes, the vast majority rely on examples of the visual language or only in the area of their training.
Política sociais e desenvolvimento: o caso de Sinop/MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-30)
Vieira Júnior, Hélio
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Sanchez, Fábio José Bechara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6423443695464907
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3678358223060049
The objective of our research was, in general, to understand the relationship between social policies and the development process in the period comprised by Lula’s second Government (2007-2010) and Dilma’s Government (2011-2014), as well as, the impact of this policies on the extension of constitutional social rights. To this end, we propose to study this double and mutually determining process from, on one hand, the analysis of the meaning of social policies of the city of Sinop development process, in the period between the years 2007 and 2014; and, on the other hand, the character verification of these social policies implemented in the city in that period, if it showed more a demercantilization character (in the sense of sharing wealth) or mercantilization (that is, converging to market forces). Considering it is a relatively new municipality and is located in a region of recent colonization, Sinop had, at the end of 2005, a high level of lack on basic infrastructure in several areas, particularly in the areas related to Health, Education, Housing and basic Sanitation. Such index of shortage in basic infrastructure placed the municipality of Sinop as one of the ones that most demanded investments (both in the state and in the midwest region in general), which, among other factors, favored the municipality to be contemplated, since 2006, with the implementation of a set of public policies belonging to the Federal Government's Growth Acceleration Program (PAC), destined for the construction and or expansion of social infrastructure. In this sense, the city of Sinop has placed itself as a privileged space for observing the impact of these policies on the promotion of economic development and the social inclusion process. To the fulfillment of our study, we used, as methodological instruments, bibliographic research, historical research, documentary research and interviews. The implementation, in Sinop, of some of those policies, especifically, in areas such as Health and Education, ended up printing significant changes in the municipality, both from a qualitative and quantitative point of view. The analysis of such impacts, based on Sinop, allow us to observe some significant aspects when development policies prioritize the social.
Calibration strategies for elemental determination using direct solid analysis by x-ray spectroscopy and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-30)
Babos, Diego Victor de
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442387758950717
Direct analysis of solid samples using techniques such as wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WD XRF), X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS); have many advantages for the development of new analytical methods. However, as the sample is analyzed in its entirety (analyte and matrix present in the analyzed portion) by these techniques, strong matrix effects and inadequate preparation of the solid calibration standards can occur and compromise the determination with the necessary accuracy and precision. Several univariate and multivariate calibration strategies and different preparations of solid calibration standards were evaluated for the direct determination of i) Ca, P and S in mineral supplements for cattle by WD XRF, including the speciation analysis of S (elemental sulfur and sulfate species); ii) species of P (phosphate and phosphite) in fertilizers and mineral supplements for cattle XANES spectroscopy, and iii) of Ca and P in mineral supplements, and Al and Pb in electronics waste using LIBS. The evaluated strategies were matrix-matching calibration, internal standardization, calibration-free, single-sample calibration, one-point and multi-line calibration, two-point calibration transfer, partial least squares regression and linear combination fitting. Two new univariate calibration strategies have been proposed for the direct analysis of solids by LIBS: i) multi-energy calibration and one-point gravimetric standard addition. These strategies enable efficient matrix-matching and minimize matrix effects. Considering the advantages and limitations of the evaluated calibration strategies, the intrinsic characteristics of the analyzed samples and the determined analytes, associated with appropriate chemometric tools; new methods of determination and analysis of chemical speciation were proposed in this thesis, with excellent parameters of analytical performance.
Efeitos do treinamento aeróbio no conteúdo da proteína utrofina e nas propriedades contráteis do músculo tibial anterior de camundongos mdx: modelo experimental da Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Araújo, Tatiana Oliveira Passos de
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Cornachione, Anabelle Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0547232657871313
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7130870964881750
Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe muscular dystrophy caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein that determines, progressive loss of muscle fibers and muscle weakness. It is a disease that has no cure, numerous studies seek palliative treatments that can mitigate the effects of the disease and provide a better quality of life for the patient. Low-intensity aerobic exercise has shown promising results in the rehabilitation of dystrophic skeletal muscle due to the content of utrophin protein, a protein homologous to dystrophin. However, there are few scientific reports that involve analysis of utrophin content after a long period of low-intensity aerobic training in dystrophic muscles. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the impact of low-intensity aerobic training on the content of utrophin protein, in the anterior tibial muscle of mdx mice. Methods: 36 male mice were used, 12 Wild Type C57BL-10 animals (n = 6 / sedentary groups 21 and 37) and 24 mdx C57BL / 10-Dmdmdx animals (n = 6 / sedentary groups 21 and 37 and n = 6 / trained groups 21 and 37 sessions). The animals were submitted a low intensity running sessions (21 and 37) on a flat treadmill, and during the period grip strength test was performed. After the sessions, the animals were euthanized, and blood samples were obtained for analysis of the protein creatine kinase (CK), and the anterior tibial muscle excised for morphological and biochemical analysis. Results: The mdx animals showed a significant reduction in strength and utrophin content, important morphological changes, such as: necrosis, concomitant to the increase in CK, when compared to Wild Type animals. After 21 and 37 training sessions, there was an improvement in handgrip strength and morphological aspects, and an increase in utrophin content when compared to sedentary mdx animals. However, the animals submitted to the 37 of training showed more significant improvements when compared to those trained for 21 sessions. Conclusion: The maintenance of training for a long period has been shown to stimulate the increase in the content of utrophin protein, improve the function and morphology of the anterior tibial muscle of mdx mice.
Desenvolvimento de modelo computacional para simulação de transiente hidráulico em linhas de recalque
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Faria, Ítalo Meireles
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Kellner, Erich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6855091004957784
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7165687177354829
The phenomenon of hydraulic transient, also known as water hammer, can cause serious problems in hydraulic installations as well as disturbances to public supply. The underpressures and overpressures resulting from the sudden closing of valves or interruption of pumping can cause damage to hydraulic installations, hence the need to know the magnitudes of these events. Thus and so, the objective of this dissertation was to develop a computational model to calculate the pressures resulting from the hydraulic transient in settlement lines, using the Characteristics Method, based on models generated by the Epanet software. The computational model was written in Visual Basic language under the Visual Studio 2010 platform. The results obtained from the simulations were compared with the pressure load data measured in a 1606.00m extension line, 350mm diameter in Cast Iron, and with a manometric height of about 50 mH2O. The pressure profiles simulated over time next to the check valve resulted in adherence to the values measured in the field, mainly in the first period of the pressure curve. The results simulated by the developed model were corroborated when compared with the results obtained with the Allievi ® software. The amplitudes observed in the first period of the pressure waves were compatible with the theoretical predictions obtained by the Jouguet Equation. The computational model developed also simulated the pump stop condition by setting a voltage ramp to slow down the pumping. The simulation results were compared with the data measured in the field and did not result in good adherence.
Professor, intérprete e aluno surdo: uma relação além da comunicação nas aulas de Educação Física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Ayoub, Ronan Ahmad Juste
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Campos, Douglas Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7847352503840983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2681688049230805
This research aims to investigate, discuss and analyze how a physical education teacher acts in theoretical and practical classes with deaf students, with and without an interpreter presence, based on the Theory of Communicative Action, by Habermas (2012). We start from the principle that the traditional expository classes restrict the relations of the deaf student with the interpreter and it causes a deficient interaction with the school staff including with the teacher himself/herself. Although, in this educational context, it is essential the interpreter presence to the development of the deaf student, considering that this professional mediates among the participants by oral communication and the deaf student affectivity with this professional promotes positive effects to the student´s development. We used as methodological instruments the reflexive diary, elaborated along the professional career of the researcher who followed the student for two years, and semi-structured interviews with the actors of the studied phenomenon: the interpreter, the deaf student, the pedagogical coordinator and another physical education teacher who taught in the Elementary school with the same student. We concluded that during the Physical Education practices, considering the use of motricity, the deaf student as well as the other staff school members look for communicative tools to solve the problems, in order to not be so dependent of the interpreter, with direct communication among the subjects. We also conclude that in traditional expository classes, the deaf student limits to the interpreter, and by doing it restricts his/her communication and relation with the present teacher as well as the staff school members. A proposed suggestion was the productive groupings as a methodological possibility based on communicative rationality.