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Efeitos do treinamento aeróbio no conteúdo da proteína utrofina e nas propriedades contráteis do músculo tibial anterior de camundongos mdx: modelo experimental da Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31) Araújo, Tatiana Oliveira Passos de; Cornachione, Anabelle Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0547232657871313; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7130870964881750
Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe muscular dystrophy caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein that determines, progressive loss of muscle fibers and muscle weakness. It is a disease that has no cure, numerous studies seek palliative treatments that can mitigate the effects of the disease and provide a better quality of life for the patient. Low-intensity aerobic exercise has shown promising results in the rehabilitation of dystrophic skeletal muscle due to the content of utrophin protein, a protein homologous to dystrophin. However, there are few scientific reports that involve analysis of utrophin content after a long period of low-intensity aerobic training in dystrophic muscles. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the impact of low-intensity aerobic training on the content of utrophin protein, in the anterior tibial muscle of mdx mice. Methods: 36 male mice were used, 12 Wild Type C57BL-10 animals (n = 6 / sedentary groups 21 and 37) and 24 mdx C57BL / 10-Dmdmdx animals (n = 6 / sedentary groups 21 and 37 and n = 6 / trained groups 21 and 37 sessions). The animals were submitted a low intensity running sessions (21 and 37) on a flat treadmill, and during the period grip strength test was performed. After the sessions, the animals were euthanized, and blood samples were obtained for analysis of the protein creatine kinase (CK), and the anterior tibial muscle excised for morphological and biochemical analysis. Results: The mdx animals showed a significant reduction in strength and utrophin content, important morphological changes, such as: necrosis, concomitant to the increase in CK, when compared to Wild Type animals. After 21 and 37 training sessions, there was an improvement in handgrip strength and morphological aspects, and an increase in utrophin content when compared to sedentary mdx animals. However, the animals submitted to the 37 of training showed more significant improvements when compared to those trained for 21 sessions. Conclusion: The maintenance of training for a long period has been shown to stimulate the increase in the content of utrophin protein, improve the function and morphology of the anterior tibial muscle of mdx mice.
Viabilidade de queima de casca de eucalipto em fornos de cimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31) Molin Filho, Ricardo André Dal; Yamaji, Fábio Minoru; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0006403994158308
Cement factories, have rotary kilns that use fuels, either fossil, coprocessed or renewable (biomass) and are capable of absorbing all the ash produced during the process, as well as allowing the raw material to be adapted to new fuels. Currently, cement companies already coprocess tires, liquid or paste fuels and signal and increasing demand for biomasses. The objective was to study the of this research is to study the viability of burning eucalyptus bark in cement kilns. Approximately 10 tonnes of eucalyptus bark (waste from a panel industry) were used. Eucalyptus bark was characterized by immediate analysis (ash content – ASTM D1102-84, volatile content – ASTM E872-82 and fixed carbon by difference), bulk density (DIN 14778), moisture (ASTM E871-2013.30), PCS by calorimetric pump (IK C200), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/Perkin Elmer), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/HITACHI TM 3000) coupled to X-Ray spectroscopy by energy dispersion (EDS). The results by immediate analysis showed an ash content of 4.89%, volatiles of 78,46% and a fixed carbon of 16.65. The SEM/EDS analyzes indicated aluminum and silica with more than 30% suggesting material contamination. The moisture varied between 20 to 45% and density from 33 to 52 kg/m3 indicating a very heterogeneous material. The PCS of the eucalyptus bark was 4206 kcal/kg, a value considered attractive for the cement industries. The TGA showed a final decomposition temperature of 600 º C favoring a rapid burning in cement kilns, where the control temperature is close to 880 º C. As a result, the burning of the eucalyptus bark became viable in the cement kiln at 2.5t / h, allowing for 7% thermal replacement, preserving quality and the environment. The results also indicate the possibility of increasing the dosage of the eucalyptus bark, requiring a longer period of tests to ensure the required limit for the quality of the clinker.
Desenvolvimento de método eletroanalítico utilizando sensores eletroquímicos descartáveis para detecção do biomarcador miRNA-203 visando o diagnóstico de câncer de cabeça e pescoço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31) Fonseca, Wilson Tiago da; Melendez, Matias Eliseo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2746759168721010; Faria, Ronaldo Censi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5171265975962414
A great effort has been made in the development of new analytical methods for biomarker detection aiming at the diagnosis of cancer. Therefore, in this work it was developed an electroanalytical method using low-cost disposable electrochemical sensors (DESs) for the early diagnosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) in a simple, fast, and accurate way. The DESs were fabricated using a craft cutter printer and disposable materials, such as polyester sheets (transparency film for laser printers), vinyl adhesives, laminating pouch masks, carbon conductive and Ag/AgCl inks. All electrodes present in the DES were fabricated employing the screen printing technique, which were used for the detection of the microRNA-203 biomarker (miRNA-203) related to the HNC. The analytical method for the miRNA-203 detection was developed using a capture probe DNA sequence (DNACp) which was immobilized in magnetic particles (MPs) to capture miRNA-203 (MPCp) through hybridization assays resulting in the formation of the bioconjugate MPCp-miRNA-203, after the capture of miRNA-203 a detection probe DNA sequence (DNADp) complementary to DNACp was immobilized on gold nanoparticles (AuNPsDp) allowing its binding in the terminal region of DNACp forming the bioconjugate MPCp-miRNA203-AuNPsDp. The bioconjugate formed was characterized using the techniques Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy and, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. The analytical signal was obtained using the Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) technique and a 0.2 mol L−1 HCl solution as a supporting electrolyte. After the optimization of the SWV parameters, the method was applied in samples of total RNA from cell lines and lymph nodes of patients with HNC provided by the Molecular Oncology Research Center of the Barretos Cancer Hospital. The electroanalytical method developed presented an analytical curve with a linear range from 1.0 to 500.0 fmol L−1, linear correlation coefficient of 0.997, and limit of detection of 0.52 fmol L−1. The proposed method differentiated healthy individuals and patients with HNC through the amount of miRNA-203 found in the lymph node samples and was presented as an alternative method of low cost, very attractive for the early diagnosis of HNC in a simple, fast and, precise way, which could contribute to a more effective treatment to patients with the disease.
Professor, intérprete e aluno surdo: uma relação além da comunicação nas aulas de Educação Física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31) Ayoub, Ronan Ahmad Juste; Campos, Douglas Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7847352503840983; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2681688049230805
This research aims to investigate, discuss and analyze how a physical education teacher acts in theoretical and practical classes with deaf students, with and without an interpreter presence, based on the Theory of Communicative Action, by Habermas (2012). We start from the principle that the traditional expository classes restrict the relations of the deaf student with the interpreter and it causes a deficient interaction with the school staff including with the teacher himself/herself. Although, in this educational context, it is essential the interpreter presence to the development of the deaf student, considering that this professional mediates among the participants by oral communication and the deaf student affectivity with this professional promotes positive effects to the student´s development. We used as methodological instruments the reflexive diary, elaborated along the professional career of the researcher who followed the student for two years, and semi-structured interviews with the actors of the studied phenomenon: the interpreter, the deaf student, the pedagogical coordinator and another physical education teacher who taught in the Elementary school with the same student. We concluded that during the Physical Education practices, considering the use of motricity, the deaf student as well as the other staff school members look for communicative tools to solve the problems, in order to not be so dependent of the interpreter, with direct communication among the subjects. We also conclude that in traditional expository classes, the deaf student limits to the interpreter, and by doing it restricts his/her communication and relation with the present teacher as well as the staff school members. A proposed suggestion was the productive groupings as a methodological possibility based on communicative rationality.
Sachês compósitos biodegradáveis à base de amido visando o acondicionamento de nutrientes para aplicação como fertilizantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31) Sciena, Camila Rodrigues; Paris, Elaine Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8475640212486290; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4618947245242318
The Brazilian agrarian system is responsible for a large part of the national GDP, even though agricultural production is dependent on foreign trade. In addition, many producers prioritize the use of NPK-type fertilizers for soil maintenance, neglecting other nutrients such as magnesium and manganese, which have synergy with phosphorus. Another problem is in the process of leaching of these nutrients, resulting in economic and environmental losses. In order to minimize this waste, the present work aims to produce biodegradable composite films for the release of nutrients P, Mg and Mn. In this way, nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) were synthesized by the precipitation method. For HAP, the obtaining speed was varied. For the synthesis of MgO, the temperature of the heat treatment used after its precipitation was varied. The HAP obtained by rapid synthesis showed solubilization similar to the slow one. The same behavior was observed for the MgO sample with heat treatment at 350 ° C for 2 h, in relation to the higher temperatures. For the production of starch-based thermoplastic composite films, different sources (potato, rice, cassava and corn) were processed in a mixing chamber coupled to a torque rheometer. After analyzing the solubility of the films in water, corn and potato films were selected for the production of starch and pectin blends. The biodegradation test showed higher rates of degradation in the blend composed of corn starch and in compositions with high levels of pectin, which also showed an increase in antimicrobial activity. For this reason, the blend of 75% corn starch and 25% pectin (m/m) was selected for incorporation of FAU zeolite modified with manganese, which varied from 1 to 5% (m/m) and did not result in changes in permeability to water vapor, but did in the mechanical properties. The presence of FAU caused the stress drop, however, it was responsible for the increase in deformation when 3% (m/m) of the particles were added. Sachets composed of 100 TPS, 75 TPS: 25 PEC and 75 TPS: 25 PEC: 3% FAU were produced for packaging the HAP and MgO nanoparticles. It is concluded that the films composed of starch and pectin helped in the process of making phosphorus and magnesium available. Composite films were effective for slow release of the ions of interest.
Análise do comportamento bilíngue: estudos teóricos e empíricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31) Santos, Rafael Ernesto Arruda; Elias, Nassim Chamel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308769990382960
This dissertation is divided into five chapters. The first one is theoretical, the second and third ones are systematic reviews and the fourth and fifth ones are empirical studies. Chapter 1 aims to analyze a theoretical approach concerning Behavior Analysis and Bilingualism to value the cultural aspects involved in sign language and the deaf community. In the cultural context, the deaf differs when modeling their language, while they are visually modeled for the execution of signs, the listeners are modeled in speech, thus producing two distinct verbal communities: deaf and listeners. The conclusion produces a reflection on whether the practice of the Behavior Analyst, as a cultural agent, should promote a medical or an anthropological vision in his/her studies on deafness, which could lead to the approximation with Bilingualism in the defense of Libras and the deaf Community. Chapters 2 and 3 aimed to analyze papers published on deafness / hearing impairment in Behavior Analysis national (Chapter 2) and international (Chapter 3) journals,. These two chapters carried out a systematic review. The results of Chapter 2 present 39 papers, 18 of which are on deafness / hearing impairment, 18 on Autism Spectrum Disorder and three on intellectual disability. In Chapter 3, 30 papers were found, being 23 on empirical research and seven on theoretical research. The data presents a historical tradition of papers on Behavior Analysis and deafness or hearing impairment. Chapter 4 aimed to verify the effect of Matching-to-sample (MTS) trials as a procedure for evaluating a pre-established reading repertoire with word comprehension in deaf adolescents, by choosing the printed word corresponding to the video with sign in Libras. The method consisted of first testing identity MTS with colors to acclimate the participant to the experiment; then, MTS trials were used to test arbitrary relations between signs in Libras (A) as samples and printed words (B) in Portuguese as comparisons; finally, the participants were instructed to choose the correct order (as programmed by the experimenters) of words to form sentences in Portuguese and in Libras. Chapter 5 aimed to establish contextual color control for the syntactic configuration of two languages, green as contextual control for sentences in Libras and yellow as contextual control for sentences in Portuguese through teaching with copy. Four adolescents from a bilingual school and users of Libras participated in the study. The experimental method consisted of a multiple baseline design with multiple probes, in which pre-tests evaluated the performance of constructing recombined sentences and sentences that were to be taught. In summary, the teaching procedures of Behavior Analysis collaborate to seek empirical data on Bilingualism and to reflect on theoretical interpretations of verbal behavior and Bilingualism.
Desenvolvimento de modelo computacional para simulação de transiente hidráulico em linhas de recalque
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31) Faria, Ítalo Meireles; Kellner, Erich; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6855091004957784; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7165687177354829
The phenomenon of hydraulic transient, also known as water hammer, can cause serious problems in hydraulic installations as well as disturbances to public supply. The underpressures and overpressures resulting from the sudden closing of valves or interruption of pumping can cause damage to hydraulic installations, hence the need to know the magnitudes of these events. Thus and so, the objective of this dissertation was to develop a computational model to calculate the pressures resulting from the hydraulic transient in settlement lines, using the Characteristics Method, based on models generated by the Epanet software. The computational model was written in Visual Basic language under the Visual Studio 2010 platform. The results obtained from the simulations were compared with the pressure load data measured in a 1606.00m extension line, 350mm diameter in Cast Iron, and with a manometric height of about 50 mH2O. The pressure profiles simulated over time next to the check valve resulted in adherence to the values measured in the field, mainly in the first period of the pressure curve. The results simulated by the developed model were corroborated when compared with the results obtained with the Allievi ® software. The amplitudes observed in the first period of the pressure waves were compatible with the theoretical predictions obtained by the Jouguet Equation. The computational model developed also simulated the pump stop condition by setting a voltage ramp to slow down the pumping. The simulation results were compared with the data measured in the field and did not result in good adherence.