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Efeitos do treinamento aeróbio no conteúdo da proteína utrofina e nas propriedades contráteis do músculo tibial anterior de camundongos mdx: modelo experimental da Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Araújo, Tatiana Oliveira Passos de
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Cornachione, Anabelle Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0547232657871313
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7130870964881750
Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe muscular dystrophy caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein that determines, progressive loss of muscle fibers and muscle weakness. It is a disease that has no cure, numerous studies seek palliative treatments that can mitigate the effects of the disease and provide a better quality of life for the patient. Low-intensity aerobic exercise has shown promising results in the rehabilitation of dystrophic skeletal muscle due to the content of utrophin protein, a protein homologous to dystrophin. However, there are few scientific reports that involve analysis of utrophin content after a long period of low-intensity aerobic training in dystrophic muscles. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the impact of low-intensity aerobic training on the content of utrophin protein, in the anterior tibial muscle of mdx mice. Methods: 36 male mice were used, 12 Wild Type C57BL-10 animals (n = 6 / sedentary groups 21 and 37) and 24 mdx C57BL / 10-Dmdmdx animals (n = 6 / sedentary groups 21 and 37 and n = 6 / trained groups 21 and 37 sessions). The animals were submitted a low intensity running sessions (21 and 37) on a flat treadmill, and during the period grip strength test was performed. After the sessions, the animals were euthanized, and blood samples were obtained for analysis of the protein creatine kinase (CK), and the anterior tibial muscle excised for morphological and biochemical analysis. Results: The mdx animals showed a significant reduction in strength and utrophin content, important morphological changes, such as: necrosis, concomitant to the increase in CK, when compared to Wild Type animals. After 21 and 37 training sessions, there was an improvement in handgrip strength and morphological aspects, and an increase in utrophin content when compared to sedentary mdx animals. However, the animals submitted to the 37 of training showed more significant improvements when compared to those trained for 21 sessions. Conclusion: The maintenance of training for a long period has been shown to stimulate the increase in the content of utrophin protein, improve the function and morphology of the anterior tibial muscle of mdx mice.
Desenvolvimento de modelo computacional para simulação de transiente hidráulico em linhas de recalque
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Faria, Ítalo Meireles
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Kellner, Erich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6855091004957784
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7165687177354829
The phenomenon of hydraulic transient, also known as water hammer, can cause serious problems in hydraulic installations as well as disturbances to public supply. The underpressures and overpressures resulting from the sudden closing of valves or interruption of pumping can cause damage to hydraulic installations, hence the need to know the magnitudes of these events. Thus and so, the objective of this dissertation was to develop a computational model to calculate the pressures resulting from the hydraulic transient in settlement lines, using the Characteristics Method, based on models generated by the Epanet software. The computational model was written in Visual Basic language under the Visual Studio 2010 platform. The results obtained from the simulations were compared with the pressure load data measured in a 1606.00m extension line, 350mm diameter in Cast Iron, and with a manometric height of about 50 mH2O. The pressure profiles simulated over time next to the check valve resulted in adherence to the values measured in the field, mainly in the first period of the pressure curve. The results simulated by the developed model were corroborated when compared with the results obtained with the Allievi ® software. The amplitudes observed in the first period of the pressure waves were compatible with the theoretical predictions obtained by the Jouguet Equation. The computational model developed also simulated the pump stop condition by setting a voltage ramp to slow down the pumping. The simulation results were compared with the data measured in the field and did not result in good adherence.
Professor, intérprete e aluno surdo: uma relação além da comunicação nas aulas de Educação Física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Ayoub, Ronan Ahmad Juste
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Campos, Douglas Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7847352503840983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2681688049230805
This research aims to investigate, discuss and analyze how a physical education teacher acts in theoretical and practical classes with deaf students, with and without an interpreter presence, based on the Theory of Communicative Action, by Habermas (2012). We start from the principle that the traditional expository classes restrict the relations of the deaf student with the interpreter and it causes a deficient interaction with the school staff including with the teacher himself/herself. Although, in this educational context, it is essential the interpreter presence to the development of the deaf student, considering that this professional mediates among the participants by oral communication and the deaf student affectivity with this professional promotes positive effects to the student´s development. We used as methodological instruments the reflexive diary, elaborated along the professional career of the researcher who followed the student for two years, and semi-structured interviews with the actors of the studied phenomenon: the interpreter, the deaf student, the pedagogical coordinator and another physical education teacher who taught in the Elementary school with the same student. We concluded that during the Physical Education practices, considering the use of motricity, the deaf student as well as the other staff school members look for communicative tools to solve the problems, in order to not be so dependent of the interpreter, with direct communication among the subjects. We also conclude that in traditional expository classes, the deaf student limits to the interpreter, and by doing it restricts his/her communication and relation with the present teacher as well as the staff school members. A proposed suggestion was the productive groupings as a methodological possibility based on communicative rationality.
Desenvolvimento de método eletroanalítico utilizando sensores eletroquímicos descartáveis para detecção do biomarcador miRNA-203 visando o diagnóstico de câncer de cabeça e pescoço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Fonseca, Wilson Tiago da
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Melendez, Matias Eliseo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2746759168721010
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
A great effort has been made in the development of new analytical methods for biomarker detection aiming at the diagnosis of cancer. Therefore, in this work it was developed an electroanalytical method using low-cost disposable electrochemical sensors (DESs) for the early diagnosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) in a simple, fast, and accurate way. The DESs were fabricated using a craft cutter printer and disposable materials, such as polyester sheets (transparency film for laser printers), vinyl adhesives, laminating pouch masks, carbon conductive and Ag/AgCl inks. All electrodes present in the DES were fabricated employing the screen printing technique, which were used for the detection of the microRNA-203 biomarker (miRNA-203) related to the HNC. The analytical method for the miRNA-203 detection was developed using a capture probe DNA sequence (DNACp) which was immobilized in magnetic particles (MPs) to capture miRNA-203 (MPCp) through hybridization assays resulting in the formation of the bioconjugate MPCp-miRNA-203, after the capture of miRNA-203 a detection probe DNA sequence (DNADp) complementary to DNACp was immobilized on gold nanoparticles (AuNPsDp) allowing its binding in the terminal region of DNACp forming the bioconjugate MPCp-miRNA203-AuNPsDp. The bioconjugate formed was characterized using the techniques Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy and, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. The analytical signal was obtained using the Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) technique and a 0.2 mol L−1 HCl solution as a supporting electrolyte. After the optimization of the SWV parameters, the method was applied in samples of total RNA from cell lines and lymph nodes of patients with HNC provided by the Molecular Oncology Research Center of the Barretos Cancer Hospital. The electroanalytical method developed presented an analytical curve with a linear range from 1.0 to 500.0 fmol L−1, linear correlation coefficient of 0.997, and limit of detection of 0.52 fmol L−1. The proposed method differentiated healthy individuals and patients with HNC through the amount of miRNA-203 found in the lymph node samples and was presented as an alternative method of low cost, very attractive for the early diagnosis of HNC in a simple, fast and, precise way, which could contribute to a more effective treatment to patients with the disease.
Viabilidade de queima de casca de eucalipto em fornos de cimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Molin Filho, Ricardo André Dal
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Yamaji, Fábio Minoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0006403994158308
Cement factories, have rotary kilns that use fuels, either fossil, coprocessed or renewable (biomass) and are capable of absorbing all the ash produced during the process, as well as allowing the raw material to be adapted to new fuels. Currently, cement companies already coprocess tires, liquid or paste fuels and signal and increasing demand for biomasses. The objective was to study the of this research is to study the viability of burning eucalyptus bark in cement kilns. Approximately 10 tonnes of eucalyptus bark (waste from a panel industry) were used. Eucalyptus bark was characterized by immediate analysis (ash content – ASTM D1102-84, volatile content – ASTM E872-82 and fixed carbon by difference), bulk density (DIN 14778), moisture (ASTM E871-2013.30), PCS by calorimetric pump (IK C200), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/Perkin Elmer), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/HITACHI TM 3000) coupled to X-Ray spectroscopy by energy dispersion (EDS). The results by immediate analysis showed an ash content of 4.89%, volatiles of 78,46% and a fixed carbon of 16.65. The SEM/EDS analyzes indicated aluminum and silica with more than 30% suggesting material contamination. The moisture varied between 20 to 45% and density from 33 to 52 kg/m3 indicating a very heterogeneous material. The PCS of the eucalyptus bark was 4206 kcal/kg, a value considered attractive for the cement industries. The TGA showed a final decomposition temperature of 600 º C favoring a rapid burning in cement kilns, where the control temperature is close to 880 º C. As a result, the burning of the eucalyptus bark became viable in the cement kiln at 2.5t / h, allowing for 7% thermal replacement, preserving quality and the environment. The results also indicate the possibility of increasing the dosage of the eucalyptus bark, requiring a longer period of tests to ensure the required limit for the quality of the clinker.
Sachês compósitos biodegradáveis à base de amido visando o acondicionamento de nutrientes para aplicação como fertilizantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Sciena, Camila Rodrigues
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Paris, Elaine Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8475640212486290
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4618947245242318
The Brazilian agrarian system is responsible for a large part of the national GDP, even though agricultural production is dependent on foreign trade. In addition, many producers prioritize the use of NPK-type fertilizers for soil maintenance, neglecting other nutrients such as magnesium and manganese, which have synergy with phosphorus. Another problem is in the process of leaching of these nutrients, resulting in economic and environmental losses. In order to minimize this waste, the present work aims to produce biodegradable composite films for the release of nutrients P, Mg and Mn. In this way, nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) were synthesized by the precipitation method. For HAP, the obtaining speed was varied. For the synthesis of MgO, the temperature of the heat treatment used after its precipitation was varied. The HAP obtained by rapid synthesis showed solubilization similar to the slow one. The same behavior was observed for the MgO sample with heat treatment at 350 ° C for 2 h, in relation to the higher temperatures. For the production of starch-based thermoplastic composite films, different sources (potato, rice, cassava and corn) were processed in a mixing chamber coupled to a torque rheometer. After analyzing the solubility of the films in water, corn and potato films were selected for the production of starch and pectin blends. The biodegradation test showed higher rates of degradation in the blend composed of corn starch and in compositions with high levels of pectin, which also showed an increase in antimicrobial activity. For this reason, the blend of 75% corn starch and 25% pectin (m/m) was selected for incorporation of FAU zeolite modified with manganese, which varied from 1 to 5% (m/m) and did not result in changes in permeability to water vapor, but did in the mechanical properties. The presence of FAU caused the stress drop, however, it was responsible for the increase in deformation when 3% (m/m) of the particles were added. Sachets composed of 100 TPS, 75 TPS: 25 PEC and 75 TPS: 25 PEC: 3% FAU were produced for packaging the HAP and MgO nanoparticles. It is concluded that the films composed of starch and pectin helped in the process of making phosphorus and magnesium available. Composite films were effective for slow release of the ions of interest.
Análise do comportamento bilíngue: estudos teóricos e empíricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-07-31)
Santos, Rafael Ernesto Arruda
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308769990382960
This dissertation is divided into five chapters. The first one is theoretical, the second and third ones are systematic reviews and the fourth and fifth ones are empirical studies. Chapter 1 aims to analyze a theoretical approach concerning Behavior Analysis and Bilingualism to value the cultural aspects involved in sign language and the deaf community. In the cultural context, the deaf differs when modeling their language, while they are visually modeled for the execution of signs, the listeners are modeled in speech, thus producing two distinct verbal communities: deaf and listeners. The conclusion produces a reflection on whether the practice of the Behavior Analyst, as a cultural agent, should promote a medical or an anthropological vision in his/her studies on deafness, which could lead to the approximation with Bilingualism in the defense of Libras and the deaf Community. Chapters 2 and 3 aimed to analyze papers published on deafness / hearing impairment in Behavior Analysis national (Chapter 2) and international (Chapter 3) journals,. These two chapters carried out a systematic review. The results of Chapter 2 present 39 papers, 18 of which are on deafness / hearing impairment, 18 on Autism Spectrum Disorder and three on intellectual disability. In Chapter 3, 30 papers were found, being 23 on empirical research and seven on theoretical research. The data presents a historical tradition of papers on Behavior Analysis and deafness or hearing impairment. Chapter 4 aimed to verify the effect of Matching-to-sample (MTS) trials as a procedure for evaluating a pre-established reading repertoire with word comprehension in deaf adolescents, by choosing the printed word corresponding to the video with sign in Libras. The method consisted of first testing identity MTS with colors to acclimate the participant to the experiment; then, MTS trials were used to test arbitrary relations between signs in Libras (A) as samples and printed words (B) in Portuguese as comparisons; finally, the participants were instructed to choose the correct order (as programmed by the experimenters) of words to form sentences in Portuguese and in Libras. Chapter 5 aimed to establish contextual color control for the syntactic configuration of two languages, green as contextual control for sentences in Libras and yellow as contextual control for sentences in Portuguese through teaching with copy. Four adolescents from a bilingual school and users of Libras participated in the study. The experimental method consisted of a multiple baseline design with multiple probes, in which pre-tests evaluated the performance of constructing recombined sentences and sentences that were to be taught. In summary, the teaching procedures of Behavior Analysis collaborate to seek empirical data on Bilingualism and to reflect on theoretical interpretations of verbal behavior and Bilingualism.
Identificação e classificação de áreas úmidas costeiras relacionadas à valoração de seus serviços ecossistêmicos na ilha de Santa Catarina (Florianópolis) – Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-03)
Teixeira, Marcela Ribeiro e Silva
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Hennemann, Mariana Coutinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5417820950612976
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
The uncontrolled growth of the population occurs mainly in coastal areas, resulting in a new form of appropriation of nature that intensifies and change the characteristics of the landscape. The impact caused becomes dangerous for the conservation of ecosystems, mainly coastal wetlands and their ecosystem services, which even covering 1.5% of the earth’s surface, represent 40% of the essential natural services offered to humanity. The services offered include, among others: periodic water supply; retention of flood pulses and sediments; purifies water; aquifer recharge and groundwater. The conservation of these areas guarantees the survival and well-being of humans and the ecosystem. For this, however, it is necessary to have reliable information to generate public policies that keep them conserved. Thus, the work aims to identify, measure and compare the coastal wetlands of Santa Catarina Island within the boundary of the Jurerê and Ratones hydrographic basins, in the years 1957 and 2016, relating them to their available ecosystem services using the valuation as an indicator. Monetary value of these services. For this purpose, a dichotomous switch was made to identify the coastal wetlands found through QGIS, to later identify ecosystem services with the help of the CICES V5.1 system, and finally to value the services through the transfer of benefits. A loss of 33.86% was observed in coastal wetlands in the 59-year interval and consequently there was a loss of 38,523,225.36 (R $ / ha / year) in ecosystem services. To regularize public policies that value the conservation of the environment, it is necessary to understand how it works, what it can provide for society and how it has been affected by the demographic growth of the region. Therefore, it is extremely important to identify and classify areas of social and biological interest, their available services, and the negative impacts brought to the population, serving as an argumentative basis for their conservation.
Conditional independence testing, two sample comparison and density estimation using neural networks
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-03)
Inacio, Marco Henrique de Almeida
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Izbicki, Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1931901020027887
Given the vast amount of data available nowadays and the rapid increase of computational processing power, the field of machine learning and the so called algorithmic modeling have seen a recent surge in its popularity and applicability. One of the tools which has attracted great popularity is artificial neural networks due, to among other things, their versatility, ability to capture complex relations and computational scalability. In this work, we therefore apply such machine learning tools into three important problems of Statistics: two-sample comparison, conditional independence testing and conditional density estimation.
Estudo teórico de nano sistemas de azulenos: azulfenos, ANTs, poliazulenos e polinaftalenos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-03)
Costa, Alexandre
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López-Castillo, Alejandro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2599181118729458
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4811445469385118
Azulene-based nanographene-like materials are predicted and studied to reveal the molecular properties of these new materials. C48H18/(G-48), C68H22/(G-68), and C88H26/(G-88) nanographenes and their isomers based on azulene molecule (azulphene) as A-48, A-68, and A-88 were studied to infer general properties for large azulphene systems. Nanotubes from azulphenes are also obtained and studied. The isoelectronic graphene and azulphene materials have significant differences concerning, e.g., electric dipole, aromaticity, bond length, and bond stress. In the present studies, it was used the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and including the version of Grimme´s D dispersion for the different spin multiplicities: singlet close-shell (CS) and open-shell (OS), triplet, and quintet. For example, the ground-state of A-(48-68-88) structures is a singlet. The UV-visible spectra of all compounds exhibit maximum absorption peaks attributed to the electronic transition π→π*. The IR spectrum of G-88 and A-88 shows an intense set of absorption peaks in the range [600:1700 cm-1]. The following IR frequencies could be used as an indicator of azulphene structures: 1124, 1162, 1436, 1542, and 1597 cm-1. The azulphene sheets have a non-uniform distribution of the electron density, unlike graphene systems, which makes them promising candidates for regioselective chemical modification. The nucleus independent chemical shift calculations show that the five-membered rings are aromatic, and the seven-membered rings are anti-aromatic similar to azulene molecule. Our study also showed that smaller diameter tubes based on azulene (C57NTs) might be more stable than their conventional C6NTs isomer. The geometries, the electronic structures and the aromaticity of the [n]-azulene and [n]-naphthalene polymers were studied, by using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the Møller–Plesset (MP2) Pertubation Theory, for the different multiplicities (M=2S+1): singlet (S=0, closed and open shell), triplet (S=1) and quintet (S=2). The ground-states of the [n]-azulene polymers were a singlet (closed shell) for any values of n (n≤10). The ground-states of the [n]-naphthalene polymers were a singlet (closed shell) for n≤6 and triplet for 7≤n≤10. The electric dipole moment of the odd [n]-azulene polymers varied with the length of the polymer chain, while exhibiting a local minimum for [5]-azulene. The dipole of the even [n]-azulene and the (even and odd) [n]-naphthalene polymers were null by symmetry, essentially as a result of the non-polar structure of the azulene dimer and the benzene molecule. The [n]-azulene polymers could be considered as semiconductors, since for the large chain, the HOMO-LUMO gap was estimated at 0.70 eV. The large naphthalene polymers perhaps reached zero gaps. All of the polymers had electronic transition peaks in the visible region and their maximum was red-shifted for the increasing chains. The nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) calculations have shown that ring tension was an important factor in the aromaticity loss, as shown, for example, for the flat, the cycle, and the Möbius strip [20]-polymers. The Aromatic Stabilization Energies (ASEs) that were based on the homodesmotic and isodesmic reactions were also obtained.
Jogando meu corpo no mundo: relações entre "conflito urbano" e "acumulação social da diferença"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-04)
Cunha, Janaina Maldonado Guerra da
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7012273415372763
This dissertation aims to understand the relationship between urban conflict and difference in the contemporary São Paulo. Based on the ethnographic study conducted in a periphery of the East Zone of São Paulo, I discuss the grammars and normative regimes that emerge from the differentiation processes in operation in cities. I start from the idea that the categories that mark the difference guide the constitution of the grammars mobilized by the subjects for the understanding of social problems, in each daily situation. I consider that the meanings of these categories are disputed through social relations, and are related to the production of orders and formations of sovereignty in urban spaces. Theoretically, I propose a dialogue between two distinct fields of study: Urban Sociology and Studies of Difference. From this, I suggest that the urban conflict is crossed by a process of ‘social accumulation of difference’ from which more or less reified subject positions emerge.
Avaliação de matérias-primas alternativas com ação ligante ou sinterizante para concretos refratários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-05)
Consonni, Leonardo Barbosa
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Luz, Ana Paula da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
Refractory materials are used as linings in most equipment of heavy industries. As the latter are continuously seeking to reduce expenses in order to increase their energy efficiency and productivity, the evaluation of binding and/or sintering agents, which would reduce time and temperature of thermal treatments, besides providing better properties to refractories in a broad temperature range (600-1500°C), has been widely studied in last years. Considering these aspects, this work aimed to evaluate the viability of different raw materials (calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum lactate, dead-burnt magnesia, magnesia fumes) as alternative binding or sintering additives to calcium aluminate cement (CAC) in refractory castables, as CAC does not provide a sintering effect to refractory products at intermediate temperatures (600-1000°C). The developed compositions were submitted to mechanical and thermomechanical characterization tests, such as cold modulus of rupture (MOR) and hot modulus of rupture (HMOR) after thermal treatment at different temperatures (50-1500°C), thermal shock (∆T ~ 1000°C), among others. Calcium carbonate and hydroxide did not provide an efficient binding effect (MOR 0.5-3.5 MPa), but their distinct sintering mechanisms (sintering-coarsening-coalescence process and CaO release, respectively) improved the mechanical and thermomechanical performance (MOR 8-40 MPa and HMOR 12-40 MPa) in a broad temperature range (600-1500°C). Dead-burnt magnesia and fumes provided a binding effect (MOR 2-12 MPa) due to brucite formation but sintering was limited in these castables. The mixture of calcium carbonate with magnesia fumes or aluminum lactate improved the green mechanical strength but reduced the sintering effect at intermediate temperatures (600-1000°C). These results showed the feasibility of replacing cement with the mixture of CaCO3 and aluminum lactate, what would bring economic effects with the reduction in the use of cement and the acquired performance.
Uma análise histórica dos indicadores de gestão dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-05)
Salim, Fabiana
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Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699426339290191
The Managerial Public Administration or New Public Management, has approached the principles of efficiency, effectiveness and effectiveness to achieve management results as an offer to society. In public education, these principles have also been placed on the agenda, in order to demonstrate the efficient application of public resources, as well as the implementation of public policies for social and professional inclusion. Performance indicators are a management tool to compare the results achieved with the established goals. The Federal Network for Professional, Scientific and Technological Education, responsible for the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology, is charged with demonstrating efficiency in management, through 12 performance indicators, set out in a TCU Judgment, which must be included in the reports of management of Federal Institutes. The objective of this work was to analyze how the behavior of the proposed indicators took place, in a historical perspective, understanding the temporal evolution of the years 2012 to 2018, when the data started to be systematized, at national and regional level, and to verify whether the indicators are correlated. As a result of the research and analyzes carried out, it was found that part of the indicators have shown satisfactory results and shown efficiency in the application of educational policies at Federal Institutes. Other indicators showed results that did not a statement about their efficiency and effectiveness, demonstrating the need to review and reassess the set of indicators, their calculation method and the analysis of the results, so that in fact the results obtained can be used as management tools and not simply to fulfill a requirement of the control bodies.
Avaliação agronômica, físico-química e sensorial de híbridos de pimenta (Capsicum chinense Jacquin)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-06)
Martinez, Marcela
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Sala, Fernando César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6158658718343230
The consumption of Capsicum peppers has been growing, encouraging cultivation and increasing the demand for new cultivars with better agronomic and nutritional qualities. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic, physical-chemical and sensory characteristics of five hybrids and a commercial open pollination cultivar (BRS Moema) of C. chinense pepper. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment in a completely block experimental design, with six replications and six treatments. The data were submitted to analysis of variance with subsequent grouping by the Scott & Knott test at 5%. The F1 23 hybrid was one of the most productive, with the highest value of total fresh fruit weight, average fruit weight, productivity, fruit diameter, pulp thickness and number of locules. For the physicalchemical analyzes, the hybrids F1 10, F1 12 and BRS Moema, obtained higher levelsof lipids, carbohydrates, phenolic and carotenoid compounds, total soluble solids and fibers. The F1 12 hybrid had a higher capsaicin content (12.73 mg g-1), while in F1 10 and F1 21 this was absent. For sensory analysis, the hybrids F1 12, F1 17 and F1 23, presented, respectively, greater sums for sweet aroma and pungency, size, color and sweet taste. The hybrids were superior to BRS Moema, for most of the evaluated characteristics, presenting high potential for the pepper agribusiness.
Estratégias operatórias para a colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar: contribuições para o desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-06)
Freitas, Larissa Diniz
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0762341759642671
Introduction - The current production rates of the mechanized sugarcane harvest, below those expected at the beginning of the mechanization process, motivate countless researchers to make several quantitative methodological attempts in the different dimensions of the activity, in order to understand how the variables of the mechanized cutting process are correlated and how they interfere in the performance of the harvesting equipment. However, from a speech by a harvester operator: “It is the cane that shows the ability for you to walk”, the intelligence of the worker's practice in his/her activity is revealed, showing his/her fundamental role in the operational performance through his/her reading of the cane field. Objective - Evaluate how the technocentric and quantitative variables used in the calculation of the global efficiency of the sugarcane harvester are influenced by the operator's action, from the perspective of the ergonomics of the activity. Methods - Qualitative research, the main results of which were assessed through the Work Analysis of the sugarcane harvester operators under the Course of Action ergonomic method. Triangulation (observations and interviews) was used as data collection procedures. Twenty visits were made to the work teams of a sugar-energy plant, in which 17 were carried out on the sugarcane cutting and loading work team and the other three on the teams of fertigation, fertilization, planting and harvesting of seedlings, on different days of the week, in different shifts, varying between 2 to 9 hours in duration. On each visit to the cutting teams, an operator was accompanied during his/her work shift, from inside the harvester's cabin. Workers' courses of action were recorded in chronicles and then analyzed in graphs of tetradic signs. Results - The analysis of the courses of action revealed an operational logic that is imposed on workers by mechanization and, at the same time, hidden by the productive indexes. The operator perceives the context of his/her own work and the work of his/her colleagues to make decisions, prioritizing sometimes the cleanliness of the harvested mass, the fuel consumption, the losses of cane in the field and the loading flow in the transshipment; sometimes, the harvesting strategy, the number of maneuvers, the maintenance of the implements and the release of overflows. This prioritization of actions directly affects performance indicators, which can be calculated using the data indicated by monitoring software. Despite this, the OEE was not shown to be sufficient to evaluate the performance in mechanized harvesting, due to the limitation and loss of data; the extrapolation of what would be the active time; the disregard for the sugarcane productivity; and, the failure to contemplate the real conditions of the harvesting equipment and, not even, the operating strategies that the operators are submitted to develop to create satisfactory indicators for the plant. Conclusion - Because of the partial availability of the harvester, where problems coexist throughout the harvesting process, and because of the instability in the production of cane cultivation, which has variability that automation does not master, the operator is asked to use his skills to do your job. And, therefore, the greater this competence, the greater the possibilities for action to generate better indicators.
Mineração de regras de associação temporais envolvendo dados quantitativos contínuos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-07)
João, Rafael Stoffalette
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Ribeiro, Marcela Xavier
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0300141044144026
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0409203389633082
The consideration of temporality in a explicit manner on the task of association rules mining that involves continuous quantitative data is one approach that aims to contribute to the field of study of knowledge discovery in databases. The construction of temporal intervals from attributes of a data set also provides to the method to identify binary relations, which these intervals may have. This work describes the development of a new method, named ART-Q, for the task of mining temporal association rules which involve continuous quantitative data. The temporality is assumed, in the present work, in its explicit form, not only by data sequencing. The patterns that allow the rules construction are made of binary relations from Allen’s intervalar algebra in the temporal intervals that describe the continuous quantitative attribute’s behavior of interest. The method has proven being able to reveal implicit information in different contexts databases. The results are demonstrated by temporal intervals of interest of the attributes and their algebric relations, patterns and temporal association rules. The work demonstrates that the method ART-Q contributes to the evolution of the literature with the definition and search of a new kind of pattern, more complex than those present in the studies. By the consideration of this kind of patterns association rules are constructed semantically involving a large amount of information among the implication of the rule.
Uso de blogs na promoção da argumentação no ensino médio de Química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-07)
Dias, Fabiane Elidia
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Queiroz, Salete Linhares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2694114368216564
In chemistry education, blogs have been used as a pedagogical strategy, enabling students to participate more actively in the teaching and learning process. This research aims to develop and stimulate argumentative practice in high school chemistry classes based on blogs and looking for answers to the following research question: to what extent did the strategy of using blogs help students develop arguments and what can be said about the structural quality of those arguments? In this perspective, four groups of students received instructions to create blogs on the socio-scientific topic of pesticide use. In all the blogs, arguments were verified that present data, justifications and conclusions, which are essential elements, according to the Toulmin Model. Furthermore, in all the analyzed arguments, there is more than one justification that, in most cases, is accompanied by a backing, indicating their good structural quality. Considering the nature of the arguments found in the blogs, the approach to questions about health, environment, economy and social aspects is highlighted. Therefore, setting up the blogs gave the students the opportunity to discuss socio-scientific issues, as well as argumentation based on posting comments.
Plataformas de TV online: um estudo de caso do Globoplay
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-07)
Albuquerque, Danilo Mecenas Silva
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Meleiro, Alessandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1295602368246392
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
In the era of streaming services, the television concept has been revisited with every new screen device that appears on the market, with an internet connection. Online TV promotes the advancement of television distribution services and differentiates itself from social platforms, like Google, Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn, and content platforms, as Netflix and Amazon Prime, among others, by the variety of services that are offered and its closed infrastructure for viewing the audiovisual content collection, selected by algorithms curation. We intend to analyze the notion of Online TV, as a structure that meets the demands of broadcast television, seeking to observe the lines of continuity and ruptures between the Globoplay catalog and the TV grid, seeking to identify the particularities of the services offered by the “native television” platform.
Abordagem investigativa como fator de motivação em três cursos da área de Química de uma instituição pública do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-07)
Teixeira, Francisco Márcio Barbosa
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Ferreira, Luiz Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4819009378941531
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2202709178357878
Laboratory classes have great potential to motivate students in science courses, whether to learn new knowledge or to demonstrate what they have already learnt. There are some ways of working in the laboratory and two draw attention: the traditional method where the student receives a script ready to develop the practice, and the inquiry approach where, among other characteristics, the student themselves develops their procedure, provided that they have the necessary prior knowledge. In this research, the inquiry approach was applied in three courses in the area of Chemistry at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo – Campus Capivari: two technical courses and a higher degree in Chemistry. Another important point in this research is motivation, which can be defined as what leads us to perform a certain action. We can be motivated to carry out the actions and the reasons can be internal or external; and if there is no motivation, we will not take the action or do it below our capabilities. That is why the study of motivation is so important in education. One of the theories that have motivation as an object of study is the self-determination theory (SDT), in which it is stated that there are basic psychological needs that are closely linked with intrinsic motivation. In this research we study the motivation of the participating students through the academic motivation scale, and mainly through a semi-structured interview, followed by a textual discourse analysis. The main conclusions were: (i) it was possible to perceive positive changes in meeting the basic psychological needs of students (autonomy, belonging, and competence); (ii) work as an inquiry approach represented a differentiating factor in relation to classes run by the traditional method (prior to the project), according to the students.
Processamento convencional e assistido por campo elétrico (Flash Sintering) de cerâmicas livres de chumbo baseadas em K0,5Na0,5NbO3: propriedades físicas finais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-07)
Zapata, Angélica Maria Mazuera
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M'Peko, Jean Claude
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8713770387750524
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Zambrano, Michel Venet
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4256279833398263
K0,5Na0,5NbO3 (KNN)-based ceramics are considered promising candidates to replace lead-based piezoelectric ceramics, such as Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3, which are widely used in electro electronic devices. However, obtaining KNN-based ceramics without secondary phases, abnormal grain growth, or problems with partial volatilization of alkali elements represents the main challenge. Therefore, in this work, a study was proposed to optimize the processing conditions of KNN-based ceramics with composition Li0,04(K0,5Na0,5)0,96Nb0,8Ta0,2O3 (LKNNT), both by the conventional sintering as well as by flash sintering method (AC and DC modes). Into synthesis of LKNNT was identified the K3Li2Nb5O15 composition (KLN) as a secondary phase, which causes porosity and low densification (90,8%). However, alternatives as to the addition of 2 wt% excess Li, increasing of the mixing and milling times (24 h), and the use of starting orthorhombic phase Nb2O5, allowed to obtain ceramics without secondary phase, and high densification (97,5%). The synchrotron light measurements in LNLS as a function of temperature showed a morphotropic phase boundary between the orthorhombic and tetragonal phases at room temperature, with a proportion of 19% and 81%, respectively. An anomaly observed at 450 °C in the dielectric permittivity measurements was related to the KNN core-shell microstructures, produced by partial volatilization processes of the alkali elements, compositional inhomogeneity, and the presence of secondary phases. On the other hand, the mechanical and dielectric measurements showed the orthorhombic to tetragonal (TO−T) and the tetragonal to cubic (TT −C) phase transition temperatures around 100 °C and 325 °C for LKNNT, respectively. Flash sintering experiments were performed with the pellet-shaped specimens at 250 - 512 V/cm of electric field and maximum current density of 3 - 20 mA/mm2. The flash event for both KNN and LKNNT was attained around 870 °C. The Partial volatilization processes of alkali elements were observed in the DC mode, followed by the formation of K6Nb10,88O30 and KLN secondary phases. The secondary phases were produced mainly during the sintering process by the reduction and volatilization of Na, causing low densification in the material. Hence, the use of a DC electric field facilitates the formation of the secondary phase in the positive electrode (anode), and a sodium electrochemical reduction in the negative electrode (cathode). However, the use of an AC electric field allowed to obtain KNN at 870 °C for 90 s, without the presence of any secondary phase and with high relative density (94,5%). In the case of LKNNT, a hard electrochemical reaction between the sample and the platinum electrodes led to the breaking of electrical conductivity and low densification. Therefore, were suggested electrochemical processes between the sample and the platinum electrodes during the sintering process to explain the growth of Na2Pt and Li2Pt layers at 900 °C. This reaction causes the formation of an isolated region into the sample-electrode interface, breaking of the electrical conductivity.