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Experiência de parto de mulheres com gestação de alto risco e em programa de visitação domiciliar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-25)
Sousa, Maria Aparecida Gracélia
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Bussadori, Jamile Claro de Castro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549657176930635
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2138047342369378
In the current obstetric context, much has been discussed about ways of being born, given how impactful and transforming this event is in the lives of women and their families, and in society. Despite many advances, perinatal care is still centered on the biomedical and technocratic model, characterized by the primacy of technology over human relations, with little interest and respect for the values of women and of the family. Such a reality gives women a subordinate role before the system, especially in situations of greater vulnerability, as in the case of gestating and giving birth in the condition of high gestational risk. The present study, qualitative, exploratory and descriptive, aimed to analyze the repercussion of a home visitation program, as a complementary action to high-risk prenatal care, on the positive childbirth experience of women. The World Health Organization's positive experience in childbirth was listed as a conceptual basis and Bardin's thematic analysis was the methodological reference. Data collection took place in a municipality in the interior of São Paulo, from January to September 2019, through home visits to high-risk pregnant women, followed by individual and open interviews. The study had seven participants. Two thematic categories were elaborated, namely: "The birth of childbirth", "The prenatal delivery and home visits". The results showed that receiving the visit was an effective complement in the prenatal period, which had an impact on the personal empowerment of women in order to cope with adverse pregnancy situations and facilitated their experience in childbirth in the face of a high-risk pregnancy.
Síntese de compostos C2+ a partir de CO2 e H2O aplicando materiais de Cu e Cu-Zn: estudos na catálise heterogênea em fase gasosa e eletrocatálise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-25)
Silva, Alisson Henrique Marques da
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Gomes, Janaina Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6718634914051168
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Assaf, José Mansur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563312407691130
Strategies aimed at recycling of CO2 in producing chemicals and fuels are needed to reduce the environmental impacts caused by this gas and attend the industrial interests. Among the all applied strategies, we highlight those that include gas-phase catalysis and electrocatalysis. Through catalysis and electrocatalysis it is possible to produce chemicals with high industrial applicability, such as liquid fuels and other molecules containing two or more carbons (C2+ compounds) from CO2. In the electrochemical system, the synthesis of C2+ compounds are extensively investigated by applying pure Cu and Cu-based electrodes (eg CuZn, CuAu and CuAg). In this system, applying an electric potential and providing up of an CO2-saturated aqueous solution (containing ion conductors - electrolyte), Cu-based electrode can be produced, among others, ethylene, ethanol, and propanol. On the other hand, in the gas phase catalytic system, applying temperature, pressure and Cu-based catalysts, the hydrogenation of CO2 with H2 results only in C1 compounds (methanol, CO, and CH4). Many questions arise about these differences, such as the why in the electrocatalytic system C2+ compounds can be formed while in the gas phase catalytic system these compounds are not identified. One of the differences between both systems is the use of water as a source of atomic H in the electrochemical system whereas H2 is used in the gaseous system. Since water can play an important role in the synthesis of C2+ compounds, this work aimed investigate the synthesis of C2+ compounds from CO2 with water by applying Cu and Cu-Zn based catalysts in the electrocatalytic and gas phase catalytic systems. Regarding the electrocatalytic results, it was possible to show that the distribution of C2+ products was influenced by the surface metallic area of the electrode, the composition of Cu-Zn and by the geometry of the particles exposed in the electrodes. However, although the increase in surface roughness and changes in chemical composition have led to a higher faradaic efficiency for C2+ compounds, the production of these molecules was more strongly influenced by the nanoparticle geometry exposed in the electrodes. In the gas-phase catalytic system, CO2 hydrogenation with water steam at atmospheric pressure over pure Cu resulted in the formation of ethanol (a result not observed when the CO2 hydrogenation with H2 was performed). For the first time, it is reported the possibility of synthesizing ethanol at atmospheric pressure in the CO2 hydrogenation in gas-phase using water as unique source of hydrogen. The ethanol productivity was investigated under different conditions and it was shown to be impacted by the reaction temperature, Cu surface area, particle geometry, stability, and catalyst composition. Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 and X-Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 (X = Li, Na, K or Cs) were also investigated in the CO2 hydrogenation with water steam and, by chemometric optimization, it was possible to show that the increase in size of the cation added to the catalyst is a more significant variable than the temperature in ethanol productivity. The role of water was evaluated by DRIFTS tests and it was possible to show that the wavenumbers referring to the adsorption of CO at Cu sites, pointed out as a key intermediary of the reaction, was lower in the presence of water than when in the presence of H2. This result suggest that the C-O bond of the adsorbate attached to the metal surface has been weakened in the presence of water while the carbon-metal bond has been strengthened. Therefore, these compounds are more likely to continue reacting rather than desorbing as reaction products. This result may explain why C2+ compounds are observed in the presence of water while only C1 compounds are identified in the presence of H2. Finally, it is believed that the results obtained in this work have an impact not only on studies at a fundamental level with regard to the hydrogenation of CO2 in gas-phase, but also have the potential for direct applications in industry.
A desistência da carreira docente na rede Estadual Paulista: precarização, precariedade e frustração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-25)
Moreira, Gláucia Lucas Ramiros
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Silva, Eduardo Pinto e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9750472863840276
The goal of this research is to identify the reasons which lead public teachers from the 2010 and 2013 tenures of the State of São Paulo to resign from their positions and give up their teaching career altogether. Based on previous research and preliminary and sequential inquiries on the subject, this work’s hypothesis is that teachers were released from their positions due to various elements related to: precarious infrastructure and work conditions; the predominance of a productivist perspective; and to the pervasive managerial logic in the school context. According to the assumptions and procedures of qualitative research, documentary data were collected and eight individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers who were exonerated from their positions in the São Paulo state network. The data obtained in the interviews, along with documentary data, were systematized, categorized and interpreted with the use of “content analysis” by Bardin (1979), which provided a joint and contextualized analysis. As a result, the main factors influencing the dismissal at the request of teachers were identified, namely: the education system, the school (dis)organization and the daily work environment, permeated by tensions, conflicts, violence and indiscipline situations, as well as by, often averse, managerial practices to teaching identity and pedagogical expectations; the process of precarious work and the situation of objective precariousness; the subjective precariousness and the feelings derived from it; and the fact that teachers felt ill because of their work. Considering the content of the interviews, it was found that, despite remuneration being an important factor, the frustration and negative feelings resulting from the lack of recognition and strangeness towards work, as well as the lack of prestige and the “precariation-precariousness” duo, had a strong influence on teacher’s decision to resign.
A gramática das construções mêmicas de Internet no português do Brasil: uma interface da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional e da Gramática do Design Visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-25)
Santos, Wilquer Quadros dos
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Hirata-Vale, Flávia Bezerra de Menezes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797556968074056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0966187215435807
This work aims to investigate, analyze, map and systematize the linguistic and visual characteristics of Memes: a schematic structure of the digital genre known as Meme, particularly taken from the Internet in Brazilian Portuguese, in the interface of the Systemic-Functional Grammar and the Grammar of Visual Design. Since the advent of the Internet and especially of social sharing networks, Meme emerges as a multi-semiotic combination, a multimodal digital expression with a humorous and critical bias. Originally, the zoologist Richard Dawkins created the term meme in 1976 in the book The Selfish Gene. However, the meaning attributed to it on the Internet has distanced itself from the original meaning. This neologism (meme) was created from the root of the Greek word Mimema (imitation) and transposed to the sonority similar to the term gene, taking into consideration the fact that, for Dawkins, the meme is the gene of the culture. Dawkins conceives memes as behavioral replicators, transmission units and cultural imitation. For the author, memes are responsible for the propagation of facts, reproduction of thought and behavior (DAWKINS, 2017). Methodologically, this research focuses on the analysis and on the description of the verb-visual syntactic configuration of Internet Memes. Taking into consideration the survey of the memic occurrences between the years of 2014 and 2018 in social networks, sites, online repositories and classic models of this digital genre in the Brazilian Portuguese, a mapping of the lexical-grammatical and visual functions that can be typifiers of the genre under analysis is done, as well as the systematizing of the schematic structure of the genre from its linguistic and visual aspects, that is, from the textual completeness. In this paper, we analyze the multisemiotic aspect of the Meme from the internet, which has as its main theoretical contribution the authors Blackmore (1999, 2000), Cabral and Fuzer (2014), Dawkins (2017), Gouveia (2009), Halliday (1994, 2001, 2009), Kress and van Leeuwen (1996, 2006), Lima-Lopes (2012), Marcuschi (2001, 2009), Neves (1994, 2001, 2012), Recuero (2007). Finally, it is understood that Memes can typically be verbally composed of material processes, declarative sentences and topical themes. In the visual sphere, verbal narrative and symbolic conceptual processes increase, as well as a Demand type grammar, in the middle plane and from a frontal point of view. Although in a less regular way, the visual syntax is segmented, dividing the given and new information, predominating the color, font and collage as factors of salience. In addition, they can be composed of nominal groups, simple sentences or complex sentences, experiencing suppression and constructional changes. These gaps and variations are recoverable in the context of the situation and in the interface with the visual element.
Competências da liderança no lean manufacturing e na indústria 4.0: identificação e relacionamentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-25)
Bianco, Débora
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Godinho Filho, Moacir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1545264333342656
Leadership has been evolved according to the historical moment and advances in production processes. The mentality of leaders who worked in mass production at Ford plants is different from those who worked in the development of Lean Manufacturing. The spread of Lean philosophy has led leaders to act as teachers in organizations, coaching and teaching Lean principles. The rise of technology and the evolution of production processes indicate that leadership must undergo new transformations to direct the organization towards the fourth industrial revolution. In this context, there was a need for research that addresses the integration of Industry 4.0 with other management approaches such as Lean. In order to contribute to this field of research, this study establishes the relationship between the skills of Lean leaders and the skills of leaders in Industry 4.0. In order to achieve this objective, a systematic bibliographic review was elaborated that raised the main competences to be developed by Lean leaders and by leaders working in highly technological environments. Finally, an empirical research based on the opinion of experts was carried out using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach. This approach enabled the Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) analysis. With the MICMAC analysis it was possible to identify the competences that have high driving power and those that are dependent. This study presents evidence that the skills of the Lean leader will support those that must be developed by leaders active in Industry 4.0. In addition, a structural model was elaborated that shows the hierarchy between the leadership competencies, indicating those that should be developed with priority. Such results make possible the advance in the state of the art, enriching the literature on the integration of Industry 4.0 with other management approaches. In relation to practice, the results obtained in this work may guide the training of leaders who intend to work in environments that integrate Industry 4.0 with Lean.
A influência do Instagram na escolha de um destino turístico : Ilha das Couves em Ubatuba – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-25)
Lopes, Larissa
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Turner, Sofia
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Gabrielli, Cassiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2774926242303827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3665781863860797
This research aims to identify the extent to wich the Instagram social network exerts influence over the tourist’s decision to choose a destination, based on the attractive Ilha das Couves located in Ubatuba, on the northern coast of São Paulo. Among the mentioned concepts, Viral or Spontaneous Marketing made on social media stands out, since the internet is increasingly present in the daily lives of the population and can induce the users choices, having an important role in the touristic activity. The research was exploratory and quanti-qualitative with the application of an online form created with Google Forms, for people who visited and posted photos with Ilha das Couves location tagged on Instagram, totalizing 66 answered surveys. The Survey was divided to understand: the visitors profile, the overview of the trip, the influency of Instagram, and the respondents' expectations regarding travel. In addition to that,an analysis of photos from the perspective of semiotics was made, applied for people who visited and posted photos with the Ilha das Couves location tagged on Instagram. The results showed that the vast majority of respondents have used Instagram as a tool to look at pictures of the island, which influenced their choice to visit it, and ended up creating expectations that were mostly met. As final considerations, it was realized that Instagram can act as an influencer for a trip's fulfillment. Apart from that, the image that is created by viewing photos on social media can contribute to the visitor's experience, besides helping the marketing planning of a tourist destination.
O algoritmo computacional como objeto sociotécnico: encontros da complexidade algorítmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-26)
Aquino, Ellen Larissa de Carvalho
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Sousa, Cidoval Morais de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573233540937425
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967516242478326
The algorithm is an object that passes through a timeline and precedes the formation of symbolic movements that dispute not only its practical applications, but also its interpretations. Thus, its nature has been formed by technical materialities and social dimensions, becoming a motor force that describes and transforms our present time. With a characteristic protagonism, not only because of the importance that the object has in our society, but also because of the unconscious way in which we interact daily with it, the algorithm becomes a reflection of a thought that models the construction of all socio-technical interactions. Thus, our goal is to understand the algorithm as a sociotechnical object and problematize this construction through the theoretical and practical intertwining that stem from the interactions brokered from the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS). For this to happen we propose a meeting marked by a dialogue, which gives way to the approximation of cts authors to contemporary authors who direct their studies to the artifact of the algorithm. In this sense, a dimensional and thematic approximation was proposed divided into: logic and control; automation, work and moral alienation; body, self and cyborgs; accumulation logic and economy; politics and biases; anthropology, culture and identity; rationality and intelligence.Throughout the research we adopted a triple view: The first approach describes the pseudoetimological contextualizations and the paths of dispute that pass through the history of the object. The second, approaches from hypotheses and deductions, the multidimensional construction of the object. And the third, builds a systemic modeling that approaches the existing questions in the object under the causalities of the hypotheses previously presented. Finally, we present a social imaginary, in order to resume the centrality of algorithmic discussions in view of the sociotechnical view of the object. So that we are able to constantly perform analyses on the relational complexities that describe it.
Probabilidade de sucesso de espécies florestais na semeadura direta em restauração ecológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-26)
Santos, Ivonir Piotrowski
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Silva, José Mauro Santana da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1206055452889306
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
Among the large-scale techniques, direct seeding is seen as a promising low-cost and efficient methodology, but it requires improvement and, mainly, a selection of species that can be used at the beginning of the restoration. Thus, our objectives were (a) to identify forest species with potential for direct seeding in seasonal forest areas, (b) to investigate the behavior and survival of species over the studied period and (c) to classify species based on their probability of success and potential for direct seeding. In an area of 1.92 ha, direct planting of 38 forest species was implemented, in a system of groups of three rows with a density of 250,000 seeds.ha-1. The emergency was monitored over 720 days at different intervals and all individuals were identified and tagged in 160 plots of 3 x 1m. We count and measure the height (H) and the diameter at the height of the ground (DHS) for all seedlings. We classify species into classes of potentials based on their growth (H, DHS), germinability, emergency, and probability of success. Only 23 species emerged with a range of 3 to 241 individuals, with a total of 1520 plants and 1317 survivors after 720 days (13,718 individuals.ha-1). The emergence of Fabaceae family presented the highest richness (12 species) followed by Bignoniaceae (3 species). The highest heights were observed for the pioneer Mimosa bimucronata and the non-pioneer Astronium urundeuva. The selection of species promoted higher richness, diversity and density than traditional methodologies of direct seeding and the classification by potential allowed to determine the number of species established in the plantations and the number of seeds to be used by the restorer providing structure and coverage in the beginning of planting.
Efeito da concentração de Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli na termoterapia e no peso de colmos em três variedades de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-26)
Andreato, Caroline
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Gazaffi, Rodrigo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506894662453338
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Urashima, Alfredo Seiiti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1289170266294665
Ratoon stunt disease (Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli), is currently considered the main disease of sugarcane in all major producing countries. Because propagating materials is the sole source of primary inoculum, the use of clean seedcanes is paramount for the success of disease control, making laboratory diagnosis mandatory to verify the phytosanitary conditions of the propagating materials. The sorological diagnostic technique is employed all over the world for the routine test by almost all sugarcane producing countries. Other recommendation to RSD control includes heat-treatment of seedpieces. In Brazil, the thermotherapys adopted are 52°C/30min and 50°C/2h, whereas only the second one is employed in other countries. Each combination has different characteristics, 52°C/30min showed no deleterious effect on budding but less elimination of Lxx, while the opposite happened in 50°C/2h. However, the consequences of this failure on sugarcane production is unknown. Thus the objective of this work was to understand the effect of variety on the result of thermotherapy and to compare the Dot Blot and PCR methods for detection and control of the RSD. To that, 400 plants of each of the varieties RB867515, RB92579 and RB966928 were used, cultivated according to a randomized block design with five replications and four treatment conditions (two thermotherapy conditions, infected control and uninfected control). The harvesting was done at nine monhs of age in the field and the plants were evaluated by Dot Blot and PCR methods for the detection of Lxx. Data of this investigation showed: a) the varieties respond differently to the thermotherapy conditions; b) the initial concentration of Lxx is of paramount importance for efficient thermal control; c) the short heat treatment was efficient when the Lxx concentration was low in the varieties RB92579 and RB867515; d) the Dot Blot and PCR techniques showed 99% correspondence, despite the greater detection efficiency of the PCR and e) RSD did not influence the weight of plant cane of varieties RB966928, RB867515 and RB92579, in cane plant of 9 months in the field.
Conhecimento popular botânico: uma abordagem etnobotânica para o ensino de ciências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-26)
Branco, Denilson Rodrigo Vieira
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Carnio, Michel Pisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0198207700485715
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0893011539944569
Ethnobotany understood as a field of science that seeks to understand the relationship between man and plants has grown considerably in recent years, mainly, focusing on interconnection as a school environment. The progress of Science has allowed the discovery and advancement of scientific knowledge for different sectors of society. However, it is observed that the hegemonization of scientific knowledge resulted in the devaluation of popular knowledge, especially those related to the field of botany, causing the biological and cultural impoverishment of traditional knowledge. In this sense, in the school environment there was a gap between popular knowledge and scientific knowledge, generating a conflict with students, making this connection in the teaching-learning process impossible with what is learned in the classroom and what is experienced in their daily lives. With this, the present study aimed to evaluate the contributions of popular botanical knowledge in understanding the contents of botany present in Science Teaching. The study was carried out in a public full-time school in the city of São Carlos - SP. It is an intervention, carried out through a regency on botany, in which a semi-structured questionnaire was subsequently applied, addressing popular knowledge about the plants of the student and his family. It was found that the plants are inserted in the daily lives of most families, and can be found in the students' food, in medicinal and ornamental use. However, botanical blindness makes it impossible to recognize the relevance of plants, therefore, seeing them as absolutely necessary for our survival is a daily exercise.
Estudos cromossômicos clássicos e moleculares no complexo de espécies Astyanax scabripinnis (Characiformes, Characidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-26)
Martinez, Juliana de Fatima
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Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8875928930712027
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Moreira Filho, Orlando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
Astyanax is a fish genus of Characiformes and currently is classified as incertae sedis. Astyanax scabripinnis, one of these species, is recognized as a species complex, which is composed of 33 species. This study propose to investigate karyotypic constitution of species of this complex, throughout classical and molecular analyzes: conventional Giemsa staining, C-banding, impregnation with silver nitrate and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with different repetitive DNA probes (rDNA 5S, rDNA 18S, As51, snRNA U2, H3, H4, Rex1, Rex3, telomeric sequence and microsatellites in three species from different rivers basins: 1) Astyanax aff. scabripinnis (Alto rio Paraná); 2) Astyanax cf. intermedius (Paraíba do Sul); 3) Astyanax cf. goyanensis (Tocantins). For the latter, two units were observed occurring in sympatry, and then the presence of two karyomorphs (A and B) was considered. The analyzes showed that the species have some conserved chromosomal characteristics, such as 2n=50 chromosomes, telomeric sites and chromosomal distribution pattern of repetitive elements Rex1 and Rex3. However, the presence of variable chromosomal characters stands out among the species, showing diversity regarding chromosomal morphology, C-banding pattern, number of sites and location of AgNORs, chromosomal distribution of repetitive DNAs (rDNA 18S and 5S, As51, snRNA U2, H3, H4 and microsatellites). These results demonstrate great diversification of the karyotypic microstructure of species of Astyanax scabripinnis complex and reinforce the biodiversity of the group. In addition, the data obtained has an important role in assisting the taxonomy and evolutionary biology of the group, since they reveal the presence of different units within the complex, which can be delimited with cytogenetic assistance, showing the occurrence of exclusive chromosomal characteristics of each species
Brincar de colorir e desenhar: procedimento de ensino para criança com TEA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-26)
Albuquerque, Isis de
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5583731011570024
Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may present difficulties in playing behavior, requiring intervention and teaching procedures aimed at learning this behavior. Having regard to the importance of colouring and drawing for academic skills, this study has drawn up and implemented a teaching programme, which took into account the sensory and behavioural aspects necessary for teaching colouring and drawing, aiming to make the behavior of coloring and drawing naturally reinforcing for children with ASD. The study included three children diagnosed with ASD, two boys and a girl, who had an aversion to the use of graphic material. The results present the teaching programs developed by playing with coloring and drawing and indicate that the application of these programs favored the spontaneous choice of graphic material to color and draw in the three participants and increase the time of functional use of this material. It was also observed a reduction in fugue and avoidance behaviors in relation to graphic material and a reduction in the use of prompts during teaching sessions. The coloring and drawing became part of the repertoire of games of the participants, who spontaneously chose the graphic material for functional use, verbalizing phrases that indicated satisfaction with the play, expressing smiles and maintaining a relaxed posture while coloring and drawing
Validação da técnica de macacos planos na avaliação da resistência de alvenaria existente executada com blocos vazados de concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Ferreira Júnior, Jairo Borges
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5293755256405200
The flat jack method is used as non-destructive test, on site, on masonry structures to obtain more accurate data. This method is already standardized internationally by ASTM and RILEM, however, the studies, standards, and jacks available on the subject, refer to masonry with solid elements, such as bricks and stones. This work aims to validate and improve the technique of flat jacks in the evaluation of the compressive strength of modern existing masonry, being developed a new equipment in the literature, the first flat jack with double flaps for testing structural masonry with hollow concrete blocks. The new equipment and the test methodology were successfully developed, adapting the deformability test (double plane jack), carrying out the tests on a real structural masonry construction with hollow concrete blocks and validating this technique as non-destructive. It was demonstrated how to manufacture and calibrate the new jacks, and how to perform and analyze the tests, comparing the results found in laboratory tests, made available by the company responsible for the construction. The research is motivated by the standardization of tests with the use of flat jacks in structures with hollow blocks masonry, facilitating the execution, cost reduction and the time spent with tests to determine the characteristics of the hollow concrete blocks, mainly, without needing to break the masonry wall.
Combinação de óxidos mistos aplicados como catalisadores na reação de reforma seca do metano para produção de gás de síntese
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Ramon, Adriana Paula
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Assaf, José Mansur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563312407691130
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6638732964385112
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is a promising process in synthetic gas generation with a low H2/CO ratio. The generation of syngas is of great industrial interest in a number of processes, in particular in the production of liquid fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The main problems in DRM are the large formation of carbon deposition over the catalyst. In an attempt to overcome this problem, different supports consisting of mixed oxides with stable structure such as pyrochlore and perovskite types have been developed. In this work we studied the effect of several parameters in the proposed syntheses, as well as the comparison between the modified Pechini, sol-gel, coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods. Besides that, we studied the effect of metal loading on activity in the DRM over the catalysts synthesized by sol-gel method. These catalysts were characterized by several techniques and some were tested at the DRM at temperatures between 600 to 900 °C, in addition they were tested at short-term stability at 600 and/or 850 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of pyrochlore La2Ce2O7-δ and perovskite LaNiO3 phases in all four synthesis methods, moreover, in the samples synthesized by coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods NiO was also present. In addition to these phases, the principal component analysis applied to the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) during temperature programmed reduction data showed the presence of defect perovskite La2Ni2O5. The catalytic tests showed that regardless of the synthesis method and nickel loading, all catalysts were stable during the short-term stability test at 600 and/or 850 °C. The material synthesized by hydrothermal method showed the highest conversions and yields at temperatures from 600 to 900 °C. In addition, at 850°C the conversion was ~90% and lead to a preferential stoichiometric reaction pathway, which is ideal for the DRM reaction. The better performance in this material was related to the greater interaction between nickel and cerium. Further, the H2/CO ratio varied from 0,5 to 0,9, depending on the material and the reaction conditions. Moreover, the reaction mechanism proposed in these materials at 600 °C takes into account the intermediates CHx and OH, which were observed in APXPS analysis. Through the APXPS and thermogravimetric analyzes after stability test, it was revealed no significant carbon deposition in the samples (<2% wt).
O Movimento da Política de Formação Continuada “PNAIC”: do documento oficial aos professores alfabetizadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Felix, Carla Fernanda Figueiredo
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Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3202939618500381
Teacher’s continuing formation is one of the focus of educational policies. It has an assumption of improving the teaching quality, the teaching practice, and its professionalization. One specific program is evidenced in this research, the “Pacto Nacional de Alfabetização na Idade Certa” – PNAIC. To understand and problematize how this proposal, elaborated by the federal government, was structured, was implemented and developed, thinking about the recontextualization movement that goes from the official document to the study advisors and from these to the literacy teachers in Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, is the objective of this study. In this perspective, the guiding question was: how were the orientations about continuing formation from PNAIC recontextualized by the study advisors and literacy teachers? To accomplish that some strategies were used when collecting the data, in a qualitative approach, such as the gathering of the base documents of the proposal, making questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with teachers and study advisors. To process the material, an analytical model based on Basil Bernstein’s theory (1996) about the recontextualization of the pedagogic speech, listing four fronts: the formation dynamics; the aspects that had the biggest impact on teachers and study advisors from the formative point of view.; the base material for PNAIC, highlighting the perception both groups had about them; and the continuing formation conception built after the formation ended. Divided in four sections, this text presents on the first the methodological paths assumed in the research, anchored on the studies of Bogdan and Biklen (2013), Lüdke and André (2014) and Martins (2010). The educational policies and the continuing formation of teachers are topics described in the second section, using as basis the studies of Gatti (2008;2010), Gatti and Barreto (2009), Dourado (2007;2015;2016), Freitas (1992;2011;2014), Imbernón (2009;2010;2011) and Saviani (2008a; 2008b). The third section presents and analyzes the structure and reference books of PNAIC from Bernstein’s (1996) theoretical perspective about code, pedagogic recontextualization, framing and classification. Finally, the last section presents data from the questionnaire and semi-structured interview using Bernstein’s (1996) analytical model, adding to the discussion thoughts on teacher knowledges, assuming as reference Tardif’s (2010) and Tardif and Lessard’s (2014a; 2014b) studies. In that way, this research puts that, by means of the pedagogic recontextualization of the instructions provided by the continuing formation proposal from PNAIC, the subjects assume resistance postures when facing the official discourse, acting also as producers and not only reproducers of specific knowledges pertaining the complexity that involves the teaching practice.
Consequências da exposição intrauterina ao Diazepam: impacto sobre os sistemas ventilatório e monoaminérgico de ratos neonatos durante o desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Silva Junior, Carlos Aparecido da
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Biancardi, Vivian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3835317718066631
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
Anxiety is a problem that affects the general population, and women are twice as likely to develop such disorders, especially at reproductive age. Diazepam (DZP) is one of the drugs used to treat these disorders, but its use during pregnancy has been associated with problems for the fetus. This medication interacts with the GABAergic system, which participates in the respiratory control of mammals, as well as in the ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia, acting in chemosensitive regions. Thus, we sought to evaluate the effects of intrauterine exposure to DZP (1 mg/Kg/day) on ventilation and metabolism, chewing and righting reflexes on the number of neurons in the catecholaminergic and serotonergic system of rats in different ages in the development (P0-1, P12-13, P21-22). Pressure and whole-body plethysmography and indirect calorimetry were used to assess ventilation and metabolism at P0-1, P12-13, P21-22. Free-floating immunofluorescence was used for the analysis of catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurons in P12-13. Chewing and righting reflexes were used to assess the behavior at P0-1. We observed that DZP-treated females showed increased respiratory frequency and metabolism in normoxia/normocapnia (P0-1), as well as decreased ventilation in hypercapnia (P0-1 and P12-13). Males treated with DZP showed a decrease in ventilation in normoxia/normocapnia (P12-13 and P21-22), a decrease in respiratory frequency in hypercapnia and a decrease in ventilation in hypoxia (P12-13). In P21-22, both males and females of DZP group showed body mass gain. Females and males treated with DZP in P12-13 have a lower number of catecholaminergic neurons, as well as males at this age have a reduction in the number of serotonergic neurons. These results show that DZP exposure during pregnancy promotes sex-specific long-lasting effects on ventilatory control and Central Nervous System and contributes to the understanding of drug interventions during the gestational period and the occurrence of adverse events for the newborn
Complexidade linguística: um panorama e um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Leal, Ednei de Souza
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Basso, Renato Miguel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6984826176670527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2105113450986881
Language complexity is once again the object of study in Linguistics after being largely assumed as a resolved or uninteresting issue. Differently, however, from the 19th century perspective, during which linguistic complexity had already been the object of study, now its investigation is free from the prejudices that associated languages to the mental capacity of their speakers, and linguistic complexity is no longer seen today as a truism, as it transpired in the Sructuralist view until the middle of the 20th century. In the 21st century, new understandings about the language, brought by increasingly sophisticated analytic tools and by increasingly clear ideas about the typology of languages, it is finally possible to fully study language complexity, a characteristic inherent to every natural language, but that differs in its nuances and details, and is today measured by linguists who propose metrics for practically all levels traditionally investigated by Linguistic Studies, like Dahl (2004), McWhorter (2001), Culicover (2012), Kusters (2003). In this sense, this thesis proposes a panoramic look at studies on linguistic complexity from the last decade of the twentieth century to today. We propose, firstly, a non-exhaustive historiographic overview of the term “linguistic complexity” throughout the history of linguistics or studies that were inclined to deal with language. After the historical overview, we seek to show how linguistic complexity is seen today as a genuine object of linguistic studies. It is also important to mention the different techniques for measuring linguistic complexity, at the most varied levels of languages studied. Finally, we propose a brief exercise analyzing a phenomenon characteristic of Brazilian Portuguese (BP), topic constructions, with the purpose of investigating whether this phenomenon makes the language more or less complex in relation to its European variety, which seems to present the phenomenon not as often or in the same way as BP. This thesis takes as a theoretical-methodological parameter the proposals of Philosophy of Linguistics and Historiography of Linguistics, as well as the proposals already in vogue of several linguists who propose to study linguistic complexity in its most varied forms.
Menstrualotopias: poéticas desde as margens e os devires da subjetividade na literatura de Naty Menstrual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Utrero Zicato, María Florencia
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Leite Júnior, Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0766903725494071
This study pretends to go through the particular Naty Menstrual’s universe, the first female author self-defined transvestite to publish in Argentina, in the attempt to describe and analyze some of the representations related to the ways transvestite subjectivities as a process become, the ways of “building up” a body, the desire, sexuality, marginality, the violence, the family, the vision upon society and the city, which are present throughout her books Continuadísimo (2008), Batido de Trolo (2012) and Poesía Recuperada (2016). From poststructuralism studies and specially queer studies, I’ll analyze the author’s narrative, as a place that can help us to think, on the one hand, social relationships structured by heterocisnormativity regimes of sex, gender and desire, revealing their violences and exclusions, and on the other hand, the proliferation of narratives and characters from the margins of those discourses, tensing and battling the representations and social imaginaries over the bodies, the flesh, the desires, the pleasures and the city, and the idea of them as places of resistance.
Síntese, caracterização e avaliação da atividade fotoeletrocatalítica de filmes finos de Sb2S3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Araújo, Moisés Albuquerque de
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1921841936471127
Photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) have been shown to be a promising system for H2 generation from photoelectrolysis of water. Among the semiconductors materials that have been studied for PECs, Sb2S3 stands out due to its superlative photoelectrocatalytic properties, and for having abundant and low toxicity elements. In the light of this, herein we proposed the synthesis and characterisation of the bare and modified Sb2S3 thin films for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) via photoelectrolysis of water. The modifications of this material consisted of obtaining the SnS/Sb2S3 heterostructure, treating the Sb2S3 films under nitrogen plasma, and depositing molybdenum sulphide (MoSx) upon the Sb2S3 films. Initially we studied the SnS/Sb2S3, the synthesis of this system involved obtaining the SbSn films by electrodeposition at different potentials on glass-coated FTO substrate. Subsequently, the films were sulphurised under sublimated sulphur atmosphere and characterised in terms of their physical, chemical, and optical properties. Regarding the photoelectrochemical assessment, we achieved a photocurrent density (jphoto) of −0.12 ± 0.01 mA cm−2 at −0.32 V for the sulphurised SnS/Sb2S3 films which were obtained at −1.14 V. This jphoto value was 40 and 12 times higher than the pure SnS and Sb2S3 films, respectively. Additional studies based on band diagrams of the SnS and Sb2S3 films indicated the formation of the type II heterostructure, which favoured transportation of the photogenerated electron and holes. Aiming to obtain higher values of jphoto, we evaluated the effect of treating the Sb2S3 films under nitrogen plasma at different span times. The Sb2S3 films treated under nitrogen plasma for only 10 s had a jphoto of −0.48 ± 0.04 mA cm−2 at −0.32 V; this corresponded to a 24-fold increase compared to the untreated film. This photoresponse enhancement may be linked to the increased degree of wettability as the contact angle measurements indicated a superhydrophobic behaviour for the untreated film and hydrophilic once treated. Based on the XPS analysis, we also found that the hydrophilicity behaviour is probably due to the formation of the S-N polar group on the surface of the Sb2S3 films. Intending to further improve the photoelectroactivity of the Sb2S3 films, we studied the effect of the presence of MoSx on the plasma-treated Sb2S3 films. The jphoto for the Sb2S3/MoSx film was −0.89 ± 0.16 mA cm−2 at −0.20 V and that corresponded to a 2.2-fold increase. The jphoto gain is due to the reduction of the Rct as observed from the impedance experiments. The presence of the MoSx also resulted in a shift of ca. 100 and 280 mV towards less negative values of the Eonset and the Efb, respectively. This suggested that the MoSx behaved as a cocatalyst for the HER. At last, we achieved an even more substantial jphoto of −2.15 mA cm−2 at −0.20 V for the Sb2S3/MoSx film having a delimited geometrical area by placing a teflon mask.
Uma fábrica-cidade: percepções de duas gerações de trabalhadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-08-27)
Pires, Andréia Juliana
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Corrochano, Maria Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/771435397558525
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6091681058269058
This dissertation aims to get to know the perceptions of young and adult workers of Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio about the company they work for. CBA developed peculiar relations with its workers and with the municipality of Alumínio in general, relations common to a specific type of factory: the city-factories. The concept of generation was central to this study. From Karl Mannheim's sociological approach, we sought to understand whether the perceptions that workers presented about the factory were impacted by the dimensions that characterize generational groups. For this, an exploratory and qualitative research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with six employees (five men and one woman), of different ages, aiming to understand similarities and differences between young and adult workers on the image formed by company, forms of entry, working conditions, career and the relationship between young people and adults, in addition to looking at their projects for a recent future amid profound changes in the world of work. The analysis of the interviews showed that the adults showed a stronger bond with the company, including an affective one, strongly influenced by the family context. Young people were more reticent in relation to the experience in the company, with more critical and problematic statements, revealing differences in perceptions in relation to adults. At the same time, it is also possible to conclude that the boundaries that delimit the perceptions of young people and adults have not always been shown to be rigid, being that sometimes they are attenuated and made more flexible, showing the complexity of the contradictions, recurrences and ambiguities that emerge in the workers' statements.