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Estudos sobre divulgação científica e redes sociais virtuais: o caso do Boletim Behaviorista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11) Girotti, Vivian Bonani de Souza; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3624061181662949
The investigation of the use of virtual social networks by institutions, groups and individuals, for the dissemination of information, is important since a large part of the population uses the Internet as the main source of information, and this, in turn, can have impacts on how people interact with each other. Faced with the need to understand this practice, were conducted to identify three studies, characterized as quasi-experiments to identify and analyze one of the practice publishing reviews on the Behaviorist Bulletin blog by the Culture, Language and Symbolic Behavior (CLICS), based on the concept of control agencies and evaluation of the effects of the dissemination of reviews via the CLICS Facebook page, on access to reviews. The number of accesses to the reviews posted on the blog were collected in two moments, before and after the publication of the review via Facebook, in addition to the data from the Facebook post being collected. The results indicated that there was an increase in the number of hits as reviews after being posted on the Facebook page. With this, both the blog and the CLICS Facebook page can be analizyzed as control agencies, since, because they are the information holders, they may be able to influence the behavior of others, when producing and disseminating information. Finally, it is considered that the data found in the studies were important to meet the proposed objectives and to confirm the hypothesis raised that there were effects on the data of views on the blog, after the manipulations made on Facebook. In addition, it is also considered that the concept of metacontingencies can help to understand the information dissemination practice analyzed here.
Efeito da exposição aguda do inseticida Fipronil e do herbicida 2,4-D e mistura de ambos em curimbatá, Prochilodus lineatus (Teleósteo, Prochilodontidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11) Portruneli, Natália; Souza, Iara da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391583114634391; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280141127344807
The herbicide 2,4-D and the insecticide fipronil are pesticides frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems, thus threatening wildlife and health security. The aim of the present study was to investigate the toxicity of 2,4-D (447 µg ia L-1 ) and fipronil (63.49 µg ia L-1 ), isolated and mixed in the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus in a time of 96 h exposure under laboratory conditions. After exposure, bioconcentration in the organism, the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione stransferase (GST) and the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and changes in the surface of the branchial epithelium were determined. The bioconcentration factor was calculated at 0.17 kg-1 L for 2.4 D isolated and 12.4 kg-1 L for fipronil alone. In animals exposed to the mixture of pesticides, only fipronil bioconcentrated and the bioconcentration factor was 10.8 kg-1L. In fish exposed to 2,4-D alone, there was an increase in the enzymatic activities of CAT and GST and LPO indicating oxidative stress. In fish exposed to fipronil alone, only the GST activity increased. No change occurred in the activity of CAT and GST in animals exposed to the mixture of pesticides. In the gills, the histopathological changes occurred more intensity in fish exposed to fipronil and the mixture of pesticides. The most frequent being hypertrophy, hyperplasia, epithelial detachment, and vascular congestion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzes showed an increase in the density of cellschloride (CC) and in the morphology of the pavement cells and CCs in fish in the group exposed to fipronil. The results showed that acute exposure to 2,4-D and fipronil induce biochemical changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes as well as in the HAI. The exposure to fipronil increased CC density and the morphology of CC and pavement cells in the gills. The mixture of the two pesticides had antagonistic effects.
Crescimento e respostas fisiológicas de Ricciocarpus natans expostas ao cádmio, cobre e níquel em duas temperaturas (25 e 27 ºC)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11) Cabral, Andresa Lana Thomé Bizzo; Bianchini Júnior, Irineu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6087645455438773
Industrial activities, such as the production of sugar and alcohol by plants, have generated by-products that have high concentrations of metals in their composition, for example, vinasse. Thus, the integrity of ecosystem processes becomes threatened, as they are the main recipients of pollutants / contaminants, with consequences for the associated biota. Metallic elements can be toxic in high concentrations, causing changes in photosynthetic activity and protein damage to plants. Another environmental condition that contributes to altering the integrity of the aquatic ecosystem is the increase in temperature due to global warming. Thus, investigations on growth and physiological responses of aquatic plants subjected to contamination by metals at different concentrations and temperatures are necessary to understand the ability of some species to tolerate varying concentrations of metals and temperature variation. This study evaluated growth and physiological responses of individuals of Ricciocarpus natans exposed to concentrations of Cd (0.001; 0.01 and 0.375 mg / L), Cu (0.002; 0.009 and 0.385 mg / L) and Ni (0.002; 0.025 and 0.221 mg / L) individually and in combinations, under two temperatures. In addition, growth, and physiological responses in R. natans exposed to dilutions of sugar cane vinasse (5%, 10% and 50%) were evaluated under two temperatures. Over 21 days (every seven days) the following parameters were evaluated: growth (biomass and size in width), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), non-enzymatic antioxidants (anthocyanins and flavonoids) enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and catalase), electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation (MDA). The growth coefficient and physiological responses of R. natans were affected by exposure to Cd, Cu and Ni, both at 25 ºC and 27 ºC. With only 7 days of exposure, the combinations of metals and dilution of vinasse negatively affected the growth kinetics of R. natans and the physiology, and the experiment was concluded. R. natans exposed to metals in the lowest concentrations (0.001; 0.01 mg / L Cd, 0.002; 0.009 mg / L Cu and 0.002; 0.025 mg / L Ni) showed a reduction in MDA followed by an increase in antioxidants, suggesting activation of the defense the stress to which the plant has been subjected. However, at 27ºC with exposure to metals, there was a greater content of electrolyte leakage in R. natans indicating alteration of the cell membrane. The reduction of photosynthetic pigments under high concentrations of metals (0.375 mg/L Cd, 0.385 mg/L Cu and 0.221 mg/L Ni), collaborates with the reduction of plant growth exposed to metals both individually and in combinations, representing a relationship between the damage caused by oxidative stress. In this study, Ricciocarpus natans showed a detoxification mechanism for Cd, Cu and Ni in low concentrations (0.001; 0.01 mg/L Cd), (0.002; 0.009 mg/L Cu) and (0.002; 0.025 mg/L Ni) through increased antioxidant production and tolerance to variation of 2ºC. Thus, the results of this study contribute to the understanding of the changes that metals, either individually or in combinations, and the increase in temperature, can induce in the growth and physiological parameters of aquatic macrophytes.
Os sentidos sociais da velhice e do envelhecimento nos programas de preparação para aposentadoria de grandes empresas brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11) Bernardinelli, Ingrid; Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4387243781289309
In recent years, the number of large companies that have implemented retirement preparation programs has increased, which stems from their perception of demographic changes and the need for intervention in their employees' retirement processes. The objective of the research is to analyze the social conceptions of old age and aging underlying the retirement preparation programs of Brazilian companies. To achieve the proposed objective, a qualitative research, focused on analyzing, investigating and incorporating the meanings and interpretations attributed to the programs and the individuals involved, was carried out. Using secondary data about management literature and reports published in the business media, and primary data, collected through semi-structured interviews with consultants that rely on these programs and Brazilian companies. These data were analyzed based on the technique of content analysis. The concept of old age underlying the programs has been shown to be positive, since it agrees with a more active retirement. This transformation is in line with analyzes that point to recent ideological transformations that value the idea of activity and the financialization process. Corporate retirement preparation programs encourage an investment culture, of which the topic of financial planning is highlighted. Such programs spread as an opportunity to engage in new activities after retirement, such as economic activities and entrepreneurial activities, and with that, builds new perspectives for retirement. The understanding of the meanings underlying these programs is relevant, since large companies and consultancies are influential actors in the construction of meanings about old age and aging, influencing the ways in which society in general understands the phenomenon and influencing the ways that many people plan for retirement, deconstructing old-fashioned views of old age and rebuilding it as a new, more active phase.