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O trágico como limiar do desencanto: o apocalipse em O livro dos homens sem luz, de João Tordo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17) Ruy, Igor Fernando; Valentim, Jorge Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427303771174064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6524414036072929
This essay presents the sensations of the end of the world in the novel O livro dos homens sem luz (2004), by the contemporary Portuguese writer João Tordo (1975-). At first, it approaches the Portuguese author in the opening, mentioning his strategy of literary insertion, through a universal thematic of disenchantment with the human condition, whose strategy of rereading of the past allows a different and less utopian look at the advances in contemporary times. This perception obviously passes through artistic production and, thus, realization in literature, through the exercise of verisimilitude with fiction, the utopian impact of a demand for a social transformation of well-being that has not been completely consolidated. As a result, this essay deals with the construction of this theme through the tragic as a conductive element of a dysphoric action in postmodernity. It discusses the configuration of the end of the world feelings based on losses that lead to the tragic action. João Tordo’s novel, therefore, leads to a reflection on the representation of space and time in the narrative and the conditioning forces in the elaboration of the end of the world, with triggering processes of the type of conduct in the presence of tragic action, in addition to the tendency to rupture with the social ordering processes, determined in the moral sphere, thus thematizing an anti-utopian discourse. Finally, the network of ambiences and catastrophic environments result in a critical look at social relations that, although configured in the fictional scope, reflects the disbelief in the resolution of the frustrations interposed in daily life, establishing melancholy as a connecting thread to the notion that we are near the end of the world.
O Centro Educacional São José Operário em São Luís do Maranhão (1988-2015): confessionalidade e laicidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17) Rodrigues, Maria José Lobato; Nunes, Iran de Maria Leitão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2313634756775278; Bittar, Marisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3059723520472948; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9759422318926766
This study analyzes the trajectory of Centro educacional São José operário (CESJO), founded by the Congregation Poor Servants of Divine Providence, in Maranhão capital, in 1988, to attend the sons of poor families from the periphery of São Luís. As a philanthropic confessional school, the CESJO express, by one side, elements that fundament the educative and caritive intentions of the catholic church, and, by other, when being financed with public resources, the secularity of the state. In this sense, the analysis is justified by permit comprehend the catholic interaction present in the school inside of the context of secularity of the state in the education. The study self insert in the field of history of education and, more specifically, in the line of the educational institutions where we search for theoretical. Methodolocally, we stablished as temporal mark the period of time between 1988 and 2015 (27 years) by the possibility to reconstruct the tragetory of the institution and the transformations in which it passes nowadays. The study self insert in the field of history of education and, more specifically, in the line of the educational institutions, Aiming documental intersection using different sources, among them, the writings, iconographicals and orals, being that the interviews were of absolute importance especially by the fact of many pratices and experiences lived by different individuals in the school being only registred in their memories.The Congregation when creating the school found in the sucularity of the State the guarantees to offer for the society assistencial support and confessional school education that stablished their bases in the work as educative principle. CESJO’s confessional identity was marked by a set of rites and practices (disciplining, prayer, religious teaching classes, sacred symbols, religious festivities, congregational charism, spiritual formation), which, in turn, built own school culture that influenced the identity and worldview of their subjects. CESJO over three decades has changed its relationship with the State: between 1988-2003 it was configured as a philanthropic confessional school that received public resources; in 2004 it was inserted in the public education network; in 2015 the school building was rented to SEDUC-MA. The relationship he established with the public authorities since 2004 and the socio-cultural influences interfered with his confessional character and christian identity, making him characterized as a public school with elements of catholic confessionality. CESJO’s trajectory shows that the State-religion relationship produced a secularity in education marked by the influence and manifestation of religious elements in public spaces, what sustain the validity of christian educaction inside the education system.
Eficácia da utilização da solução custodiol versus a solução celsior como métodos de preservação do enxerto no transplante cardíaco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17) Fernandes, Marcio Pimentel; Machado, Regimar Carla; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1310723429860987; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775278598894188
Heart transplantation may be the only treatment opportunity for those individuals with end-stage heart disease. Heart preservation is currently limited to 4 hours in cold ischemia storage using preservation solutions, and is an indispensable factor for graft function and survival in transplantation. The mortality rate is mainly related to graft failure in transplantation, so that techniques capable of improving graft function can directly influence the patient's survival. Objective: To analyze in the scientific literature the efficacy between custodyol versus celsior solution as the best method of graft preservation in heart transplantation. Method: This is an integrative review of the literature, directed according to the structure of PICOS, followed by research in the electronic databases: Pubmed, Virtual Health Library and Embase, to research the articles. As keywords we use heart transplantation and its synonyms, Celsior, and Cutodiol and its synonyms. Results: In all, 22 studies were analyzed, of which only 4 were included in the review, one clinical trial, one meta-analysis and two retrospective studies. Mortality and myocardial dysfunction after heart transplants were investigated. Conclusion: After the analysis of the articles under study, it was not possible to identify between the two solutions Celsior and Custdiol a superiority of one over the other in post-transplant mortality and graft dysfunction after transplantation.
Resistência ao escorregamento de revestimentos cerâmicos: avaliação por diferentes métodos, correlações com a topografia e o desgaste da superfície durante o uso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17) Lot, Ana Virgínia; Melchiades, Fábio Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4469106561041487; Boschi, Anselmo Ortega; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6858434120598252
The development of ceramic floors for safe use in environments associated with slip and fall accident risks, which are even higher in the presence of water and contaminants, deals with the following difficulties: 1) although some roughness increase may contribute to the slip resistance of the surfaces, on the other hand, this can make them more susceptible to grime and wear. 2) there is a wide variety of methods for evaluating and classifying tiles as recommended or not for use in slip-risk areas and results of different methods may disagree between them. 3) satisfactory slip performances of floors measured before installation may not be maintained during their use. In this sense, the objective of this work was to contribute to the development of safe and durable ceramic floors by identifying the characteristics of the surfaces related to their performance and investigating how they vary over time. Several types of commercial floors were characterized regarding their slip resistance - with the DS, BOT-3000 and Pendulum devices - and staining resistance. The results were correlated with roughness parameters obtained by profilometers for the identification of the surface’s characteristics relevant to their performance. The samples were subjected to heavy traffic, to accelerate their wear and grime, and re-evaluated. Surface changes were observed, such as reductions in average roughness and profile amplitude and inclination, as well as the increase in the spacing between irregularities and rounding of their shapes. Consequently, all the high initial slip resistance surfaces presented a deterioration of this property in the three methods of evaluation. Surface aspects were also associated with tendency to grime and a new complementary analysis to the usual laboratorial method for predicting ceramic floors cleanability was proposed.
Influência do uso e cobertura do solo sobre a ictiofauna de riachos das cabeceiras do Alto Rio Paranapanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17) Almeida, Rodrigo da Silva; Cetra, Maurício; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4423449163037358
Human activities have generated unprecedented impacts on aquatic biodiversity. Thus, knowing the impacts generated by these activities is extremely important, as fish from the Neotropical regions represents approximately 1\5 of the world's fish species, or perhaps 10% of all vertebrate species on the planet. Agricultural activities cause changes in the landscape and, depending on land use, they can reduce permeabilization and percolation, increase runoff, increase in sedimentation, fragmentation of forests, and the entry of pollutants into the watercourse. These effects cause changes in the stream structure and, consequently, affect the fish communities. However, different types of land use do not promote identical changes in aquatic systems, so the effects on fish communities will be differentiated. Understanding the direct and indirect effects that affect the structure of fish assemblages is of great relevance, moreover, in studies that include several factors: land-use and land-cover (LULC), stream structure, geographic and spatial (watercourse distance). These types of studies promote the expansion of knowledge to support conservation measures. The present study aims to answer whether there is a relationship between land use for agricultural activities and fish assemblages and to test whether these relationships are dependent on the spatial scale. The study was conducted in the southeastern of the Rain Forest in an extension of approximately 240 km from the Upper Rio Paranapanema Basin. Sampling was carried out in 30 streams of headwaters that include stretches of 2nd to 5th order. Satellite images were acquired to carry out the classification of land-use and land-cover. Redundancy analyzes (RDA) were applied to test the relationship between land use and composition and paths analyses to test direct and indirect relationships between land use and the richness of stream fish species. The results showed that there is a relationship between land use and the composition and richness of fish species, but it is dependent on the spatial scale adopted. The analysis of partition of variance and redundancy showed that in the catchment scale most of the variation in LULC was explained together with by geographic and spatial factors indicating intercorrelation between these two sets of variables. There was a relationship between local environmental variables and LULC on the catchment scale. The RDA test showed that there is a relationship between composition and local environmental variables and spatial factors. There is an indirect relationship between the richness of fish species and land use, but it depends on the type of use practiced. The species were associated with the type of land use. Generalist species are more common in streams whose catchment has higher anthropic pressure. Our work indicates that the hierarchical concept is valid to identify the environmental factors that affect the composition of the fish assemblages. This study highlights the importance of catchment management in the preservation of stream fish. The work also indicates that agriculture has a greater indirect (negative) effect on the fish richness and that different types of land use indirectly affect the fish richness of streams, as the land use on the watershed scale contributes to the alteration of the stream structure, which consequently affects the assembly of stream fish.