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Design participativo para o envelhecimento saudável: engajar usuários mais velhos a uma vida urbana ativa impulsionada por jogos digitais lúdicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-10) Campos, Lucas Bueno de; Castro, Paula Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3790263464498111; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0488541659728913
Older adults tend to be underactive, which is a risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases, which are equally painful for the individual as they are costly to the public health system. Maintaining levels of physical activity throughout life is a motivational challenge. Digital tools have been used to change this pattern, such as smartphone apps to support physical activity; but in-depth research on personalization is lacking to drive sedentary behavior change, considering what end users really want. Objective: To propose the concept and design vision of a new mobile physical activity application (PAUL) used in urban areas. Method: A qualitative focus group study was carried out, involving by prototype co-design; 24 volunteers divided into 2 focus groups from two Brazilian cities: São Carlos - elderly people who are not users of an app for physical activity and Santos (adults over 35, app users). The following procedures were performed: (i) baseline assessments; (ii) a focus group (iii) develop activities with both groups to redesign the Prototype. Data analysis: Thematic content analysis was performed. Results: the development of physical activity applications in urban environments, for people over 35 years old, should consider the following resources: custom-made and customizable application. Younger adults prefer resources such as self-monitoring, goal setting and social influence. Older adults prefer a simple interface, with self-monitoring, goal setting and reminders. This study provided recommendations for translating motivational strategies theoretically embedded in functional elements that can guide the development of health interventions to engage urban residents in an active urban life.
Cuidar/educar: formação de profissionais de creche em contexto de Extensão Universitária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-10) Martins, Andressa de Oliveira; Sommerhalder, Aline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236537649957580
This research is the result of a University Extension course aimed at caring/educating at the daycare center. The course was created for professionals who work with babies and young children in a municipal daycare center in the city of São Carlos, SP. We hypothesize that University Extension can be an important opportunity for teacher education, especially for changing and expanding conceptions about teaching in the daycare center, with an emphasis on caring and education. How can a University Extension course contribute to the training of professionals working in early childhood education, especifically with regard to the meanings attributed by the participants about caring and education? This thesis proposes a University Extension Course to analyze how it contributes to the training of professionals working in this scenario. We adopted a theoretical framework on the themes of early childhood education, caring and teacher training. In the field of early childhood education, we rely on legislation, official documents and authors who discuss the bond and credit the child with rights, understanding pedagogical action as a shared activity. We anchor in references that understand teacher training as something permanent and contextualized. With a qualitative approach, the investigation was carried out based on a case study in the scope of intervention. The organization of this action took place in three stages: 1 - Characterization of the group, survey of training needs and initial understandings about caring/educating in early childhood; 2 - Intervention based on the needs presented in the first stage; 3 - Analysis of care/educating after the second stage. We adopted the focus group for the main analysis, with footage and transcriptions of images and audio. This research was conducted in a Municipal Center for Early Childhood Education (CEMEI), having as participants the 25 professionals involved in the Extension course. Data organization was carried out through content analysis. These were organized into three thematic categories: “Understanding caring/educating in Early Childhood Education”; “Training of Professionals in Early Childhood Education in a University Extension Activity”; "Perspectives, reflections and understandings about caring/educating in Early Childhood Education". The results showed that initially the research participants understood the care in the daycare center associated with welfarism. Through participation in the University Extension course, they expanded their understanding on care/education as inseparable and anchored in human relations based on the affection, respect and listening of babies and young children. The University Extension proved to be a privileged opportunity for teacher education as a way to transform and improve their conceptions and practices. This researched proposed how to run an extension course, based on listening to teachers about their difficulties and demands, allowing them to reflect collaboratively on theories and practices. We intend to show that training is accomplished in context and that these professionals are historically situated subjects. That is why the partnership between university and the public education network is necessary and effective, providing quality education that cares/educates these professionals and that impacts teaching.
Avaliação das leveduras Torulaspora globosa e Trichosporon asahii no controle da podridão negra em frutos de tomate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-10) Dorta, Caroline; Rosa Magri, Márcia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315166264090327
Post-harvest rot has been responsible for losses by producers, a fact which has limited the commercialization of agricultural products for consumption in natura, fruits and vegetables. The fungus Alternaria alternata is the cause of black rot in post-harvest tomatoes; its control is carried out with fungicides, which contributes to the need for alternatives that present less risk to human health. In that context, yeasts have been studied as biological control agents in fruits. Considering the above, the objective of this research was to determine the potential of the yeasts Trichosporon asahii (3S44) and Torulaspora globosa (5S55) in the control of the fungus A. alternata in tomato fruits. The production of organic compounds volatile (VOCs) was evaluated using closed containers with the inoculated fruit with A. alternata spores, uncovered Petri dishes inoculated with T cells. asahii or T. globosa, and a gauze moistened with sterile distilled water. To the evaluation of yeast survival in the fruit wound, formulations with T. asahii or T.globosa and Tween 80 vehicles, saline, corn starch, colorless gelatin and sodium alginate were inoculated into the tomato wounds, and after 48 hours the portion of the injured region for dilution and plating. The control of the fungus by yeast in the fruit was evaluated by inoculating T. globosa cells in the wounds, and after 3 hours, spores of A. alternata. After 7 days, evaluations of the outer and inner diameter and qualitative assessments. As a result, it was observed in the test of volatile compounds the internal control of the progress of rot in the treatment with T. globosa and decreased spore production in the presence of T. asahii. O corn starch and the yeast Torulaspora globosa showed the best survival results of yeast in the fruit. In the in vivo test of fungus control, the treatment with the yeast T. globosa differed statistically from the control treatment both in relation to external and internal symptom, in addition to decreased production of mycelium. Therefore, the observed results showed that the yeast T. globosa has the potential to control the Alternaria alternata fungus in tomato fruits.
Mal-estar entre professores em início de carreira diante de pressões do Saresp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-10) Silva, Natália Menin da; Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7494119639272185
This study aims to comprehend the pressures faced by teachers in the beginning of their careers within the school environment while pursuing the bonus from Saresp (Evaluation System of Learning Performance of the State of São Paulo), and also to grasp which are the premises that benefit (or not) the valorization of those professionals. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with teachers who had up until five years of teaching experience in two state schools of basic education I and II, both in the city of São Carlos, SP. Those schools are used to receiving the Saresp bonus, a cash prize given to the teachers rewarding the “learning” of their students. The results were achieved through the qualitative methodology as a tool to analyze the interviews as well as its contents. In order to substantiate the research, Critical Theory and some of its thinkers were employed, especially regarding discussions of autonomy, emancipation and conformism. The study confirms that the pressures experienced by the teachers in the analyzed schools are in fact resulting from the state educational system’s demands, which end up causing tensions among the teachers who prepare their students to achieve Saresp’s desired goals. Such pressure initially causes a feeling of uneasiness, affecting newcomers, however, after some time of work, it can also be identified as an inherent feeling of the teaching/learning process, besides the “race” against time to meet the expectations of the bonus’ policy. It is clear the control of the administered world, which prescribes the teacher’s consciousness, making them relate with what has been imposed to them and meeting Saresp’s goals to receive the bonus, which forces said professionals to abide by the existing domination process. And even when teachers ponder about the damages caused by the oppressive work dynamics, through the impositions of the state educational system as well as other dynamics within the school, they don’t quit this identification with the prevailing values of a society that imposes such structure, emphasizing an adaptation to the dominant system. Consequently, the full training, in other words, the real education, which presents itself to the educational system as the possibility of emancipation and autonomy is, in fact, a semi education. Education moves away from its essential value, the real enlightenment. Thus, the teacher ends up conforming within the current situation and all of their pedagogical practices become exploited into this logic. Such pedagogical practices end up curbing the development of critical thinking and autonomy, which result in adaptation and conformism, in the other words, semi education.
Análise da dinâmica vertical de um protótipo baja SAE para dimensionamento da suspensão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-10) Zucolotto, João Victor; Malavolta, Alexandre Tácito; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8477313173581967; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6787521261043697
The present work lists and explains the main considerations for the suspension design of a mini Baja off-road prototype, based on the modeling and multibody analysis of its vertical dynamics. The work includes both the front and rear suspension, in which parameters of stiffness and damping and their respective influences on the behavior of the suspension and the vehicle are analyzed. It is an iterative process of simulations with the objective of establishing ideal values of parameters in order to obtain a dynamic behavior close to the expected one within the limitations imposed on this type of vehicle, such as the competition regulations for example. An improvement in vehicle performance is expected, and, for this type of vehicle, this boils down to high capacity to overcome obstacles combined with minimizing of the efforts transmitted to other car subsystems, including the driver. Several conditions which are found in the competition environment and considered to be among the most critical ones are simulated. The terrain type the car is subjected to, the types of tests and obstacles in competitions, as well as the characteristics of tires, shock absorbers and springs are the parameters of the greatest importance. The UFSCar Baja Team does not have a properly documented suspension project that will serve as a basis for future performance studies and improvements. The objective of this work is the adequate development of the vertical dynamics project of the suspension of the UFSCar Baja, using design methodologies such as: analysis of dynamic systems, design documentation and computer simulations. As a result, it is expected to obtain a suspension proposal that satisfies the demands of the UFSCar Baja project.
É doce, mas não é mole, não!: Representações sociais dos canavieiros alagoanos sobre o processo de “modernização” agrícola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-10) Lima, José Rodolfo Tenório; Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0934203685819594
Agricultural modernization through the mechanization of harvest presents itself as an expanding reality in the sugarcane fields of Brazil. The substitution of manual labor for machines has direct implications on work processes. Much is already known about what modernization is from a business perspective – for it is the entrepreneurs themselves who modernize – and what impacts the hegemonic ways of implementing it have on workers; but little is known about the meaning of modernization for subjects who are directly impacted by such actions. Therefore, the question that leads the research is: How do the subjects linked to the sugarcane world interpret and attribute meaning to the process of agricultural modernization that has been occurring in the sugar cane fields of Alagoas? The methodological path of the research has its predominance in the qualitative approach. However, it has also mobilized quantitative strategies when it was necessary. The research field took place in the state of Alagoas and the microregion of São Miguel dos Campos was the chosen territory. Within this micro-region, it was chosen as a research strategy to pick a production unit to carry out a case study. The survey data was collected from interviews (31 in total), field trips, access to government documents and databases, and entities representing the sector. To carry out the analysis, the collected and/or constructed data was compared and contrasted from the primary and secondary sources with the selected reference bibliography. The Theory of Social Representations was the theoretical choice made to help in understanding the subjectivities of workers on the modernization that took place in the sugarcane fields. From the outset, the representations are social, as they are developed from the context in which the subjects are inserted. Given this premise, three levels were investigated: national / regional, state and local. For the national / regional context, the exclusionary modernization process was identified, as the changes, resulting from the technological incorporation that allow the mechanization of work processes, have generated a great reduction in manual labor. In the local context, Alagoas, there is a type of modernization here called retarded, since archaic and modern go hand in hand. Finally, in the local context, the plant chosen for the case study presented itself as the most mechanized in the state. From this context, the investigated subjects positively represent modernization as an event that has enabled: a) better working conditions; b) higher yields; and c) greater professional development. However, the same event also presented, on the part of the interviewed subjects, a negative side, linked to the enormous unemployment that the technological incorporation generates. Thus, this type of representation was here called “rapadura”, because the popular saying that tries to express the multidimensionality of phenomena was used here: it is sweet, but it is not soft!. “Sweet” for a few and hard for many. Oxygenating the debate involving the world of sugarcane work based on the understanding of those directly involved in the modernization process is the contribution expected by the research.
Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF): discutindo potencialidades e fragilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-10) Silva, Luís Eduardo de Oliveira; Figueiredo, Wagner dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5780408703746760; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-299X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7568780855612938; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-7652
This research aimed to study the meanings of the Family Health Support Centers (NASF) in the Unified Health System (SUS), taking as a reference the scientific production on the subject since its creation and the performance of a NASF according to the health workers of a municipality in the interior of São Paulo. Created through the ordinance nº154 of January 24, 2008, the NASF aims to expand the actions of prevention and health promotion within the territories. Its proposal is exactly to qualify these spaces of care and health assistance, having as target public the teams and subjects of a certain territory, this way, contributing for the performance in Basic Care to be carried out in a qualified way, expanding the resolutiveness and generating good results. Methodologically, it is characterized as a qualitative study, through the case study. The research project was approved and authorized by the UFSCar's Committee of Ethics in Research with Human Beings and also approved by the Municipal Health Secretariat. The study was divided into two articles, the first of which is a bibliographical review, where a reflection of the ten years of creation and implementation of NASF in Brazil, from 2008 to 2018, is made. The second article presents the results of the field research, carried out in the first NASF in the countryside of São Paulo that started its work in March 2008. The discussion of the results showed that the team faces some difficulties to perform its work, such as management support, lack of proper space and understanding of Basic Care about its role. The lack of understanding by municipal managers about the work and the objectives of NASF in Basic Health Care is also highlighted.