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Identificação de bicadas de aves em modelos artificiais: aumentando a resolução taxonômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-20)
Furgeri, Jéssica Cristina
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2964740050384806
Birds are an important taxonomic group, as they perform various ecosystem services of great relevance to society. They are responsible for assisting in the control of pests and insects, in cleaning the environments and in the pollination of plants. In addition, they can contribute to the maintenance of agroforestry systems and seed dispersal. Recent research uses artificial models to identify taxonomic groups involved in arthropod predation and fruit consumption, and many of them have contributed to simplified levels of taxonomic resolution. However, there is a lack of studies on the specificity of peck marks and possible predators of artificial models, limiting taxonomic resolution. The present study aims to define patterns of the peck marks left by birds in artificial models (caterpillars and plasticine fruits), aiming to create a database of the sampled species. The collections were carried out in a municipal park, and in private properties in the region of Indaiatuba and Jundiaí (SP). 207 red plasticine fruits and 51 green caterpillars were offered to free-living and captive birds. Field observations were made in real-time. The models were collected and replaced as soon as the birds preyed on them. Data analysis was done through measurements with caliper and sample divisions into categories according to the pecking pattern. In relation to fruits, Mimus saturninus was the most sampled species (n = 51 ) and, in relation to caterpillars, Paroaria dominicana (n = 37). Despite the similarities found between the species' peck marks, it was possible to find unique patterns and characteristics for Pitangus sulphuratus and Saltator similis, allowing their identification through the models. With this, it is proposed an advance in these researches, not only quantifying the intensity of predation, but also the identification of these actors at the species level.
A importância da Curadoria Digital para a gestão de dados de pesquisa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-21)
Silva, Larissa Alves da
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Arakaki, Ana Carolina Simionato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896600626524397
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5714545457389700
Period of technological advent from the information age. Time-space that, concomitantly leads to changes in science and in the elaboration of scientific research. Data generated in mass exponentially that encompass all areas of knowledge. By this parameter, the present research performs in qualitative scope of theoretical-applied nature, in order to correlate concepts of Digital Curation and Research Data Management. Indeed, data when managed, understood, treated, preserved and reused in a way proper, serve as informational resource for the dissemination of science and development of research and scientific knowledge. Intends to analyze and reflect on the question: how the two approaches correlate and together, link to the “data” domain for the dissemination of scientific information and knowledge? In that domain, under development, explains about Digital Curation and the importance for Research Data Management. Performs mapping about the concepts of Digital Curation and Research Data Management. As a result, it appears that the set of identified concepts along the mapping presents that these dialogue with each other and complement each other, as well as among the definitions of Research Data Management, highlights the great link with the performance of the librarian as highly relevant in relation to service offering, use of tools, in addition to plans and methods for research data management. It is observed that the analyzes suggest that there is growing interest in the scientific and academic community in relation to Digital Curation and Research Data Management, even though they are an evolving concept, manifesting during scientific propagation. It is concluded that recognition of the Digital Curation and its importance for Research Data Management which consists of the fact that methods used by the Digital Curation process, as stages of archiving and digital preservation, they also include steps in the process with the purpose of giving attention to the creation and effective management of research data, making data subject to interpretation, use, reuse and access and effective management and subsequent data sharing, increase scientific and technological progress, assist research and researchers to progress scientifically.
Avaliação do potencial fitotóxico de frações e subfrações de folhas, cascas de caule e raízes de Ocotea pulchella e dos compostos salicilato de benzila e benzoato de benzila sobre espécies invasoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-21)
Fuentes, Luis Felipe García
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Gualtieri, Sonia Cristina Juliano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5723616089076998
Plants synthesize a wide variety of chemicals in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. These substances are usually associated with plant defense processes against herbivores and pathogens. These substances, derived from secondary metabolism are known as allelochemicals. The species of the Lauraceae family have the potential to produce secondary metabolites with herbicidal properties. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of extracts and subfractions of the species Ocotea pulchella, as well as of the synthetic compounds benzyl salicylate and benzyl benzoate on target species. For this, bioassays were carried out with coleoptiles of Triticum aestivum and bioassays of germination and initial growth of invasive species of agricultural crops. The concentrations of 0.8 mg.mL-1, 0.4 mg.mL-1 and 0.2 mg.mL-1 were used for hexane extracts, ethyl and aqueous acetates, of leaves, stem barks and roots as well as well as for the subfractions of the ethyl acetate extract of rainy season leaves from O. pulchella. For the synthetic compounds, concentrations of 10-3 M, 3•10-4 M, 10-4 M, 3•10-5 M and 10-5 M were used in bioassays with T. aestivum coleoptiles; whereas for the initial growth bioassays the concentrations of 10-3 M, 10-4 M e 10-5 M were used. All 18 extracts of O. pulchella inhibited the growth of T. aestivum coleoptiles at least in the highest concentration tested. In general, the group of ethyl acetate extracts (leaves, stem and root) from O. pulchella showed the highest phytotoxic activity in the target species. The benzyl salicylate and benzyl benzoate compounds showed strong inhibitory activity on the growth of T. aestivum coleoptiles, being even superior to the herbicide mainly at concentrations 3•10-5 M and 10-5 M. These compounds also showed an inhibitory effect on the bioindicator species Lactuca sativa, Solanum lycopersicum, Allium cepa and T. aestivum and on the invasive species Euphorbia heterophylla and Megathyrsus maximus. E. heterophylla was the species most affected by the action of both compounds in all evaluated parameters and in some parameters the inhibitory effect of these compounds was equal to that exerted by the herbicide, mainly in the root system. All eight subfractions obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of leaves from the rainy season significantly inhibited the growth of T. aestivum coleoptiles in the highest concentration (0.8 mg. ML-1) and seven of these also did in the other two concentrations (0, 4 mg. ML-1 and 0.2 mg. ML-1). In the initial growth bioassays, four subfractions were tested (A1, A2, A3 and A4) where subfractions A1 and A2 exerted the highest values of inhibition in the growth of the root and aerial part of the species E. heterophylla and M. maximus. In addition, in the species E. heterophylla, subfractions A1 and A2 exerted inhibition values statistically equal to those exerted by the herbicide in all concentrations tested both in the aerial part and in the root system. However, the highest concentration of subfraction A1 in the roots was higher than that observed by the herbicide at the same concentration. Thin layer chromatography was performed and the presence of benzyl salicylate and benzyl benzoate was verified in subfraction A1, such compounds are reported in the literature as compounds with phytotoxic potential responsible for the phytotoxic activity of O. pulchella. The reduction in the growth of the root system of E. heterophylla seedlings may be related to the decrease in the elongation of the metaxylem cells submitted to the subfractions of the ethyl acetate extract of leaves of the O. pulchella species. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the O. pulchella species as well as the synthetic compounds benzyl salicylate and benzyl benzoate have phytotoxic potential.
O ensino das partículas elementares a partir de uma sequência didática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-21)
Moura Júnior, Orlando Leite de
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Silva, Fernanda Keila Marinho da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390725197649567
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Cruz, Tersio Guilherme de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0705292304279277
In this academic work we present the development of the study, elaboration, application and verification of the data of a Didactic Sequence (SD) that aims to assist students learning in the third year of high school (EM), in a state public school in the interior of São Paulo. The content to be studied are the Elementary Particles (PE) – basic components of matter – and their interactions, an integral part of the theme of Modern and Contemporary Physics (FMC). The SD was supported by the Theory of Meaningful Learning (TAS) and by the State of São Paulo High School Curriculum. The pedagogical activities present on the SD are clarified in four distinct Didactic Units (UD) that aim to mitigate the apparent difficulties of teaching and learning contents related to the subject of Physics, mainly FMC. The activities were followed by formative and summative assessments (taken at the end of the SD). We thus hope to be pertinent to the pedagogical context and to contribute to the continuous search for an increasingly adequate and effective teaching/learning relationship.
A constituição da identidade docente em Educação Física na Base Nacional Comum Curricular: limites e possibilidades à luz da pedagogia freireana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Vieira, Luiz Renato Assunção
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Torres, Juliana Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6267440614385448
The aim of this study is to analyze the BNCC in Physical Education for the elementary school from the perspective of the pedagogy proposed by Paulo Freire, explaining in which curricular perspective this document contributes to the constitution of the teacher/ professional identity in Physical Education and, based on this analysis, to investigate what are the possibilities for a critical-Freirean curriculum in Physical Education that constitutes a teacher identity as a critical-liberating educator. This investigation is relevant because the teacher identity in Physical Education is confused with other professional identities according to the different curricular proposals. This qualitative research uses bibliographic research and documentary analysis to understand how the history of Physical Education in Brazilian schools and the different curricular theories constitute different teachers identities. For this we are based on some theoretical bases that allow us to establish parameters to analyze the constitution of the teacher identity in Physical Education in BNCC, some of the main ones are: Antonio Flavio Barbosa Moreira, Thomaz Tadeu da Silva, Selma Garrido Pimenta, Paulo Ghiraldelli Júnior, Valter Bracht, Mário Luiz Ferrari Nunes and Marcos Garcia Neira. Concomitantly, we are based on Paulo Freire's Liberating education, establishing the Freirean categories of dialogue and praxis as analytical categories for thinking about the limits of the curriculum proposal contained in the BNCC. The results of this research show that BNCC presents several aspects of a traditional curriculum proposal that give Physical Education characteristics of the “banking education” denounced by Paulo Freire and constitute an alienated and alienating teacher identity. It is from these results that we think about the possibilities of a critical Physical Education curriculum based on Freire's Liberating education understood from the dialogue and that, based on curricular praxis, contribute to the constitution of a teacher identity in Physical Education as a critical-liberating educator.
Human action recognition based on spatiotemporal features from videos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Silva, Murilo Varges da
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Marana, Aparecido Nilceu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6027713750942689
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5501575917932892
Currently, there is a high demand for the development of new techniques for automatic pattern recognition in videos, for example for the automatic recognition of human actions, this demand is motivated by the advances in the technologies of production, storage, transmission and sharing of videos, such advances triggered the production of a huge volume of videos that need to be automatically processed to be useful. Among the main applications, we can highlight: surveillance in public places, detection of falls of the elderly in their homes, automation in no-checkout-required stores, detection of pedestrian actions by self-driving car, detection of inappropriate content posted on the Internet like violence or pornography, etc. The automatic recognition of actions in videos is a challenging task because, in order to obtain good classification rates, it is necessary to work with spatial information (for example, shapes found in a single frame of the video) and temporal information (for example, movement patterns found throughout the frames in the video). In this thesis new methods are proposed for automatic recognition of human actions based on spatiotemporal features extracted from videos. Initially, different architectures of 3D Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) were evaluated in the context of detecting pornography in videos. Afterwards, new methods were proposed for the recognition of human actions based on spatiotemporal information extracted from 2D poses. The use of 2D poses proved to be a promising strategy, as it requires a lower computational cost when compared to techniques that use deep learning. Besides, by using 2D poses, instead of raw images, one can preserve the privacy of people and places where the video cameras are installed. The proposed method has presented accuracy rates compatible with the state-of-the-art rates on the public databases in which the experiments were carried out.
Non-autonomous Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system: pullback dynamics in the continuous and impulsive approaches
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Santiago, Eric Busatto
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Bonotto, Everaldo de Mello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2183693074268993
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Nascimento, Marcelo José Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7133572787875912
This work is dedicated to study a non-autonomous formulation of the Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system, which is a coupled system consisting of two non-autonomous evolution equations, where each one is of second order in time. This model is closely related to the interaction of waves and it appears frequently in thermoelasticity, mechanics, plasma physics, and other areas alike. The present work is divided into two main parts. In a first moment, using the uniform sectorial operators theory, we will show that our formulation has parabolic structure and then, making use of the natural energy associated to the system, we will obtain its global well-posedness. With the global solution in hands, we can define a nonlinear evolution process. Thus, in order to study the long-time dynamics of solutions, we shall use the abstract evolution processes theory to prove existence, regularity and upper semicontinuity of pullback attractors. In the second main moment of this work, we are going to investigate the asymptotic dynamics of solutions of the non-autonomous Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system when they are subject to the action of impulses. To do that, we will study the qualitative properties of evolution processes under conditions of impulses and present sufficient conditions for the existence of pullback attractors for evolution processes in the impulsive scenario. Finally, we apply the abstract results in order to ensure the existence of an impulsive pullback attractor for the impulsive evolution process associated with the non-autonomous Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system with impulsive action.
As discussões de gênero na formação de docentes de ciências da natureza
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Macedo, Jéssica Carolina Paschoal de
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Lopes, Nataly Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3623490588481296
This research aims to analyze the formative potential of the Curricular Activity of Integration Teaching, Research and Extension (ACIEPE) proposed, aiming to identify the implications arising from the insertion of gender issues as a socio-scientific issue in the training of future / science teachers. In this way, the present work was developed with students of the courses of Degree in Chemistry, Physics and Biological Sciences, Bachelor in Biotechnology and Master in Education for Science, from UFSCar - Center for Agricultural Sciences. It is a participatory research, since the interaction based on the strengthening of communicative and horizontal relations between the researchers and the participants occurred during all stages of the research, highlighting the moments of theoretical discussion and action proposals oriented to social transformation. In this sense, the inferences pointed out result from the data categorization process, based on the content analysis methodology proposed by Bardin, the categories being discussed, the time available for the activities proposed at ACIEPE, the absence of the participation of the external community, recognition of gender theories such as scientific knowledge, consolidation of communicative spaces for training and transformation through research. That said, through the delimited categories we conclude that, based on reasoned discussions about the potentialities, limitations and intentionalities of scientific and technological studies as a mechanism to face social inequalities, the critical, engaged and active formation in the search for social justice occurred. Thus, we hope with this work to add new knowledge to gender discussions in the formation of future science teachers.
Seleção de genótipos de limão com tolerância ao HLB para produção de óleo essencial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Rodrigues, Luís Henrique dos Santos
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Azevedo, Fernando Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0574692206149746
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Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623193710607120
Brazilian citriculture is one of the pillars of the national trade balance, being one of the largest in the world, however huanglongbing (HLB) has been causing significant losses in the sector. There are no reports in the literature on citrus varieties and species resistant or tolerant to HLB. In BAG Citros IAC there are 105 accessions of lemon (Citrus limon), a species that can be exploited in the fresh fruit and juice market, and also presents by-products with high added value, the most important of which being the essential oil of the peel. The objective of this work was to select lemon genotypes with tolerance to HLB and with high production of essential oil. Six lemon genotypes (Saisons variegated IAC 290, Eureka IAC 644, Woglum IAC 271, Mayer IAC 630, São Matheus IAC 265 and Laranjado IAC 281) were evaluated for incidence and severity of HLB, physicochemical characteristics of fruits, productivity and essential oil yield. The evaluations were carried out in the second semester of 2018 and the first semester of 2019. All genotypes presented 100% incidence of HLB in the evaluation carried out in the first semester of 2019. The genotype Woglum presented, in the studied edaphoclimatic conditions, less severity to the HLB in the evaluation in 2018 and 2019, in relation to the São Matheus, Eureka, Laranjado and Saisons Variegado genotypes. As for the physical-chemical characteristics, there was a decrease in the mass of fruits harvested in 2018, for fruits harvested in 2019 for the cultivars Mayer and São Matheus. Fruits harvested in 2018 and 2019 did not differ between genotypes in parameters of height and width of fruit, juice yield, acidity, vitamin C and ratio. The genotypes Woglum, Mayer, Laranjado and Saison variegado, showed a decrease in total soluble solids from fruits harvested in 2018, for fruits harvested in 2019. The cultivar Eureka showed higher production per plant in the 2019 evaluation, while the cultivar São Matheus showed greater efficiency productive in the same evaluation in relation to the others. The essential oil yield of the peel was higher in the fruits harvested in the first half of 2019 compared to 2018 for all genotypes. Of the six genotypes studied, the Woglum and Mayer genotypes have a higher tolerance to HLB and the Eureka genotype has high oil productivity per hectare.
Existência de pullback atrator exponencial para uma família de problemas dominados por uma perturbação do p(x)-Laplaciano com difusão grande localizada, via método das l-trajetórias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Couto, Thays Regina Santana
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Carbone, Vera Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8281633043632854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2451692263315560
In this work, we use the method of l-trajectories to prove the existence of a family of exponential attractors for autonomous nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations, involving the p(x)-Laplacian with large localized diffusion. In the non-autonomous case, we use a generalization of the method of l-trajectories to guarantee the existence of a family of pullback exponential attractors.
Migrações induzidas por fatores climáticos na América do SuL: os acordos sobre residência dos cidadãos do Mercosul e associados como forma de reconhecimento e integração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Granado, Karina
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Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2285161148953733
The general aim of this thesis was to investigate the existence of consolidated norms in MERCOSUR to be adapted to the migrants induced by climatic factors as implementation of the process of integration phase of the free movement of people and as a way of recognition and permanent assistance. To achieve the central aim, specific objectives were carried out for the reflexive conduction of the proposed theoretical and factual interweaving: (i) to establish ranges and conceptual and motivating differences between migration, refuge and displacement; (ii) to determine the relationship between environmental impacts (whether progressive or sudden) arising from climate change and migration statistics in South America; (iii) to analyze the academic research scenario on the relationship between the climate crisis and human displacement in South America; (iv) to define, based on the Theory of Legal Integration in the context of South America, what were the innovations brought by the MERCOSUR Residence Agreements and to analyze the (non)existence of other institutional forms coordinated and produced by the experiences of this integration process; and (V) to establish the possibility of integrating the multilateral mechanisms existing in MERCOSUR, based on the Residence Agreements, and to examine a possible granting of (temporary) humanitarian visas overcoming, enabling permanent assistance. Methodologically, in order to achieve these objectives, this applied research was revealed (according to CERVO; BERVIAN, 2002; GIL, 2010; LAKATOS; MARCONI, 2017), as it proposes the production of knowledge for application in specific situations, such as protecting the current legal vulnerability of environmental displacements in South America starting from the MERCOSUR Residence Agreements. This is also an exploratory study since from greater familiarity with the problem, it proposes to make the issue more explicit through further in-depth of ideas and concepts, and an explanatory research, by identifying the factors that contribute to the occurrence of certain phenomena, such as the case of climatic factors motivating a large number of human displacements (GIL, 2010). It is also classified as Bibliographic Research and as Documentary Research because books, scientific articles, theses, dissertations, periodical publications such as online newspapers and academic journals were used as bibliographic sources on technical procedures (CERVO; BERVIAN, 2002). As for the results and discussions, it started from the hypothesis of recognizing the MERCOSUR Residence Agreements as valid instruments for the application of a process of recognition and protection of environmental migration and displacement by disasters, which was confirmed in the sense of this application being revealed as a quick measure in the face of environmental emergencies and, consequently, migratory emergencies that are on the horizon. In this sense, waiting for multilateral negotiations and discussions in order to normatively establish a new migratory category and underlying documents, and only then being possible to receive these groups, would be to make waiting perpetrate human rights violations, even though there are immediately sufficient and capable Residence Agreements to start receiving migrations induced by climatic factors. Thus, it was noticed that the Residence Agreements have an initial support aspect, and it is from them that the migratory theme is built in MERCOSUR. Hence, it was found, in terms of research conclusions, that there are no specific regulations capable of regulating the transit and reception in the receiving countries regarding environmental migration and those who travel through environmental disasters across MERCOSUR borders. Therefore, the Residence Agreements for Nationals and Associated States of MERCOSUR (MERCOSUR 2002a, 2002b), instruments already formalized and internalized in all country members, as they do not have an exclusive or limiting content for these human movements motivated by the impacts of climate change, they would be liable to be applied with intra-bloc administrative and bureaucratic demands, in a simplified way compared to other routes that would require major multilateral and international dealings.
Modelagem cinética da síntese de galacto-oligossacarídeos usando a β-galactosidase de Kluyveromyces lactis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22)
Schultz, Guilhermina
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Giordano, Roberto de Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834668419587001
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Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195
Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have a high commercial value and are used in the food industry. GOS are non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO), which are considered prebiotics. They can be produced enzymatically from substrates rich in lactose (whey, whey permeate or lactose) using the enzyme β-galactosidase as a catalyst, through a kinetically controlled reaction characterized by competition between GOS synthesis reactions (transgalactosylation) and lactose hydrolysis. In these substrates there are considerable concentrations of cations (Na+, Mg+2, Ca+2 and K+) that can affect the activity of β-galactosidase. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the kinetics of the enzymatic synthesis of GOS using lactose and whey permeate as substrate, using the free enzyme β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis (Lactozym 3000 L HP G) as a catalyst, which has GRAS status, to arrive at mathematical models that allow the use of computational tools in order to optimize the process. To achieve this goal, several reactions were conducted. In the initial rate assays, most of the experiments were carried out on 220 g/L of lactose (pure, or present in whey permeate) and chloride salts were added when using pure lactose, to verify their influence on the initial rate of synthesis and hydrolysis, total activity and selectivity. The results obtained indicate that, within the studied region, sodium, among all the ions tested, was the one that caused the greatest selectivity. Calcium inhibited the initial rate of enzyme synthesis and hydrolysis. In media containing potassium together with sodium, the effect of sodium inhibition on the initial rate of hydrolysis was even more pronounced. A similar effect occurred when potassium and calcium were used, since the inhibition caused by calcium, in the total activity, initial rate of synthesis and hydrolysis seems to be potentiated by the presence of potassium. For the kinetic model, fit were made by non-linear regression, in which several initial concentrations of lactose and enzyme were used. The model has nine adjustable parameters and characterizes the formation of Glb, tri, tetrasaccharides and enzymatic inactivation. A bootstrap method, based on the residues obtained during the adjustment procedure, is employed to calculate the confidence intervals for the parameters. This model fits well with the experimental data. As a result, this model can be useful for optimization of bioreactors and process design, as well as process control.
Análogo mecânico para a discussão de conceitos da Termodinâmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-23)
Silva, Rodrigo da
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Souza, James Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4038093109830730
Teaching physics in basic education, in addition to providing a scientific basis for students to study nature, is very important to present to them career opportunities in science, technology, engineering, medicine, among others. Therefore, questions about an optimized method for teaching and learning physics have been insistently asked by both experienced and inexperienced teachers and researchers as well as by students preparing to be a teacher. A universal answer to these questions is practically impossible to provide, owing the different teaching objectives and conditions of each school or region, which are changing dynamically. There are countless approaches and directions that can be taken and probably the “best way” to teach any discipline does not exist. For effective teaching and learning it is necessary to take into consideration several factors such as the teacher, students' prior knowledge, age, the infrastructure and the school curriculum, among others. In this work we approach the teaching of thermodynamics using analogies, through the guide structure of the “Teaching With Analogies” (TWA) model, from an experiment composed of communicating vessels and some accessories to simulate thermodynamic systems in thermal contact. This approach enables us to discuss in more detail concepts such as temperature, heat, energy, work, thermal capacity and their relationship with the Zeroth, the First and the Second Laws of Thermodynamics. The proposal was applied in a private school in the interior of São Paulo for 40 students attending junior and senior years of high school in four classes of forty-five minutes duration. Our didactic sequence was divided into 3 activities, the first focusing on mapping the students' previous knowledge through an opinion survey, the second for presenting and executing the experiment, covering all the proposed topics using the analogies, and in the third an essay questionnaire was provided for the students write about the subject addressed. We concluded that the application of our proposal was successful. By using analogies we established more coherent discussions with the physical and scientific reality of the studied systems, providing greater interaction between the teacher and the students and among students. The students also carried out the activities with greater engagement and motivation. Our educational product is composed by the communicating vessels experiment and a suggestion of how to approach the thermodynamic concepts using the proposed analogies, in an attempt to better clarify mainly the difference among the concepts of heat, temperature and energy, so that they can be defined and used in the students' daily lives more appropriately.
Análise pedagógica crítica do trabalho da terapia ocupacional na educação inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-23)
Cervelin, Bruna Eiras
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Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4621475943945841
The present work sought to understand the extent to which Freire's pedagogy can contribute to the praxis of occupational therapy to overcome limits and difficulties experienced in the educational practice of a critical inclusion in the society of students target audience of special education. For this, a qualitative research was carried out through document analysis and critical discourse analysis. The theoretical framework of Paulo Freire and Latin American occupational therapists such as Galheigo stands out. Two documents were selected, a WFOT positioning statement called “Occupational Therapy Services in School Practice for Children and Youth” and the “Latin American Manifesto of Occupational Therapy and Occupation”, and their relationship with the Freireano concept of authentic praxis. The WFOT document, in spite of covering concepts from the biopsychosocial perspective and promoting practice based on occupation tends to be hegemonic, where it is up to the occupational therapist to contribute so that the student can perform and participate in the activities of the school routine. The manifesto, on the other hand, despite not mentioning issues related to education directly, proposes a call to occupational therapists to rethink their practices in a critical perspective, where inclusion does not mean adapting individuals so that they fit into specific occupations for the maintenance of the status quo and that end up contributing to exclusion even if unintentionally. We conclude that Freire's pedagogy contributes significantly to occupational therapy, helping for a critical reflection of professional performance. Southern occupational therapy was born in the field of social occupational therapy and it is more in touch with it. The field of education, however, still lacks publications on the subject.
Crack network monitoring upon curing and drying of high-alumina MgO-containing refractory castable via digital image correlation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-23)
Sciuti, Vinicius Fiocco
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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Canto, Rodrigo Bresciani
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316268411830615
MgO particles are added to high-alumina refractory castable formulations to form spinel at high temperatures. However, these particles react with water forming brucite, which causes heterogeneous expansions in the material that usually induces damage. Damage was studied by Impulse Excitation Techniques, which gives access to a global Young’s modulus. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a full-field technique that can provide field information about damage. In this dissertation, DIC was applied to cubic and bar-shaped specimens of the refractory castable mentioned, during curing and drying, in an in-house climatic chamber. This application was validated by tomographic volumes that showed cracks initiating on the surface and propagating to the center of the specimen. The images were analyzed using the software Correli-3.0, which implements a global approach (i.e., FE-based DIC). The Mechanical Regularization and the Brightness and Contrast Correction tools were applied to enhance the use of fine discretizations. The cracks were identified and quantified using maximum principal strain fields, which is the basis of other parameters defined in the dissertation (e.g., the Mean Crack Opening Displacement and the Surface Crack Density). The importance of a Representative Elementary Volume was highlighted by com- paring the results of cubic and bar-shaped specimens. Further, the Principal Component Analysis was applied to the displacement and the maximum eigen strain fields obtained via DIC. It revealed the crack network as the most relevant component with a temporal development of a sigmoidal curve where a two-parameter Weibull law was satisfactorily fitted. The approach allows the need for user-defined thresholds to be avoided for crack quantification Finally, an Adaptive Meshing (AM) procedure was implemented to locally refine the mesh on regions with cracks.
Análise da produção científica brasileira e portuguesa sobre o tema repositório: um estudo a partir do RCAAP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-29)
Bazilio, Ana Paula Matos
;
Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3925301148484648
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
Iniciativas de gestão do conhecimento contribuem para o aperfeiçoamento e a potencialização do conhecimento científico, de forma a suscitar a geração de novos conhecimentos, a otimização de recursos, o crescimento institucional e o progresso da ciência. Neste cenário, os repositórios se configuram como ferramentas que contribuem para esses processos, tanto de comunicação científica quanto para o de gestão de conhecimento. Neste contexto foi identificada a necessidade de investigar, em uma perspectiva exploratória e descritiva, como tem se configurado a produção científica, relacionada ao Repositório, nas pesquisas em Ciência da Informação brasileira e portuguesa, a fim de analisar, de modo mais pontual, como os repositórios têm sido conceituados e caracterizados nestas pesquisas de língua portuguesa. Para tanto, foram selecionadas teses e dissertações junto ao Portal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP), que posteriormente foram analisadas seguindo categorias definidas a partir dos objetivos da pesquisa. Como resultado geral constatou-se que o repositório digital é o primeiro repositório a surgir, sendo um conceito mais amplo, logo após surgem os conceitos de repositórios institucionais de Crow (2002) e Lynch (2003) e a confirmação que em geral os repositórios são conceituados conforme o tipo de material depositado, área de pesquisa ou alguma finalidade específica.
Metadados e padrão de metadados para editoras universitárias brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021)
Amaral, Fatima Beatriz Manieiro do
;
Simionato, Ana Carolina
;
Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2906322889921375
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896600626524397
As editoras universitárias constituem um campo cultural relacionado à comunicação e divulgação científica. Por meio de discussões da área de Ciência da Informação, com a utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação e de metadados, o contexto se torna pauta a fim de que os livros publicados sejam recuperáveis, isto é, encontráveis e acessíveis na Web. Sendo assim, pretende-se elaborar uma discussão sobre os benefícios da adoção de um padrão de metadados por editoras universitárias e a apresentação do ONIX for Books, padrão de metadados editoriais utilizado globalmente. Método: Este trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa exploratória, realizada a partir de um levantamento bibliográfico - com fontes obtidas na busca pelos termos “metadados” e “editoras universitárias brasileiras” no operador Google Acadêmico e na BRAPCI - e documental- com as pesquisas nos websites das editoras universitárias e do padrão ONIX. Resultados: Verificou-se na literatura a importância e benefícios da adoção de um padrão de metadados para a representação de recursos informacionais, com destaque para o ONIX for Books já que é um padrão rico e amplamente adotado nacional e internacionalmente. Conclusão: Para as editoras universitárias, utilizar um padrão de metadados para a descrição de seus livros ou recursos informacionais é urgente, uma vez que garantem a interoperabilidade e recuperação por lojas em plataformas digitais, bibliotecas e bases de dados, chegando mais facilmente ao usuário-cliente final.
O mix de recompensas no contexto da pandemia de covid-19: um levantamento na região de Sorocaba – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021)
Amaral, Nattan Prochnon
;
Chueri, João Carlos Tecchio
;
Ubeda, Cristina Lourenço
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6696784421924024
The COVID-19 pandemic caused many impacts, either on the personal life or in the professional life, they are undeniable. Still, due to it being a recent event, these impacts are yet to be fully measured. The objective of this article is to bring light upon which changes have taken place in the perception of the rewards mix due to the pandemic scenario in the region of Sorocaba. The research method employed was Survey, for a quantitative and descriptive exploration, having as its desired public the mass of workers in the region of Sorocaba which could participate through an online form. The data was analyzed through the comparison of the answers and the ranking, which allowed evidencing the changes suffered in the desired mix, confirming the idea that the pandemic would impact this perception of the workers, as well as signalizing the growth of the value of autonomy compared to the others elements of the mix.
Impact of teacher education abroad in international co-authorship: a study of Federal University of São Carlos’s scientifics production indexed in the Web of Science
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021)
Reis, José Eduardo dos
;
Sarvo, Denilson de Oliveira
;
Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
;
Amaral, Roniberto Morato do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3806982041285431
Metric studies on internationalization, especially indicators of co-authorship, present challenges regarding the collection, representativeness, and reliability of the data measuring the impacts of international mobility. Aiming to contribute to the understanding of scientific collaboration initiatives, the present research’s objective was to investigate the relationship between outside teacher education, represented by the completion of a doctoral degree and post-doctoral internship, and international collaboration, identified by the international co-authorships in institutional scientific output. The research method was the exploratory case study, and the case unit was the Federal University of São Carlos. The Lattes Platform and the Web of Science were used as sources of information, and the sample analyzed comprised 12,787 scientific articles and 1,915 Lattes resumés. It was found that 1,850 teachers have doctoral or post-doctoral education (96.6%) and, of these, 632 graduated abroad (33.1%). Regarding the scientific output, 3,487 of the 12,787 articles were published in international co-authorship (27.3%). From the scientific output in international co-authorship, indicators on the groups of teachers with and without education abroad were analyzed. Among the indicators developed, 8.43 articles per teacher were identified for the group with education abroad, while in the group without education abroad, 4.26 articles were identified per teacher. The results demonstrate a positive relationship between doctoral or post-doctoral education abroad with international co-authorships, contributing to institutional internationalization.
As competências apontadas pelo fórum econômico mundial no contexto da indústria 4.0: um levantamento com profissionais da região de Sorocaba – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021)
Fonseca, Juliana Carvalho
;
Silva, Danielly Cristina Candido da
;
Ubeda, Cristina Lourenço
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6696784421924024
Industry 4.0 and the advancement of technologies are phenomena that are transforming the work settings of companies, promoting process automation, increased productivity, use of technologies such as big data, machine learning and the internet of things. These changes have a significant impact on work relationships, skills needed by professionals, the disappearance of some occupations and the creation of others. The purpose of this article is to understand whether professionals in the job market understand the skills they need to develop to remain competitive in this new context of the so-called 4th industrial revolution. The research method used is the Survey, and data collection was done through an electronic questionnaire containing multiple-choice and open-ended questions with short answers. The questionnaire was directed to professionals in the labor market who work in the region of São Paulo, Sorocaba and their surroundings. The data were compared with the 15 skills considered essential for the future of work according to the World Economic Forum. After analyzing the results, it is possible to conclude that young workers from the São Paulo - Sorocaba axis understand the importance and master all the competences raised by the World Economic Forum, except for the more technical competences such as use, monitoring and control of technologies, programming , systems analysis and evaluation. This gap raises the need for companies and governments to encourage the development of such technical skills considered important for the future of work. Keywords: Competencies. Industry 4.0. Job market.