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Efeitos do exercício físico na cognição de idosos pré-frágeis e frágeis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Rossi, Paulo Giusti; Andrade, Larissa Pires de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7334391500340646; Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5241610268196898
Frailty syndrome is characterized as an important geriatric syndrome because it is associated with a greater risk of functional decline, falls, institutionalization, hospitalization and death. Besides, cognition is an important factor and seems to be involved as part of the frailty syndrome, so that most of these older adults presents cognitive decline associated. The most used form of treatment is physical exercise, being multicomponent the most effective, and the treatment of older adults at risk of frailty is a key factor to prevent progressions and consequently worsening in the phenotypic aspects presented in the syndrome. Therefore, the following thesis was divided into two studies, and Study I, entitled “Effects of physical exercise on the cognition of older adults with frailty syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials”, aimed to analyze the effects of physical exercise without the addition of a specific cognitive stimuli on the cognition of community-dwelling older adults with frailty syndrome; and Study II, entitled “Effects of multicomponent physical exercise on cognition and performance in a dual-task test of pre-frail older adults: a randomized, blinded, controlled study”, aimed to analyze the effects of a multicomponent training intervention without specific cognitive stimuli on global cognition and in a challenging dual-task performance test in community-dwelling pre-frail older adults. To the development of the second study, a protocol for pre-frail older adults was developed and published. The protocol consisted of warm-up, aerobic exercises, balance, muscle strengthening and cool-down according to the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines, lasting 16 weeks, 3 times per week, 60 minutes each session. The results from Study I allow the conclusion that physical exercise, even without specific cognitive stimuli, is able to improve the cognition of older adults with frailty syndrome. However, Study II demonstrated that specifically in pre-frail older adults, physical exercise alone does not show the potential to improve performance in dual-task activity, suggesting a more specific approach to improve this aspect.
Filogenia e evolução de caracteres morfológicos na Ordem Amblypygi Thorell, 1883 (Arachnida)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Navari, Jéssica Lopes Tagliatela; Labarque, Facundo Martín; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7227934929457482; Fusari, Lívia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4951378712238107; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611158086460128
A new cladistic hypothesis is presented for the first time with 35 species from 19 of the 25 genera, using morphological data. The taxa used included 17 out- and ingroups (Amblypygi). The matrix of morphological characters is based on recent studies focusing on Amblypygi and resulted in 117 characters, eleven of which are exclusive to this work. The characters and their status were encoded in the Mesquite program. Phylogenetic analyzes were performed with equal weights and with implicit weighing in the TNT program, using †Eophrynus Woodward, 1871 as an external group to root the analyses. The discussion is based on the results of the analyses with implicit weighing (k = 5.468750), in order to reduce homoplasies in the preferred tree. The results suggest six synapomorphies for Amblypygi. The new tree generated suggests most families and genera of Amblypygi were not resolved as monophyletic, and those recovered as monophyletic groups had low support, like Euamblypygi, Charontidae and Phrynoidea; except for Amblypygi. The present study highlights the importance of further character exploration and phylogenetic studies in Amblypypi to understand the morphological evolution of the group and to resolve their internal relations.
Astronomia no ensino de Física: o Radiotelescópio como mediador para o ensino de Ondulatória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Pinto, César Hipólito; Gebara, Maria José Fontana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6585493065968961; Dias, Airton Natanael Coelho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070166380084691; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4120937328404511
The primary objective was to develop and build a radio telescope for the capturing of specific frequency of 1420 MHz of hydrogen lines and echoes from a meteor shower event and apply it in the process of teaching and learning electromagnetic waves. With that in mind, the theoretical reference used is based on Vygotsky´s Theory for the process of basic concept construction. This choice is justified by the interest in developing important educational standards, not only the teaching of physics, but also building and identification of social-emotional skills of each student: cooperation, persistence, conscientiousness; and relevant, strengthening and improving important technological concepts involved in the particular activity. As an evaluation method, the concept of “culmination” was applied as a reference, and in this context, preliminary results show the key protagonism of students with exciting speeches and interest in new technological activities, once new achievements were accomplished, team members were chosen to participate in the 2020 - 3rd Cube design and INPE's Workshop on Engineering and Space Technologies. The product itself was totally designed and developed with easy to acquire and low-cost materials, making it feasible at any educational reality in the country. Originally, it was applied at a state school in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, sixteen high school students. Finally, it was possible to observe an emotional excitement, which means, the development of autonomy, group work, and technical skills by the students. In the other hand, electromagnetic waves knowledge development led to an improvement in the Physics technical language.
Uma proposta de abordagem de matemática financeira no ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Prado, João Paulo Sanchez de Almeida; Caetano, Paulo Antônio Silvani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0370219014539994; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2502146357304907
In this work we present a suggestion of approach and teaching practice on topics in financial mathematics, such as percentage, centesimal ratio, percentage variation, simple interest and compound interest, to be applied in Elementary School, especially in the 9th year, using methodologies with technological resources. The main objective of this work is to show that it is possible to enrich the teaching-learning process of Financial Mathematics through didactic sequences that make use of active methodologies and interactions mediated by simple and free technologies. As an end product of this work, we offer an activity proposal entitled "Vendendo Brigadeiros" and two didactic sequence suggestions that are "Aprendendo com planilhas eletrônicas" and "Aprendendo com a plaforma Scratch".
Regionalização como garantia de acesso aos serviços de saúde: revisão integrativa de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Archangelo Junior, Antonio Flavio; Padilha, Roberto de Queiroz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2262980850254605; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1184768992177015
This research is about the regionalization strategy of the Unified Health System with regard to access to health services. When looking at regionalization and its aspects that converge to access, the research outlines reflections on this understanding and can contribute to a better understanding, or even, to motivate the production of new research. Through an integrative review of studies produced between 2015 and 2020, twelve articles were selected to analyze in which aspects regionalization converged (or not) with access. Under this lens, central axes such as direct to health, financing and territorial organization were detected, detecting the existence of assertive gaps in how regionalization is related to access. Within the character of application in professional practice, it is concluded that the change of focus depends on the adoption of a new paradigm that involves a process of “empowered regionalization” that is transparent and collaborative between all the actors involved.
Caminhos, encontros e enunciados de Belén de Sárraga na América Latina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Lotúmolo Junior, José; Martínez, Marta Pagán; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7522593438014023; Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0491107537964268
Belén de Sárraga was a Spanish writer and lecturer who was born in Valladolid in 1873 and died in México in 1950. She was one of the most important representatives of the Free-Thinking movement. She visited several countries such as Brazil where she stayed for four times in 1910, 1911, 1919, and 1931, lecturing in several cities in the interior of São Paulo State. In São Carlos city, in 1911, Belén de Sárraga delivered four lectures and became the president of a meeting for the foundation of “União dos Livres Pensadores”. This research analysed one of her lectures “Trayectorias Humanas” in Santiago, Chile in 1913. The methodological procedure was based on the Discourse Analyses of the French line, especially on the theoretical bases presented by Eni. P. Orlandi, José Fiorin, Mikhail Bakhtin, Valentin Volóchinov, and Michel Foucault, with focus on aspects of the authorship, history, and ideology present in her lecture. Currently, she is not known, so this work also presents a brief biographical report of Belén and a brief description of her trips around Brazil. Moreover, there is a short description of the movement called Free-Thinking, between the beginning of the French Revolution and the end of the XIX century. There are also introduced some reflections on the idea of Liberty since Antique Greece until the current days as demonstration of the understanding of the idea of Liberty. In conclusion, the results on the analyses of some parts of the lecture “Trayectorias Humanas” are presented outlining the authorship, history, and ideology of the lecture. The analysis performed on the lecture by Belén de Sárraga permits us to confirm that her messages were synchronized with the Free-Thinking movement and the main lines of her personal life.
Avaliação in vitro da ação fotodinâmica antimicrobiana e antitumoral do complexo cis-[Ru(phen)2(pPDIp)]2+
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Tiburcio, Marco Antonio; Carlos, Rose Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1589143355309943; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0990167626370741
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) activates a photosensitizer by visible or infrared light to generate cytotoxic oxygen species that lead to cell death. PDT is generally used in applications in superficial lesions and can be used both in the treatment of skin cancer and in infections caused by microorganisms. Skin cancer can be distinguished into melanoma and non-melanoma, both of which affect several layers of the dermis, and melanoma cancer is more aggressive because it can metastasize and affect other organs. From infections caused by fungi, sporotrichosis and candidosis are considered a public health problem in Brazil. Sporotrichosis is caused by fungi of the pathogenic Sporothrix clade and is characterized by the formation of wounds on the skin, which is also a characteristic of infections caused by Candida species. This study investigates the photosensitizing efficiency of the Ru(phen)2(pPDIp)(PF6)2 complex, RupPDIp, against Sporothrix brasiliensis and Candida albicans. And also, against human melanoma cells (A375) and melanocytes (NGM). To assess the antimicrobial photodynamic action, the RupPDIp complex was tested with irradiation at 450 nm (blue light - 36 J/cm²) and 525 nm (green light - 25.2 J/cm²) in the concentration range of 0.05-20 µM. Control groups were performed in the absence/presence of RupPDIp and irradiation and compared by cell count. For tests on human melanocyte and melanoma cells, a light source at 415 nm (blue light) was used, delivering doses of 1.76 J/cm² and 2.12 J/cm². The viability of cells after PDT was revealed by the MTT method and compared with control groups containing the photosensitizer in the absence of irradiation. Under blue light irradiation (450 nm), the complex was able to completely inhibit the growth of S. brasiliensis with concentrations <5.0 μM. When irradiated in green light (525 nm) showed better results, completely inhibiting the growth of S. brasiliensis with concentrations <0.5 μM. For C. albicans, the concentration required for total fungal inhibition was 0.5 μM at 450 nm and 0.05 μM at 525 nm. It also proved to be a good photosensitizer against melanoma cells, presenting IC50 = 1.3 μM and for melanocyte cells it presents IC50 = 10 μM when a dose of 2.12 J/cm² was delivered. The RupPDIp complex has a good photodynamic action on melanoma cells, without showing excessive damage to healthy melanocyte cells. It is also a promising photosensitizer against microorganisms, completely eliminating colonies of S. brasiliensis and C. albicans at different wavelengths.
As representações semióticas no estudo de inequações no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Queiroz, Diego da Silva; Oliveira, Paulo César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516513469811353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3828595838017409
This Masters dissertation aimed to analyze the performance of students in a class of the 1st grade of High School when approaching the mathematical object inequality of the 1st degree in a teaching-learning process based on the multiplicity of records of semiotic representation. The qualitative research had its methodological path traced in a remote teaching context, involving the analysis of written records and interviews with students, involved with the resolution of proposed tasks. The analysis of the production of information generated with the students had the purpose of answering the following research question: what are the implications for the teaching-learning process of the 1st grade inequality mathematical object when working with the conversion of semiotic representation in a class of 1st grade of high school? As a result of research, we highlight the importance of working with multiple records of semiotic representation, despite the little interaction and written production of students in the context of remote teaching, we observe advances in learning, from the analysis of the mobilization and coordination of semiotic representations between records. The analysis of the conversion activity of semiotic representations showed us the need to invest in mathematics classes, in the process of communication through mathematical language, both at oral and written level, so that students build meanings about the concept of inequality. We also highlight the fact that there are few researches addressing the theory of records of semiotic representation in the teaching-learning process involving students of the final years of elementary and high school, in the study of inequality, which constitutes a fertile ground for further investigations.
Equilíbrio de fases e propriedades mecânicas da liga de elemento multiprincipal Cr40Co40Ni20
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Bertoli, Gustavo; Coury, Francisco Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8609825406277730; Kiminami, Claudio Shyinti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5443002033733395; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1228687595087909
In the pursuit for materials with improved performance, multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) attract the interest of the scientific community, due to their large composition space. Some Cr-Co-Ni alloys stand out with excellent toughness values, among the toughest materials ever made. The notorious mechanical behavior of these alloys is mainly ascribed to the occurrence of twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) and/or transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP). The present work studied the phase equilibria and mechanical properties of the Cr40Co40Ni20 MPEA, such composition was selected because it is located in a transition region between TWIP alloys and TRIP alloys of the Cr-Co-Ni system. In this work, thermodynamic calculations using the CALPHAD method predicted the formation of a sigma phase, which is often undesirable. Experimentally, the sigma phase could be completely suppressed by kinetic factors, so the alloy presented a matrix with face-centered cubic (FCC) structure, annealing twins, and a second phase: possibly 9R phase and/or cooling-induced hexagonal close-packed (HCP) martensitic phase. These structures with fine morphology provided interface hardening, which contributed to the high intrinsic yield strength (σ0) of 299 MPa, obtained by a Hall-Petch study in tensile tests. The alloy also showed an efficient grain refining strengthening of 667 MPa/µm-0.5 and optimal combinations of mechanical strength and ductility, in addition to high toughness. The explanation for this performance is the high work hardening capacity, mainly ascribed to TRIP and possibly TWIP. In dry-sliding wear tests against alumina pins, the alloy exhibited good wear resistance and a low coefficient of friction (CoF) of 0.12. The present results further evidence the high potential of Cr-Co-Ni alloys, particularly the studied composition, in applications which this set of properties is necessary.
O empreendedorismo e suas características comportamentais: uma análise da percepção da atitude empreendedora em teses publicadas no Brasil de 2007 a 2019
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Zambon, Sueli Aparecida; Morassutti, Mara Silvia Aparecida Nucci; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7648642223145972; Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6782333667763612
Studies on the subject of entrepreneurship continue to be one of the great challenges of this century, even in the current scenario of high scientific and technological development. Although research points to common traits or similar characteristics in entrepreneurs, there isn’t still a clear set of these characteristics that are applicable to all entrepreneurs. Considering that entrepreneurship, although understood as a desire to build their own business, also has in its meaning the achievement of the individual, either as an employee or as an employer, the present research had as general purpose to identify the relationship between the dimensions and characteristics of the entrepreneurial attitude based on the views and perceptions of researchers in theses defended between 2007-2019 in Brazil. Specific purposes included: (i) to present the concepts of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial attitudes, (ii) to provide a historical retrospective of the development of entrepreneurship as an intellectual field, (iii) to do an overview of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial attitudes responsible for accelerating individual personal and professional growth, (iv) identifying skills that reinforce the journey of self-knowledge and training, (v) present an analysis of theses published in the period 2007-2019, whose main theme was entrepreneurship and the understanding of entrepreneurial attitudes in the understanding of researchers, in order to identify entrepreneurial attitudes, (vi) map and compare the results of the analyzes on entrepreneurial activities published in the academic sphere in the period of 2007-2019, and present trends in the theme as a field of study and possible applications. The methodology that was used was composed of: (i) a bibliographical review of the literature in order to advance the knowledge about the state of the art regarding the researched topic with approaches from administrators, sociologists, philosophers and modern and contemporary sociologists, as well as articles, dissertations, thesis, newspapers, etc. that helped in the process of understanding the relevance of entrepreneurial attitudes as an important development of entrepreneurship spirit; (ii) the selection of theses through a systematic review and construction of summary tables for a detailed investigation; (iii) an exploratory descriptive analysis of the data through the construction of a Dendrogram representative of the grouping of words with the highest incidence, the construction of word clouds to facilitate the visualization of the results and tables indicating the percentages found. The results showed that both national and international literature associate entrepreneurship with the achievement of the individual, revealing a purpose that goes beyond the need for financial profit in the concern to raise the levels of motivation, autonomy and empathy with self and society's interests. It was observed that the theses, in the perspective of their authors, present the idea that entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial attitude are merely directed towards starting a company, remaining the need to explore other concepts that may be appropriate for an entrepreneurial education. In order to increase the visibility of the problems still present in entrepreneurial education, this thesis points out suggestions that meet these needs.
Equação da onda unidimensional e bidimensional: um estudo das soluções analíticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Nascimento, Luciana Marsola do; Venezuela, Antonio Luís; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4340380728302482
Waves are disturbances in a medium, which move or propagate themselves in space, transporting energy from one point to another. They can be: mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves or matter waves. The theme involving waves is of great importance in the modern world, being present in civil construction, diagnostic medicine, geology, communications, music, among other areas. In the example of the music industry, the control of musical waves has a great influence on its economic growth. The analysis of the relationship between the materials that musical instruments are made and how the sound waves produced by these instruments behave provides the possibility of generating sounds with better quality. The basis of those analyzes is the behavior of the sound waves produced. In this sense, the study of waves is of great importance to obtain the best musical quality, in the same way, if we analyze other areas where the waves are present, we will reach the same conclusion regarding their importance. Considering these facts, this master's dissertation aims to bring the study of the Wave Equation starting from basic knowledge, indispensable to anyone wishing to develop the study of the analytical solutions of this equation. Therefore, this work studies the techniques of analytical solution of the One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Wave Equation, starting with the modeling of the Wave Equation performed from the application of Newton's law. After this modeling, it addresses some prerequisites for the resolution of the Wave Equation, the definition of EDP, some of its classifications, and then the resolutions are described by the Separation of Variables and Classical Integral Transform Technique methods. Finally, analyzes of the One-Dimensional Wave Equation model are performed based on the use of graphs and some considerations about the Two-Dimensional Wave Equation.
Tratamento do movimento oscilatório utilizando o ensino híbrido: uma proposta para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Toledo Júnior, Laércio Fermino de; Souza, James Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0057926787344329
The world has been going through great transformations caused by the intense technological advance, referred now as World 4.0 and, mainly, by the pandemic of the Coronavirus Desease (COVID-19). Social withdrawal makes us rethink the role of being a teacher and how to teach Physics. On the other hand, we have students called “digital natives” who are fully inserted in the technologies that the World 4.0 provides. In this work we use the station rotation blended learning model to introduce oscillatory motion in High School. Owing the COVID-19 pandemic, we had to adapt the proposal for completely remote learning using online tools, such as the Google Forms and Digital Information and Communication Technology (DICT) combined with experimentation, as a possibility of meaningful learning. Our educational product consists of three stations, where in the first we explore the motion of a simple pendulum using a simulator of the PhET platform. In the second station we theoretically analyze the motion of an ideal pendulum to obtain a mathematical expression that allowed us to determine the local gravity and in the third station we explore an experimental activity in which the student assembled his own pendulum with low-cost materials and analyzed its movement through video analysis with the Tracker software. Our main objective at the third station was to make the student verify that the real system is described by a damped motion, due to energy dissipation, to compare the results obtained with the theoretical model studied for the ideal case, in which a simple harmonic motion is observed. The proposal was applied to a total of 60 high school students from two different schools, in four classes lasting fifty minutes each. Before presenting the stations to the students, they answered a diagnostic questionnaire for the teacher mapping their prior knowledge regarding the topic discussed and give a better direction to the work. The application of the educational product ended with an opinion questionnaire asking for information about the methodology used. The proposal was very well received by the students and the methodology was very useful for us to work satisfactorily on the proposed theme, relating Physics to the students' daily lives, and to work skills and abilities through the use of software, videos, experiments, writing and group working, even in a completely remote context.
Avaliação de processo em secador solar direto assistido por módulo fotovoltaico: aplicação para secagem de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Hidalgo, Letícia Ferraresi; Vieira, Gustavo Nakamura Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1342880297913111; Freire, José Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4298672792351410
Among the thermal sources that can be used for drying food, solar energy has as its main advantage being abundant, renewable and not monopolized. The simultaneous use of solar radiation and forced convection air drying can benefit the process. For this purpose, simple and low-power fans, powered by a photovoltaic module, provide the equipment with self-sufficient energy operation. Known as direct solar dryer assisted by photovoltaic module, its configuration is resistant to use in the field, practical for locomotion and capable of processing food on a small scale by family farmers. This dryer was built, instrumented and is fully operational with the possibility of being operated with natural or forced drying air convection. In both operating conditions, the dryer was tested in April and evaluated for the drying of green onions (Allium schoenoprasium L.) in May and June (autumn), September (winter) and October (spring) of 2019. Moisture and colorimetric parameters were monitored, since they are related to quality criteria of the dehydrated product and acceptance by the final consumer. The Page and Overhults equations best described the drying curves that occurred at a falling rate with 𝑅² greater than 0.900. The experiments with forced convection in May and natural convection in June performed better each month. These results may be related to climatic conditions, since there was no control of the internal temperature. Drying experiments in September did not show satisfactory performance due to the instability of solar radiation and air conditions with high humidity and low temperature. After sampling improvements, a constant rate period was observed followed by the falling rate period, during drying experiments in October. The forced convection experiment showed a higher rate in both periods. During drying at a constant rate, external mechanisms may have controlled the process, since the average values of the bed temperature and solar radiation flow were similar for both operating conditions. For the falling rate period, the effective diffusivity values of the bed were 5.02 x 10-9 m²/s and 1.17 x 10-8 m²/s for drying with natural and forced convection runs. In the same sequence, the average efficiencies of the solar dryer were 34.2 % and 38.3 % and the specific energy consumption was 18.3 kWh/kg and 16.4 kWh/kg. Little color variation was observed between fresh and dried chives in the two operating conditions, which is consistent with the need to maintain the green tint of the material.
Orientação espacial em exoesqueletos de membros inferiores utilizando filtros Markovianos espaciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Albuquerque, Patricia Raiana; Nogueira, Samuel Lourenço; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2287847504423307; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4564588606545503
Studies of methodologies to obtain data on movements of the human body that involve losses of functional motor capacities due to neurological diseases, have aroused the inte- rest of several researchers to assist in the analysis of human movements. Among several methodologies, those involving the use of inerable sensors have become viable due to the low cost in relation to the systems optical reference. As a result of the use of inerable sensors, it is necessary to establish strategies that outsmart the sensitivity to inherent disturbances and errors these devices.In previous studies of this research group, angular estimates were made in the sagittal plane. In this work, the complementary fusion of the inerable sensors established by a Markovian system will be used to find the most suita- ble sensor every instant in conjunction with a Kalman filter to compensate for gyroscope deviation errors , but in three-dimensional space for absolute angles.In this context, a spa- tial orientation estimation system was developed in exoskeletons that minimized errors compared to a system optical reference. The results obtained in the work allowed com- pliance with the proposed requirements of the Markovian system to be validated based on a system optical reference.
Fatores relacionados ao índice de vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional de idosos em seguimento ambulatorial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Barbosa, Gustavo Carrijo; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3469213150358215
Introduction: The current scenario in our country shows the growth of the elderly population concomitantly with the increase in the rate of chronic diseases, number of hospitalizations and decline in physical and cognitive abilities. In this sense, the great challenge that is established for health systems is comprehensive care for the elderly user, where Outpatient Care in Gerontology emerges as an effective health strategy in the face of population aging which results in the transition of health status. Objective: To characterize the sociodemographic and health profile of elderly people followed at the Gerontology Outpatient Clinic of HU-UFSCar and to verify the factors related to their Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index. Method: This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study, conducted with individuals 60 years of age or older, seen at the respective outpatient clinic. Data collection occurred through the application of a protocol containing: characterization, assessment of frailty by the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index (CFVI-20), cognitive performance by the 10-Point Cognitive Screener, the degree of dependence on basic activities by the Katz Scale and instrumental activities by the Lawton Scale and evaluation of depressive symptoms by the Geriatric Depression Scale. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to verify the relationship between clinical-functional vulnerability and sociodemographic and health variables. Results: The sample consisted of 50 individuals with a mean age of 79.4 (±9.4) years, of which 70.0% represented women. There was a predominance of widower and average of 3.4 (±3.5) years of schooling. Regarding health, the mean was 3.8 (±2.1) morbidities and 6.1 (±4.4) medications for daily use. Most of the elderly were considered frail, with severe cognitive impairment, a certain degree of dependence on basic and instrumental activities of daily life and absence of depressive symptoms. The statistical analysis showed a moderate correlation between clinical and functional vulnerability and the following variables: age (r=0,380; p=0,006), number of morbidities (r=0,433; p=0,002), number of medications (r=0,514; p=0,000), cognitive function (r=-0,540; p=0,000) and dependence on basic (r=-0,481; p=0,000) and instrumental (r=-0,460; p=0,001) activities of daily living. Conclusions: The sample profile showed a predominance of women, with low schooling, absence of spouse, presence of comorbidities and polypharmacy, factors that may favor higher rates of clinical and functional vulnerability. The correlations observed between CFVI-20 and age, number of morbidities and medications, cognitive performance, and dependence on activities of daily living raise reflections about possible strategies for remission of these aspects, such as adequate control of chronic diseases, prevention of cognitive deficits, encouraging the practice of physical activities and collaboration of family members and caregivers to promote the autonomy of the elderly. The results support the establishment of indicators to improve the monitoring and the planning of actions focused on the outpatient context, enabling the organization of intervention priorities and the creation of preventive measures.
A encruzilhada e as possibilidades do protagonismo da juventude negra: o caso do Slam da Guilhermina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Melo, Carolina Nascimento de; Silvério, Valter Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6388273288566422
The porpuse of this text is to present and analyze the protagonism f black Youth based on processes triggered by culture. For this, I will use the concepto of the circuit of culture (DU GAY et al., 1997) to understand the different processes articulated in the slam culture movement, specifically the Slam da Guilhermina, in which it is possible to observe this protagonism. Here, a historical description of black social and cultural movements will be presented; what has already been produced in the academy about slams; the biography of the slams, delving into the Slam da Guilhermina.
Contribuições de Paulo Freire e Walter Benjamin para uma análise do ensino de língua portuguesa no Currículo Paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-19) Abitante, Aldo; Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9547994953973971
The present work is a review about what is firmed in the Paulista Curriculum, it’s trying to realise the alienation of the word category and its linguistic prejudice, from the construction made based on Paulo Freire’s and Walter Benjamin’s theoretical reference – and also from some linguists who discuss the linguistic prejudice and the emancipatory practices of mother tongue teaching from Bagno’s, Brito’s, Geraldi’s, Lucchesi’s, Possenti’s, Rodrigues’ and Soares’ works. From the Benjamin's contributions to the word as authentic experience as well as Freire’s about the limit situation and education as dialogical praxis, make this question: how does the political-pedagogical proposal of São Paulo Curriculum for the teaching of Portuguese language hinder or favor the pronunciation of the authentic word by teachers and students? The study takes place through a qualitative research of documentary analysis, elaborated from the perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis to interpret its social context, the meanings and senses that it builds on the teaching of Portuguese language in its text. From what was raised in the study, it was understood that, despite the approximation of an enunciative-discursive theoretical basis, the current São Paulo Curriculum moves away from a critical emancipatory perspective of education, in the sense of facing neither the limit situations that alienate the word as an authentic experience, nor structural issues that fall on linguistic prejudice.