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Mecanismos de Transferência de Tecnologia previstos pela Lei de Inovação e sua adoção pelas universidades federais brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Spinola, Adriana Tahereh Pereira; Bueno, Alexandre; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6407503018881551; Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0767710394930118; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8238548827929076
Technological innovation performs a central role in the current knowledge economy. A way of speeding-up the innovation process is through Tech Transferring (TT) from Scientific and Technological Institutions (STI) to enterprises. As the Innovation Law was promulgated in 2004, the Brazilian government has been attempting to create a regulatory environment suited to innovation. These actions have promoted an enhancement on the scientific and technological production levels, particularly within public universities. The most prominent legal advances are, however, relatively new and no significant studies on its influence on the overall TT of STI-enterprises results have been documented so far. Hence, the present research aimed to identify the STI-enterprises’ tech transfer mechanisms embodied in the Innovation Law over the 2004-2019 time period, and study its adoption by the Brazilian federal universities. An information gathering from their Technology Transfer Offices (TTO) was then attained through an e-Sic questionnaire. Also, a deep research on the Innovation Law’s changes over time was conducted in order to identify the TT mechanisms it allows. A group of indicators concerning the TTO’s structure, the of innovation policies deployment, patenting and licensing activities, and, particularly, the federal universities’ appropriation of the TT mechanisms allowed by law. A total of 25 TT mechanisms present in the Innovation Law were then identified. Also, the overall results have also unveiled traces of an important growth of the patenting and patent licensing over time. Despite these advances, deep inequalities among the TTO regarding their TT performance were observed. A significant number of universities didn’t even presented any TT result over the time period studied. Researches like this one are of great interest once they broaden out the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the TT of STI-enterprises, at the same time they can support the strategic decision making process of the government, the enterprises and the universities on behalf of technological innovation ever growing results that can benefit the Brazilian society.
A Capoeira entre os fundamentos e movimentos de criação: um estudo sobre cultura, gênero e sexualidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Caciatori, Eduarda Gava; Ambrózio, Aldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0680232021190747; Ferreira, Dulcinéia de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339578170693084; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312306627246955
This research followed and mapped two experiences of Contemporary Capoeira in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, seeking to identify the displacements in its current dynamics, highlighting their foundations and following the ongoing transformation and creation movements - taking questions relating to gender relations and sexualities, but also considering ethnic-racial and class markers. One of the spaces is the Centro de Referência LGBT de Campinas/SP, where Capoeira classes are held for the LGBTQIA + community, taught by Professor Luiz Otávio, Puma Camillê; the other space is the Capoeira academy “Cordão de Ouro Tatuí”, coordinated by Meriele, Professor Pepê, in the city of Tatuí/SP. Capoeira is a traditional popular manifestation that proposes to be bound to its essence and to preserve it, so, how do these processes of changes and resignifications occur? The aim of this research was to identify how this dialogue between preserving and creating in traditional popular culture happens, especially in these two specific Capoeira experiences. The research was based on the cartographic perspective and aimed to draw the route and record the ways in which these displacements are happening. It also sought to point out and discuss the relationship between Capoeira and popular education, highlighting the emancipatory potential of these practices.
A Educação Especial no estado de São Paulo no contexto da primeira república: uma análise da construção histórica dos alunos anormais e das propostas pedagógicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Oliveira, Isabelle Karolline Chaves de; Coutinho, Luciana Cristina Salvatti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2688318704089723; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7588235846223203
In this work, we set out to investigate how, the historical construction of the “abnormal” student and the pedagogical proposals aimed at this student profile in the context of the First Republic, having a central role in this process, the republican education project, expressed in the model of School Groups, as a civilizing landmark for a modern society. This research is structured and develops from three chapters. In the first chapter, we bring the reader an initial overview, contextualizing about the modernization of Brazilian society, which unfolded during the First Republic, about its political, cultural, economic aspect and the issue of education, highlighting the civilizing project of school groups, since the republican ideal, which places education as a redemptor of social problems, the school model and its representation as the motto of the republic. The second chapter discusses the historical production of the “abnormal” student, from the historical understanding with the advent of modernity and capitalist society, as well as that same issue in the Brazilian reality, the theories and proposals formulated by some important intellectuals used as a reference by the Instruction Pública Paulista in the first Republic linked to inequality and what education was thought for this project in the new modern society, bringing up the issue of the poor student and the handicapped. In this sense, the last chapter brings the documentary analysis of the yearbooks of public education in São Paulo between 1907-1926 and the document of the medical inspection of 1917, in order to analyze the pedagogical proposals thought by the directors and inspectors of public education, for those who did not attend to the expectations created for modern education, since the creation of school groups, the concept of school and education and those that should be considered unfit for the new society and, therefore, should be adjusted to the needs of the market.
A função neurocardiovascular e a associação com diferentes componentes da capacidade física na exacerbação da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Schafauser, Nathany Souza; Roscani, Meliza Goi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1298051150234135; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5075933151971198
Introduction: Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) present impairment of the neuro-cardiovascular system with a high risk for cardiovascular events, in addition to impairments in physical-functional capacity, both of which are potentially aggravated by periods of exacerbation of the disease (AECOPD). However, there is still no broad knowledge about the association of neuro-cardiovascular function with different parameters of physical capacity, which can be valuable and a precursor to strategies aimed at improving physical capacity with consequent potential for cardiovascular health. Objective: to investigate neuro-cardiovascular function and its association with different components of patients' physical capacity during acute COPD exacerbation. Methodology: Observational and cross-sectional study with the study population consisting of 50 patients with a diagnosis of COPD in exacerbation. The assessment of neuro-cardiovascular function included 1. Evaluation of endothelial function by brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), 2. Hemodynamic evaluation by analysis of pulse wave and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and 3. Evaluation of cardiac neuroautonomic modulation by frequency variability heart rate (HRV). The assessment of physical capacity included: 1. Walking capacity by the six-minute walk test (6MCW), 2. Handgrip strength and 3. Quadriceps peripheral muscle strength. Results: All parameters of physical capacity (walking ability, quadriceps strength and handgrip) showed a positive association with endothelial function (FMD%) (r=0.37, p=0.01; r=0.44, p<0.01 and r=0.31, p=0.03 respectively) and with the LF sympathetic index of HRV (r=0.31, p=0.05; r=0.37, p=0.31 and r=0,55, p<0.01 respectively). Arterial stiffness (cfPWV) was negatively associated with walking (r=-0.50, p<0.01) and peripheral muscle strength (r=-0.57, p<0.01). In addition, multiple regression analysis revealed peripheral quadriceps muscle strength and age as independent predictors of endothelial function (adjusted R2=0.19; F=4.47; p=0.008) and arterial stiffness (adjusted R2 = 0,35; F=5.86, p=0.004). Conclusion: Physical capacity through its different parameters (walking ability, quadriceps muscle strength and handgrip strength) is associated with endothelial, cardiac neuro-autonomic function and arterial stiffness in patients during severe COPD exacerbation. The greater peripheral muscle strength of the quadriceps is an independent predictor of better endothelial function and arterial stiffness. This study reinforces the need for integrative care in the management of patients with COPD exacerbated with a view to cardiovascular health and physical-functional capacity.
Efeito da microadição de oxigênio na estabilidade microestrutural da liga Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4,6Zr processada via deformação plástica severa e envelhecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Silva, Murillo Romero da; Gargarella, Piter; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916; Bolfarini, Claudemiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7741315791368505
Gum Metal corresponds to a family of β-Ti alloys that are currently receiving great attention due to its outstanding properties such as low elastic modulus, superelasticity, and high tensile strength. These alloys show only β-stabilizing, non-toxic, and biocompatible alloying elements. For the production of Gum Metal, it is recommended the addition of oxygen that is not tightly defined in the literature, as well as an accentuated cold work, which is usually obtained by cold rolling or swaging. The present work proposed to produce Gum Metal Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr-xO (wt.%) with three different oxygen contents (700, 2200, and 4600 ppm) by an alternative processing route composed of rotary forging and severe plastic deformation (SPD) by HPT. Also, the work proposes to investigate alloy behavior during aging. This thesis aimed to find a microstructural condition that provides high mechanical strength while maintaining the Gum Metal typical low elastic modulus. The processed alloy in this work had its microstructure, mechanical, thermal, and physical properties investigated. An increase in β-phase stability, to the detriment of αʺ, as well as in the mechanical properties was observed with the combined effect of oxygen addition, HPT processing, and aging. The increase in mechanical properties was attributed to the microstructural refinement, with a grain size up to 50 nm, and to the high dislocation density, both obtained after SPD, and to the formation of finely dispersed precipitates in the β-matrix after aging. Microhardness of approximately 400 HV was obtained for samples in two different combinations of processing and oxygen level. The elastic modulus did not change significantly for the different oxygen levels, obtaining values between 58 to 70 GPa. The typical properties of Gum Metal were achieved in the present thesis, which is related to the deformation mechanisms such as slip, twinning, transformation-induced martensite as well as reverse martensitic transformation.
Estudo do desempenho de poliamina sobre a desestabilização de suspensões coloidais ricas em ferro e sílica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Segantini, Katiane; Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240296030025257
The purpose of this Professional Master's project was to study the performance of polyamine on the destabilization of iron ore tailings suspensions, which are considered colloidal suspensions rich in iron and silica to improve the coagulation of the tailings thickening process. Optimizing and improving the thickening process allows you to recover a greater volume of water for the mine, decreasing the volume of water to be sent to tailings dams. For this study, a type of polyamine was chosen to be an auxiliary coagulant to the commonly used anionic polyelectrolyte, which is anionic polyacrylamide. The performance study was carried out in the tailing suspension in distilled water, thus simulating a colloidal suspension found in the iron ore tailings thickening processes. The waste was characterized using the X-ray dispersive energy (EDXRF) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). To evaluate the interactions between the polyamine and the colloidal suspension of ore tailings, a study of the residual turbidity was performed using a nephelometric turbidimeter, Zeta potential (ζ), determination of the total elementary residuals by induced plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP -OES) and particle size determination by laser diffraction (LALLS). During the study project, the polyamine was characterized to identify the determination of molecular weight by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), solid content and Brookfield viscosity. The study concluded that the polyamine acts as an excellent destabilizer through the neutralization of electrostatic effects, improving the efficiency of removing turbidity at levels of 10 NTU.
Atuação docente no atendimento pedagógico domiciliar em casas de apoio para alunos em tratamento de saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Ziotti, Mariana Coimbra; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602538509339174
Home Pedagogical Care (HPC) represents a right to educational care, which is guaranteed by law, since illness may have a transitory or permanent character. For sick children and teenagers, it is possible to carry out the HPC, which consists of pedagogical assistance that takes place in the home environment for the student who, due to a health problem, is unable to go to school. The present study had as general objective to analyze the performance of the teacher who performs the HPC in support houses for students in health treatment. The specific objectives were to: (a) Identify existing support homes in the state of São Paulo and verify which ones offer HPC; (b) Describe the organization and functioning of this type of care provided in support homes for students undergoing health treatment and (c) Analyze the pedagogical practices developed by teachers in the context of HPC in support homes for students undergoing health treatment. Two research stages were carried out. In the first, an exploratory study was carried out and the support homes for students undergoing health treatment in the state of São Paulo were mapped in order to identify which ones offered the HPC or other ways of monitoring the schooling process of these children and / or teenagers, as well as to identify if there was an expectation of offering this service, if the support home did not offer it. In this stage, the data were analyzed in thematic analysis. In the second stage of the research, a case study was performed with the teachers who worked in the HPC in this space. For this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with these professionals and observations were made of the pedagogical practices, in loco, of one of the homes to understand how the teacher performed the class, how teacher prepared the teaching environment, which pedagogical resources were used, how they record the activities, how is the moment when the teacher arrives at the support home to organize the class, among others that were recorded in a field diary. Data analysis were based on data triangulation. The results of stage one demonstrated that there are three support homes in the state of São Paulo that offer HPC and that in some institutions that do not offer this service, school-age patients attend regular school or hospital classes. The results of step two pointed out the specificities of the teaching performance in the HPC and highlighted how much this service is necessary both to maintain the link with the students' home school, and to provide the quality schooling process for the sick children and teenagers who are staying in support homes.
Percepção de atores sociais e análise de políticas públicas locais visando a provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Fernandes, Jamily da Silva; Sais, Adriana Cavalieri; Borsatto, Ricardo Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0115095851353833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933; Oliveira, Renata Evangelista de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6777223792862756; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280723474650567
Landscape changes have been often characterized by bad land use planning and ecosystem management, highlighting the need for strategies that maintain or restore services and generate benefits for human well-being and environmental quality. This research aimed the evaluation of two interrelated and complementary municipal programs in Louveira, SP: the first (Municipal Fruit Growing Incentive Program - PROMIF), focuses on good practices in land use and strengthening family farming, and the second (Louveira Environmental Services Payment Program - PSAL) focuses on payment for environmental services, linked to forest restoration in areas of public water supply. Thus, we sought to: (i) analyze the relationship of these programs with the agenda of sustainability and ecosystem services, (ii) analyze their relationship with land use in Louveira, (iii) analyze the perception of farmers in relation to forest restoration and its association with ecosystem services, (iv) evaluate the participation and engagement of farmers in the process of implementing both programs, (v) analyze the perception of different social actors about these two public policies and understand their expectations, (vi) identify the main factors that influence their operational environment, limiting or fostering their effectiveness. For this, we collected primary and secondary data, and adopetd a series of different strategies: presence and participation of the research team in meetings and events about the programs, consultations on public documents and dialogues with the municipal secretariats responsible for them, application of questionnaires, focal groups and semi-structured interviews. We found that PROMIF and PSAL are causally related to the sustainability agenda, recognizing the role of rural landscapes in promoting local development and providing for actions aimed at the provision of ecosystem services. Farmers recognize the importance of forests for the provision of these services, especially the protection of water resources. However, their participation has been limited only to the condition of beneficiaries, without involvement in decision-making processes. From a SWOT analysis, two factors were considered by the interviewed actors as threats to the permanency of the programs: dependence on political decisions and financial sources to fund them. The main strengths identified in the statements were the practice of sustainability, through good practices, environmental concern by the farmers, and the payment of subsidies to them. All weaknesses and some threats refer to gaps in farmers' participation and understanding of the programs. It was concluded that decision makers need to seek more alternatives to bring farmers closer to the programs, making them more than mere recipients of the developed actions. Therefore, even with the subsidies granted, farmers still have an impasse to balance environmental issues - through the maintenance or inclusion of the tree and forestry component in the properties - and the economic and productive needs.
A percepção dos agentes prisionais sobre a expansão do PCC no sistema prisional do interior de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-24) Macacari, Otávio; Motta, Luana Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1042165629261102; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2888802662338101
This research aims to understand how state agents involved in prison system activities perceive the expansion of the First Command of the Capital (PCC) in prisons of São Paulo's inland cities. In dialogue with discussions on mass incarceration, the interiorization of prisons, and criminal organizations, I analyzed semi-structured interviews conducted with police officers, prison directors, and correctional officers. Through this investigation, I argue for the convergence between the bibliographic contribution and the perspective of those who experience the daily reality of prisons. Furthermore, it was possible to explore the existence of a gap between the law and its practical implementation, as many of the agents reported living a reality that goes beyond what is prescribed in the norms.