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O contexto da gestão da inovação conforme o marco legal de ciência, tecnologia e inovação: as universidades, as patentes e um ambiente promotor de inovação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Verzola, Sabrina Carvalho; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2741060362395149
The management of technological innovation is premised on the performance of the State based on Science, Technology and Innovation policy in accordance with specific legislation in Brazil, which establishes the various legal instruments to drive and foster scientific, technological and innovation development. Consequently, public universities are the protagonists with regard to scientific production and patent filings, indicators that make up the spectrum of innovation as a dynamic and productive system to meet social demands and local and regional development. However, there is still the challenge of cooperation between the public and private sectors in the country, a factor that does not favour competitiveness and socioeconomic asymmetry in the country. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to analyse the context of the institutionalisation of innovation according to the Legal Framework for Science, Technology and Innovation, and to present the Supera Innovation and Technology Park of Ribeirão Preto, located in the state of São Paulo, as a concrete case for the integration between the State, Universities, companies and society according to local factors and technological aptitude. In addition, this research establishes the relevance of the role of the State and Municipality for the institution and formulation of innovation policies for the creation of favourable environments for innovation. To that end, the thesis consists of an interdisciplinary and exploratory qualitative research through the application of document and bibliographic analysis methods and field study based on the legal and theoretical foundation for the respective contextualisation of the Supera Scientific and Technological Park in Ribeirão Preto, as an instrument for the creation of favourable environments for innovation and an alternative for the reduction of socioeconomic inequalities. It is worth highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of the Science, Technology and Society field for the application of the Legal Framework for Science, Technology and Innovation and for Legal Sciences for the purpose of effective integration and the democratic participation of society. The intention is to underpin the discussion pertinent to solutions for social demands in addition to legal mechanisms relevant to the management of innovation, such as technological extension and social technology as a contribution from the Science, Technology and Society field.
Memórias docentes e Educação Infantil: diálogos com a formação de professores na cidade de Sorocaba - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Sewaybricker, Gabriela Maldonado; Fortunato, Ivan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8293044394759438; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6195548933036028
This research focuses on registering and understanding aspects of teacher’s education’s history for Childhood Education in the city of Sorocaba, São Paulo. We intend to build a dialogue about the differences and convergences between the realities of two centuries, promoting reflection about the following problems: How the factors of the past (20th century) influenced current context in Sorocaba’s Childhood Education, considering formation, practices and motivation for and from teachers? We use as reference author such as Ecléa Bosi (1994; 2003), Jacques Le Goff (1984; 1990; 2003), Peter Burke (2005; 2010; 2011), Tizuko Morshida Kishimoto (1986; 1999), Moysés Kuhlmann Júnior (2000; 2011) and support in Oral History, using as method the narrative interview, with the purpose of register teacher’s memories who are also protagonists of Education’s History. Seven teachers were interviewed with ages about 32 and 80 years old. The register of their memories contributes to the comprehension of some of the Childhood’ Education’ problematics in town, indicating possible solutions
"Se podes ver, repara": a (re)educação do olhar em cena
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Peres, Helga Caroline; Gomes, Luiz Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1570609498697528
This research is part of the investigations that focus on the link between cinematographic language and aesthetic formation. Specifically, we part from the critique of the way in which school education promoted by hegemonic school models appropriates cinema – demarcated, predominantly, by transforming movies into didactic objects that stand in the way of experience or, still, by maintaining fun and entertainment in line with semiformation - to investigate the character of a school formative proposition in tune with the aesthetic experience with cinematographic language and with a project of reeducation of the view. Our central objective is to explore and to understand the meanings of the aesthetic experience with cinema as pedagogical praxis. Our efforts are directed to the following question: could the appropriation of cinematographic language at school be re-signified in the direction of an aesthetic-cultural formation aimed to reeducation of the view? We consider the hypothesis that the reeducation of the view and the aesthetic experience, when seen as telos of a theoretical-critical formative orientation that aims to provide conditions for the critical-philosophical exercise around the cinematographic language, can only be read in the context of negativity - or, in other words, as a negative pedagogy of cinema. In order to embody the investigative process around it, we approach empirics based on the theoretical-methodological construct guided by Objective Hermeneutics, which then becomes the interpretive method of our data. We used the empirical reconstruction operated by this methodology to interpret the contradictions that emerge from what we named “pedagogical interventions”: didactic activities carried out by the researcher, in a classroom of the 5th year of Elementary School, in which students has watched five movies, which were later discussed collectively. The critical interpretation of the data from these interventions reveals that the experiences of the students with the presented movies were marked by a basic contradiction – which indicates that, at the same time that the reception of the movies presented strong marks of the model of the movie’s reception typical of entertainment, already consolidated by cultural industry, there was a kind of openness to experience and critical self-reflection, which to some extent come close to the senses of a deep and subjective experience mediated by fantasy and imagination. The interpretation of the data also reveals that didactic mediation, with regard to the experience with cinematographic language, becomes a decisive factor. Faced with this data, our thesis points to a negative pedagogy of cinema that remains open as a negative utopia, which can and must find a place on the margins, among the gaps that emerge from institutionalized pedagogy.
Assistência farmacêutica enquanto política pública no município de São Carlos-SP: um olhar a partir do campo CTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Chenchi, Luiz Henrique; Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1892228305258753
This thesis assumes that the practice of the actions of municipal pharmaceutical services is not articulated with the conception of public policies conquered to guarantee access and the rational use of medicines. The review of the historical trajectory of pharmaceutical services policies in Brazil indicated an attempt to change the conformation of the logistic arrangement, when the perspective of pharmaceutical care was instituted with the user, already established in other countries, as a right to comprehensive health care. The need to guarantee inputs and medicines for the country's care, especially in situations such as public health emergencies, as in the recent COVID-19 pandemic, waved to the importance of the pharmaceutical area in ensuring the biopsychosocial aspects. Several actions have been institutionalized by the Ministry of Health and other interconnected sectors, with investments and guidelines to set up pharmaceutical services management in all government spheres and levels of care of the Unified Health System. In São Carlos, in the state of São Paulo, observations and experiences have shown that many of these policies have not achieved their intended results. This study aimed to analyze the public policies for pharmaceutical assistance in this city, under the perception of its actors and the view of the Science, Technology and Society (STS) field, as a way to investigate the subjective meanings, little detected in this scenario. The qualitative health research method was used in two stages: the consultation of the information provided by the official website of the municipality and the fieldwork. As a data collection tool, it was used a semi-structured interview with twelve public service workers of municipal pharmacy, followed by a dialectical hermeneutic analysis. We obtained the approval of the Ethical Committee on Human Research of the Federal University of São Carlos for the survey. The results indicate that most participants are women and permanent employees of City Hall. Five categories of analysis emerged and were able to be visualized from a cloud of words with the corpus of interviews. Not much information was found on the official website, making the path of the citizen difficult. It emerged in this context the existence of deficient human resources, precarious physical structure, little polished computerized system, numerous demands, lack of orientation and care to the user, dissatisfaction with the way of working, delimitation in the adjustment programs, and not full adequacy to the norms imposed by the pandemic, causing risks to the workers and users. The Pharmacy and Therapeutics Commission and the Municipal List of Essential Medicines were achievements, with several pharmaceutical specialties, ensuring access to treatment for many health problems. They have also been ineffective as instruments for the rational use of medicinal products. The analysis reveals differences in the structure, organization, management, and practices of local pharmaceutical services concerning the guidelines that shape public policy in the region in Brazil. It is essential that the needs of the population have priority over political interests, and it is up to public managers to direct efforts towards this achievement. The configuration of the actors involved in a network, supported by multi-professional actions in primary care, participatory management in the system, and pharmaceutical care contribute to the strengthening and (re)orientation to an adequate practice, deconstructing the approach of pharmaceutical services, public policy as simple drug delivery, with activity planning, effective technical conducts, health education, defense of the integrality of assistance and the right to life.
Enriquecendo a previsão de séries temporais usando informação textual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Cruz, Lord Flaubert Steve Ataucuri; Silva, Diego Furtado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7662777934692986; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1425203651680429
The ability to extract knowledge and forecast stock trends is crucial to mitigate investors' risks and uncertainties in the market. The stock trend is affected by non-linearity, complexity, noise, and especially the surrounding events. External factors such as daily news became one of the investors' primary resources for making decisions about buying or selling assets. However, this kind of information appears very fast. There are thousands of news generated by numerous web sources, taking a long time to analyze them, which can cost millions of dollars losses for investors due to a late decision. Recent contextual language models have transformed the area of natural language processing. However, classification models that use news that influence stock values need to deal with the unlabeled, class imbalance, and dissimilar texts. Recent studies show that the prediction of time series substantially improves by considering external information. This work proposes a hybrid methodology with three phases, one for news mining, a model for representation compact features, and the forecast model of time series, which merge for a more accurate prediction of prices. Initially, a small corpus is built using as support the time series. After that, we label the corpus based on semi-supervised learning to assign labels to other unlabeled news. In the second phase, the mining model with a classifier is used, whose output is concatenated with time series features, so the compact model representation extracts new features in a latent space. Finally, we predicted future prices with this fused knowledge. In a case study with Bitcoin cryptocurrency, the proposed methodology achieved a 1.62% decrease in the mean absolute percentage error.
Realidade, sujeito e sentido como unidade concreta: do antipsicologismo à ontologia fenomenológica de "O ser e o nada"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Paes, Gabriel Gurae Guedes; Marques, Silene Torres; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9556325252489654
In the first chapter of the first part of The Being and the Nothing, “The origin of the negation”, Sartre distinguishes the abstract negation, merely judicative, from the real negation that occurs when I do not meet Pedro at the bar. This distinction is not secondary, but fundamental to understand that being-in-the-world is not divisible between representation on the one side and the reality of the world on the other. The world is a totality (not totalized, but it is a process of totalization) that constitutes human reality itself. In this totality there is no subject on one side and reality on the other, because it is in reality that we constitute our own being. Reality, as a human reality, occurs as a situation in the world. Between the abstraction of judicial denial and real denial in a situation such as not meeting Pedro at the bar, we were led to explore the difference not only between negative judgment and real denial, but also between the sense of the situation and the sense of judgment in general. Our aim is to show that sense, as a sense of a real situation in the world - as opposed to the referential sense of judgment - is a sense of a real subject that is inseparable from reality as a world. And to understand what reality is and what we mean, we go back to the sartrian works of phenomenological psychology ”prior to Being and Nothingness. In these works, Sartre declares himself an "antipsychologist", that is, he takes a stand against psychological conceptions that intend to transform consciousness (as imagination, perception, thought, emotion, etc.) into fact. Consciousness is not a fact, but a condition for the facts to present themselves as facts regulated within scientific hypotheses. There is an ontological variation of this antipsychology in Being and Nothingness that is expressed in the argument that we are not a thing with meaning, but giving meaning, not as a judicial act, but as a real action in a real situation. The sense, for having no basis for the action itself, is an unfounded foundation. If meaning is made in action, it would be absurd to want to make sense of the action, because we cannot make sense of the meaning as if it were a thing or a fact. An ontological experience of this observation occurs in anguish. And to say that we are real subjects in a real world, we have to show that reality is not identical with objectivity. Reality occurs not only as a thing or as a fact, but also as a condition for understanding the world as the world in which there are things and facts. In this way, the subject is a real subject, but not as a thing or fact. Thus, before analyzing a conception of the real meaning of a real subject, communicate a triple movement: (1) Show that consciousness is not a fact and at the same time (2) show that reality is not limited to the fact, in the end, (3) thinking about a real subject that is not factual. And so that the subject, as a constituent of meaning, is not divided between representation on the one hand and reality on the other, it is necessary to show that sense, as an existential sense, occurs immediately as an action in the world. To enter Sartrian “psychology phenomenology” he chooses The Imaginary, because in this work we can elucidate what Sartre understands by reality in relation to Husserl's idealism. And to understand the existential meaning in its relationship with the world, it will be inevitable to resort to Heidegger's Being and time.
Bioacumulação de metais presentes no material particulado atmosférico sedimentável em tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Fortes, William Manuel Pereira Antunes; Souza, Iara da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391583114634391; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7283582569427035
The occurrence of sedimentary atmospheric particulate matter (MPAS) containing metals and metallic nanoparticles has increased in the world, causing the contamination of aquatic environments, as is the case for Espírito Santo, southeast region of Brazil. MPAS was collected in Vitória’s bay surroundigs, ES, to evaluate the bioaccumulation pattern of metals in Oreochromis niloticus and its possible effects on the gills. The metal profile of MPAS was analyzed and, subsequently, specimens of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus were exposed to MPAS (1g/L) in a semi-static system, for 30 days, with daily sampling of water for physicochemical parameters analysis and chemical profiling of the dissolved metals. Every 3 days, specimens of tilapia were picked for analysis of bioaccumulation (Total: 11 sample collection) of metals in the viscera and fillet, and every 6 days specimens were picked for histological analysis and determination of the metallothionein concentration in gills (Total: 6 sample collection). For the multi-element analysis, the samples were prepared by acid digestion method and the concentration of metals determined by ICP-MS (Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry). The following metals were identified and quantified: B, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cd, Pb, Hg, Ba, Bi, W, Ti, Zr, Y, La, Nb, Ce in the MPAS. Ta has been identified but not quantified. Six metals (Cu, Fe, Al, Zn, Mn, Pb) were chosen/picked for analysis in the fish’s viscera and fillet based on the following criteria: higher concentration in MPAS and limits determined by Brazilian and USA legislation. The concentration of Cu in water was higher than the limits established for freshwater from day 3 to day 15 and on day 24. The concentration of Fe was higher from day 3 to day 12. Al concentration was higher on all days, except on the 18th day. Pb’s concentration only exceeded the limit on the 6th day. The determined bioconcentration factor (BCF) was >1 for all metals analyzed, confirming their bioaccumulation in tilapia. Some metals such as Al, Fe, Mn and Pb showed similar accumulation patterns with significant increase in concentration in the first days until reaching a peak, followed by the subsequent decrease. Cu and Zn showed different bioaccumulation pattern with several peaks and persistence of a high concentration throughout the exposure. There was preferential bioaccumulation of those metals in the viscera compared to the fillet. The analysis of histopathology and the concentration of metallothionein in the gills showed no significant alteration after exposure to MPAS. Exposure to higher concentrations of MPAS may trigger more severe responses.
O que dizem as pesquisas atuais sobre o Atendimento Educacional Especializado para surdos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Abreu, Thaís Magalhães; Santos, Lara Ferreira dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1031363121799053
The purpose of this study is to identify in the articles published on the CAPES / MEC portal (Portal for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel / Ministry of Education) how Specialized Educational Attendence (“Atendimento Educacional Especializado” - AEE) has been offered to deaf people in Brazil, starting in the year 2005 that is the year of Decree nº 5.626 publication. This study aimed to develop a qualitative research of an exploratory-descriptive character, being a bibliographic research. Nineteen articles with the proposed theme were selected, which, after reading and preliminary review, enabled the development of three analysis axes: "Centrality of Libras" (Brasilian Sign Language), "Mediation" and "Training of “AEE” professionals”. The analyzes and discussions were based on theoretical studies by Vigotski (2008) and on current research in the field of Deaf Education. From the data found, it can be seen that the practice does not always produce what is proposed by legislation and educational guidelines. As you may notice, Libras is very far from being considered the first language or instruction language in the “AEE” space, and that the training of professionals is below expectations, producing inadequate spaces and where teaching focuses on the Portuguese language. The deaf teacher is an unusual person in these spaces, but according to the findings, it was considered relevant to invest more in this sense, aiming to guarantee a space for the deaf teacher, which can bring benefits to the development of the deaf student.
Diferenças entre sexos na ativação muscular e estratégias motoras em atividade repetitiva e fadiga muscular no membro superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Cid, Marina Machado; Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0495767500325838
The main objective of this PhD thesis was to evaluate sex differences in biomechanical exposure of the upper limb during the performance of low-level repetitive tasks. This research was based on four studies. The Study 1 consisted of a systematic review that aimed to synthesize evidence about sex differences in biomechanical exposure of upper limbs during low-level repetitive tasks. The systematic review included 24 studies and showed some sex differences in biomechanical exposure of upper limbs, such as a greater muscle activation in females during repetitive tasks, regardless of the presence of muscle fatigue or even a greater response to muscle fatigue induced by repetitive tasks showed by males, evidenced by kinematic changes in upper limb elevation. The quality of evidence level for these findings was classified as very low. In the Study 2, sex differences in the activity pattern of scapulothoracic muscles were evaluated during a low-level repetitive task performed with the upper limb positioned below shoulder level. Surface electromyography was recorded from all portions of the trapezius (upper trapezius - clavicular and acromial fibers, middle trapezius, lower trapezius) and serratus anterior. The initial and final periods of the task were considered for analyses. Females showed greater muscle activation for upper trapezius (acromial fibers) and serratus anterior muscles compared to men, regardless of task period. Sex differences were also evaluated considering postures of the upper body (Study 3) and muscle activity pattern of the neck/shoulder region (Study 4), during a low-level repetitive and fatiguing task, performed with the upper limb positioned above shoulder level. For these two studies, the pre- and post-fatigue periods were considered in the analyzes. In Study 3, postures of upper arm elevation and upper back, head and neck forward ﬂexion were evaluated using inclinometry. After muscle fatigue, there was a decrease in the upper arm elevation for both males and females, but with a greater decrease showed by males. In addition, females showed more non-neutral postures for head and neck than males, regardless of task period. In Study 4, surface electromyography was recorded from the same muscles evaluated in Study 2 and from anterior deltoid. The muscle activity variability of the anterior deltoid, expressed by the coefficient of variation (CV) of the electromyographic signal, increased after muscle fatigue, but only in males. In addition, females showed greater muscle activation and greater muscle activity variability (expressed by standard deviation and CV of the electromyographic signal) than males, regardless of task period. The results of this PhD thesis show sex differences in muscle activity pattern of neck/shoulder region and postures of the upper body during the performance of a repetitive task and that such differences are more evident when the task is performed with the upper limb positioned above shoulder level and in presence of muscle fatigue.
O conselho municipal de educação de São Roque/SP: a gestão democrática em debate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Silveira, Viviane da Silva; Lima, Paulo Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0562393063321539
The emphasis of this research was to analyze the unfolding of the democratic management process through the organization and functioning of the Municipal Council of São Roque/SP (C.M.E-SR) in the perception of the councilors. In a preliminary survey based on research and exploratory studies referring to the term: “Municipal Council of Education”, in theses and dissertations from 2015 to 2018, based on the Capes Thesis Bank Platform, 35 works were found, being 6 doctoral theses and 29 master's dissertations. It is noteworthy that none of the works found refers to the Municipal Council of São Roque/SP. The methodology used was a qualitative approach and the data treatment was performed through content analysis based on the work of Cellard (2014), with regard to the records of the Minutes of the sessions carried out by this managing body, as well as the municipal legislation, and semi-structured interviews with the acting board members. From the study it was possible to notice that in this trajectory of twenty-three years of existence, the C.M.E-SR sought with diligence to get involved in educational issues. However, one of the obstacles that hindered the performance and continuity of referral processes was related to the unjustified absence of directors that resulted in meetings canceled due to insufficient quorum. It is observed from the minutes that the development of the autonomy of the C.M.E-SR was compromised due to the lack of structure for a better functioning, such as: own funds and physical space for the sessions, which were repeatedly claimed. The guiding principle of democratic management still requires more attention and work, as well as openness to participation in decisions concerning municipal education. It is worth mentioning that the councils are collegiate bodies responsible for monitoring the educational actions of the municipality, being constituted in order to represent the voice of society before the government.
Desafios e alternativas financeiras em universidade pública brasileira: um estudo sobre o crowdfunding
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Gomes, Ana Luzia Chavez; Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4334350382862522
Access to information is a necessity in an increasingly technological society, and it is up to the university, among others, to seek to facilitate access and dissemination of information, contributing to improving the quality of life. Thus, it is necessary that the public communication process of science is revisited and adapted to the new demands of society. Science, Technology and Society is an area that is concerned with the social issues and controversies of science and technology and their possible consequences, unfolding and impacts. In this context, crowdfunding emerges, which in practice is one of the forms of collective financing, carried out through campaigns that are available on specialized websites, whose intention is to allow greater engagement, which can lead society to get involved in the process of doing science. This thesis is based on the assumption that crowdfunding is a phenomenon that can be adapted to the reality of the Brazilian public university that has suffered severe impacts caused by neoliberal political agendas, which jeopardize its financial sustainability. To this end, we used the bibliographic review to understand the state of the art of the crowdfunding theme and correlating it with the practical experience of practical campaigns to understand its possibility of application within universities. In the end, we understand that it is feasible and that there are some aspects that need to be further explored adapted to the Brazilian reality, since most of the examples of crowdfunding that we found applied to universities were of foreign origin.
Avaliação dos modelos numéricos para a simulação da secagem de concretos refratários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Moreira, Murilo Henrique; Luz, Ana Paula da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6464099088987675
The drying of hydraulic bonded monolithic refractories is the slowest stage of their application process. Problems related to the control of such a procedure result in cracks, spalling and even, in extreme cases, explosions of the entire lining, and consequently of the industrial equipment. In order to reduce the downtime required during the first heat-up step, an optimization of the drying process is necessary. As the risks involved are considerable, the industry adopts overconservative practices, usually guided by semi-empirical knowledge. In this context, the present work aimed to review the literature, identify the main numerical models, compare them and select the most suitable for this application. This systemic evaluation took place both analytically and by simulating the results for each model comparing them with actual practical experiments. Given the high number of works found during the literature review process, a bibliometric study of this field of knowledge was also proposed. The set of information collected and analyzed indicated that the most common application of such models is for the simulation of Portland cement structures under fire. As a direct consequence, interaction with such researchers is highly recommended. It was also realized that these models could be categorized as those with practical appeal and those with detailed representation of the multiple physical processes that occur in such scenarios, with the main distinguishable difference between such classes being their complexity. Finally, the single-phase model represented the best compatibility with the technological applications and thus its numerical convergence was studied and the sensitivity of the main input parameters was determined. Based on that, the development of a single-phase mesoscale mixed element model was proposed and validated with experimental results, which shows features not yet found in the literature.
Variabilidade da coordenação interarticular entre cotovelo e punho durante o alcance em indivíduos hemiparéticos crônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Trevisan, Claudia; Pedro, Leonardo Marquez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8454441527926559; Russo, Thiago Luiz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1562169956008279
The loss or functional alteration of the upper limb (MS) is one of the most common reports of post-stroke individuals, who have limitations in tasks of daily living, especially those that involve reaching. Among the changes that limit the functionality of the upper limb are changes in strength, proprioceptives and muscle synergies, which reflect on the ability of interarticular coordination and variability of the movement. Objective: to evaluate the variability of interarticular coordination of the elbow and wrist in chronic hemiparetic individuals in reaching movement. Methods: This is a subanalysis that evaluated eleven chronic hemiparetic individuals and 11 healthy individuals matched for age and sex. During simulation of the drinking activity at a self-selected speed, performed with an acrylic glass with water, divided into the reach of the glass (phase 1), take the glass to the mouth (phase 2) and return the glass to the table (phase 3), data were obtained regarding changes in intra-limb coordination variability (elbow and wrist) in the sagittal plane, using the vector coding technique in addition to the construction of an angle-angle graph (cyclogram). The spatiotemporal variables complemented the analyzes. The spatiotemporal variables analyzed were as follows: duration of the task (seconds and percentage), peak speed (mm / s), time to peak speed (%). Results: differences in the quality of the joint coordination pattern and variability of intra-limb joint coordination between the hemiparetic and control groups were observed in the phases of reaching the cup (phase 1), taking the cup to the mouth (phase 2) and return of the glass to the table (phase 3). In the spatiotemporal variables, differences between groups were observed in the variables duration of movement (s) (HG = 2.42 s (0.80), CG = 1.39 s (0.27)), peak velocity (HG= 285.00 s (63.25), CG = 385.93 (63.91)), peak speed time (%) (HG = 29.51 s (11.39), CG = 41.95 s (10.10) in phase 1, duration (%) (HG = 24.15 (3.55), CG = 29.46 (4.39)) peak velocity (HG = 425.21 (215.13) CH = 489.96 (122.28)) and peak velocity time (%) (HG = 46.48 (23.97), CG = 27.33 (8.24)) in phase 2, and duration of movement (s) (HG = 2.96 (1.03), CG = 1.96 (0.38)) and time of peak velocity (%) (HG = 26.04 (9.86) CG = 40.25 (7.51)) in phase 3. Conclusion: Chronic hemiparetic individuals show changes in variability and interjoint coordination during reaching movements, making movement slower during the functional task of drinking.
Hipermobilidade e dor no punho em ginastas jovens: perfil descritivo, análise de associação e relevância clínica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Marolde, Isabela Bianchini; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; Serrão, Paula Regina Mendes da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2917658715637353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5263187600815776
Introduction: Flexibility is an important factor for gymnasts to perform their maneuvers and elements. A greater than normal range of motion in most of the joints is called general joint hypermobility. There is a higher prevalence of general joint hypermobility among gymnasts and some evidence indicates that it may be a risk factor for musculoskeletal symptoms. In addition, wrist pain is a common complaint among gymnasts and, despite the many possible causes, we must consider the great load to which this joint is exposed in gymnastics and try to identify other associated factors. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between joint hypermobility and the presence of wrist pain, handgrip strength and wrist function, in addition to presenting the clinical relevance of the variables comparing athletes with and without wrist pain and also athletes with and without joint hypermobility. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included elite gymnasts from the city of São Paulo, from ages 8 to 17 years old. All participants were assessed for the presence of general joint hypermobility (Beighton score), wrist range of motion (ROM), subjective pain assessment, handgrip strength, wrist function (Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation – PRWE and Closed-Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test - CKCUEST) and quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory - PedsQL 4.0). A descriptive data analysis was performed. To assess the presence of association between variables, the Chi-square test was used, with a significance level of 5%. An assessment of the clinical relevance of the variables was also carried out, based on the effect size and the minimum important difference. Results: This study included 42 gymnasts (22 males and 20 females, with a mean age of 10.6 ± 2.5 years). Joint hypermobility was present in 66,7% of these athletes and 38.1% had wrist pain. No association was found between joint hypermobility and pain in the wrist, but an association was found between pain in the wrist and the number of hours of training per day (p = 0.024). Handgrip strength and CKCUEST scores showed moderate or large effect sizes when comparing subjects with and without wrist pain and with and without hypermobility. Conclusion: We found no association between the presence of joint hypermobility and wrist pain in young gymnasts. We identified an association between the presence of wrist pain and the number of hours of training per day, indicating that the longer training periods are associated with a higher prevalence of wrist pain in gymnasts. Athletes with joint hypermobility had better quality of life indexes, lower handgrip strength and greater wrist extension ROM, and athletes with wrist pain had lower handgrip strength, lower wrist extension ROM and better performance in the CKCUEST.
Histórias de vida de pessoas em sofrimento psíquico sobre a inclusão no trabalho na perspectiva da economia solidária: ecologia de saberes revelando que Recriart é preciso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Mazaro, Lisabelle Manente; Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8121264125922144; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4059870035538236
Mental health care transformed the Brazilian context after the outbreak of the Psychiatric Reform movement in the late 1970s, especially with the replacement of asylum, violent and exclusionary models, that is, a hegemonic hospital-centered model with a model of hospitality more humanized, inclusive community care and concerned with the rights of people in psychological distress. Work is one of the axes of Psychiatric Reform, in addition to being a social right guaranteed to all Brazilians by the Federal Constitution of 1988. What is observed is that access to work for this population has been predominantly given through the solidary economy, due to its more ethical, human, inclusive, and solidary rationality, which vehemently contradicts the capitalist system. The solidary economy, due to its ideology, basic principles, production, and socio-cultural organization, has revealed its emancipatory potential in the scope of mental health. Thus, the present study has as its general objectives: to understand how Recriart participants perceive the impacts of their experience in this workspace on their life trajectory; and reflect on this inclusion in the light of the theoretical framework of Knowledge Ecology, Sociology of Absences and Sociology of Emergencies by Boaventura de Sousa Santos. The specific objectives are: to describe the Recriart timeline from its origin to the present day; and to verify which changes occurred in the life trajectory of these people from the inclusion in the work, as well as to describe their impacts, identified by the collaborators themselves, dialoguing with the adopted theoretical framework. This is a research with a qualitative approach, which makes use of the oral history of life and makes use of the timeline as a systematization tool of the Recriart experience, in which 7 employees took part, namely: 1 professional from the incubation team accompanying the group, to trace the Recriart timeline and 6 working members of the same enterprise who narrated their life stories. The narratives were analyzed through categorical analysis, from the perspective of the sociologies of absences and emergencies and the ecology of knowledge, a theoretical-philosophical framework developed by the Portuguese sociologist Boaventura de Sousa Santos. The results indicate that Recriart is an economic solidarity enterprise in the field of mental health located in the city of São Carlos / SP, established in 2006, through a partnership between the Center for Psychosocial Care - CAPS II and the Multidisciplinary and Integrated Nucleus of Studies, Training, and Intervention in Solidarity Economy (NuMI-EcoSol) at the Federal University of São Carlos, whose main objective is the social inclusion of people through work. Over its 14 years, Recriart has undergone some changes and adaptations, conquered space and visibility in the municipality, becoming a reference for access to work for users of the São Carlos Mental Health Network. The narratives indicate that Recriart has a fundamental role in the lives of its workers, since, in addition to a workspace, it means appreciation as a human being, belonging to a group, exercising autonomy, expanding independence, (re) structuring of the routine, opportunity to make social exchanges, create bonds and develop affection. The results were subjected to categorical analysis and showed that employees are progressively transposing the logic of the patient - that subject who is assisted and accompanied by mental health care equipment - and recognizing his social place as a worker in spaces intended for work cooperative and supportive. There are clear differences between the place of assisted and the place of worker, which are decisive for the access to citizenship rights and social emancipation of the subjects, and the collaborators of this study are displacing work from the condition of treatment and placing it as a means of access to a different social place, of inclusion and citizenship. There is also the possibility of conquering autonomy through the work developed from the perspective of the Solidarity Economy and the results of this study point out that there is still a need for greater investment and incentive for autonomy to be achieved and exercised more effectively, not only in the work environment. work, but that it has repercussions on life in general. We concluded this work by demarcating the great potential for the emergence of work from the perspective of the Solidarity Economy, since, in addition to the economic issue, it establishes a space for social, cultural, and political exchanges, in addition to valuing the human being and all his knowledge.
Impacto da hospitalização por exacerbação da DPOC sobre o nível de atividade física e força muscular de quadríceps – um estudo longitudinal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Oliveira, Bruna Shara Vidal de; Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9335275837481896
Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has systemic manifestations. Reductions in the level of physical activity and quadriceps muscle strength are some of the most prevalent systemic manifestations that worsen during the exacerbation of COPD. However, longitudinal studies are necessary in relation to the impact of hospitalization for exacerbation of COPD on the level of physical activity of daily living and quadriceps muscle strength, both during exacerbation and after hospital discharge. Aims: To evaluate the level of physical activity and muscle strength of quadriceps during and after hospitalization due to exacerbation of COPD. Methods: This is a longitudinal observational study in which 24 patients with COPD exacerbation (66 ± 7.61 years) were evaluated 48-72 hours after the start of drug therapy, 30 days and three months after hospital discharge. The assessment at the three moments included a quadriceps muscle strength test using a manual dynamometer (Microfet 2®), AFVD level with an accelerometer for seven days (activPAL3TM PAL Technologies Ltd., Glasgow, United Kingdom). Cognition, dyspnea, general health, physical performance, and lung function were assessed to characterize the sample. Results: Inactive time (sitting / lying time) showed a significant reduction in the 30 days after hospital discharge (1,151 ± 249 - 1,065 ± 198 min; p = 0.02). In addition, there was an increase in active time (standing and walking time) (344 ± 260 - 447 ± 199 min; p = 0.04) and number of steps (4,241 ± 3,744 - 6,216 ± 4,008 steps; p = 0.02 ) after three months. However, the quadriceps muscle strength did not show any significant difference either in 30 days (173 ± 74 –185 ± 51 N; 64 ± 26–64 (57-76) % of predicted; p = 0.97) and in three months (173 ± 74 –190 ± 55 N; 64 ± 26–63 (58-82) % of predicted; p = 0.60) after hospitalization. Conclusion: The level of AFVD improved due to the reduction of inactive time in the 30 days of hospital discharge and an increase in the number of steps after three months of hospital discharge. In addition, there was no improvement in quadriceps muscle strength at 30 days and three months after hospitalization. The results of this study support the importance of identifying functional losses during and after hospitalization and reinforces the development of specific strategies and early interventions aimed at improving quadriceps muscle strength and the level of AFVD.
Padrões de interação estratégica nas eleições presidenciais de 2018: atores e temáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Gregorio, Paulo Cesar dos Santos; Ribeiro, Pedro José Floriano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6336151484882362; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2129229489875840
Right-wing movements have a growing order today and find support in the pillars and logic of modern democracy, supporting the ideals of liberalism, conservatism, authoritarianism and populism. This recent scenario is accompanied by growing dissatisfaction with politics and has had repercussions on both recent and consolidated democracies. In Brazil, social actors linked to the right-wing gained social representation and visibility, disseminating an anti-system discourse partially attributed to the impact of anti-corruption operations and the economic recession between 2014 and 2016. Indeed, in the elections for the presidency 2018, the disintegration of the electoral alliance traditionally held with MDB/PSDB and the fragmentation of the candidacies of right and center-right parties, provoked a change in the dynamic of strategic interaction that would have ceased to be polarized between PT and PSDB. Therefore, we have set the main objective of this work to identify and understand the patterns of strategic interaction in the 2018 presidential elections, indicating which were the themes prioritized by the parties, either by the emphasis on advantageous subjects in relation to the electorate or, when in network interaction with other parties, those who consider harmful to the opponent. In a first block, we noticed in all the applications the appeal anti System and Political Reform. In the spectrum of center-right and right-wing applications, the prominence in both the Manifesto and the television campaign advertising (HGPE) is based mainly on liberal economic ideology - with the exception of the PSL, in the emphasis of conservative values in topics such as family, abortion and the nationalist narrative in HGPE. Our results also point out that although PT and PSL have not significantly interacted with each other, these parties were, through the interaction of third ones - notably PSDB, MDB, PODEMOS and PDT -, the central poles in the strategic interaction network built on HGPE. Constituting as a strategy of those who are at a disadvantage in the electoral race, the negative propaganda, directed primarily to the PSL and the PT, did not have the expected effect. On the contrary, the evidence presented here suggests that it may have boosted both applications, especially that of the PSL. Consisting of networks of mostly direct interactions, carried out by the opposing candidate himself or by the narrator off, PT and PSL were associated, respectively, with corruption and the spread of fake news and, together, with polarization.
Um ambiente de programação multiparadigma voltado à composição musical automática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Gonçalves Junior, Clenio Batista; Homem, Murillo Rodrigo Petrucelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4099700446922080
Na produção de software musical, existe uma forte dependência de fatores como linguagens de programação, paradigmas de raciocínio, bibliotecas, APIs e frameworks. Neste trabalho é apresentada a configuração de um ambiente de desenvolvimento que possibilita a criação de software direcionado à produção sonora de modo abrangente, além de atender requisitos específicos da atividade de composição musical automática. Esse ambiente constitui uma plataforma baseada em software livre por meio da utilização de sistemas de código aberto.
Desenvolvimento de formulações à base de D-limoneno para o controle da mosca-branca (Bemisia tabaci)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Marques, Rodrigo Tavares; Wouters, Felipe Christoff; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4392349445398645; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4211163212691250
The species Bemisia tabaci of whitefly presents commercial relevance in agriculture due to its potential damage to productivity of the different host crops for this pest, like soybean, bean, and tomato. The use of natural insecticide is an important strategy in the control of this pest, with emphasis on essential oils. In this work, three formulations based on D-limonene were developed aiming the control of whitefly. The types of formulations tested were: emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsions, and wet powder. The three formulations presented good stability and similar effectiveness in all agronomic efficiency test. Regarding adult whitefly control, the formulations developed showed results compatible with those of two insecticides available on the market (Talstar® and Sperto®). However, when used in pure form, they presented unsatisfactory results for the control of whitefly nymphs. Based on the performed experiments, on the cost, and flexibility of production, the most suitable formulation was the emulsifiable concentrate type. It is important to mention that, to have effectiveness in controlling adults and nymphs, it must be used with Bifenthrin (Talstar®).
Analysis of tool traverse speed in Friction Stir Welding of AZ31 Magnesium alloy thin plates
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-25) Chiuzuli, Fernanda Rocha; Gargarella, Piter; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916; Kiminami, Claudio Shyinti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5443002033733395; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8026343430661637
The automotive industry's great interest in lightweight materials, such as magnesium alloy AZ31, reflects the growing importance of reducing cars' weight. One of the challenges of using such alloys is that their welding using conventional fusion methods does not result in good mechanical properties. The low corrosion resistance typical of these alloys makes it necessary to search for new welding methods, such as solid-state processes as Friction Stir Welding (FSW). However, the literature about AZ31 magnesium alloys welded by FSW revealed the absence of a consensus on the best process parameters for thin plates' welding as plates used in automotive seats. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the best combinations of parameters to weld a 2 mm thick AZ31 magnesium plate by FSW to obtain welds without defects and with good mechanical performance. To meet this objective, AZ31 plates were welded in two configurations (butt - BW and overlap – OW), varying only the tool traverse speed, and their mechanical properties were analyzed by tensile, shear, three-point bending tests, and microhardness, and the microstructure was observed by optical microscopy. About the surface finish, the lowest speeds resulted in flashes formation due to high-temperature development. For BWs, the UTS average increased when the speed increased until 2 m/min, becoming constant for speeds upper to 2m/min. For OWs, shear stress values initially increased due to grain refining, however decreasing with high speeds due to the formation of the large voids. The hardness profiles were not affected a lot by speed, since its increase resulted in grain refinement.