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As políticas penais e de segurança pública de FHC a Bolsonaro: um estudo sobre rupturas e continuidades na Nova República
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-24) Pereira, Jordana Dias; Sinhoretto, Jacqueline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8555765096768432
This dissertation deals with the production of criminal and public security policies in the New Republic. Through bibliographic review and analysis of biographies, speeches, government intention programs, and normative acts and bills issued by the Federal Executive Branch from 1997 (year in which the National Secretariat of Public Security was formed) to 2020, one can find some elements of continuities and ruptures. The study falls within the sociology of punishment with a focus on the analytical framework created by David Garland. Following his analytical model, it is possible to affirm that from FHC to Temer the answers regarding the question of an increase in crime have a character that is sometimes more reactive, sometimes more assuring. In addition to this, in the period between the aforementioned presidents, to a greater or lesser extent, efforts were made to create instruments for the development of public security policies. This model, however, proved to be limited when analyzing the current experience. In Bolsonaro, one finds a fourth type, the anti-modern response. These dynamics of criminal and public security policy production in Brazil are explained on the one hand, by a more global trend such as Modern Penal Rationality supported also by punitive populism and is marked by the context of neoliberalism; and on the other hand, in the particularities of the country, which are marked by a late - and never concluded - modernization process and low-intensity citizenship.
Participação do óxido nítrico no efeito hipotensivo e vasodilatador induzido pela fotobiomodulação utilizando laser de 660 nm
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-24) Buzinari, Tereza Cristina; Rodrigues, Gerson Jhonatan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6725550216586910; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8950184250539748
Introduction: Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive therapeutic modality used to treat several pathologies. Studies indicate that nitric oxide (NO) can be released from endogenous “stocks” by photolysis, favoring the biological effects of NO. Aim: Evaluate whether the application of red laser induces a decrease in blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and whether this effect is dependent on the release of NO stock. Methods: Direct measurement (Basal, Sham and after FBM) of the hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive L-NAME and SHR rats was performed. Rats treated with L-NAME produce less NO and, consequently, less NO stock. A red laser (660 nm) was used; 80 mW; 56 seconds/point (6 points, abdominal region); 4.5 J; 63 J/cm2 per point. Normotensive and L-NAME rats were euthanized by decapitation, and the thoracic aorta was collected dissected for vascular reactivity study. Three laser applications were performed on the same aortic ring: first, after phenylephrine contraction; second, after endothelial integrity testing by acetylcholine; third, after incubation for 30 minutes with the NO donor DETA-NO, PBS or Hydroxicobalamin. The irradiation parameters for vascular reactivity were: red laser (660 nm); 100 mW; 56 seconds; 5.6J; 96 J/cm2. Endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with DETA-NO or CuSO4, with subsequent application of PBM (4.5 J) and addition of a selective fluorescent probe for NO (DAF-2 DA). Results: there was a decrease in systolic blood pressure in SHR (mean of 14 mmHg) and an increase in serum NO was detected by chemiluminescent reaction. Hypertensive L-NAME rats did not exhibit a decrease in blood pressure after PBM. PBM promoted vasodilation in the aorta isolated from normotensive rats, and less effect in the aorta of L-NAME rats and the addition of the NO donor, DETA-NO, promoted greater vasodilation by PBM in the aorta of L-NAME rats, however, the addition Hydroxycobalamin has abolished the vasodilator effect of PBM. In endothelial cells, an increase in NO, after PBM, was detected, however with the addition of CuSO4, which catalyzes the decomposition of NO stocks, there was no detection of NO after PBM. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that, acutely, irradiation with red laser (660 nm) promotes a hypotensive and vasodilation effect through a mechanism that involves the mobilization of NO stock.