Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-03-25"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 9594

Boas práticas em laboratório químico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-25)
Lins, Aline Obage
;
Faez, Roselena
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0654750186618555
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8583471973125177
A chemistry laboratory is a place for teaching, research, and extension activities, as well as for industrial use. Regardless of the purpose, the laboratory exhibits particularities that need to be previously known to avoid the occurrence of accidents. In order to recognize the laboratory spaces and to propose preventive safety measures, this work aimed to prepare a questionnaire and a manual of good laboratory practices. Accordingly, we performed a bibliographic review detailing all aspects of a laboratory. Besides, we based our highlights based on the observation of the Laboratory of Polymeric and Biosorbent Materials - Lab-MPB of the Federal University of São Carlos, in order to obtain a basis to elaborate on specific issues in this area. The results will help users to execute their activities with higher safety and efficiency.
Durabilidade de compósitos cimentícios de ultra alto desempenho com incorporação de pó de vidro frente à ação de cloretos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-25)
Soares, Silvete Mari
;
Salvador Filho, José Américo Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8494783082862407
;
Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763
Reinforced concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials in civil construction, in Brazil and worldwide, due to the ease of taking on different shapes and for protecting the reinforcement from external actions and, thus, guaranteeing its durability. In order to build more resistant and durable structures, reinforced concrete started to be studied not as a material of high mechanical resistance, but as a material of high performance. High performance concrete (HPC) is a concrete with high mechanical resistance and with characteristics that guarantee its greater durability in the face of aggressive environments, among other requirements. Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is a material that has low permeability to chlorides, moisture and oxygen with a matrix composition that has a low water / binder ratio and, therefore, exhibits high mechanical performance and against corrosion of the reinforcement, be used to repair concrete structures. UHPC is generally designed with a high cement content, ranging between 800 and 1,000 kg/m3, which affects production costs, consumes natural sources of raw material and negatively affects the environment through 〖CO〗_2 emissions. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) have been widely used to partially replace Portland cement in concrete, both as filling material and as pozzolanic material. In this sense, glass powder is a good alternative due to its silica-rich nature and the large amount available that, in many cases, is disposed of in landfills or not, inappropriately. The hypothesis considered is the feasibility of using glass powder at high levels to replace Portland cement, maintaining the characteristics of high mechanical resistance and durability against the action of chlorides in ultra high performance cementitious composites, providing a reduction in the consumption of Portland cement. This work is justified by the better knowledge of the use of recycled glass powder in the ultra high performance cementitious composite, especially with regard to durability against chlorides, with the analysis of several factors and possible problems that this partial substitution may cause. The general objective is to evaluate the influence of the substitution of Portland cement by different levels of recycled glass powder in an ultra high performance cementitious composite in the mechanical resistance and durability against the attack by chlorides, being one of its specific objectives to determine the ideal content of glass powder to be incorporated into cementitious composites. Cementitious composites with different contents of recyclable glass powder were developed (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%). For that, mechanical tests were carried out and related to durability, such as: water absorption, resistance to chloride penetration, penetration front, total chloride content, chloride diffusion and migration, electrical resistivity and corrosion potential of cementitious composites. Regarding the microstructure, X-ray diffraction tests, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy and computed tomography were performed. The mechanical results obtained were favorable to the incorporation of glass powder at high contents, since the mechanical strength remain high. Regarding the durability against the attack of chloride ions, the results were also favorable to the incorporation of high contents of substitution of Portland cement by glass powder, indicating a high capacity of CUAD to protect steel against the action of chloride ions. And finally, it is recommended to use the 50% content of incorporation of glass powder to replace Portland cement because it has high mechanical resistance, high resistance to attack by chlorides, in addition to the use of these cementitious composites contributes to the reduction environmental pollution, since the studied incorporations are waste.
Número de Nielsen-Borsuk-Ulam para aplicações entre toros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-25)
Melo, Givanildo Donizeti de
;
Vendrúscolo, Daniel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602232587914830
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1003922857436099
The Nielsen-Borsuk-Ulam number is a lower bound for the minimal number of pair of coincidences points such that f(x) = f(\tau(x)) in a given homotopy class of maps. In this text the Nielsen-Borsuk-Ulam number, NBU(f; \tau), is calculated for any mapsf : T^n \to T^n where T^n is the torus of dimension n with n less than or equal to 3 and \tau is any free involution in Tn. Furthermore, it is concluded that the tori T^1, T^2 and T^3 are Wecken spaces in the Nielsen-Borsuk-Ulam theory and that the triple (Tn; \tau ;Tn) don't have the Borsuk-Ulam property for any free involution \tau.
Filmes finos supercondutores sob um campo magnético inomogêneo: diminuição da profundidade da frente de fluxo magnético
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-25)
Araújo, Ítalo Moreira de
;
Motta, Maycon
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8340540626164812
;
Ortiz, Wilson Aires
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0241177338066307
The phenomenon of superconductivity was discovered by scientist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911, while studying the resistivity of mercury when cooled below 4,2 K. As predicted by Alexei Abrikosov in 1957, materials from a class of superconductors - currently labeled as Type II - when in the presence of a magnetic field, do admit the entry of flux, in the form of vortices, even being in the superconducting state. A relevant problem for the application of superconductors is the movement of these vortices in the material, which generates dissipation and leads to a local increase in temperature, making the superconducting state less robust. One of the strategies used to avoid this unwanted effect, which results from the viscous movement of vortices, is the artificial inclusion of pinning centers, which act as potential wells for the vortices, making it difficult for them to move. Recently, a considerable number of studies have been directed to the so-called conformal arrangements, which are characterized by the maintenance of the hexagonal symmetry of the original vortex lattice and the introduction of a gradient in the spatial distribution of pinning centers, in the form of arcs, promoting a local increase in the critical current, especially in regimes of high fields and temperatures. In a recent study, performed using computer simulations carried out based on the Ginzburg-Landau theory, it was shown that through combinations of homogeneous and inhomogeneous magnetic fields, it is possible to produce a conformal arrangement of vortices even in a specimen without artificial inclusions. It was precisely this study that inspired the work described here. Thus, with the use of the magneto-optic imaging technique based on the Faraday Effect, the distribution of magnetic flux and the penetration depth of the flux front in the superconducting phase of the studied device was mapped. It consists of a square film of Nb, surrounded by a loop, also square, of Nb. The device was lithographed from a 200 nm thick Nb film. In all cases treated here, the applied field was always perpendicular to the plane of the device. The field profile generated by the superconducting loop was obtained by direct calculation, using the Biot-Savart Law. The superconducting ring was properly characterized, both with respect to the applied current and the applied field at a fixed temperature, in order to guarantee conditions for the device - i.e., the ring and the film inside it - to remain in the superconducting state along the experiments. We thus performed a series of comparisons of the penetration depth of the magnetic flux front using magneto-optic images, always maintaining an equal effective field condition. We used two sample cooling routines: one with field (FC, field cooling), which could be either homogeneous or inhomogeneous, and another in the absence of field (ZFC, zero field cooling). In addition, we also varied the sense of the FC field, always keeping in the same (positive) direction the homogeneous field that was applied during the experiments. The results showed a hierarchy in the penetration depth: the most profound was the negative inhomogeneous field condition, that is, the one in which antivortices were trapped in the superconductor during cooling. A significantly deeper penetration was presented for the condition of FC in a negative homogeneous field; in the sequence, the ZFC condition appears and then there is the positive homogeneous FC condition. The configuration with the lowest flux penetration depth was the one with inhomogeneous field in the same direction as the applied field. Therefore, the interactions between the vortices nucleated by the increase in the applied field and the vortices or antivortices trapped during the cooling of the film proved to be important in favor of vortex-vortex repulsion. In addition, among the five different cooling situations which we have studied, the inhomogeneous field condition is one in which the system exhibits the greater effective shielding capacity.
Calibração multivias em Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) para determinação de Ca, K e Mg em amostras de suplemento mineral para humanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-25)
Araújo, Alisson Silva de
;
Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8721646298089222
This work intends to present a new approach for modeling LIBS data resolved in time using multiway algorithms, aiming to achieve the advantage of second order. The algorithms evaluated in this study were: Multivariate Curve Resolution- Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS), Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) and Unfolded Partial Least-Squares with Residual Bilinearization (U-PLS/RBL). The analytes monitored in this work were Ca, K and Mg in samples of mineral supplement. This study was divided into four (4) parts. In Part 1 the validation of the algorithms was performed using samples of mixtures of the salts and bases of the studied analytes. In parts 2 and 3, mineral supplement samples were used to assess the predictive capacity of the models, with 6 samples in the calibration set (Part 2) and 17 samples in the calibration set (Part 3). Finally, conventional univariate models were built and the results obtained compared with the performance of the multivariate algorithms (Part 4). The results obtained in the first part demonstrated a good performance for the evaluated algorithms, with emphasis on the U-PLS/RBL. The values obtained for RMSEV by MCR-ALS were 3.4% pp-1, 0.4% pp-1 and 0.9% pp-1 for Ca, K and Mg, respectively. For PARAFAC the values obtained for Ca, K and Mg were 11% pp-1, 0.3% pp-1 and 1.1% pp-1, respectively. The values obtained by U-PLS/RBL were 2.5% pp-1 for Ca, 0.2% pp-1 for K and 1.2% pp-1 for Mg. As for the results obtained in Part 2, a decrease in the performance of the MCR ALS and PARAFAC algorithms was observed when the supplement samples were used as test samples, with high values of LoD and LoQ by both models for the three monitored analytes. The U-PLS/RBL showed an excellent performance, with low values of LoD and LoQ for Ca (0.4% pp-1 and 1.2% pp-1, respectively) and K (LoD: 0.1% pp-1 and LoQ: 0.2% pp-1), while for Mg some samples were below or close to loD (1.0 pp-1) and LoQ (3.0 pp-1). With the inclusion of more samples in the calibration set (Part 3) the performance of the MCR-ALS and PARAFAC algorithms improved for some analytes, however the LoD and LoQ values still remained high for the three monitored analytes. Regarding the U-PLS / RBL, there were no significant improvements for Ca and K, while for Mg a certain improvement in the values of LoD and LoQ was observed, 0.2 pp-1 and 0.7 pp-1, respectively. Conventional univariate calibration (Part 4) did not achieve good results, which was expected, since selective lines are necessary to obtain good results. Therefore, these results confirm that the U-PLS / RBL model was able to predict the analytes of interest in unknown samples, being possible to achieve the second order advantage.
Comunicação ambiental e educação ambiental em bacias hidrográficas: concepções, abordagens, práticas e indicadores para avaliação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-26)
Dictoro, Vinicius Perez
;
Hanai, Frederico Yuri
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7651828454575175
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9469471717661914
The present study had as its guiding themes environmental education, environmental communication, watershed management and the use of evaluation indicators. Themes that were thought based on a systemic and integrated vision of human beings with the environment and with the other living beings on the planet. The main objective of this study was to investigate concepts, practices and approaches to environmental communication and environmental education in river basins, aiming to establish specific instruments, criteria and indicators for the analysis of projects and activities in watersheds. To support the reflections made in the study, a systemic and complex approach was adopted. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, bibliographic research techniques (systematic bibliographic review), exploratory and applied research (questionnaires with members of river basin committees and experts from related areas) were used, which allowed the collection of data and information, analyzed through bibliometric analysis techniques and the 3S validation methodology. How the main results of this thesis were generated: an instrument for evaluating proposals for environmental education projects within the scope of river basin committees; a list of indicators for evaluating environmental education actions and activities in watershed; a framework of action guidelines for environmental education activities. It is concluded that there should be a greater integration between the themes of environmental communication and environmental education, in order to increase the scope of actions and activities that can be carried out in watersheds, mobilizing and involving society, generating behaviors beneficial to the environment , in addition to understanding the current socio-environmental problems present in society and contributing to the creation of a new paradigm of the relationship between human beings and the environment.
Caminhos do saber local à agroecologia: escolhas e mudanças de práticas agrícolas nos assentamentos da reforma agrária de Iperó/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-26)
Silva, Josefa Erica Monteiro da
;
Araujo, Luciana Gomes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3838121103944018
;
Franco, Fernando Silveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
SILVA, Josefa Erica Monteiro da. Paths of the local knowledge to Agroecology: choices and practice changes at Settlings of Iperó’s Land Reform. 2021. Monograph. (Bachelor Degree in Biological) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, 2021. Agroecology emerges as a critical science to the hegemonic model, and proposes the multidimensionality of sustainability for the development of ecological agriculture. As a practice, it proposes innovative technologies, which are consistent with the peculiarities of different realities and respects the ecology of knowledge. In addition to that, it works as well as a socio-cultural and political movement, related to the demands of local people and communities that exist and resist daily. Ecological agriculture presupposes that, instead of fighting symptomatic factors and replacing chemical products with organic ones, as in organic agriculture for instance, there is a holistic view of the agroecosystem in order to deal with causal factors. The importance of the Agroecological Transition process lies in the resignification of the management of agroecosystems, moving away from the model based on the use of agrochemicals and transgenics to the construction of principles that aim at a healthier relationship with nature. In this context, the present work analyzes the role of local knowledge on choices and changes in agricultural practices throughout the history of the Ipanema and Horto Bela Vista (Iperó/SP) settlements, towards agroecological practices, in order to understand how it occurs the construction of knowledge, which factors influenced the choices of agricultural practices and the effect of the latter on the lives of farmers. For this matter, semi-structured interviews were carried out with the farming families involved in the Participatory Guarantee System (SPG) and, therefore, already practicing sustainable management (but not necessarily agroecological). Results pointed to a vast knowledge about agroecological and agricultural practices, such as agrobiodiversity, use of organic matter in the farms, intercropping and crop rotation, little use of machinery and ecological management of the soil. This knowledge is linked to the involvement of farmers in exchanges from the SPG, experiences in the field, transmission between generations and sociocultural awareness, but mainly in the horizontality and dialogue of knowledge between farmers, extension workers and the “Rede Agroecológica Sorocabana”, which contributes to the construction of agroecological knowledge, confidence and self-esteem of the settlers. Among the factors that influenced the agroecological transition are reports of intoxication due to the use of pesticides, socio-environmental awareness, consumer demand, financial motivation, access to knowledge, public policies and agroecological transition projects. As for the effects of these choices on the lives of farmers, there is an increase in the possibilities of disposal, quality of life, financial security and food sovereignty, based on an analysis that encompasses an ecological, socioeconomic, cultural, political and ethical view.
Representação vetorial distribuída em sistemas de recomendação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-26)
Pires, Pedro Reis
;
Almeida, Tiago Agostinho de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368680512020633
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4012668928932051
Today, with the constant growth in the number of available digital content and ease of access to a huge amount of data, it is increasingly difficult to find relevant information. From this problem, recommender systems have emerged, analyzing user's behavior to issue personalized item recommendations. Currently, most companies have some form of content recommendation on their channels or services. Even so, many problems in the area are not properly solved, such as the high dimensionality and sparsity that the commonly adopted representation model has. Methods have been proposed to solve these problems, representing items and users as dense vectors in a space of reduced dimensionality. One of the most recent techniques in the literature is the use of embeddings-based models, i. e., distributed vector representations generated through artificial neural networks. Many of the latest advances in the area have shown promising results when compared to other already consolidated methods, but the vast majority of proposals suggest the execution of complex neural architectures or the use of content data, which often may not be available int the scenario of the application. In this dissertation, we extend the studies in the field of embeddings-based recommender systems. Through a comprehensive literature review, a new model for generating distributed representation is proposed, with the key points of being computationally efficient and requiring only implicit feedback from users to be trained. The results obtained in extrinsic and intrinsic evaluations, indicate that the model is promising for scenarios where there is need for computationally efficient models, achieving competitive results with state-of-the-art methods that demand greater computational power.
Precious, strategic and toxic elements in electronic waste: bibliometric evaluation, proposition of reference material and direct analysis by laser-based techniques and fluorescence spectrometry
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-26)
Andrade, Daniel Fernandes de
;
Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9837420433041125
Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is among the fastest growing types of solid waste in the world. In addition, this is a complex waste stream when it comes to recycling, due to the large variety of valuable materials and toxic elements present in plastics, metals, glass, ceramics, etc. In this context, the chemical analysis of electronic waste and issues involving the management of this matrix were discussed in this thesis: (1) initially, bibliometric resources were used to evaluate the different topics involving the handling of electronic waste and the evolution of world research; (2) as well, given the lack and difficulty of producing materials to ensure the traceability of measurements and validation of analytical methods, an electronic waste reference material was produced and evaluated following all standards established by ISO guides 30 - 35; (3) finally, different techniques of direct analysis such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and X-ray spectrometry (XRF) were used to develop analytical methods for elementary determination in printed circuit board (PCB) and liquid crystal display (LCD) samples. Bibliometrics proved to be an efficient resource for analyzing past research topics, emerging research hotspots and assess the current status of electronic waste research. Studies involving the analysis of critical elements (e.g. In, Pd, rare earths) and the development of reference materials for e-waste have been identified as gaps in the current literature, which are addressed and discussed in this thesis. New univariate (multi-energy calibration, MEC) and multivariate (data fusion using partial least squares regression, PLS) calibration strategies have been proposed for direct analysis of e-waste samples (i.e. PCB and LCD), through elemental analysis and chemical mapping within the sample surfaces. Considering the applicability, advantages and limitations of each analytical technique used, combined with appropriate chemometric tools, it was possible to propose new methods for analyzing complex matrices such as e-waste, which make it possible to minimize or even eliminate possible interferences, with analytical performance similar or superior to those existing traditional alternatives.
Um novo modelo de sobrevivência Bell-Inversa Gaussiana com fração de cura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-26)
Carregari, Renata Cristina
;
Suzuki, Adriano Kamimura
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4579497412852854
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7248419267823814
In this work we propose a new survival model called the Bell-Inverse Gaussian cure rate. We consider different activation schemes in which the number of factors $M$ has the Bell distribution and the time of occurrence of an event follows the Inverse Gaussian model. The parameters are estimated by the classical and Bayesian methods. In a simulation study, we investigate the mean estimates, biases, mean squared errors and coverage probabilities in different activation schemes. In order to detect possible influential or extreme observations that can cause distortions on the results of the analysis we use the Bayesian method of influence analysis of case deletion based on $\psi$-divergence. Finally, we show the applicability of the proposed model to a real dataset.
Diferentes padrões de resposta vascular à mobilização passiva em pacientes com sepse: investigação do perfil clínico e cardiovascular dos pacientes respondedores e não respondedores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-26)
Kawakami, Débora Mayumi de Oliveira
;
Bonjorno Junior, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305632485050289
;
Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052
Background: Sepsis is a serious organ dysfunction that leads to endothelial damage. Passive mobilization (PM) results in increased blood flow and shear stress. Increased vascular diameter has been observed as a response to physical exercise, although it has not yet been explored in patients with sepsis. Objective: To explore patterns of vascular response to PM and seek associations with the clinical profile, cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) and arterial stiffness in patients with sepsis. Methodology: Cross-sectional, single-arm study. Were included 32 patients diagnosed with sepsis. The PM protocol consisted of dorsiflexion / plantar flexion movements, knee / hips flexion / extension, wrists and elbows and shoulder flexion in 3x10 repetitions, with an interval of 15 seconds between sets and 30 seconds between joints (totaling = 12 minutes). Vascular response was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using brachial artery ultrasound, with the FMD being obtained before and after PM. The Δ PM (to assess the response pattern) and SS (shear stress) were also calculated. Arterial stiffness was assessed by Sphygmocor®️, by analyzing the morphology and pulse wave velocity. The MAC was assessed by analyzing heart rate variability in the time domain (mean HR and RMSSD), frequency (LF, HF) and non-linear (ApEn, SampEn, DFA). Results: Different vascular responses were observed: 1. Increased vascular diameter (responders) (Δ% DMF = 11.89 ± 5.64) and 2. reduction in vascular diameter (non-responders) (Δ% DMF = -7.42 ± 6.44). Responders had a higher Alpha 2 index (p = 0.02). A positive association was identified between ΔFMD and Alpha 2 (r = 0.529; p = 0.03) and SampEn (r = 0.633; p <0.01) and a negative association between ΔFMD and LF (Hz) (r = -0.680; p <0.01) and IL-6 (r = -0.469; p = 0.037). Additionally, a negative association was observed between ΔSS and CRP (r = -0.427; p = 0.03). Conclusion: Patients with sepsis present different patterns of vascular reactivity in relation to passive mobilization. The increased vascular diameter pattern was associated with greater complexity of the autonomic nervous system and inversely related to sympathetic modulation and inflammatory profile.
Cistatinas de cana-de-açúcar: produção recombinante em vacúolos de cana-de-açúcar transgênica (e outros sistemas de expressão em plantas) e estudos de interação com uma pseudo protease do coleóptero Sphenophorus levis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-29)
Shibao, Priscila Yumi Tanaka
;
Silva, Flávio Henrique da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170485433440664
Sphenophorus levis (Curculionidae: Coleoptera) is one of the major pests of sugarcane crop in Brazil and presents cysteine proteases as main digestive enzymes. In this project, we report the characterization of Sl-CathL-CS, a variant of the main digestive cathepsin (Sl-CathL) of the insect S. levis that presents a serine residue instead of a cysteine in the catalytic site at position 138. In addition, a mutant enzyme, in which serine 138 was replaced by a cysteine residue was produced and named Sl-CathL-mutSC. Sl-CathL-CS did not show proteolytic capacity, but Sl-CathL-mutSC was able to hydrolyze milk proteins and the substrate Z-Phe-Arg-AMC (Vmax = 1017.6 ± 135.55 and Km = 10.766 mM). This mutant was inhibited by E-64 (Ki = 38.52 ± 1.2 μM), but not by PMSF, which is an inhibitor of serine proteases, and the static docking showed the difference of the active site of the two proteins. Interaction assay between them and the cystatin CaneCPI-1 revealed that Sl-CathL-CS has greater interaction with this cystatin, indicating that the protein can assist in the insect digestive process by interacting with the plant cystatins thus allowing the true proteases to work. Considering the importance of the cystatin/cysteine proteases interaction, Laboratory of Molecular Biology has dedicated itself to the study of sugarcane cystatins, being responsible for the identification and characterization of six of them (CaneCPI-1 to CaneCPI-6). Among them, CaneCPI-5 presented high inhibitory capability against Sl-CathL, which is the main digestive enzyme of the insect, besides inhibiting other cysteine cathepsins. Interestingly, this cystatin can protect tooth enamel against acid erosion and cavities. For this reason, there is a need to upscale its production to fulfill potential industrial demand. In this work, CaneCPI-5 was produced in a plant-based system by cell lysates (cell-free systems) of Nicotiana tabacum cv Bright Yellow cells (BY-2 cells), transient expression in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana and stable expression in BY-2 cells. It was possible to obtain 25 μg of purified protein per gram of infiltrated leaf and the protein showed similar inhibition (Ki = 10 nM) to that of CaneCPI-5 produced in bacteria. CaneCPI-5 was also produced in transgenic sugarcane vacuoles and was purified from its juice, yielding 200 ug per mL, which, in the field, would allow the production of up to 15.3 kg of protein per hectare of sugarcane. The transgenic sugarcane events had their resistance against the attack of S. levis larvae assessed, however the transgenic clones failed to express the protein in the juice after propagation in the greenhouse, which may have occurred by gene silencing. This may have been responsible for them not showing increased resistance.
Conhecimento, uso e aceitabilidade do Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) por cirurgiões-dentistas da atenção básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-29)
Madastavicius, Sheila Cristina Leite
;
Aquilante, Aline Guerra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1425588129288407
This study is part of the research line “Management of Care, Work and Education in Health” of the Postgraduate Program in Clinical Management at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos-Brazil. Because of the intrinsic relationship between this Professional Masters’ project with health policies, this research investigated the knowledge and opinions of dentists working in Primary Care in the city of São Carlos on Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) and the receptivity of these professionals to use the strategy in the public service. This is an exploratory, observational, cross-sectional, and institutional study, based on a study population of 50 dentists, which corresponds to the total number of professionals working in primary care in the municipal network, 41 of whom answered the questionnaire. The variables herein investigated involved the following: general characteristics of the participants, their knowledge, suggestions, and materials used in the ART technique; intended use and actual use of ART in the public service; and potential barriers of not applying the ART technique, such as: operator’s opinion; operator’s opinion about the patient’s perception; workload; material support; clinical expertise for ART; supervision of the oral health service; oral health assistant. Descriptive analyses were performed on the following data: characterization of the participating professionals, frequency of responses, and comparison with their expected response, as well as associations between the usage and intended use variables and other variables of all blocks using the chi-square test or Fisher's Exact Test (significance value < 0.05). Regarding the general characteristics of the participants, 80.49% graduated before 1995 and 58.54% had more than 25 years of experience in public service. Regarding knowledge of the researched individuals, their suggestions, and the material used in the ART technique, it was noteworthy that 46.34% of the individuals understood it to be a type of provisional intervention or the same as the suitability of the environment; when analyzing the uses and intended application of the ART technique, 90.24% believed this strategy interrupts the process of caries and prevents the loss of the dental element and 70.73% agreed that it should be widely used in Primary Care. Concerning the barriers to not applying the technique, 46.34% of the participants considered it to be an inferior treatment when compared to other restorative techniques and only 39.02% indicated that the manager understands the concept of ART. In view of these findings and given the need for non-invasive procedures in oral health care services due to the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, a proposal for ART training for dentists in primary care in São Carlos-SP will be developed in collaboration with the Oral Health Coordination of the city administration.
Determinantes das emissões de gases de efeito estufa da economia brasileira: uma análise de decomposição estrutural (2010 a 2017)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-29)
Campos, Carlos Eduardo Espinel
;
Castro, Eduardo Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5702172673123334
;
Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3455553543736709
The evolution of the concentration of different gases in the Earth's atmosphere is a worrying phenomenon, because the ongoing process of global warming is not explained only by natural causes and is largely due to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), which are aggravated by human activities, in particular transport-related emissions. Thus, this study aims to assess the structural changes in the Brazilian economy (level of intensity, technology, structure of final demand, volume of final demand, size of the population, among others) related to GHG emissions, from both an aggregate and sectoral point of view and, in this case, focusing on the transport sector, which is responsible for a large volume of GHGs emitted in Brazil. The methodology applied was the structural decomposition analysis (SDA) with an environmental approach, based on input-output matrices estimated for Brazil, between 2010 and 2017 and data from the Sistema de Estimativa de Emissões e Remoções de Gases de Efeito Estufa (SEEG). The results showed that Brazil showed an increase in its level of GHG emissions, fueled both by technological effects and by effects linked to final demand. Therefore, the intensity of emissions and changes in production technologies in economic sectors, combined with population growth and the level of final demand, have contributed to the increase in pollutant emissions in the country. From a sector perspective, the ‘Land Transport’ sector has been characterized as an intense pollutant, as it emits a high level of pollution per monetary unit produced and indirectly influences GHG emissions in other economic activities.
Consequências da exposição intra-uterina ao agonista canabinóide WIN 55,212-2: impacto sobre o sistema cardiorrespiratório e ciclo sono-vigília durante o desenvolvimento em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-30)
Patrone, Luis Gustavo Alexandre
;
Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833369074938340
Policies for the flexibility and legalization of Cannabis use in several countries has increased considerably in recent years and the use of drugs of abuse during pregnancy can affect the development of physiological systems including the respiratory control network, mainly due to the susceptibility of the prenatal period to external and pharmacological interventions resulting in possible consequences in the offspring’s postnatal life. Cannabis psychoactive compounds can act directly on the endocannabinoid system present in the Central Nervous System (CNS) already in the early stages of embryonic development, being an important element for structural and functional regulation of CNS maturation, including for the areas responsible for cardiorespiratory control. However, despite the increased consumption of this substance during pregnancy, knowledge about the influence of exogenous cannabinoids on the development of the respiratory system and the consequences on postnatal life is limited. The present study evaluated the possible effects of cannabinoid receptor (CB) agonist exposure during pregnancy on the respiratory control system of neonatal (P0, P6-7 and P12-13), juvenil (P27-28) and adult (P80-81) male and female rats through subcutaneous implantation of osmotic pumps in pregnant female rats at embryonic day 0 and delivered vehicle or agonist (WIN 55212-2, 0.5 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. WIN exposure interfered in a sex-specific maner with breathing regulation of offspring, thereby promoting a greater sensitivity to CO2 in neonatal, juvenile and adult males. An altered chemoreflex in response to hypoxia was observed in P0 and P6-7 newborn males. In females, prenatal treatment resulted only in a hyperventilation during hypercapnia at juvenile age and a reduced ventilatory response to CO2 and O2 at adulthood. In addition, brainstem neuroanatomical analysis showed an increase in the number of catecholaminergic neurons and CB1 receptor expression and alteration of tissue respiration in early stages of males. A significant reduction in lung compliance was also observed in treated juvenile males. Finally, cardiovascular changes were also observed for male and female animals in adulthood due to prenatal WIN exposure. These findings demonstrate that exposure to the cannabinoid receptor agonist during pregnancy results in prolonged and sex-dependent consequences for the cardiorespiratory control system.
Determinação social da saúde e sofrimento psíquico na universidade: uma pesquisa com estudantes do Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação (ICMC) do campus da USP de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-30)
Silva, Emanuela Pap da
;
Barbosa Neto, Jair Borges
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9551566039906499
;
Bleicher, Taís
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9075358493860166
Questions about psychic suffering are often associated with the university environment, and they represent challenges that require institutional policies to be sought. It is crucial to understand how psychic suffering manifests in different university contexts, to know which are its actual dimensions and determinants. Through a critical perspective, knowledge about psychic suffering can allow the interpretation of the health-disease process of organizing social life, work, and social reproduction. This study intends to identify the prevalence of psychic suffering and its associations based on the understanding of social determination in health among undergraduate and graduate students at USP São Carlos, at one of its teaching units, the Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences (ICMC). The research was based on an exploratory epidemiological population, observational, cross-sectional, institutional studies with a critical analysis of 310 undergraduate students and 122 graduate students. The data collection was carried out electronically between September and November 2020, through a self-administered questionnaire composed of a socio-demographic inventory and on health issues and the instrumental Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), which signals the presence of psychological suffering by screening for Common Mental Disorders (CMDs). Data was exported to the RStudio program (R CORE TEAM, 2020) and the Stata program version 14 (College Station, Texas, USA) to analyze distributions and associations. Among undergraduate students, the results showed a general prevalence of CMDs was 72.9%. There was an association with family per capita income, income variation from the period before the pandemic caused by COVI-19 and the moment of research, being a cisgender woman, LGBTQIA+ sexual orientation, reporting difficulty in staying at the University, being followed up with a mental health professional and making use of psychiatric medication. In the adjusted analysis, we found an association and odds ratio between positive screening for CMDs and being a cisgender woman (OR = 2.69), reporting difficulties in staying at the University (OR = 3.45) and being monitored by a mental health professional (OR = 3.74). For graduate students, the general prevalence of CMDs was 72.1%. We found an association with family per capita income, reporting difficulty staying at the University, being monitored by a Mental Health professional, and using psychiatric medication. In the adjusted analysis, we found an association and odds ratio between positive screening for CMDs and difficulty staying at the University (OR = 10.3). The prevalence of psychic suffering was high in both groups. These findings can serve as the basis for the development and improvement of public policies for Student Assistance in the context of Collective Health and the Unified Health System. Among the recommendations is the strengthening of the national assistance policy student, with the expansion of coverage to graduate students, strengthening and creating actions and diversity policies that combat prejudice and discrimination at the national and local levels. It is necessary to consider the transformation of the university environment as well as beyond its limits, considering that what is lived at the university is also a reflection of life outside it.
Um modelo de suporte à decisão para seleção e priorização de KPIs baseados nos sete desperdícios do Lean Logistics e no Balanced Scorecard
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-30)
Santos, José Rodolfo Laurentino dos
;
Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9794870424222532
The definition of an efficient set of performance indicators can guide the organizations to reach its main strategics objectives. It is understood as an efficiente set, when the organization have a number of indicators that cover its process but in an adequate amount. In addition, such indicators can be used as a guide for the deployment of all tactical and operational actions that organizations perform. Methodologies based on continuous improvement use indicators for the measurement and control of leaner alternatives in its processes, among which, the logistical processes. In parallel, strategic deployment methodologies such as the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) assist in translating the organizations strategic objectives into their operations. The Lean Logistics is a derivation of lean manufacturing, which focuses on the logistics processes between supply chain agents as well as the internal logistics processes of organization. The focus of lean logistics is to oppose the seven wastes of lean philosophy, applied to logistics processes, as: Overprodutction, Waiting, Transportation, Motion, Defects, Inventory and over-processing. Relating the themes presented, this research proposes a model for the selection and definition of a set of indicadors or KPIs (key performance indicators), necessary for the measurement and control of seven wastes of lean logistics, prioritized by the organization’s strategy, based on the BSC four perspectives. This set of indicators, identified through a literature review, was grouped according to the seven wastes, and used later within a selection method. The use of DEMATEL and AHP decision support tools, helped to choose the main indicators, primarily through the waste in which they were grouped and after ranked considering the BSC’s perspectives as criteria. The research is done through a case study, carried out in a large company, in a moment of the implementation of lean philosophy. As a result, a model proposal was developed to assist the definition and prioritization of indicators, in addition to providing a list of indicators ranked to control the logistics processes, based on the seven wastes of lean logistics and the perspectives of the BSC. These indicators were sufficient to cover the 7 wastes according to the initial grouping. The solution suggested by the methodology considers a final set of seven indicators ranked according to the preference of decision makers in operational and strategic biases within the applied case study, considering the indicators based on financial perspectives as more applicable to support the strategies of the organization.
Quinoa e amaranto: aspectos gerais, hábito de compra e consumo e cinética de hidratação dos grãos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-31)
Schmidt, Davi
;
Forti, Victor Augusto
;
Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) are pseudocereals with elevated nutritional and functional qualities. The first chapter presents a review of the literature on quinoa and amaranth, highlighting their morphological, agronomic, nutritional and socioeconomic aspects. In the second chapter, the objective was to identify the profile of consumers of quinoa and amaranth in addition to observing their consumption habits in relation to these foods. The data was collected through the application of an online questionnaire, which contained questions about the consumer's profile, the knowledge and consumption of quinoa and amaranth, the diversification of food and the preference and choice of packaging. In the third chapter, the objective was to evaluate the hydration kinetics of quinoa and amaranth grains, in order to observe the transfer of water mass to the grains. Tests were carried out at four temperatures (25, 50, 75 and 100 °C), monitoring the mass gain by water absorption and applying the Peleg model to the data obtained. It was concluded that quinoa and amaranth have great potential for composing functional diets, bringing benefits to the health of those who consume them, and that broader dissemination of these foods can contribute to their inclusion in the diet of more and more people.
San Tiago Dantas: ideias e rumos para a Revolução Brasileira (1929-1964)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-31)
Ribeiro, Renato Ferreira
;
Cepêda, Vera Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9352262891584264
Francisco Clementino de San Tiago Dantas (1911-1964) was a jurist, politician and intellectual from Rio de Janeiro who played an important role in Brazilian public life between 1929 and 1964. His intellectual production and political action are deeply connected to the construction of the centralized national State in Brazil and to the country’s transition from agrarian to urban, industrial society. Similar to several other intellectuals of his generation, San Tiago Dantas began his trajectory linked to the Brazilian Integralist Action (a fascist inspired movement), converting to the democratic and developmental field after World War II and becoming a leader and an ideologist of the Brazilian Labor Party in the 1950s and 1960s. The objective of this thesis is to investigate Dantas social trajectory - highlighting his networks of relationships and attachment to groups - and his intellectual production - seeking to map his theoretical and political-ideological formulations - in the period from 1929 to 1964. In the research, I used published and unpublished texts by the author (books, speeches, manuscripts, interviews, transcripts of classes and courses), correspondence sent and received, memories and interviews of contemporary characters and newspaper and magazine reports. The analysis of this material allowed the identification of three political-ideological phases in the trajectory of San Tiago Dantas, described in this thesis: 1) catholic/ integralist (1929-1945); 2) non-nationalist developmentalist (1945-1955); 3) laborist/reformist developmentalist (1955-1964).
Avaliação de geradores automáticos de dados de teste com ênfase no teste de mutação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-31)
Araujo, Filipe Santos
;
Vincenzi, Auri Marcelo Rizzo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0611351138131709
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5213023573055458
Context: With the increasing presence of technology in daily life, it is crucial to guarantee the quality of software products, which can be reached by testing activity. However, testing is highly expensive, once it is responsible for, in most cases, more than half of the software development cost. Among the existing testing criteria, mutation testing is highlighted once it is capable of revealing specific faults in software. Although mutation testing is effective, test data generation and live mutants analysis make the activity unfeasible because it is still required considerable human intervention. Goals: Therefore, this paper aims at evaluating four automatic test data generators (EvoSuite, JTeXpert, Palus, and Randoop), focusing on mutation testing, by measuring adequacy, effectiveness and cost. The first three of these generators implement heuristics during test data generation and they are evaluated both individually and combined, using as baseline a randomic generator. Method: Such generators are compared by conducting an experiment with 33 software products implemented in Java. Adequacy is measured regarding statement coverage, effectiveness regarding mutation score and cost regarding the number of generated test cases. For each generator we generated 10 different test sets for each one of the 33 analysed programs, totaling 1320 distincts test sets. Results: Results show, when we analyze the generators individually, it is not possible to conclude there is a difference between them. However, when we combine the heuristic-based generators, it is possible to conclude there is significant improvement when compared to the randomic generator. Moreover, when we combine all generators, including the randomic one, we obtained improvments of 0,2% in statement coverage and 4% in effectiveness, but we also obtained a significant increase in cost. Conclusion: In general, we observe there is a complementary aspect between the three automatic test data generators and they should be combined to improve the quality of test sets regarding mutation score. However, even with such combination, there is still 25% of the generated mutants which remain alive, indicating there is still room for improvements on quality of the used generators.