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Conhecimento, uso e aceitabilidade do Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) por cirurgiões-dentistas da atenção básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-29) Madastavicius, Sheila Cristina Leite; Aquilante, Aline Guerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1425588129288407
This study is part of the research line “Management of Care, Work and Education in Health” of the Postgraduate Program in Clinical Management at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos-Brazil. Because of the intrinsic relationship between this Professional Masters’ project with health policies, this research investigated the knowledge and opinions of dentists working in Primary Care in the city of São Carlos on Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) and the receptivity of these professionals to use the strategy in the public service. This is an exploratory, observational, cross-sectional, and institutional study, based on a study population of 50 dentists, which corresponds to the total number of professionals working in primary care in the municipal network, 41 of whom answered the questionnaire. The variables herein investigated involved the following: general characteristics of the participants, their knowledge, suggestions, and materials used in the ART technique; intended use and actual use of ART in the public service; and potential barriers of not applying the ART technique, such as: operator’s opinion; operator’s opinion about the patient’s perception; workload; material support; clinical expertise for ART; supervision of the oral health service; oral health assistant. Descriptive analyses were performed on the following data: characterization of the participating professionals, frequency of responses, and comparison with their expected response, as well as associations between the usage and intended use variables and other variables of all blocks using the chi-square test or Fisher's Exact Test (significance value < 0.05). Regarding the general characteristics of the participants, 80.49% graduated before 1995 and 58.54% had more than 25 years of experience in public service. Regarding knowledge of the researched individuals, their suggestions, and the material used in the ART technique, it was noteworthy that 46.34% of the individuals understood it to be a type of provisional intervention or the same as the suitability of the environment; when analyzing the uses and intended application of the ART technique, 90.24% believed this strategy interrupts the process of caries and prevents the loss of the dental element and 70.73% agreed that it should be widely used in Primary Care. Concerning the barriers to not applying the technique, 46.34% of the participants considered it to be an inferior treatment when compared to other restorative techniques and only 39.02% indicated that the manager understands the concept of ART. In view of these findings and given the need for non-invasive procedures in oral health care services due to the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, a proposal for ART training for dentists in primary care in São Carlos-SP will be developed in collaboration with the Oral Health Coordination of the city administration.
Cistatinas de cana-de-açúcar: produção recombinante em vacúolos de cana-de-açúcar transgênica (e outros sistemas de expressão em plantas) e estudos de interação com uma pseudo protease do coleóptero Sphenophorus levis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-29) Shibao, Priscila Yumi Tanaka; Silva, Flávio Henrique da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170485433440664
Sphenophorus levis (Curculionidae: Coleoptera) is one of the major pests of sugarcane crop in Brazil and presents cysteine proteases as main digestive enzymes. In this project, we report the characterization of Sl-CathL-CS, a variant of the main digestive cathepsin (Sl-CathL) of the insect S. levis that presents a serine residue instead of a cysteine in the catalytic site at position 138. In addition, a mutant enzyme, in which serine 138 was replaced by a cysteine residue was produced and named Sl-CathL-mutSC. Sl-CathL-CS did not show proteolytic capacity, but Sl-CathL-mutSC was able to hydrolyze milk proteins and the substrate Z-Phe-Arg-AMC (Vmax = 1017.6 ± 135.55 and Km = 10.766 mM). This mutant was inhibited by E-64 (Ki = 38.52 ± 1.2 μM), but not by PMSF, which is an inhibitor of serine proteases, and the static docking showed the difference of the active site of the two proteins. Interaction assay between them and the cystatin CaneCPI-1 revealed that Sl-CathL-CS has greater interaction with this cystatin, indicating that the protein can assist in the insect digestive process by interacting with the plant cystatins thus allowing the true proteases to work. Considering the importance of the cystatin/cysteine proteases interaction, Laboratory of Molecular Biology has dedicated itself to the study of sugarcane cystatins, being responsible for the identification and characterization of six of them (CaneCPI-1 to CaneCPI-6). Among them, CaneCPI-5 presented high inhibitory capability against Sl-CathL, which is the main digestive enzyme of the insect, besides inhibiting other cysteine cathepsins. Interestingly, this cystatin can protect tooth enamel against acid erosion and cavities. For this reason, there is a need to upscale its production to fulfill potential industrial demand. In this work, CaneCPI-5 was produced in a plant-based system by cell lysates (cell-free systems) of Nicotiana tabacum cv Bright Yellow cells (BY-2 cells), transient expression in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana and stable expression in BY-2 cells. It was possible to obtain 25 μg of purified protein per gram of infiltrated leaf and the protein showed similar inhibition (Ki = 10 nM) to that of CaneCPI-5 produced in bacteria. CaneCPI-5 was also produced in transgenic sugarcane vacuoles and was purified from its juice, yielding 200 ug per mL, which, in the field, would allow the production of up to 15.3 kg of protein per hectare of sugarcane. The transgenic sugarcane events had their resistance against the attack of S. levis larvae assessed, however the transgenic clones failed to express the protein in the juice after propagation in the greenhouse, which may have occurred by gene silencing. This may have been responsible for them not showing increased resistance.
Determinantes das emissões de gases de efeito estufa da economia brasileira: uma análise de decomposição estrutural (2010 a 2017)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-03-29) Campos, Carlos Eduardo Espinel; Castro, Eduardo Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5702172673123334; Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3455553543736709; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9466405488124487
The evolution of the concentration of different gases in the Earth's atmosphere is a worrying phenomenon, because the ongoing process of global warming is not explained only by natural causes and is largely due to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), which are aggravated by human activities, in particular transport-related emissions. Thus, this study aims to assess the structural changes in the Brazilian economy (level of intensity, technology, structure of final demand, volume of final demand, size of the population, among others) related to GHG emissions, from both an aggregate and sectoral point of view and, in this case, focusing on the transport sector, which is responsible for a large volume of GHGs emitted in Brazil. The methodology applied was the structural decomposition analysis (SDA) with an environmental approach, based on input-output matrices estimated for Brazil, between 2010 and 2017 and data from the Sistema de Estimativa de Emissões e Remoções de Gases de Efeito Estufa (SEEG). The results showed that Brazil showed an increase in its level of GHG emissions, fueled both by technological effects and by effects linked to final demand. Therefore, the intensity of emissions and changes in production technologies in economic sectors, combined with population growth and the level of final demand, have contributed to the increase in pollutant emissions in the country. From a sector perspective, the ‘Land Transport’ sector has been characterized as an intense pollutant, as it emits a high level of pollution per monetary unit produced and indirectly influences GHG emissions in other economic activities.