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Análise da interação compressor-tubo capilar na adaptação de um sistema de refrigeração de R134a para R290 ou R600
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-01)
Jesus, Gabriel Fernandes Freitas de
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Ávila, Márcio Turra de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8581555057590142
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6110691088236313
In a context with environmental concern getting more and more importance, products that are aggressive to the environment are receiving less and less demand. For instance, the refrigeration industry is being directed to abandon some not ecological refrigerant fluids (CFCs e HFCs).Just as the R134a has replaced the R22, today the goal is to replace the R134a by more ecological fluids as R600a and R290. In that way, this monograph has as principal objective to analyze the transition of a refrigeration system, which works originally with R134a, to R600a and R290. For that, it was realized a theoretical comparison study, looking for analyzing the impacts that this change causes to the mass flow. It was used a numerical modelings which involved volumetric efficiency for the compressor and the capillary tube length’s calculus. The goal is to achieve the mass flow balance on the system. It was observed that the superheat influence to the capillary tube length is not expressive in comparison to the evaporation temperature. In all the cases, R600a needed a bigger length to the same difference of pressures in comparison to R134a and R290. Besides that, at evaporation temperature equal to -15ºC, an interchangeability is observed between R134a and R290. In that case, it is possible to switch the gas of the circuit with no changes at the capillary tube length. For the R600a, that is not possible at all the studied conditions.
Estudo de percepção das atividades de coordenação e compatibilização de projetos de edificações nos processos tradicionais e nos processos BIM: o caso de São Carlos (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-01)
Teixeira, Gabriel Araujo
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Silva, Sandra Regina Mota
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973870842834947
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5451540033439484
Inside the theme of projects management, the present work had the purpose of investigate and analyze building projects’ coordination and compatibilization, starting from data and reflections about procedures shapes applied on these processes. Firstly, as part of the Literature Review, it was made a research into technical and scientific papers, searching for methods and contributions that uses traditional models and modern models based in BIM (Building Information Modeling). The repertoire due this research provided the necessary subsidy to build a practical study, based on quizzes/interviews, using Google Forms, about practices and procedures adopted by architecture and engineer companies that works at São Carlos (SP). This work investigation’s double character, with theoretical and practical bases, tried to compare the different methods to better understand the projects’ current scenery on this region, as evaluate its tendencies, identifying that the transition between project’s methods is occurring, instead of the low rhythm, and the professionals mindset about the themes of project’s coordination and compatibilization, and also the quality of their products, exists and is growing.
Conhecimento metacognitivo e diferentes momentos da escolha: compreendendo o processo da escolha profissional e suas relações com componentes metacognitivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-01)
Foresto, Emanuelle dos Passos
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Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9852211884449955
Professional choice is characterized as a process that concerns the construction of the occupational trajectory of individuals and can occur throughout life, including the transitions that may arise along this trajectory. In choosing, two large groups of information are important: knowledge of internal sources and knowledge of external sources, thus, based on the accumulation and management of awareness of the aspects involved, subjects are able to decide more assertively and reliably. In this sense, cognitive and metacognitive skills will play a prominent role throughout the process, for example in the stages of knowledge, understanding and coordination of all acquired and processed information. The general objective of the study was to investigate the metacognitive knowledge for choice, verifying whether there is a significant difference between the variables when considering three moments: first choice, implementation/crystallization and change in choice. In addition, the specific objectives involved the elaboration of the materials used in data collection and the investigation of influencing aspects in the choice, also considering these three moments. For this, two protocols were developed: the Protocol for Assessment of Aspects Involved in Choice and the Protocol for Assessment of Metacognitive Knowledge for Professional Choice. The sample consisted of 108 participants with a mean age of 22.5 years, distributed into groups according to the moment in which they were found. The composition of the groups was as follows: 29 in the first choice group, 49 in the implementation of choice and 30 in the change in choice group. A significant difference was observed in the scores of the Metacognitive Knowledge Assessment Protocol for Professional Choice between first-choice and implementation of choice groups, which may be related to the degrees of development of these skills, whether due to the influence of age group and/or exposure to environments that influence its use and evolution. In addition, for the three sample groups, the main aspects indicated as most influential in the choice were: identification with professional performance, personal values and course subjects.
"É estudo do meio, não passeio!": a educação ambiental crítica através do vínculo entre escolas e unidades de conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-01)
Lobo, Lara Bittar
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Mariano, Neusa de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5003743301847104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1233497225721187
This paper proposes to discuss the contribution of critical Environmental Education to the perspective of environmental studies carried out in Conservation Units, through the analysis of the Management Plan for the National Forest of Ipanema in concomitance with the laws and educational and environmental guidelines that dialogue about the presence of this educational perspective in formal and non-formal teaching spaces. This discussion took place through the rescue of the man-nature relationship through the concepts “nature”, “ecology” and “environment”, which enable the construction of critical Brazilian environmental thinking, together with the concept of “interdisciplinarity” and “study of the environment”, dialoguing with the dialectical approach to properly consider the histories of human intervention in the environment, where critical AE will converge directly on this dynamic. The discussion ends with the report of the experience of a public school teacher who, by exposing his whole process of articulation between the school and the conservation unit in question, demonstrates that his practice converges directly with the elements brought along job.
Estudo dos condicionantes espaciais para avaliação imobiliária utilizando técnicas de inteligência artificial – São Paulo/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-01)
Honda, Felipe Pereira
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Melanda, Edson Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1554762456965991
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8554345401299021
The increase in the supply of real estate in recent years has influenced the increase in credit, and, however, has raised sales prices. However, the measurement of real estate values is still a very complex process, as it is influenced by numerous factors, among them physical, geolocation and political-economic. Thus, the objective of this research is to present which variables are relevant in the formation of the value of urban properties using artificial intelligence technique. It was decided to use the decision tree technique for mining and statistical analysis, created from the Randon Forest algorithm. Through mining it was possible to notice that there is a strong correlation between the categories and subcategories analyzed, and, however, the influence they have on the formation of the value of urban properties in the 32 administrative regions of the municipality. Among the factors that had the greatest influence on the value of the properties were the proximity to Shopping Centers, police stations, areas where geological hazards occur, slums, consulates, fire departments and train stations. It was also found that the different environmental aspects, positive and negative, influence the real estate valuation and that the adopted methodology is efficient in the evaluation of large databases, as well as an important tool for decision making and for urban planning.
Análise de chatter no torneamento de aço endurecido utilizando o método de elaboração de diagramas de lóbulos de estabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-01)
Fernandes, Matheus Broder
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Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2314535766668767
Chatter is a self-excited phenomenon that affects manufacturing processes, which causes a poor surface quality in final pieces, excessive tool wear, waste of material and uncomfortable noise, causing financial loss and bad operation conditions to the operator. This phenomenon can be found in most traditional metal cutting processes. This study researches the occurrence of chatter in Turning operations for specimen of tool-steel class O ASTM A681-O1 using the development of Stability Lobes Diagram (SLD) in 6 different modellings of a metal Lathe considering 2 and 6 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) and rigid or flexible operation conditions. The investigation was based on adopting parameter obtained on the references and estimate some other to get the SLD in graphic of Depth of Cut alim versus the Lathe spindle speed n, after that, compare the parameters adopted in the four condition of cutting of the reference. It was found that for chatter identification processes through SLD, modelling can cause a serious impact in the results obtained, given that using a poor representative model, considering the Lathe a 2 DOF mass-spring-damper system in which the bed mass is the mass of the system, and the spring and dumping coefficients between the bed and ground are the system coefficients, the system was tagged as stable, being safe for chatter occurring. However, when considering the model as a 2 DOF mass-spring-damper system in which the tool plus tool holder mass is the mass of the system, and the spring and dumping coefficients between the tool plus tool holder and the turret are the system coefficients or considering a 6 DOF model dependent on each other, the system was tagged as unstable, in which the phenomenon might have occurred. Finally, one could be noticed that in orde to get a better surface quality in specimens, the author could use better parameters of cutting, like a higher spindle speed or a lower depth of cut.
Agenda de políticas públicas nos governos Dilma e Temer: suas características e a relação com o plano de governo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Andrade, João Vitor dos Santos
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Capella, Ana Cláudia Niedhardt
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5810332148425938
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1119437863992427
This research is part of the field of study of public policies, more precisely the stage of setting priorities and forming the government agenda (policy agenda-setting). From the theoretical and methodological framework developed and improved over the last decades by researchers in the field, with emphasis on the theory of Punctuated Equilibrium by Baumgartner and Jones (1993) and the Multiple Streams model by Kingdon (2014), we studied the variation on the governmental agenda of the presidency of the Republic under the governments of Dilma Rousseff and Michel Temer (2015-2018). The period that encompasses the research was marked by an impeachment that changed the composition of the government, changing both the actors present in this sphere of decision (turnover) as well as the agenda of priorities in public policies. The objective of the study was to highlight points of proximity and distance between the attention given to public problems at both times and to compare them with the Government Plan, a document that contains the agenda released to voters during the electoral campaign, pointing out what has changed and what causes of change. Thus, we analyzed the variation in attention over time based on the data obtained through the content analysis of normative and non-normative documents related to the government and the candidacy of the elected slate. From the results, we can see that in the agenda presented during the election there was a high attention to issues related to macroeconomics, a characteristic that remained on the agenda of both governments with a continuous increase year after year, albeit with a change in specificities. Issues related to social policies and civil rights, on the other hand, have seen a reduction in attention. The effects of the economic and political crises had an impact on the agenda, leaving economic and administrative issues in evidence and taking away the centrality of the others, in addition to reducing the diversity of the agenda that started to focus on a reduced number of issues.
Custo de frete e emissão de gee na substituição da frota de carretas por rodotrens em uma empresa do ramo alimentício
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Geromel, Leticia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656343277991754
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Faria, Luiz Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656343277991754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8817398231300821
This study aimed to estimate the cost of freight and emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) from diesel combustion, by replacing the Trucks fleet with Road Trains in the operation between the cities of Novo Horizonte/SP and Alcântara/RJ from a food company, in this case, sugar. The study was implemented during eleven months, a period in which the difference between the freight price between the two vehicles can be calculated according to their respective load capacities. The "Bottom-up" method was used, using data such as the average age of the fleet to determine the emission factors for each pollutant and the number of monthly trips by Trucks and Road Trains performed in the eleven month period. Furthermore, the calculated values were converted to the equivalent unit of carbon dioxide, so that they could be compared. The Road Train, as it ships 60% more cargo than the Truck, brought a total savings of R$ 210.156,00 in the period of the study. The values found for the Truck vehicle throughout the period were 517.252,73kgCO2eq for CO2, 736.49kgCO2eq for CH4 and 5.436,03kgCO2eq for N2O. And for the Road Train vehicle the results were 323.338,04kgCO2eq for CO2, 460.39kgCO2eq for CH4 and 3.398,10kgCO2eq for N2O. In view of the savings in freight costs and the reduction in GHG emissions by the Road Train vehicle, it is suggested that the fleet of the Trucks company be replaced by Road Trains.
Avaliação da qualidade do solo em manejo agroflorestal utilizando a Cromatografia Circular de Pfeiffer e indicadores microbiológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Razera, Raissa
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Franco, Fernando Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
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Duarte, Iolanda Cristina Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2626035341263254
Pfeiffer's Circular Chromatography (PCC) is a qualitative indicator of soil, of low cost, accessible and has shown great potential in studies in Agroecology. Among the various types of agroecological management there are the Agroforestry Systems (SAF), which are a set of agricultural practices that reproduce the ecological processes of the forest together with food production while restoring soil quality and ecosystem services. To monitor the changes caused by agroforestry management in the soil, are used indicators of soil quality, with emphasis on bioindicators, mainly microorganisms, which respond quickly to environmental changes. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the soil quality of an Agroforestry System with different forms of management, during the period of 12 months using microbiological indicators and chemical parameters of the soil, correlated with the PCC. The study area is located on the UFSCar Sorocaba-SP campus divided into the plots: SAF control, managed SAF, pasture and Atlantic Forest Fragment. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10 cm and 10- 20 cm, in the dry and rainy seasons. Soil samples were analyzed using PCC and the indicators: total mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria, total fungi, pH, moisture and organic matter. No significant differences were found between the sampling depths 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm for all indicators in all sampled plots. It was found that there was no significant difference between the control SAF and the managed SAF, in the studied period, for all the analyzed indicators. PCC, total mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria and total fungi were sensitive to seasonality between the dry and rainy seasons. There was a positive correlation demonstrated by the central zone (aeration zone) of the PCC, with organic matter and soil moisture. Thus, the intensity of the management applied in the Experimental SAF was not sufficient to cause significant changes in the quality of the soil, during the evaluated period.
A noção de representação na Crítica da Razão Pura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Cunha, Peterson Kenji da
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Santos, Paulo Roberto Licht dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1681044854219924
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4241110341683671
The term representation is present throughout the Critique of Pure Reason, a clear indication of its importance for Kant´s critical investigation. However, despite the assumed importance, at each moment, the use of this term does not seem to indicate or mean the same thing. For this reason, the concept of representation can be considered not only complex, but also diffuse; moreover, this difficulty increases considerably since the notion of representation is, according to Kant, conceptually indefinable. On the one hand, in Jäsche's Logic, Kant maintains that the notion of representation is always presupposed in the the structure of knowledge. On the other hand, both in the Inaugural Dissertation and in the Critique of Pure Reason, there is no attempt to explain this concept satisfactorily, which justifies an extensive investigation of the concept of representation in the first Critique. Our aim is to carry out an analysis of the problem of representation in Kant's theoretical philosophy. It is important to determine how the concept of representation, which cannot be defined, appears in some moments of the Inaugural Dissertation and the Critique of Pure Reason. The last and crucial allows to shed light on how the representation can refer to the consciousness, understood as a the highest principle of all knowledge.
Potencialidades de sistemas agroflorestais integrados com plantas alimentícias não convencionais como estratégia para a restauração ecológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Barbosa, Murilo Rafael
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Penha, Alessandra dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9799774247477252
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3752261793713523
We aimed to do an essay about the potentialities of unconventional food plants when reconciled with agroforestry systems, as an ecological restoration strategy. Due to the accelerated devastation of tropical forests, a consequence of the advance and expansion of territories by agricultural activities, mainly monocultures, it is necessary that reflections on alternative models of ecological restoration have more research focus. The theoretical and practical framework of the ecology of the restoration has enabled reflections on models of environmental adequacy of agricultural landscapes, combined with the conservation of natural resources, based on the contemporary paradigm of sustainability. In this perspective, SAFs are emerging, which can potentially combine forestry, agricultural and / or animal elements, generating a source of income for small and medium farmers, who could at least partially bear the high costs of ecological restoration, and polycultures would meet the demands ecosystems, agricultural and social. Certain plants found spontaneously in the midst of agricultural crops or in places with favorable conditions for their development, are called “unconventional food plants”. These plants have numerous benefits when compared to conventional vegetables, for example, high nutritional contents, they can be consumed in a healthy way in the diet, they produce vegetable biomass, and they can contribute to the life of the farmer in the field. Therefore, it is possible to model an agroforestry system integrated with PANC to increase food production in a sustainable and diversified manner, in addition to contributing as a strategy for the restoration of degraded natural ecosystems, safeguarding food security, income and rural assistance.
Das categorizações aos valores referenciais: a (in)definição linguística em construção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Facundes, Leonildes Pessoa
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Onofre, Marilia Blundi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4908382415301882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9216195900640868
Dans cette thèse, nous avons développé une étude sur la notion d’« indéfinition » vu sur l’approche de la Théorie des Opérations Prédicatives et Énonciatives (TOPE), un cadre théorique sur lequel nous nous appuyons. Cette perspective est confrontée à des approches grammaticales qui prédominent dans l’enseignement qui, dénouant la grammaire du texte, attribuent à la notion d’indéfinition aux classes de mot, telles que l’article indéfini et les pronoms indéfinis. Nous avons décidé d’étudier ce sujet à cause de, d’un côté, notre insatisfaction en tant qu’enseignant dans un cours de lettres par rapport aux approches grammaticales prescriptives et descriptives qui prévalent dans l’enseignement de langue, puisque ces approches sont incongrues quand nous visons le développement de la compétence discursive des élèves, objectif principale de l'enseignement selon les propositions des programmes officiels. D’autre côté, le contact avec la TOPE nous a fait voir la problématique autour des conceptions grammaticales prescriptives et descriptives, quand on considère le processus d’énonciation linguistique. La TOPE met l’accent sur l’articulation lexico-grammatical, ce qui signifie que les traditionnels champs linguistiques fono-morpho-syntaxique-sémantique-énonciatif sont reconnus en articulation. De cette façon, nous nous questionnons sur la notion d’indéfinition appliquée aux classes de l’article et du pronom indéfini. Pour analyser ces classes dans l’énonciation, et ainsi composer notre corpus, nous considérons les occurrences de ces marqueurs, des articles indéfinis et des pronoms indéfinis, dans des contes fantastiques. Ainsi, nous cherchons à analyser de telles occurrences dans l’énonciation en articulant la grammaire au texte. Le choix du genre conte fantastique se justifie au fur et à mesure qu’il se présente comme un contenu d’enseignement du 6e au 9e année du primaire II, notre cadre d’observation, en analysant la grammaire dans la proposition de la TOPE. Dans une première observation, ces marqueurs étaient très présents dans ces contextes, ce qui nous indiquait un possible rôle léxico-grammatical-énonciatif de ces notions à étudier, car dans la TOPE les valeurs référentielles de ces marques de (in)définition sont des opérations des rôles énonciatifs et discursifs dans les constructions des textes. Le pronom indéfini a le même rôle qu’il n’aurait pas besoin d’être dans une classe différente, son rôle référentiel est le même que celui des articles, au niveau morphologique, c’est-à-dire, qu’ils sont des marqueurs de la même nature à la frontière entre définition/indéfinition. Nous concluons que ce sont des mouvements lexico-grammaticaux qui sont dans toutes les classes grammaticales, en vrai ce sont des notions créées dans le texte.
Adaptações curriculares para um aluno com transtorno do espectro do autismo: estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Almeida, Giovana Maria de
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7917584178434008
Autism is a disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate and interact socially, as well as their learning. This case study analyzes pedagogical actions performed by me as a therapeutic companion for an eleven-year-old child with moderate autism. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of social and pedagogical adaptations made within the school environment. This is a qualitative research that developed for two years within a private institution in the interior of São Paulo. Through procedures such as describing the proposed activities, identifying the difficulty in both developing such activities, as well as the difficulties and acceptance of the student in relation to them. The analysis and development of the types of evaluation and the inclusion of the child in the classroom. The conclusions indicate a satisfactory development of the student in relation to their communication, the pleasure and interest in developing pedagogical activities and a remarkable increase in socialization.
Redes Bayesianas para classificação com aprendizado via scoring and restrict: método, aplicação e comparação com métodos tradicionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-05)
Ozelame, Camila Sgarioni
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7872176095436685
This work is an investigation towards the behavior of discrete Bayesian Networks (BN) which aims to solve classification problems. This methodology is based on graphs and probability theories, and it is defined to be a probabilistic graphical model that allows the relationship visualization among (random) variables and, in general, simplifies the understanding of complex domains. To understand their performance, some classifiers were selected to be compared, such as Naïve Bayes (NB), Tree Augmented Naïve Bayes (TAN), K-Dependence Bayesian Network (KDB), Bayesian Network Augmented Naïve Bayes (BAN), and Averaged One-Dependence Estimator (AODE). In general, the performance of the ensemble classifier AODE outperforms the others. In addition, a hybrid method for structure estimation is proposed and it aims the parsimonious classification. The simulation studies show the new method fits the expectation of increase the prediction performance also, balance the number of connections among variables and, the applications in real datasets support the better understanding of the new approach. Finally, a combination of the classifiers via stacking was presented and it indicated an increase in their performances when they were compared to the methods themselves.
Aplicação da metodologia de Aprendizagem baseada em problemas (ABP) no ensino de cinética e reatores químicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-06)
Castro, Pedro Santana de
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Ferreira Palhares, Adriana Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5736423072715628
The active teaching methodologies play, currently, an important role as a counterpoint to the traditional teaching model, which is used to the intense technical training, lectures, and a context in which the student is encouraged to be only a spectator of something that is being presented. To place the student at the center of learning, active methodologies emerge as an alternative that encourages challenging, practical, and contextualized learning. Thus, this undergraduate work aimed to apply the active methodology of Problem-Based Learning (PBL), in the teaching of Kinetics and Chemical Reactors, applied in a class of the Chemical Engineering course at the Federal University of São Carlos. PBL is a method that consists of using problem situations that simulate real situations that the professional may face in their daily work, in order to motivate and direct the student through a learning process based on a work dynamic that is collaborative, contextualized, and multidisciplinary. The application of this study is stimulated, in addition to aspects of improving the learning process, by the need for adaptation to the new National Curriculum Guidelines (NCG’s) of Engineering on the part of higher education courses. The new NCGs, launched in 2019, seek to bring changes in the teaching format and direct which skills are important for the current training of engineering professionals, adapting to the new requirements of today. For the development of this graduation work, problem situations were created that simulated real scenarios of the industry and processes involving catalytic reactors with pressure drop. The work also proposed the evaluation and discussion of learning factors in the process of applying PBL in the context of engineering. The course was taught in the form of non-face-to-face emergency teaching due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the experiment proved to be positive, with the teams formed showing very good performance throughout the discipline. All teams developed consistent results and achieved the learning objectives for heterogeneous reactors, developing the mass balances for the PBR system, understanding how the pressure drop in the bed acts on the reaction and its conversion, in addition to creating models that allowed to find optimal operational conditions for the process. In addition to teaching aspects, students' development in socio-emotional skills was noted, reflected in the good performance of teamwork.
Avaliação dos fatores que influenciam a hidratação de GCLs em subleitos lateríticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-06)
Silva, José Wilson Batista da
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Portelinha, Fernando Henrique Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0791082339645058
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Correia, Natália de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2172645507238077
Currently, the biggest concern in the performance of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) applied in municipal solid waste landfills is in the hydration behavior of this material. Recent studies have shown that the GCLs hydration process from subgrade is influenced by several variables, such as the characteristics of the GCLs, the subgrade initial moisture content, and the dynamics of hydration and rehydration of the liner due to exposure field conditions. As a consequence of insufficient hydration, the GCL may present inferior behavior as barrier. These aspects, however, have not yet been evaluated in tropical climate conditions, as in Brazil, where lateritic soils tend to have higher levels of optimum moisture content than those observed in countries with temperate climates, different mineralogy, and a large portion of fine particles. The present research evaluated the influence of two different lateritic subgrades in the hydration process of GCLs in isothermal (hydration columns) and thermal conditions (physical model). Results showed that the subgrade moisture content significantly impacted the GCL hydration in the two analyzed conditions. The exposure to thermal cycles drastically reduced the ability of the lateritic subgrades to hydrate the GCLs. The shrinkage of the GCL panels was related to the GCL moisture content and the number of thermal cycles applied. In general, the lateritic subgrades showed a limited capacity to hydrate the GCLs, with saturation values lower than expected for the correct performance of these materials. The understanding the GCL hydration behavior requires unsaturated analysis of the subgrade and GCLs and the magnitude of the differential suction between these materials. The characterization of the GCLs after hydration tests showed that the parameters of CEC, SI, and hydraulic conductivity suffered slight variation, with a trend of decrease. The research showed the importance of investigating GCLs under practical installation conditions and the influence of important variables present in this application.
Construções parentéticas encabeçadas por como no português
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-06)
Silva, Diogo Oliveira da
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Stassi-Sé, Joceli Catarina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1314068157460143
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3065245326381138
This research investigates constructions headed by as/like/how in occurrences of the type as it is said, like you know, how is it called?, in the Lusophone varieties, in order to discuss its status under the focus of the Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) by Hengeveld and Mackenzie (2008) and the Textual-Interactive Grammar (TIG) by Jubran (2006). For that, we raised the research questions: (i) how do the constructions headed by as/like/how work in the light of the FDG? (ii) what is the scope of as/like/how according to the FDG Interpersonal and Morphosyntactic Levels? (iii) in the light of TIG, are these constructions brackets? (iv) what is the syntactic ordering process for these constructions? As a general research aim, we seek to functionally describe the constructions initiated by as/like/how. As specific aims, we investigate: (i) the discursive, pragmatic and morphosyntactic properties of constructions initiated by as/like/how (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008); (ii) the as/like/how status in these constructions (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008); (iii) the syntactic ordering process of these constructions (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008); and (iv) their bracketing functions in the discourse (JUBRAN, 2006). The methodology started from the following parameters, summarized here: 1) formal classification of as/like/how; 2) construction layer at the Interpersonal and Morphosyntactic Levels; 3) statute of as/like/how at the Interpersonal and Morphosyntactic Levels; 4) construction ordering and 5) identification of bracketing properties (formal constitution, boundary and function). The criteria were applied to occurrences found in the Lusophone Corpus of Spoken Portuguese, prepared by the Linguistics Center of the University of Lisbon (2009). We start from the assumptions of Stassi-Sé (2012), that the as/like/how, in these morphosyntacticaly independent constructions, works as a Function marker, and the constructions act as bracketing insertions, recurring from the Speaker's pragmatic and communicational intentions. The mentioned parameters helped to reach the final results: the constructions headed by as/like/how were framed as bracketing constructions in seven varieties of the Portuguese language, they are presented as Movements, composed of Discursive Acts, and as/like/how to act as a marker of Interactional functions, presenting Interactive functions Rescue and also Sharing (for Declarative illocutions), and the Interrogative illocutions constituted Interrogative Acts of content, with the item as/like/how working as a meditative question marker (FONTES, 2012), both acting in the monitoring verbal interaction. It is important to highlight the independence of the type of verbal construction (dicendi verbs, knowledge verbs, linking verbs and six other action verbs), to the declarative and interrogative Illocutions and the syntactic positioning of these Linguistic Expressions in Ppre (Pre-Orational Position). These characteristics lead us to observe the tendency of these constructions to act discursively, regardless of the semantic value attributed to the as/like/how traditionally. In these cases, we observed an emptying of meaning in this item, pointing to its grammaticalization process in the construction, whereas its performance in the scope of higher layers of the FDG Interpersonal Level.
Computational modeling of rubber multiaxial pressing applied to ceramic materials
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-07)
Melo, Caiuã Caldeira de
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Canto, Rodrigo Bresciani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316268411830615
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1098228832866096
Uniaxial and isostatic powder pressing are well known processes. However, disadvantages such as the production of heterogeneous parts or low productivity, respectively, are intrinsic drawbacks. Rubber Multiaxial Pressing (RMP) is an alternative process to overcome these disadvantages. In RMP, the pressing tool consists of a flexible rubber mold, confined in a rigid die, where pressing takes place by the action of a piston. This loading is transferred to the powder in the inner cavity of the rubber mold, whose distribution depends on the geometry of the tool parts and the tribological conditions between them. One drawback of RMP lies in the tool design stage due to the challenge of accurately predicting the shape of the flexible mold in its deformed configuration. The complexity of the deformed geometry is due to inhomogeneous strains induced by the nonlinear mechanical behavior of rubber and powder, as well as by the tribological conditions. In this context, this study aims to investigate the process characteristics and use the finite element (FE) simulation to assist in tool design for RMP, thus enabling the manufacture of compacted parts with a geometry that meets the dimensional requirements and a mechanical strength that allows the part to retain its integrity during the next stages of processing. To perform reliable numerical analysis, a characterization of the mechanical behavior of the involved materials is required. Mechanical tests were performed to characterize the rubber used in the mold and the alumina powder. Once the constitutive models were identified, FE analyses of the RMP were performed. The case study explored by this research project was the pressing of an alumina ceramic femoral head for hip implant. Finally, experimental and computational results were compared in order to highlight the accuracy of the numerical analyses implemented.
A pesquisa em ensino de ciências na educação de pessoas jovens e adultas em artigos científicos de periódicos brasileiros (Qualis A) publicados em 2020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-08)
Freire, Maria Júlia
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Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4906309581958797
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0545873840370668
The panorama of knowledge produced on the Teaching of Natural Sciences (Biology, Physics, Geology and Chemistry) in Youth and Adult Education (YAE) evidenced a certain scarcity of investigations with analyses of research published in journals specific to the area of Science Teaching. Knowing this gap, the author investigated in a Scientific Initiation (SI) the perspectives of research on Science Teaching in YAE in scientific articles from Qualis A Brazilian journals, in the period from 1979 to 2019. It is understood that scientific knowledge is indispensable to today's human being and that it is constantly developing, so it is worth expanding the Scientific Initiation investigation in articles about Science Teaching in YAE published in 2020. The general objective of this research was to perform a comparative analysis of the perspectives for conceiving the relationship of Science Teaching in YAE identified in the period 1979-2019 with the period 2020, in Qualis A Science Teaching journals in the Brazilian context, in order to attribute greater consistency to the SI results. For this, we took dialogical learning as a reference, because it (a) provides validity for the development of an education that guarantees maximum levels of learning for everyone, (b) to have been conceived by Ramón Flecha in 1997 starting from the modality of Youth and Adult Education in the context of the information society, and (c) to be apparently in line with Scientific Literacy, which perceives scientific knowledge as indispensable to today's human being in view of the challenges of modern society. To do so, the same method of the SI was applied, of bibliographic research, through the exploration of the (14) Brazilian journals of Science Teaching Qualis A in the evaluation of the quadrennium 2013-2016, in which it was searched for articles that researched the intersection between Science Teaching and YAE. For the qualitative analysis of the results it was also adopted the Textual Discourse Analysis that consists of the processes of unitarization, categorization and communication, having as final product of the analysis a metatext. As for the perspectives obtained in qualitative analysis, for the (a) conceptions of learning the categories found in SI and that remain are objectivist and dialectic, and the dialogic category emerges; (b) for Science Teaching perspectives remain the category of social function of science teaching and subcategory of scientific literacy, emerging as a subcategory of curriculum approach the curriculum in action. The results corroborate (a) a lack regarding the amount of research published in the Qualis A Science Teaching journals investigating the Science Teaching -YAE intersection, and (b) the deficit in fulfilling the reparative, equalizing and permanent functions of YAE, as established by the National Education Council, since the learning conceptions used do not consider such aspects in their foundations.
Cultura infantil, culturas infantis e culturas da infância: polissemias em debate.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-08)
Alonso, Giovana
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Moruzzi, Andrea Braga
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1502374705668286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4896706380829176
This dissertation, inspired by Foucault's genealogy, pursues the concept of “child culture” in order to understand its polysemy, derivations and (in)definitions within the theoretical fields of Childhood Sociology, Early Childhood Education and Childhood Anthropology. Its objective is to map the concept of "child culture" and the way in which it has been mobilized, characterizing the polysemy of the concept and its derivations in the field of Early Childhood Education, Childhood Sociology and Childhood Anthropology, unfolding in the specific objectives, 1) To map and understand the concept of "child culture" in Early Childhood Education, Sociology of Childhood and Anthropology of Childhood researches, based on theoretical productions from the three areas and 2) identify in academic production the way in which the concept "child culture ” is mobilized and how its derivations, such as “children's cultures” and childhood cultures” are presented, what debates they provoke, what themes they carry and what theoretical perspectives they are based on. It starts from the work of Florestan Fernandes, a sociologist considered to be a pioneer in studies related to children and their cultures in Brazil, based on his investigation of folklore. By coining “children's culture” in his writings, Fernandes (1961) understands it as a category of social analysis, turning his gaze to the collective of children and giving visibility to other forms of socialization not considered in the researches of his time until then. Situations related to gender, ethnicity, race, social class and age are highlighted in the trocinhas and frolics investigated by Florestan Fernandes. There is, however, a certain modification and reinterpretation of the concept of “child culture” due to new debates, demands and perspectives that are being adopted with the inauguration of the fields of Childhood Sociology, Early Childhood Education and Childhood Anthropology. Based on a bibliographical survey and genealogical inspiration, 24 Brazilian productions dating from 1999 to 2021 were selected and analyzed. There is a predominance of studies on "child culture", "children's cultures" and "childhood cultures" in magazines of the educational area, showing that the proposed debate on culture is especially related to Early Childhood Education institutions. When composing a genealogy of the Sociology of Childhood, we are faced with prominent countries, theoretical perspectives that underpin it, and themes that are providential in the debates raised within it, such as agency, protagonism, production of culture and children's collective. The same was done with the concept of “child culture”, composing a genealogy about this one that would be able to present their perspectives, theoretical basis and the themes that are parallel and complementary to them. Thus, the issues of time, play, socialization, teacher education and research with children stand out. Among the theoretical basis on which these works are based, the studies by Florestan Fernandes, Manuel Sarmento and Manuel Pinto and Willian Corsaro stand out. Based on the studies analyzed and highlighted throughout this work, it is recognized that the field of Sociology of Childhood and Early Childhood Education grows and strengthens in a tangential way in the Brazilian research scenario and complement each other in relation to the interests for children and childhood . We are faced with a moving, plural and hybrid Sociology of Childhood in Brazil, as it integrates different interests, needs, objectives and methodologies in addition to sociological ones.