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Detecção de câncer de próstata em imagens de microscopia utilizando grafos de contexto glandular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-19)
Mendes, Rodrigo de Paula
;
Comin, Cesar Henrique
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563440403120931
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0502007001258822
Every year a large part of the male population is affected by Prostate Cancer (PCa), with many cases of deaths occurring especially in men over 40 years old. PCa is a pervasive condition that diffuses and manifests itself in a wide range of histological patterns, which can be visualized with details in histological images acquire through biopsy or prostatectomy. Early detection of PCa can improve the prognosis and reduce the risk of death. Currently, the main methodology for the diagnosis of PCa consists of a qualitative analysis carried out by specialists to define the degree of the disease in the so-called Gleason Grading System(GGS), originally defined by Donald Gleason and refined by the International Society of Urological Pathology. Given the importance of identifying abnormal prostate tissue (staging) to improve the prognosis, many computerized methodologies have been developed to assist pathologists in a systematic way for the diagnosis. It is often argued that an improved diagnosis of a tissue region can be obtained by considering measures that take into account various properties of the tissue surroundings, henceforth referred as the context of the tissue. Such a context is considered an important biological factor in staging. This work proposes a new methodology that can be used to systematically define contextual features related to prostate glands. The Gland Context Network (GCN) structure is defined, which is a representation of the prostate sample containing information about the spatial relationship between the glands as well as the similarity between their appearance. It is shown that the GCN can be used to establish contextual features at any spatial scale. Therefore, information that is not easily defined from traditional features can be easily extracted using the proposed approach. In addition, it is identified that even basic properties derived from a GCN can lead to state-of-the-art classification performance in relation to PCa. All in all, GCNs can assist in defining the most effective approaches for PCa detection.
Efeito do teor de titânio no endurecimento por precipitação em uma liga à base de Co-Ni e consequências nas propriedades mecânicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-19)
Miura, Leonardo Hideki
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Jorge Júnior, Alberto Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360362248108490
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8121-9834
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2215712604237709
The alloy subject of this study, designated by the Unified Numbering System, R30035 and internationally known as MP35N®, is a 35 Ni – 33.5 Co – 20.5 Cr – 9.5 Mo alloy with very-high mechanical strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance. Therefore, it is commonly found under extreme conditions in aerospace, medical, motorsport and petrochemical industry components. Due to this wide range of applications, there are different international standards and specifications for the alloy, which define limits on mechanical properties, or specific ranges of chemical composition for the amplification of some particular property, whether mechanical resistance or corrosion. Changes in the chemical composition have greater potential for altering the alloy's further processing. Specifically, the restrictions of the maximum titanium content in 0.1% compared to the usual 1.0%, in some applications, lead to drastic changes in the plastic behavior of the material, and, in its solidification process, observed in this work. To study the effects of this variation on the chemical composition of the alloy, on the mechanical properties, ingots were produced on a pilot scale in a VIM furnace, which were subsequently hot-formed, solubilized and cold-worked. The basic mechanical properties of the materials were evaluated through tensile, hardness and Charpy-V impact tests at room temperature, after aging in the laboratory. The main difference was the material ductility variation associated with the presence of titanium carbides.
Aspectos termodinâmicos e cinéticos do uso de plugues porosos para a remoção de partículas cerâmicas por bolhas inteligentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-19)
Falsetti, Luís Otávio Zaparoli
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Ferreira Muche, Dereck Nills
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6542991023278848
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
Non-metallic inclusions can spoil the mechanical properties of the steel depending on their composition, geometry, size and distribution. In this context, “inclusion engineering” is a rising area in steelmaking industry which studies the modification and removal of ceramic particles from the molten steel. Among the likely tools to withdraw these inclusions, the generation of bubbles through purging plugs shows the advantage of allowing the high productivity demanded by the continuous casting. This process comprises the generation of bubbles, their expansion throughout the ladle, the capture of the ceramic particle and their transfer to the slag phase. Thus, understanding the fundamentals involved in each step is of great importance to master the bubbling in ladles aiming cleaner steels. The present work studied the current practice of steel cleaning using bubbles, analysing the size limits to the capture of ceramic particles and discussing alternatives to obtain cleaner steels. Besides, the infiltration of liquid metal into the porous structure was analysed to minimize the plug maintenance due to clogged metal. Therefore, computational calculations were carried out based on mathematical models for each step of purging plug practice, and the results were validated by comparison with physical simulations from the literature and the industrial practice.
Development of stable and high-performance polyaniline activated carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization desalination
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-19)
Barcelos, Kamilla Malverdi
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Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6167735734348703
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4285214258496042
Capacitive deionization (CDI) emerged as a cost-effective alternative for the desalination of brackish water (salt concentration lower than 10 g L−1). Significant progress in electrode materials in terms of salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and charge efficiency (QE) has been performed in the last few years. However, there are still challenging issues concerning the improvements of the adsorption/desorption kinetics and the electrode stability for long-term operation. In this sense, the main goal of this thesis was the development of stable electrodes of polyaniline (PAni)-activated carbons (PAC) for long-term desalination, with optimized electrosorption/desorption kinetics. The comparison between blade-casting (DB) and free-standing (FS) electrodes of p-toluenesulfonate-doped PAC (PAC/PTS) showed the effects of electrode interparticle porosity and thickness on their textural and electrochemical properties and enabled a better understanding of how tuning the preparation technique of the CDI electrodes can improve the desalination performance, especially in terms of adsorption/desorption kinetics. Although the different electrodes perform similarly in terms of gravimetric salt adsorption capacities, FS electrodes outperform the DB electrodes in terms of volumetric salt adsorption capacities. These carbon films were more compact, and a large quantity of electroactive material was available for salt adsorption. Therefore, if the material cost is not a limitation, the maximum amount of salt could be removed using compact CDI cells with FS electrodes. On the other hand, when the electrosorption and desorption kinetics are considered, the DB electrode presented superior performance, mainly due to its higher interparticle porosity that minimizes the distance of ion diffusion from the bulk solution to the inner surface, thus facilitating the access of the ions to the micropores. These results demonstrated that the faster kinetics provided by enhanced mass transfer in thin electrodes with high interparticle porosity can be decisive for the selection of the best electrode in CDI applications, specially aiming for future applications in flow-through CDI cells. Sequentially, different strategies were studied in order to optimize the desalination performance and the long-term operation stability of PAC/PTS electrodes. Additionally, the new sulfate-doped PAni-activated carbon (PAC/S) was proposed to investigate the influence of chemical and textural properties of the electrodes on the desalination stability. Chemical treatments with ethylenediamine and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane were used to change the chemical surface groups and the potentials of zero charge (EPZC) to more negative values of the materials and promote asymmetry between the electrodes. Symmetric and membrane CDI (MCDI) configurations were also investigated for performance comparison. The control of the potential distribution in asymmetric cells was pointed out as an effective strategy to suppress the carbon oxidation reactions responsible for the SAC loss and improve the long-term stability. However, the best performance and long-term stability were achieved using PAC/PTS electrodes in the MCDI configuration. The use of ion-exchange membranes (IEM) had proved to be a feasible method to improve the electrosorption capacity by reducing the effect of co-ion expulsion and inhibit the faradaic reactions by limiting the transport of the electrochemically active species across the IEM. For this cell configuration, a remarkable value of SAC (~32 mg g-1 at 1.2 V), along with 100% of performance retention was observed over 100 cycles. Our findings enable a better understanding of how to mitigate faradaic reactions and improve the long-term stability of PAC electrodes, thus providing promising electrodes for large-scale CDI applications.
Deposição e caracterização de filmes finos do sistema Zn(1-x)CoxO obtidos por spray pirólise para aplicação em sensor de ozônio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-19)
Onofre Ramirez, Yina Julieth
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Silva, Luís Fernando da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7422167106177474
;
Godoy, Marcio Peron Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2609654784637427
The current concern about reducing the harmful effects of air pollution on environment and human health requires adequate gas sensors that allow an efficient control and monitoring on a wide range of pollutants. This encourages the research on new materials and on the modulation of features in order to allow the optimization of gas sensing properties of the current devices. Herein we investigate the effect of the cobalt concentration and the annealing, under controlled atmosphere, on the structural, microstructural, surface chemistry, optical, and gas sensing properties of Zn(1-x)CoxO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The films were deposited on Si (100) substrates using a acetate route. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the films have the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO phase and that a loss of crystallinity occurs with Co addition. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs revealed the films surface are porous and formed by grains, whose average size decreases with Co addition. X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies results of Co-doped thin films confirmed the presence of Co in the oxidation state +2. The XPS measurements also revealed a higher concentration of oxygen vacancy (Vo) for 2.5 mol% Co film and the effect of annealing in reducing the Vo concentration in films. The pure ZnO film exhibits two broad emission bands in the ultraviolet and green energy range, associated with excitonic transitions NBE and defects related to zinc vacancy (VZn)/ interstitial oxygen (Oi), respectively. Incorporation of Co in ZnO matrix leads to an attenuation of NBE band emission and favored defect-band emissions in the red and the blue energy range, which are respectively attributed to the Co2+ ion, and to the interstitial zinc (Zni)-related defect. The annealing of pure ZnO film promoted the formation of Oi-related defect in the red energy range, and VZn-related defect in infrared energy range when carried out on oxygen and nitrogen atmosphere, respectively. For Co-doped films, the annealing increased the concentration of Zni or Oi/VZn-related defects depending on Co concentration and atmosphere. The DC electrical resistance measurements performed to evaluate the ozone gas sensing of Zn(1-x)CoxO films showed an improvement of the ozone sensor response with the reduction of film thickness and with the Co-doping, where the x= 2.5 mol% is the optimal Co concentration. Moreover, cobalt-doped zinc oxide films (ZnCoO) showed selectivity toward ozone gas in a large concentration range (21-696ppb) and then emerging as a promising material for practical application in ozone gas sensing. The conclusions derived from the average grain size, the point defects and the effect of annealing on the gas sensing suggest that the overall improvement of the ozone sensor response could be attributed to the presence of Zni and Vo-related defects, that act as active sites on the films surface favoring the adsorption of oxygen species.
Proposta de um sistema de bicicletas compartilhadas para uma cidade de médio porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-19)
Olmos, Camilo Andrés Mora
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Guerreiro, Thais de Cassia Martinelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2650555786682535
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0570100407106917
The bicycle-shared systems (BSS) in the world have provided many benefits to cities such as improvements in traffic, health, and the environment. The biggest success factor for shared bikes is the location of the stations. This work presents a proposal for a bicycle shared system for a medium-sized city (Araraquara, S.P.), establishing the locations of the stations and evaluating the characteristics of the municipality. Factors such as locations with a high concentration of travel (generating poles for trips), elements of the bus system, current and designed infrastructure for bicycles, points of interest in the city, topographic characteristics, and profile of bicycle users are considered. The proposed methodology uses the modeling of a Geographic Information System (GIS), which allows the determination of certain characteristics based on analyzes specific to geography such as distances, densities, mappings. In parallel, the GIS connects with decision-making models, such as the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and the Optimization of Multiple Objectives by Radio Analysis (MOORA). Such methods contributed to the construction of maps indicating the areas of high and medium possibility to locate the stations of the system of shared bicycles, from which three alternatives were generated that evaluated characteristics such as number of bicycles, type of system (manual or automatic) and operating cost. Of these alternatives, the most suitable proposes a mixed system, with a lower cost and an average of trips suitable for an appropriate operation. From the development of the work, it was also possible to characterize the participation of elements such as bicycle infrastructure, temperature and slope within the implementation of the shared bicycle system. Finally, with the progress of the work, Araraquara presented itself as a city with an important potential to implement a system of shared bicycles.
Rational design and engineering of a microbial cell factory for 3-hydroxypropionic acid production
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-20)
Chaves, Gabriel Luz
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Silva, Adilson José da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3447469350644179
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7063262952154349
The US Department of Energy ranked the 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) among the Top 10 most promising value-added chemicals that can be derived from biomass in a biorefinery. This acid has great potential to serve as a building block for the industry, serving as raw material for paints, coatings, and polymers. Nevertheless, its production from chemical routes encompasses processes that are highly toxic and environmentally harmful. In this context, fermentative bioprocesses are a promising alternative for 3-HP production. Here, we proposed the obtention of an Escherichia coli strain genetically modified to produce 3-HP through the β-alanine pathway, yet poorly studied. To build an E. coli strain able to produce 3-HP, the genes that encode the last three reactions of the pathway were cloned and combined in the same plasmid (pEbtyGpD): pa0132 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ydfG from E. coli, and panD from Corynebacterium glutamicum. This first engineered strain, named PS100, produced up to 0.338 ± 0.044 g/L of 3-HP after 24 h of induction with IPTG using glucose as a carbon source. Surprisingly, cultivations on a mixture of glucose and xylose (1:1 on C-mol basis) yielded a final titer of 1.040 ± 0.050 g/L by this strain, from the same substrate amount. To optimize the production obtained from PS100, new genetic modifications were investigated through in silico optimization of a genome-scale metabolic model of E. coli K-12 MG1655. The model iML1515 was modified to include the heterologous reaction of β-alanine conversion to malonic semialdehyde, and three reactions were identified as potential metabolic targets for enhancing 3-HP production by E. coli cells: the reactions of alanine racemase (ALAR), L-alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), and L-valine transaminase (VALTA). These target reactions were modified in the strain PS100, generating the strain PSO107 that was able to improve nearly 2-fold the final titer of the acid when compared to PS100 in cultivations with glucose as carbon source, reaching 0.743 ± 0.016 g/L of 3-HP. For cultivations with the glucose:xylose mixture, a 10% increment was observed for the PSO107 strain compared to PS100, with the former reaching 1.147 ± 0.015 g/L of 3-HP. These results confirm that the targets predicted by the evolutionary optimizations of the genome-scale metabolic model were assertive and enabled an increment in the final production of 3-HP by the engineered E. coli strain.
Resultados para o modelo de rumor de Maki-Thompson em árvores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-20)
Speroto, Adalto
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Vargas Júnior, Valdivino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1795859800919467
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Rodríguez, Pablo Martín
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6412853511887386
In this work, we study the Maki-Thompson rumor model on infinite homogeneous trees which is formulated as a continuous-times Markov chain. This model can be defined as a system of interacting particles representing the spread of a rumor by individuals in a homogeneous tree. We assume that each individual can belong to one of three classes in a population represented by: ignorants, spreaders and stifles. A spreader tells the rumor to any of its ignorant (nearest) neighbors at a constant rate. On the other hand, also at the same rate, a spreader becomes a stifler after interact with other spreader (nearest neighbors) or a stifler. Still in this work, we extend our analysis to two generalizations, in the first one we assume that each propagator stops spreading the rumor right after being involved in a certain number of failed attempts and in the second we extend the Maki-Thompson model to Independent and identically distributed random trees. We study sufficient conditions under which the rumor either becomes extinct or survives with positive probability.
Produção acadêmica sobre cultura organizacional em escolas de educação básica no Brasil de 2006-2020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-20)
Yamazato, Marcelo Oda
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Nascente, Renata Maria Moschen
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742955383665134
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4135953867259858
This dissertation derives from an investigation which was developed within the Study and Research Group on School Organization: Democracy, Human Rights and Principals’ development - DEFORGES. Organizational culture in Brazilian schools was its theme, having as its problem the following question: how is the academic production on organizational culture configured in basic education schools in Brazil? Thus, the general objective was to understand the theoretical and methodological approaches to the subject in the articles, dissertations and thesis that constitute this production and the specific objectives were to map research on this theme from 2006 to 2020, systematizing its theoretical references, methodological procedures, and conclusions, and to analyze the theoretical matrices referring to culture in these studies. The methodological approach was the bibliographic one, carried out on SciELO and CAPES Theses and Dissertations Repository digital databases. Critical theoretical framework guided the results analysis, which indicated that: the most used research design was the case study; the most used data collection instrument was document analysis followed by semi-structured interviews; the most investigated level of education was elementary school followed by high school in public municipal and state institutions. The references of Edgar Schein, António Nóvoa and Heloísa Lück also stood out. In addition, it was possible to observe that the organizational culture was worked in relation to several topics, the most frequent being school management, change processes, democratic management, and school performance. In most of the works, the study of organizational culture was developed to analyze the school reality, relating to, and facilitating investigations on several other topics, being able to show the subjects' autonomy and their possibilities of construction and reconstruction of organizational culture. It was concluded that organizational culture is a concept that can contribute to research on schools, especially those that seek to investigate their dynamics, functioning and relationships. In addition, it became evident that organizational culture in the context of Brazilian education is still a yet to be explored theme that has the potential to subsidize school administration in its daily practices.
Distribuições combinadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-21)
Caldas, Tainá Santana
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9293603242121451
It is proposed a possible new line of research in which distributions are combined. Combined distributions are an alternative for adjusting continuous data that present different probabilistic behaviors. A combined distribution called Gucumatz is developed, composed of the symmetrical Normal and Cauchy distributions. Some properties of this distribution are studied, maximum likelihood estimation of augmented data is performed (EM Algorithm), regression model and simulation studies are developed. A set of real data is adjusted using the Gucumatz distribution.
A perspectiva dos gestores sobre a participação do usuário no projeto e a redução do tempo de processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-22)
Ebisui, Victor Centurion
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Tonin, Luiz Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1835542837415565
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1835542837415565
Historically the market has become more dynamic and competitive, so customers needs and desires have become increasingly refined. Thus, clearly understanding the requirements and making the product available at the right time to the market become crucial competitive force for the business. As a result, the present study aimed to carry out an analysis seeking to identify an existing relationship between the use of customer interaction in the development phase of a new product, reducing the time of the project execution and, consequentialy, the time-to-market. This work was developed from a quantitative analysis in a consumer goods company from school supplies sector. For the evaluation of the central question, a questionnaire was made for people responsible to lead the new product development area of the company. It was possible to treat the information obtained and establish discussions and conclusions around the main idea. The results of the research demonstrate that the user's participation in the development stages of a new product can impact on the reduction of the time used in the project execution if its planned correctly and applied since the initial stages of product design.
Pólen como ingrediente funcional em pão: influência nas atitudes, percepção e expectativa gerada nos consumidores brasileiros.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-22)
Silva, Heloísa Pestana Mendes da
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Domingues, Maria Aliciane Fontenele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2932812185528590
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4677729941461360
The search for a healthy lifestyle leads to a situation where several people start to take care of their health. From then on, they seek products of higher quality, preferably with health benefits, rich in vitamins, bioactive compounds, bioelements, and valuable nutrients. In this sense, bee pollen, which is rich in functional components, can satisfy these expectations when added to processed products and be better used as an ingredient in the food industry. One of the fastest-growing categories is the bakery category, mainly focused on producing artisanal or rustic bread, with the appeal of "more natural" or" healthier" because it does not contain synthetic additives in its composition. Thus, natural fermentation bread has been gaining market and winning more concerned about a healthier lifestyle. Given the above, we believe that it is important to study consumers' behavior concerning developing new products in the bakery sector. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the acceptance of artisanal hamburger bread added with bee pollen, as well as, how consumers perceive specific natural compounds for health promotion and their attitudes towards accepting this bread.
Desenvolvimento de eletrodo modificado com o solvente eutético profundo cloreto de colina/glicerol para a determinação simultânea de paracetamol e diclofenaco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-22)
Piton, Gabriela Rizzo
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Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4015750386602441
In this master’s dissertation has investigated the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) for the development of electrochemical sensors. DES was immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) within carbon black (CB) nanoparticles in chitosan (CTS) films crosslinked with epichlorohydrin (ECH). During the electroanalytical method development for the simultaneous determination of acetaminophen (ACP) and diclofenac (DCF), the experimental conditions were optimized, such as composition and concentration of the DES within the modification, support electrolyte’s pH, time, and applied potential for the analytes pre-concentration, and instrumental parameters for the differential pulse adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry technique (DPAdASV). The DES applied in this work were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. The proposed modified electrode had its morphological structure characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, which allowed to observe morphological changes after incorporating DES into the CB film. The electrochemical characterization was given by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to calculate electronic parameters, such as capacitance and charge transfer resistance, and by cyclic voltammetry to calculate the heterogeneous electron transfer constant (k0). The DPAdASV method resulted in linear responses in the range from 5.0 × 10−7 to 3.9 × 10−6 mol L−1 for ACP and from 5.0 × 10−7 to 1.5 × 10−5 mol L−1 for DCF, with limits of detection of 2.7 × 10−8 mol L−1 and 5.2 × 10−8 mol L−1 for ACP and DCF, respectively. The proposed method proved to be precise and selective, observed from studies of repeatability and effect of possible interferents besides addition and recovery studies. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated for the simultaneous determination of ACP e DCF in commercial pharmaceutical samples and biological fluids (synthetic urine and bovine serum). The obtained results were compared with those obtained by HPLC/UV-Vis.
GSA: operacionalizando a gamificação em atividades do processo de desenvolvimento de software
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-22)
Porto, Daniel de Paula
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4163096024457599
Context: Software development companies are constantly seeking practices that improve the execution of their activities and, consequently, their processes. Several initiatives for using gamification have been observed in different areas, providing evidence on different types of activities. However, the implantation of gamification in a real software development environment requires planning and systematization in order to make this alternative effective and efficient. This fact became clear after we performed a systematic mapping of the literature, in which analyzed the initiatives to use gamification, with special attention in the area of Software Engineering. Objective: Establishing a systematic way of applying gamification to activities of the software development process to improve and make more effective activities that need to be improved, with the objective of improving the process as a whole. Method: A systematic mapping was carried out to analyze gamification use initiatives and, concerning Software Engineering activities, some frameworks have identified, but also difficulty in using them. Thus, based on what we found, it has been defined the GSA framework and a strategy of how to apply gamification in software engineering activities. They were defined in an evolutionary way, based on action research. During the cycles of evolution, three experimental studies were carried out, being them a pilot study and two case studies in a real software development company. Such studies allowed us to improve both the framework and the strategy. Results: The results of the studies have shown improvement in carrying out the selected Software Engineering activities with gamification. In the case of the “Timesheet fill” activity, a decrease in more than 75% in the time of filling out the Timesheet was observed. In the case of the “Requirements Reading and Review” activity, we noticed a decrease of at least 68% in the number of defects, when compared with a historical basis of the company, by applying the framework and the strategy to Requirements Reading and Review Activities. Conclusion: The use of a framework and a strategy to deploy gamification in Software Engineering activities contributed to the improvement in the execution of activities that were considered problematic in the context of the company’s software development process, and hence may contribute to the process as a whole.
Gestão democrática da escola pública e os desafios da sua implementação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-23)
Assunção, Beatriz da Silva
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Lima, Paulo Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5403322490187602
The aim of this paper is to discuss the paths and objectives in the implementation of Democratic Management in public schools in the Brazilian context, using theoretical frameworks and a survey to analyze the perspective of Pedagogy students regarding the discussion. It is a qualitative research. The methodology used was bibliographic research, through a review of specialized literature and documentary analysis through a questionnaire conducted with twenty-one students in the fifth year of undergraduate studies in Pedagogy at the Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba campus. The results showed that a large part of the volunteers only knew the term Democratic Management after entering graduation, in addition, part of the accredited participants had never known a school that exercised Democratic Management, this reveals that the process in legislative form is extremely fundamental but it is still no guarantee that Democratic Management is present in public schools. Thus, when exercised in its integral concept, through the understanding that the school is a historical and cultural form, it is able to articulate the means to the end, mediating the construction of the subject in the historical-critical scope. Circumstantiating the paths taken by Public Educational Policies in Brazil, addressing how democratic management appears in documents and their influences over the years is essential. In this research, we will seek to understand the reasons why Democratic Management has not been built and applied in a broad way in the context of Brazilian public schools.
Alterações neuroanatômicas e funcionais do sistema respiratório no sono e na vigília em um modelo experimental para doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-23)
Vicente, Mariane Cristine
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Carretiero, Daniel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4483052683524615
;
Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
The dysfunction of the respiratory system is seen in several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, but how the pathophysiology mechanisms of the disease are related to the respiratory system remains poorly documented. Here, we treat animals with intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (STZ, 2 mg / kg). In chapter 1, we measured ventilation (VE), electroencephalography and electromyography during normocapnia, hypercapnia and hypoxia in Wistar rats. In addition, we performed western blot analyzes for phosphorylated tau, total tau and amyloid- (Aβ) peptide at the locus coeruleus (LC), retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), medullary raphe, pre-B¨otzinger / B¨otzinger complex and hippocampus, and we evaluated memory acquisition and learning using Barnes' maze. The STZ-DA model increased the ventilatory response in hypercapnia by 26% during wakefulness due to the increase in tidal volume, but no change in VE was observed in room air or ihypoxia conditions. We observed an increase of 93% in the percentage of awake-state time during room air in the STZ model. And, we associate the results to the 73% increase in amyloid beta peptide in the LC region. In order to analyze the electrophysiological properties and sensitivity of LC neurons during hypercapnia (10% CO2, pH = 7) in the STZ-DA model, we performed the patch clamp technique in chapter 2. We observed that most (~ 60%) of the noradrenergic neurons of the LC in adult rats were inhibited after exposure to CO2, as indicated by a significant decrease in the action potential (AP). The STZ-DA model had a 57% higher sensitivity to CO2 compared to controls, which was partly due to the hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential -52.2 mV. The reduction in AP in both groups was generally accompanied by lower activity of the LC network, depolarized AP threshold, increased AP repolarization and increased current through a voltage-dependent sub-population of K + channels (KV). Then, in chapter 3, we decided to take a treatment with the drug minocycline to reverse the cognitive, respiratory, sleep-awake cycle, and molecular disorders found earlier in chapter 1 in the STZ model. For that, we performed the same techniques as in chapter 1. Additionally, the animals were treated for five days with minocycline at a dose of 30 mg / kg, we analyzed the micrology cells in the LC region by immunohistochemistry for IBA-1 and the pro-inflammatory cytokines by real-time PCR. Minocycline treatment improved learning and memory, possibly due to decreased cell density and inactivation of microglia cells in the LC region, as well as decreased IL-B cytokine. However, the treatment did not reverse the increased sensitivity to CO2 during awake state in room air. Likewise, we did not observe a decrease in the expression of beta-amyloid peptide in the LC region after treatment. Our study demonstrates that the ventilatory response to CO2 is increased in the STZ model due to changes in the noradrenergic neurons of the LC, which have their electrophysiological properties altered possibly by an increase in beta-amyloid. The cognitive and sleep changes observed in the STZ model are due to changes in microglia, since the use of minocycline was able to attenuate
Construção de linhagens recombinantes de Xanthomonas sp. para a produção de Goma Xantana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-23)
Oliveira, Davi Benedito
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Silva, Adilson José da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3447469350644179
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0403958118014255
Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide produced by bacteria from the genus Xanthomonas. This biopolymer has many industrial applications such as in food and cosmetics production, oil extraction process, among others. There is no national production of this compound, which leads us to import high volumes of xanthan gum annually. Currently, the development of production processes for this biopolymer has focused on the optimization of growth media and operational parameters, as well as on downstream steps to recover the product from the fermentation broth. However, a key aspect of this process is the development of optimized strains. In this context, a deterministic model in Python developed by Kundlascht (2017) identified the reactions catalyzed by UDP-Glucose pyrophosphorylase (UDPG-PP) and UDP-Glucose dehydrogenase (UDPG-deH) as being the bottleneck of the xanthan gum biosynthesis pathway. The model predicted the system behavior with the enzymes’ super-expression, indicating a significant rise in the gum monomers synthesis. From these results, the present work sought the hypothesis validation performing the cloning and the transformation of the genes galU (UDPG-PP) e Udg (UDPG-deH) in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (XCC) using a broad host range plasmid as the backbone. Three plasmids were then produced containing each individual gene or both genes together, which were respectively named pLACR1_deH, pLACR1_PP and pLACR1_OP. To evaluate gum production by the new transformed strains with the constructed plasmids, cultures were performed in shake flasks with two different inducer concentrations. The results showed up to 21.7% more productivity (Pr) of xanthan gum for the best recombinant strain compared to the parental strain. This result validates the initial hypothesis about the pathway bottlenecks identified by in silico analysis.
Consumismo infantil: um olhar sobre o papel da escola nos anos iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-23)
Moura, Bianca Paula de
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Sant'Ana, Izabella Mendes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1422608364404035
This study aims to present a bibliographic survey on consumerism in childhood, seeking to contribute to the discussion of the theme in the educational field. To this end, the work addresses the relationship between culture and consumption, the definition of consumerism, marketing and advertising, the presentation of the definition of childhood, the influence of the media and its relationship with child consumerism, laws for the protection of children and the role of the school in this context. It is exposed that the market increasingly uses mechanisms to win over the child audience using various media and tools such as advertising, advertising and "marketing" that increase their profitability and profitability on a daily basis. Ever-changing family functioning models and easy access to new technologies make consumer education a much-needed reality for the schooling process. It is discussed that it is necessary to educate students under a critical perspective, seeking to overcome naive visions and to create more conscious habits about consumption.
Análise estatística da resistência à compressão e módulo de elasticidade de concretos com agregados de resíduos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-23)
Oliveira, Tawan Mundim de
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Nardin, Silvana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1365747842102318
Civil construction is an important indicator of a country's economic and social development, but it is also an activity that generates environmental impacts and its residues have been a major problem for society. Part of the waste generated, especially that of concrete, can be transformed into aggregates and replace part of the natural aggregates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of substituting natural coarse aggregate for recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) on the mechanical properties of concrete. The starting point was the creation of a database formed with results of compressive strength and modulus of elasticity available in the literature. These data were used in statistical analyzes that took as a reference the results corresponding to concretes with natural aggregates. The compressive strength in RCA concretes showed that the variation in relation to the reference concrete increases as the substitution content increases, the same behavior was observed for the elastic modulus. The concretes with recyclable aggregates showed great heterogeneity, with a minimum variation coefficient of 57 for compressive strength and 39 for the modulus of elasticity.
Fluidodinâmica e transferência de calor em leitos de jorro visando a secagem de grãos de Sorgo: análise experimental e simulação numérica por CFD-DEM e TFM
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-23)
Batista, Júnia Natália Mendes
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Béttega, Rodrigo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1379682125857376
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8738610817154807
Simulations of granular flows in spouted beds are carried out following two main approaches: two-fluid model (TFM) and CFD-DEM coupling (Computational Fluid Dynamics/Discrete Element Method). Moreover, the fluid dynamics of conical spouted beds with 3.20 mm grain sorghum were evaluated through experiments, TFM simulations (2D, and 3D), and CFD-DEM simulations. The gas-solid heat transfer was evaluated by experiments and through CFD-DEM simulations. To determine the input parameters of the CFD-DEM simulations, the direct measurement approach was used. Hence, devices were built to measure the restitution, static friction, and rolling friction coefficients to account for particle-particle and particle-wall interactions. First, the simulations were conducted from operational conditions, and experimental data to validate the model obtained from the literature. Subsequently, an experimental unit was constructed and fluid dynamic and heat transfer tests were performed. The simulations were conducted using the FLUENT® software. The geometries were built in DesignModeler and the computational grids generated in Meshing from the ANSYS® package, student version 19.1. With the experimental devices and employed methodologies, it was possible to obtain the material and interaction properties, which were essential to obtain satisfactory results in the CFD-DEM simulations. The behavior of the spouted bed was predicted with the CFD-DEM coupling, such as the transition stages from static bed to stable spouting conditions. In addition, the fluid dynamic characteristic curve was successfully simulated for both experimental units analyzed. For 2D and 3D TFM simulations, the pressure drop data as a function of air velocity (fluid dynamic characteristic curve) did not show the typical behavior of spouted bed. Through CFD-DEM simulations, the effect of six cone angles (28°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°) on the spouted bed fluid dynamics was also evaluated, in order to determine the configuration that favors the drying process. Smaller cone angles provide better solids circulation with higher mass flow rate, and shorter cycle times. Consistent results were also verified for the heat transfer. After reaching the steady-state, there were no dead zones in the spouted bed, and the particles temperature was homogeneous, which is evidence of the efficient gas-solid contact with this drying equipment.