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O contexto de prática da política de inclusão na ótica dos estudantes do público-alvo da educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Sebin, Bruna Raffaini
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1968042513416116
The present study is part of the matrix project that aimed to carry out a multidimensional assessment from the perspective of different actors whose policies on schooling of students with special education needs (SEN) directly affect it. Bearing in mind that the National Education Plan recommends carrying out studies with the objective of monitoring as goals of educational policies, the objective of this study was to analyze a schooling policy for SEN student’s perspectives. The research anchored in the Policy Cycle Approach perspective had SEN students as actors. The design involved a multi-method research based on the analytical perspective that offers a possibility to interpret the information in a quantitative and qualitative way, for triangulation of results. The study conducted in a small municipality in the state of São Paulo involved 65 SEN students, (56 from elementary school cycle 1, and 9 from elementary school cycle 2) from seven schools in the municipal education system. The instruments used to collect data was closed questionnaires through the SurveyAnyPlace platform and saved in spreadsheets, generating the quantitative database and a semi-structured interview script carried out with five participants. For the analysis of quantitative data, item scoring criteria were created, which were grouped into 15 indicators and, and these in six categories. After converting the responses generated in the database to numerical data (based on the established criteria), we calculated arithmetic averages for each of the indicators, requirements and a general average for the municipality studied. We transcribed the reports obtained in the focus group and excerpts selected to illustrate and support the quantitative data. The aspects of Municipal School Inclusion Policy by Students well evaluated by the students were: 1. Participation (7.1-good), 3) Assessment of learning (6.6- good), 4) Relationships (7.1 - good) and 5) Self-assessment (8.2 - very good). The aspects that deserve more attention from the policy managers and teachers were: 2) Specific support and services (5.5 - regular), and 6)- Accessibility (5.6-regular). The general index for the municipality was good (6.3). We conclude that: a) the questionnaires used need improvement; b) the focus group technique with the students was challenging and the data were succinct due to the complexity of inciting and maintaining deep dialogues and; c) SEN students, even within the collection challenges, demonstrated that their perspectives are unique and their voices are fundamental in the elaboration of schooling policies. We expect that this study will contribute to the area of special education and that the voices of students will be heard and valued.
Indicadores ambientais de Sistemas Agroflorestais: um estudo de caso do Projeto de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável (PDRS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Fernandes, Fernanda Santos
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Tonello, Kelly Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5714300164116762
The soil is considered a living organism, the Agroforestry Systems are considered more sustainable production systems for the generation of food, inputs and conservation of forests and biodiversity. This study aimed to evaluate the infiltration rate, soil cover and leaf damage in Agroforestry Systems as a function of the rain seasonality. The study was conducted, in a complex, biodiverse and successional Agroforestry Systems with occasional cultural treatment and in a simple Agroforestry Systems, with cultural treatment performed periodically. In both cases, the monitoring of the infiltration rate was also carried out in control plots. The rate of water infiltration in the soil was obtained by the container method. A comparison was made between the campaigns between the rainy season and the dry season. The ground cover was verified using the 1m2 quadrant method. Leaf damage was assessed visually from two leaves collected from each of the faces (N, S, E, W) in the middle third of the individual of shrub / tree size. ANOVAs of the indicators were performed, when this was significant, the Student test was performed. TI increased by 63% in Agroforestry Systems 1 and 3% in Agroforestry Systems 2 , when compared to witness averages. In both areas, the average soil coverage was less than 50%, but it influenced the IT. Both Agroforestry Systems showed some level of leaf damage, which was positively influenced by soil cover. It was concluded that the studied Agroforestry Systems present improvements in the pre-established indicators
Estudo da secagem da polpa do abacate (Persea americana)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Dal-Bó, Vanessa
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Freire, José Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7303635607073176
The drying process can be carried out by different methods, but the choice directly influences the quality of the final product, which can obviously be affected by operational conditions. This work aims to study the drying of the avocado pulp, through process optimization and experimental analysis. To achieve the proposed objective, this study was divided into two stages. Initially, the equipment to be used for drying the fruit pulp was defined. For this, the process synthesis techniques were applied, such as making the branch-and-bound trees, heuristic rules and determination the base flowchart, using the fuzzy logic method. From the application of the process synthesis, the lyophilization equipment proved to be promising for the drying process of the fruit pulp. After, considering that the knowledge of the drying rate is essential in the choice of suitable conditions for the lyophilization process, and the experimental data obtained to determine the drying kinetics, in the simplest lyophilizer, are measured in a discontinuous way, through destructive analysis, a simplest and low-cost setup for a laboratory-scale lyophilizer was developed, with an automated data acquisition system. The setup made it possible to obtain the drying kinetics curves, the temperature of the material as a function of time and the pressure difference, in addition to controlling different temperatures of the heating tray. The study was evaluated for the drying of the avocado pulp with heating temperature of 30, 40, 50 ° C and also without the supplying controlled of heat. The data acquisition system implemented proved to be satisfactory for the conditions evaluated. As expected, the load cell was influenced by the operating conditions, but the data was reproducible, so it was possible to minimize errors in the measurement of mass. The controlled supply of heat during lyophilization accelerated the process and, consequently, had a direct influence on the drying rate. In addition to the tests related to lyophilization of the avocado pulp, the influence of drying on the morphology, thermal decomposition, rehydration capacity, color, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the fruit pulp was verified. It was observed that the heating temperature had an influence on the evaluated parameters, with temperatures of 40 and 50 ° C being the most appropriate for the process of dehydration of the fruit pulp. This study proved to be important for the analysis of the steps that occur during the lyophilization process.
Infâncias plurais e educação patrimonial: por uma potencialidade na diversidade das culturas da infância na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Meneghel, Júlia Beranek
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Souza, Geraldo Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3516168011612531
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3866499947285646
This monograph has the general objective of this study to reflect on the existing cultural repertoire and produced by young children and educators through intangible heritage education, in order to contribute with pedagogical practices and proposals in early childhood education. It is a bibliographic and documentary research around laws and curricular documents necessary for the construction process of this work, understanding culture as an open space for the search for observation through the plurality of childhood, education heritage and cultural repertoire of the child in early childhood education. By reflecting on education heritage and cultural heritage as driving means for thinking and rethinking the history, origin and details that surround us, which often go unnoticed. Through the concepts of material and immaterial heritage, I seek to bring reflection as to their presence in the National Common Curricular Base - BNCC - on the stage of early childhood education. With a focus on early childhood, I try to find if there is a concern on the part of educators regarding the valorization of childhood cultures, from the perspective of the children's repertoires. In this way, we concluded the work with emphasis on the importance of seeing the child as a being who creates, capable of establishing multiple relationships, in order to bring into the school environment an egalitarian, playful education, which respects and dialogues with the diversity of each child and value plural childhoods.
Ampliação de distribuição geográfica de morfotipos de galhas e galhadores da família Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) em espécies do gênero Andira Lam. (Fabaceae) no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Silva, Eduardo Alves Martins
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Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8718750802689009
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0727810009913634
Galls are structures formed by the modification of plant tissue by the action of agents such as viruses, bacteria, nematodes, and, mainly, insects. Most known galls are induced by dipterans of the Cecidomyiidae family. Many gall morphotypes can be found in host plants simultaneously. Their presence is a marker to identify the gall makers because there is a species-specific interaction between gall makers and host plant species. This study aimed to search for records of the occurrence of morphotypes induced by cecidomyiids in Andira Lam. species distributed in Brazil to expand the geographical distribution of gall morphotypes and, consequently, of their gall makers. The study was carried out through the search for records of gall morphotypes in Andira species in the database of scientific articles and in Brazilian and abroad virtual herbaria. As results were found records for six species of Andira, which are Andira cujabensis Benth, Andira fraxinifolia Benth., Andira humilis Mart. ex Benth., Andira nitida Mart. ex Benth., Andira surinamensis (Bondt) Splitg. ex Amshoff, and Andira vermifuga (Mart.) Benth. In addition to the distribution registered in the original description of the gall makers –which usually cover only the type-locality– two new records of occurrence were found for Andira fraxinifolia and Andira nitida each, four for Andira humilis and six for Andira vermifuga. With these new records of occurrence, there was an expansion of geographic distribution to six new locations in Brazilian states already sampled, and new occurrences to the states of Bahia, Paraíba, Goiás, Ceará and Distrito Federal.
Sequência didática para o ensino de indução eletromagnética a partir da energia eólica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Carvalho, Juliano de Barros
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Silva, Fernanda Keila Marinho da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390725197649567
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Cruz, Tersio Guilherme de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0705292304279277
This project aims to develop a didactic sequence that contributes to learning the concept of electromagnetic induction from the theme of wind energy. The topic is pertinent since lately there is a very strong incentive for countries to adopt a policy of generating electricity from renewable sources and causing the least amount of environmental impact. Wind energy is an abundant and clean energy source and the number of wind farms in Brazil has been growing, indicating an effort by the country to diversify its energy matrix. The educational product developed sought, based on the strategy of using a text for scientific dissemination, the exhibition of scenes from the film “The Boy Who Discovered the Wind” and a series of electromagnetism experiments, to develop activities that promote social interaction between the students and the teacher. Given the difficulties of students in understanding these concepts related to electromagnetism due to the high level of abstraction, the educational product sought, from the diversification of activities, to improve students' understanding of electromagnetic induction and its application in the generation of electrical energy.
Dupla excepcionalidade: identificação de altas habilidades ou superdotação em adultos com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Silva, Josana Carla Gomes da
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Rangni, Rosemeire de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6399149504309769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0258235198606993
The giftedness is not an immutable condition. They are also not conditioned by characteristics such as race, gender, ethnicity, age, or social class. Sometimes, giftedness occurs concomitantly with other specificities, such as: disability, disorders, or syndromes. In this case, it is called twice exceptionally. Seeking to study this phenomenon, the research aims to identify giftedness in adults with visual impairment. The specific objective is to verify whether the instruments applied – Questionário de Identificação de Indicadores de Altas habilidades/superdotação - Adultos (QIIAHSD-Adultos) and Questionário de Identificação de Indicadores de Altas habilidades/superdotação – Adultos – 2ª fonte (QIIAHSD-Adultos – 2ª fonte)– are effective for this audience. The research has an exploratory and descriptive approach. The study included a field diary, electronic forms related to the instruments (QIIAHSD-Adultos and QIIAHSD-Adultos – 2ª fonte) and an interview script. The research is divided into a pilot study and a main study. The pilot study was carried-out in person before the COVID-19 pandemic, in a city in the countryside of the State of São Paulo. Five people with visual impairment participated as 1st source respondents and three people as 2nd source respondents, aged between 18 and 80 years. The main study took place remotely, through electronic forms and interviews. Altogether, there were 14 participants, aged between 21 and 80 years. Results indicate that one pilot study participant was identified giftedness indicators. In the main study, four participants with giftedness indicators were identified. The data show that enabling postures negatively interfere in the development of people giftedness and visual impairment, which can make their abilities invisible. Some participants indicated that they were seen as dependent people. It was possible to verify that the school and the family have fundamental roles in the general development of these people. These factors can influence negatively, generating trauma, or positively, helping to develop high self-esteem, self-concept, and resilience. The data showed that, in the case of the women who participated in the study, there may be stigmas related to gender and disability, hiding their potential, nullifying their achievements, or reinforcing the belief that their abilities are the result of a lot of effort. The study also demonstrates that the gay person with visual impairment who has high potential suffers more than a double stigma. It is a unique condition, which can lead to developmental dissociation. From the application of the QIIAHSD-Adultos and QIIAHSD-Adultos – 2ª fonte instruments, it was verified that, although they are well elaborated and reach the goal of identifying gifted people, they have some weaknesses, including: the need of the questions aimed at the public with twice exceptionality and the adequacy of developmental concepts and specificities of typical giftedness and visual impairment people. Thus, adaptations in the instruments used in the research are recommended for future studies.
Efeito da inserção de nanopartículas de TiO2-OPM sobre as propriedades do PET reciclado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Francatto, Patrícia
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Cruz, Sandra Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9632409046763256
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Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is one of the most consumed polymers today, mainly in the fast-disposable beverage market, its excellent properties associated with its low production cost, make it one of the most consumed polymers in the world. However, unfortunately, this high consumption has led to an increase for waste generated by its irregular disposal, which is why recycling becomes more and more important. However, the processing of PET during recycling can decrease its molar mass, impairing its mechanical and thermal properties. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the effect of the insertion of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by the route of peroxide oxidizing complexes, which present the surface modified with the peroxide group (TiO2-OPM) thus increasing the reactivity of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix of recycled PET. The materials obtained were characterized by thermal analysis techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal analysis (TG) and structurally by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Raman scattering spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were also used to verify the morphologies of these materials. Rheological measurements and intrinsic viscosity measurements were also performed. The extrusion process successfully obtained the nanocomposites of recycled PET with the insertion of the nanoparticles. The results of the analysis of the samples of these materials showed that there was an interaction between the nanoparticles and the polymeric matrix of recycled PET, and had an influence on their properties.
A violência doméstica contra a criança: o papel do educador na rede de proteção à infância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-26)
Araujo, Sabrina Ribeiro da Silva de
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Sant'Ana, Izabella Mendes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0417568913182047
The current project, as a bibliographic and reflexive work, seeks to discuss about the role of the educator in the core of child protection in face of the domestic violence. To this end is approached a brief summary about the history on the understanding of childhood and about being a child, the definitions and developments of domestic violence against children, as well as Brazilian legislation up to the promulgation of the Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (Child and Adolescent Statute), emphasizing policies child care and what this meant for the comprehensive child protection System. It shows that, due to the time the child spends at school, the teacher is one of the professionals responsible for identifying situations of domestic violence. However, in order to fulfill their role, it is essential that educators receive guidance and properly training about the rights, the protective policies and about how a safety system works, recognizing the role of the various intersectoral agency that compose it in order to develop a integrated and effective work against violence and about respecting children's rights.
ACUX: um guia para escrita de aspectos de UX em Critérios de Aceitação de User Stories
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Souza, Jonathan Henrique Jeremias
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Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2450239519119988
In recent years, the use of agile software development practices has expanded. In this same context, the concern with User Experience (UX) factors in the software development process has become evident, which is a differential, an aspect of quality. Among the artifacts used in agile practices, User Stories (USs) have great prominence and acceptance, being these the most adopted method to document requirements in agile approaches, as they present points that developers need to elaborate direct form, from the end user perspective. Together with the USs, the Acceptance Criteria (ACs) are described, to complement them, presenting points that should be considered by developers when implementing the software, in addition to defining when a US is satisfied. The attention devoted to the requirements stage, significantly impacts the quality of a final product. However, even understanding the importance, it is common for UX-related requirements to be neglected in practice. It is observed that there is a demand for tools and methods that can eliminate difficulties both in requirements engineering related to UX, as well as in the integration of UX with agile development. Thus, the objective of this master’s project was to propose a guide, called ACUX, composed of guidelines to help developers and software teams to write aspects of UX in ACs of USs. From a preliminary study of the literature, it was possible to identify and understand the main related topics and obtain an overview of the research. A Systematic Literature Mapping (MSL) was conducted to gather evidence on existing approaches related to ACs and USs, and UX. The results confirmed the absence of studies focused on ACs, and made it possible to establish a relationship between the existing approaches and necessary actions for elaboration of the proposal. An exploratory study was conducted to identify how developers describe UX aspects in ACs, and for that, a qualitative analysis was carried out on a set of USs/ACs. The results showed that UX aspects can be included in ACs. ACUX was proposed considering information extracted from the MSL and from the results of exploratory study. The proposed guide was validated by four specialists, who are in the areas of: Software Engineering, Human-Computer Interaction, and UX. After the validation process, the final version of ACUX was defined. ACUX was evaluated in a case study carried out in industry, in which two development teams, from two software startups, used ACUX in real projects. After use, the participants made the artifacts (USs and ACs) available that were prepared with the support of ACUX, and provided feedbacks on the use of the guide through interviews. The analysis of the artifacts showed that in the two startups, UX aspects were reported in most ACs elaborated with support of ACUX. The interviews, on the other hand, showed that ACUX conduce the writing of UX aspects in ACs, promoting the discussion of UX information.
Produção integrada de etanol 1G/2G utilizando meios industriais e leveduras recombinantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Pereira, Laís Portugal Rios da Costa
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Zangirolami, Teresa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4546701843297248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8648684269387357
Second generation (2G) ethanol is an alternative to increase the supply of this biofuel without expanding the sugarcane plantation area and to utilize the excess of sugarcane bagasse available in Brazil due to the intense economic activity related to sugar and alcohol production. Due to the advances in Molecular Biology, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains capable of assimilating and fermenting xylose, the main sugar present in the hemicellulosic fraction of lignocellulosic materials, have been developed. However, the low tolerance of these yeasts to hemicellulose hydrolysates inhibitors (acetic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural and phenolic compounds) and to ethanol leads to loss of cell viability and to low fermentation rates and ethanol productivities, compromising the performance and economic viability of the fermentation process. Thus, the development of more efficient production processes to obtain high ethanol concentrations, compatible with those required in the distillation step, from hemicellulose hydrolysates with high sugar concentrations, is necessary. Process improvement depends both on the availability of yeast strains that are more tolerant to inhibitors and on operating strategies that minimize the effects of the inhibitors. On the other hand, the incorporation of by-products from the sugar and alcohol industry, such as molasses, in the composition of the medium for the production of 2G ethanol favors the flexibility and economic viability of the process. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate strategies to establish a robust and scalable process for obtaining 2G ethanol under industrial fermentation conditions and to promote the integration of 1G and 2G ethanol production. The performance of three latest generation recombinant yeasts (S. cerevisiae GSE16-T18, GSE16-T18 HAA1 and MDS 130), immobilized on calcium alginate gel, was evaluated in in natura sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate, obtained from acid pre-treatment (not concentrated), supplemented or not with molasses. Synthetic media were also evaluated as a control. The experiments were carried out in repeated batches in minireactors and in a fixed bed reactor and fermentations were accompanied by carbon dioxide production and by analysis of reducing sugar concentration, respectively. The concentration of sugars and metabolites in the supernatant was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and the viability of the cells by the methylene blue technique. It was found that, unlike concentrated hemicellulose hydrolysates, the concentration of inhibitors present in in natura hemicellulose hydrolysate does not severely impact the fermentation performance. The supplementation with molasses proved to be an efficient strategy to achieve high fermentable sugar concentration, allowing to obtain productivities of up to 23 g/L/h and prolonged operation in repeated batches, compatible with the industrial operation. The toxic effect of high ethanol concentrations (above 80 g/L) on cell viability was observed for all strains and limited cell recycling to a maximum of five repeated batches. The performance of the strains in terms of conversion of fermentable sugars and productivity and yield in ethanol was similar, with the exception of MDS 130, which was unable to efficiently assimilate xylose in the presence of high hexose (glucose and/or fructose) concentration.
A importância da análise ergonômica do trabalho na contestação da doença ocupacional - estudo de case em um indústria de panificação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Caldeira, Jaqueline de Queiroz
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Rodrigues, Danielle Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090503218956634
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Gazzola, Jonathan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670
Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) has been a great ally for understanding the work environment, making it possible to assess the factors that influence the performance and health of employees. In this analysis, several factors, stages and tasks developed by employees are evaluated, so that it is possible to determine which areas need improvements and require action to be taken to achieve the ergonomic requirements of workers, respecting their limits and needs. One of the tools used in an EWA, is the Suzanne Rodgers method, which is the same used in the ergonomic report studied in this work. The ergonomic report, applied in a bakery, analyzed the frequent and sporadic tasks performed by a confectioner and confectionery assistant, where three criteria were evaluated: level of effort, time of effort and effort per minute in the six main muscle groups of the human body, thus making it possible to determine the risk of accidents at work and occupational diseases, to which such employees were exposed.
Mitigação dos inibidores gerados no pré-tratamento da biomassa vegetal: impacto técnico-econômico-ambiental de diferentes rotas de processo na biorrefinaria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Pinto, Ariane Silveira Sbrice
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6134437994430328
The presence of inhibitors is still an economic bottleneck that needs to be resolved in order to make 1G2G ethanol biorefineries feasible, requiring the development of technologies capable of improving their competitiveness in the biofuels marketplace. Soluble and insoluble lignin can impair the enzymatic hydrolysis process by inhibition, deactivation, and unproductive adsorption of enzymes. Washing the pretreated biomass or using lignin-blocking additives during saccharification could mitigate these negative effects in future biorefineries. Here, an investigation was performed of the combined mitigation processes, in terms of their technical and economic feasibility in a 1G2G sugarcane biorefinery. Evaluation was made of the impacts of biomass washing and soybean protein addition, separately or in combination, on glucose yields for hydrolysis in the presence of high (liquor) and low (buffer) concentrations of soluble inhibitors/deactivators. Combining washing and soybean protein addition provided the highest glucose yields, with an increase of up to 50%. The effect of the mitigation processes could be explained by a combination of catalytic mechanisms acting on both soluble and insoluble lignin. In an industrial context, biomass washing (90 ºC, 15% (w/w) solids, 3 steps) followed by soybean protein addition (12% (w/v) solids) provided a cost-competitive methodology for bioethanol production, with an estimated net present value of US$ 9.16x107, optimizing hydrolysis process in the 1G2G sugarcane biorefinery. Moreover, integrating both biomass washing and soybean protein addition units was a potential strategy for achieving a profitable and an eco-friendly biorefinery. The life cycle analysis of ethanol production showed that the categories of climate change and photochemical oxidation potentials were reduced if the washing process unit was considered in 1G2G biorefinery plant, with the most sustainable biorefinery achieved if only the soybean protein addition was included.
Frailty model for multiple repairable systems hierarchically represented in serial/parallel structures under assumption of ARAm imperfect repairs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Gonzatto Junior, Oilson Alberto
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
The main objective of this thesis is to extend the methodology used to treat failure time data. In particular, we wish to propose an appropriate modeling to a context of hierarchically represented repairable systems, subject to competitive risks and unobserved heterogeneity. To do that, we took one of the necessary steps, we propose modeling for a single repairable system with a hierarchical structure under the assumption that the failures follow a non-homogeneous Poisson process with a power-law intensity function under the frequentist and bayesian framework. In this context we used a corrective approach to remove bias with order O(1/n), and the respective exact confidence intervals are proposed. We illustrate the use of both methods with an early-stage real project related to the traction system of an in-pipe robot. In the sequence, we introduced a framework to the reliability estimation in systems with serial structure and failure modes structured in a parallel way, we continued the studies of the robotic unit previously analyzed. Finally, we propose a statistical model to the reliability estimation of groups of repairable systems hierarchically represented, under a competing risks framework, with the consideration of the existence of unobserved heterogeneity that acts individually on the systems of each group, and also the possibility of imperfect repairs. To illustrate, we consider a database with the failures of agricultural machines categorized in different groups.
Método para avaliação das condições ergonômicas em serviços da construção civil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Martins, Andreia Sofia Moreira
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Paliari, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4546071107654200
The labor activity in the civil construction sector is among the most harmful for workers and the activities produced require a high repetitiveness of movements and handling of heavy materials and components, which make it difficult to use correct standards of posture and contribute to the high rate of musculoskeletal injuries. This study aimed to present a method to assess working conditions and improve the analysis of the risks that the worker is exposed to from the ergonomics point of view. The method was developed through the articulation of different tools, such as the Ergonomic Work Analysis (AET) methodology and the application of other ergonomic risk assessment tools, such as the Ergonomic Workplace Analysis (EWA), Ovako Working Posture Analysing System (OWAS), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Metabolic Equivalent (MET). The research was divided into three phases. In the first phase, a bibliographic review was carried out on ergonomics in civil construction and two exploratory Case Studies were carried out in the execution of the masonry service, one for sealing and the other structural, which included: visits to construction sites; interviews with those responsible and the masonry workers; photographs and footage of the execution of the works; and the application of AET and the EWA tool. For the second phase, six Case Studies were carried out and the application of the AET and the EWA, OWAS, REBA and MET tools were carried out. The third phase presents the conception and validation of the method, developed through the diagnosis generated by the application of ergonomic risk assessment tools in the Case Studies. The diagnosis made it possible to identify the most harmful situations practiced during masonry activities and made it possible to present recommendations for the mitigation of risks in sealing and structural masonry services. Therefore, this study demonstrates that the articulation of different methods and tools improves the development of ergonomic analysis, in particular, the integrated identification of risk factors and risk assessment through the use of specific tools, essential for a diagnosis in situations in the construction industry.
Papéis dos profissionais da rede de apoio à inclusão escolar na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Costa, Juliane Dayrle Vasconcelos da
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Vilaronga, Carla Ariela Rios
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536774151778096
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1803843269613637
Beyond the entry, it is also necessary to ensure the permanence, participation, and learning of students from the Target Public of Special Education (TPSE) in all levels, steps, and modalities of teaching. For this, the research recommends the offer of various types of support services, according to the potentialities, needs, and specificities of each person. The provision of various types of services demands a range of professionals, forming support networks for school inclusion, that acting in partnerships, with defined and clear roles, should seek common objectives, to ensure the necessary services to the schooling of the TPSE. The present study had as main objective, to describe and characterize a support network for school inclusion in children‟s education. As specific objectives pretended to: a) describe which professionals formed the support network for school inclusion in early childhood education and b) analyze the roles assigned and executed by these professionals who worked in child education with students TPSE. The study with qualitative approach, of descriptive type, had case study delineation, of a municipal network of a medium-sized city in the state of Pará. Thirty-two professionals participated in the study, including: one special education coordinator; four special education advisors; three professionals from the multiprofessional team; seven responsible for the management team; four common room teachers; three special education teachers and ten support professionals for school inclusion, acting in the municipal education network, in early childhood education, with TPSE children. The data collection instruments were: a characterization questionnaire; four semi-structured scripts of individual interviews and four semi-structured scripts of interviews with focus groups. The research design had three steps: ethical and initial referrals; knowing the locus, the professionals and the roles attributed to the professionals in the support network for school inclusion and finally, identification of the roles performed. After collection, the data were transcribed and reviewed, and then analyzed qualitatively, through thematic axes, titled with the names of the categories of the participating professionals. As end results, it was possible to identify the presence of different categories of professionals working in the support to students TPSE of the early childhood education of this municipality. However, having a significant number of actors does not mean that there is orchestrated performance and collaborative partnerships. In general, it is concluded that a clear definition of the roles of the professionals studied is necessary, as a strategy to reduce work overloads and deviations of functions.
Catalisadores de Cr/ZrO2 promovidos com metais alcalinos ou alcalinos terrosos para a desidrogenação oxidativa do propano com CO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Oliveira, João Pedro Bueno de
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Ferreira Palhares, Adriana Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5736423072715628
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9424948456049602
Propene is used as a raw material for thermoplastic resins, adhesives and acrylic derivatives, being obtained mainly by steam cracking naphtha and natural gas. However, the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane reaction using carbon dioxide as a moderate oxidant (ODP-CO2), has been studied as an environmentally more interesting proposal. Chromium and zirconia-based catalysts are widely applied in ODP, however, they have major limitations due to the need for catalytic regeneration resulting from the formation of coke on the surface. The addition of alkali metals (AM) or alkaline earth metals (AEM) in chromium catalysts shows promise for ODP, increasing conversion, selectivity and stability, in addition to decreasing the amount of coke on the catalytic surface, due to changes in the acid/basic characteristics of the catalyst surfaces. In general, this paper seeks to evaluate the effect of the addition of AM or AEM on the catalytic properties of monoclinic Zr-supported Cr catalysts applied to ODP-CO2, advancing the understanding of the role of CO2 as a moderate oxidizing agent in the reaction. Thus, two monoclinic zirconia supports were synthesized using hydrothermal (ZrH) and precipitation (ZrP) methods, which have similar crystallinities and low specific areas, but with different pore structures. The addition of chromium to the supports did not change the crystalline phase, but reduced its specific area and pore volume; for ZrH there was the formation of Cr+6 oxides of easier reduction, while in ZrP, mainly Cr+6 and Cr+5 oxides of more difficult reduction were formed. The promotion of Cr/Zr catalysts with AM or AEM did not change their crystallinity and increased the amount of Cr+6 species, however reducible at higher temperatures. Furthermore, the Cr/Zr catalysts promoted by AM or AEM have different populations of basic sites according to the amount and type of metal added. The addition of AM to Cr/Zr catalysts was able to suppress the formation of by-products and coke, especially with the addition of sodium, providing reasonable stability to the catalysts promoted for 300 minutes. Although this effect was more evident on the catalyst supported on zirconia H (0.5% Na-Cr/H), the best catalytic performance was obtained for 0.5% Na-Cr/P compared to 10Cr/P, which also revealed outstanding CO2 conversion, indicating favoring of DOP-CO2 from 600°C to 700°C. However, the favoring of the DOP-CO2 route was more evident by the addition of AEM to Cr/Zr catalysts, mainly 0.5% Ca-Cr/P, although the same effect of suppression of the formation of by-products and of coke.
Efeito de um programa de reabilitação de baixo custo, baseado em teste funcional, com e sem supervisão do fisioterapeuta na DPOC: ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-27)
Silva, Marcela Maria Carvalho da
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Arcuri, Juliano Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6130168092528900
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Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165
Introduction: Patients with COPD present a decline in lung function, tolerance to physical exercise and quality of life, and the pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) is essential for the prevention and improvement of this clinical condition. However, access to PRP in patients with COPD is restricted, limiting it to 10% of this population, therefore, alternative models that expand accessibility need to be tested. The literature is still conflicting on the subject, leaving gaps on how to develop the individualized and progressive prescription from functional tests, considering the low cost, and also on what is the degree of supervision of the ideal physiotherapist to obtain positive results. From the gaps in the literature, this thesis was composed of two studies. Study 1- study STUDY I: Objective: To describe an accessible, low-cost and individualized pulmonary rehabilitation protocol based on functional clinical tests for individuals with symptomatic COPD. Methods: This is a descriptive study, referring to a low cost pulmonary rehabilitation protocol, according to different degrees of supervision by the physiotherapist, being registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBec) URL: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-533hht/ number UTN code U1111-1220-8245. Results: The protocol was designed according to the basic principles of PR prescription, lasting eight weeks, however, low cost tools were used for the prescription and progression of aerobic training intensity, based on the individual performance of the functional tests (six-minute step test (TD6), six-minute walk test (6MWT) and one-minute sit and stand test (TSL1) and upper limb strength training (test of ten maximum repetitions with free weights). In addition, two levels of supervision by the physiotherapist were tested, as one group had face-to-face guidance from the physiotherapist weekly, during the eight weeks, and each week there was a weekly meeting at the specialized center and other days held at home, and another group received a single orientation in the first week of the PR (but also had an individualized prescription). Conclusion: An affordable and low-cost PRP was proposed based on individualized functional tests and it is expected that the PRP prescription proposed in this protocol will have positive effects on exercise tolerance and quality of life, promoting accessibility to treatment in patients with COPD.STUDY II: Objectives: to describe and verify the effect on exercise tolerance, dyspnea sensation and health-related quality of life of a low-cost PRP based on functional tests, performed at home, with or without supervision by the weekly physical therapist. Methods: This is a clinical trial, randomized and controlled, performed at the Laboratory of Respiratory Physiotherapy and Spirometry at the Federal University of São Carlos. According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 272 volunteers were contacted, of whom 89 patients were evaluated, through anamnesis, laboratory blood tests, physical examination and spirometry. All patients were assessed by functional tests (6-minute walk test, 6-minute step test and 1-minute sit and stand test), dyspnea scale, exercise tolerance and pre-and post-intervention health-related quality of life. Of the total number of patients evaluated, 50 were included in the rehabilitation and, randomized into two groups, 25 patients in the orientation group (OG) who participated in a single meeting for orientation (educational) and 25 patients in the supervised exercise group (SG) with weekly meetings with the physiotherapist. Results: There was no difference between groups at baseline. Time influence (pre and post intervention) was found with a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) for functional tests, sensation of dyspnea and quality of life. Regarding the 6-minute step test, 6-minute walk test, mMRC and CAT, a significant difference was also observed between the groups, verified in the interaction (p<0.01) and confirmed by the syntax analysis (p<0.01) (CAT: SG= of 19, 5±6.8 to 13±7.8 points, OG= from 17±7.6 to 15±10 points), (mMRC: SG= from 2[2-3] to 1[1-2], OG= from 2[2-3] to 2[1-3] points) and (Distance walked 6-minute walk test: SG: from 367.7 ± 84m to 433.2±88.8m, OG= from 396.2 ± 97.2m to 418, 33±83.8m) and 6-step test (SG= from 67.1 ± 25.7 to 93.5 ± 37.2, OG= from 69.6 ± 19.5 to 82.3 ± 25.2 numbers of steps).). In conclusion, the results showed that the low-cost PRP had a positive effect on exercise tolerance, dyspnea and health-related quality of life, which was greater in the presence of face-to-face weekly supervision by the physical therapist, when compared to non-supervision.
Lifestyle and rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: guidance for health professionals and support for exercise and rehabilitation programs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-28)
Goulart, Cássia da Luz
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Silva, Rebeca Nunes
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Oliveira, Murilo Rezende
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Guizilini, Solange
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Rocco, Izadora Salvador
Efeitos de um procedimento informatizado e aplicado de forma remota e síncrona na leitura e escrita de sentenças para crianças em idade escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-28)
Silva, Natany Ferreira
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Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4210143840110003
Reading and writing repertoires are fundamental for learning more complex academic skills and enable individuals to be more autonomous. Behavior analysis has demonstrated success in applying the equivalence-based instruction (EBI) model of sentence reading instruction to children with learning disabilities. This study replicated and evaluated the effects of a computerized equivalence-based instruction (EBI) procedure on reading and writing in school-aged children. Six children, from three Brazilian states, aged from 8 to 10 years old, attented enrolled in the 2nd and 4th grades of elementary school participated in the study. For recruitment and selection of participants, the research was advertised in different messaging apps groups. The researcher made the invitation through a message published in the groups, informing about the research, the objective, the procedure, and the telephone contact. The participants were indicated by their own family members or by third parties who had contact with the children. The criteria for participating in the research were: having a maximum of 60% of correct answers in reading sentences in the Reading and Writing Network Assessment; having a computer and internet access at home; presenting behaviors such as remaining seated for the research activities, paying attention to the tasks and following the researcher's instructions and questioning her if there were doubts, and availability to participate at least three times a week in the online activities. Pre- and post-intervention and multiple probes between teaching matrices designs were employed. The teaching consisted of EBI and on the organization of stimuli in matrices, and it was conducted via a remotely and synchronously computerized procedure. Three teaching matrices were used, respecting a sentence complexity hierarchy. In the teaching sessions, the three diagonal sentences from each of the three matrices were used, totaling nine teaching sentences. For the evaluation of recombinative generalization, the nine trained sentences, six intra-matrix generalization sentences and 12 stimuli from the recombination of the elements of the three matrices (inter-matrix generalization) were used, being a total of 27 sentences in the study. The phases sequences were: 1) Initial evaluation: Reading and Writing Network Assessment, Syntactic Awareness Test and Generalization Evaluation: Typed Dictated Sentence Test; 2) Teaching the relation dictated sentence-figure (AB) and the relation dictated sentence-written sentence construction (AE); 3) Probes between the matrices; and 4) Final evaluation: Initial evaluation: Reading and Writing Network Assessment, Syntactic Awareness Test and Generalization Evaluation: Typed Dictated Sentence Test. Participants strengthened or learned the taught relations AB and AE for the taught matrices. In the assessed relations, they also strengthened and/or showed emergence of relations not directly taught. Overall, participants demonstrated increased reading comprehension repertoire (BC and CB relations) for the taught and recombined sentences, as well as increased correct sentence reading responses (CD). The data showed that the teaching conditions applied remotely and synchronously contributed to the learning of sentence reading for school-age children. Investment in studies that aim seek to develop computerized teaching procedures, especially in the pandemic context, may contribute to the learning of students in the literacy process.