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Padronização do teste de toxicidade com lentilhas d’água (Lemna minor) em solução hidropônica e sua aplicação na avaliação de um córrego urbano.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-07)
Souza, Giulia Cristina Andreoli de
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David, José Augusto de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1395716206085674
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4893110439548933
Ecotoxicological tests require, for validation, both the use of a reference substance as a positive and an inert substance as a negative control. Standardized substances are those that have previously completed studies on their toxicity and reactions to a given test organism. The present work was subdivided into two studies: the first aiming to standardize the use of the commercial hydroponic solution as a culture medium for tests with Lemna minor and later the solution was applied as a control group in the evaluation of an urban stream. The duckweeds were repeatedly exposed to the hydroponic solution, along with four dilutions of NaCl, and water from five different collection points of the Barnabé Stream, located in Indaiatuba, SP. The exposure of about 12 fronds per repetition occurred over a period of seven days in an incubator, with controlled temperature and a photoperiod of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness. The evaluated parameters were the calculation of the growth rate of the number of fronds and the leaf area. After statistical analysis, it was obtained as a result that the growth in hydroponic solution was much higher than that of sodium chloride, demonstrating that the solution presents itself as a viable and suitable culture medium for studies with L. minor, as well as, the parameters of number of fronds and leaf area showed sensitivity similar to the solution. After application as a control in the stream toxicity test, it could be considered that the stream water showed signs of toxicity to the macrophyte, seen both in the mean values and in the presence of the phenomenon of chlorosis in the fronds. Statistically, one collection point was not significantly different from the other, but all had low growth rates compared to the control group of the solution. In addition, for the collection points, the leaf area parameter was the most sensitive compared to the number of fronds, showing lower values.
Trajetórias de sujeitos em situação de refúgio em relação às organizações humanitárias: possibilidades de acolhimento de sírios em São Paulo e Toronto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-07)
Pucci, Fabio Martinez Serrano
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0830221445294684
The objective of this dissertation is to relate Syrian refugees’ trajectories to the settlement infrastructure of humanitarian organizations – governmental, from the civil society and the Arab diaspora. I contend that the fragmentation and ambiguity of specific policies towards refugees in Brazil lead them to seek settlement in religious organizations linked to the Arabs. I also examine the extent to which Syrian newcomers established lasting social connections with the Arabs in Brazil. Finally, I carried out a comparative study case on Syrian refugees in Toronto, Canada, where there is a Private Sponsorship Program in which Canadian citizens and permanent residents voluntarily commit themselves to resettling refugees for one year. I adopted the following theoretical framework: Bourdieu (social capital), Glick-Schiller et al. (modes of incorporation at the individual level), Portes and Rumbaut (modes of incorporation at the organizational level), Brubaker and Cooper (identification), Simmel (religion and religiosity), Agier, Fassin and Barnett (humanitarianism). I adopted qualitative methods, which consist of interviews with Syrians in a refugee situation, Arabs and professionals who work in humanitarian organizations. The data analysis and codification are based on the constructive approach of Grounded Theory. The main finding is that Syrians in a refugee situation and the Arabs established fragile bonds. This is due to the weak levels of identification in both national origin and religious affiliation between the two groups. However, there are strong levels of both class and professional identification. Religious transnational networks facilitated the access of some subjects in a refugee situation to the settlement infrastructure of churches and mosques. Religiosity and social connections with sheikhs and priests were determinant in those trajectories. However, the better possibilities of settlement were found in the organizations not linked to the Arabs. Finally, some Syrians avoided obtaining help from humanitarian organizations, rejecting the “refugees” label and asserting their ability to make their own decisions.
O tempo dos benefícios sociais: a experiência urbana dos Yuhupdeh em São Gabriel da Cachoeira (AM)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-07)
Barbará, Michel Paes
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Lolli, Pedro Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6114043331557199
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7077464105370061
This dissertation is an ethnography of the experiences of cash transfer programmes, social security and employment policies, among the Yuhupdeh, indigenous people from the Upper Rio Negro. The work analyses the demand of these groups for social benefits and job exploring the links with the contexts of socio-political relations – indigenous and non-indigenous – in the region. The first chapter deals with the presence of the Yuhupdeh in the urban context: installation in camps, strategies for maintaining families during the period, relations between groups, etc. The second chapter presents a retrospective of indigenous politics throughout the historical process up to its contemporary form, characterized by the promotion of indigenous citizenship.The third chapter discusses how money and commodities circulate in the internal logic of exchange and sharing among the Yuhupdeh people from the notion of “aid”, describing the moral and affective components of exchange relations. The fourth chapter describes and analyses the impact of social benefits and jobs on the debt economy of the regional “aviamento” system. Finally, the conclusion outlines a reflection on “civilization” from the differentiation between “time of the ancients” and “current time” in the contemporary experience of the Yuhupdeh with social benefits and jobs.
Ensino informatizado de leitura e escrita para alunos dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental na abordagem da resposta à intervenção no contexto da pandemia do Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-07)
Muto, Jéssica Harume Dias
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Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3822821764707104
The Multi-tier Intervention Response (RTI) model aims to intervene early with children who are at risk (or difficulty) in acquiring academic skills. Thus, the model presents a direction in relation to the service proposal to work on the students' needs, demonstrating a preventive model to reduce academic difficulties, specifically for reading and writing in this study. Considering the promising results found with the use of an individualized and computerized reading and writing program (Learning to Read and Write in Small Steps - ALEPP), the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of this program, combined with the RTI model, on students entering elementary school at a public regular education institution. Due to the circumstances of the suspension of classes due to the Covid-19 pandemic, this research was divided into two studies. Study 1 partially used ALEPP's Module 1, combined with the multi-tier model of Response to Intervention, as a preventive measure against difficulties related to reading and writing learning by students entering elementary school with face-to-face application. In this study, we sought to monitor the performance of students from two classes of the 1st school year in large-scale assessments of reading skills. A quasi-experimental design with non-random distribution of participants was used, involving direct manipulation and control of variables of interest. Initially, pre-test data were collected through government assessment (PMAlfa) and a functional assessment measure instrument (FAM) of academic areas answered by the professor. Based on the multi-tier service, participants from each of the two classes were selected to carry out the reading and writing teaching program (tier 2 and 3 of the RTI). At the end of the school year, the same assessments (PMAlfa and FAM) were applied in order to verify possible effects of the proposed intervention with students with difficulties in reading and writing. The results showed that nine out of twelve students showed an increase in performance in reading and writing, one participant showed an increase in reading performance, one participant showed no increase in performance in the skills assessed, and one participant did not perform a monitoring assessment of their learning. In general, the assessments used to evaluate and direct participants to the tieres showed that the screening of students with signs of difficulties in traditional classroom teaching processes corresponds to an alarm of the need for intervention beyond the usual procedures of classroom. The data suggest that the RTI model is favorable for referring students to group and/or individual interventions. Study 2 used ALEPP Modules 1 and 2 with online application, with four students selected through the multi-tier model in Study 1, in the face-to-face context before the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection with one of the participants, diagnosed with ASD, had the participation of the mother. The results showed that children benefited from exposure to the teaching program during the suspension of in-person classes, proving to be a promising resource for individualized online care.
Os outros somos nós: cordel e elaboração de livro paradidático de química para pessoas com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-07)
Santos, Michele Batista dos
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Veraszto, Estéfano Vizconde
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6253673132956358
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5321390366616232
The increase in enrollment of people with disabilities in regular public schools has increased the demand for research in the area. In this context, this research used the three axes proposed by Gabriel Kaplún to elaborate a informational books for students with visual impairments. The conceptual, pedagogical and communicational axis. Finally, it should be noted that the objectives of this research were carried out. The general objective was to understand the teaching of chemistry for students with visual impairments and from that point on, a informational books was developed that brought something new and differentiated to the area, a sensory and first-person narrative that addresses radioactivity, content little explored by research with educational materials, and so it was possible to explore the potential of this material. Also carrying out the specific objectives, as an inclusive and easily informational book was created, which also leverages resources to help improve language and orality, using cordel literature in the pedagogical itinerary, and this same itinerary proposes methodologies for applying informational books. from the theoretical assumptions of the area. Thus, like referrals for new research, the actual application of this material remains to broaden the objectives and contribute even more to inclusive education.
O desenvolvimento de livros sensoriais como materiais de apoio para o ensino de habilidades matemáticas na educação infantil: uma perspectiva inclusiva considerando discentes com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-07)
Francisco, Heleine Cristina Villas Bôas
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Veraszto, Estéfano Vizconde
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6253673132956358
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1621769202689119
This work presents a study in the area of Mathematics Teaching, focusing on the teaching of mathematical skills to students of Early Childhood Education with visual impairment, in the perspective of Inclusive Education, due to the presence, increasingly expressive, of these students in nursery schools. . The aim of this study is to produce educational materials for teaching mathematical skills to children aged 0 to 5 years. To this end, the research had as its starting point a bibliographic survey to identify scientific works and publications produced in the area, presented in the last six years (2015-2020) in the Google Scholar databases and in the scientific event ENEMI-2019, aimed at the teaching of inclusive mathematics. Content Analysis, Bardin (2003), was used as a data analysis technique, using na exploratory and qualitative approach. The results of the research demonstrated that of the total of 69 works found focus edon teaching mathematics to students with visual impairments, 27 of them dealt with the use of didactic materials and methodological resources for teaching inclusive mathematics, and of these,only 3 publications dealt with, specifically from the sensorial book, demonstrating the scarcity of the elaboration and use of this material in the teaching of blind children. Base dont he theoretical frameworks found in the research: Ochoa (2015), Jacob (2017) and Moraes, Santos and Sales (2020), the assumptions found regarding the potential and limitations of the sensory book as a support tool for the teaching of students with disabilities visual, andt he BNCC (2017) precepts for the regulation of Early Childhood Education, the methodology for preparing the educational product was developed from the contributions of Káplun (2003), Ruiz (2007) and Leite (2019) and the making of oft he two volumes of sensory books for teaching mathematical skills to blind children in Early Childhood Education, in an inclusive perspective, with the second volume remaining for completion in future research, due to the difficulties encountered by the COVID-19 pandemic. The sensory books were planned and developed with the objective of complementing the didactic material of the teacher to assist classes with children with disabilities, however, the multi proposal sensorial explored in the material serves as a resource stimulated involve students in the classroom, since it explores all sense organs, facilitating learning. In this sense, the sensory book was developed and became an excellent inclusive tool in the classroom. Thus, this research aims contribute to the teaching and learning of blind and low vision children in the area of Mathematics, in addition encouraging inclusive pedagogical practices in the school context.
Análise comparativa das metodologias de avaliação do ciclo de vida e indicador de circularidade de materiais: estudo aplicado às peças de policarbonato de medidores de energia inteligentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-10)
Martins, Mariane Guerra
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Rocha, Tiago Barreto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3214816208041170
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Moris, Virgínia Aparecida da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1101036108950133
With the emergence of the circular economy, companies are restructuring to make better use materials and avoid the extraction of natural resources. However, there is a need to apply metrics to understand the product's circularity and environmental performance. As metrics for analyzing environmental performance and product circularity, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Material Circularity Indicator (MCI) stand out, respectively. In this sense, the main goal is to carry out a comparative analysis of ACV and MCI applied to a case study of plastic parts, using virgin Polycarbonate + 10% fiberglass (PCv10FV), to protect smart electricity meters. The base scenario is represented using 100% PCv10FV and destinating 100% plastic parts for recycling after use. The approach considered in the study was cradle to grave, including the stages of production and transport of material, injection and transport of plastic parts, distribution of parts for use, collection after use and treatment at end of life. The results of the LCA showed that the environmental impacts of plastic parts in the baseline scenario are mainly caused by the PCv10FV production stage and that sending the parts for recycling after use reduces about 95% of impacts to human health, 95% to the ecosystem and 96% to the resource category. The MCI results applied to the baseline scenario indicated that the parts are 0.548 circular even using only virgin material, considering that the end-of-life parts are sent for recycling. Based on the results of the baseline scenario, sensitivity analyzes of the LCA and MCI were carried out in relation to the percentage of recycled material in the parts and their final treatment after use (recycling or landfill). The results suggest points of similarity and difference between the methodologies. Both methodologies are sensitive to the use of recycled content, so the higher the percentage of recycled material in plastic parts, the better their environmental performance and the greater the degree of circularity. Regarding the end-of-life treatment, the results show that sending the parts for recycling and avoiding disposal in landfills is the best strategy both for the results of the LCA and for the MCI when only virgin content is used in the production of plastic parts. On the other hand, the methodologies differ in some points such as the amount of data needed, the way to present of results and the level of detail of them. While the LCA is normalized, requires information about the product's life cycle and reveals detailed results about the contribution of each stage of the life cycle in different impact categories, the MCI requires data on the origin of the material used in the parts, useful life, their function and the destination of the material after use, and presents the result in a single value. Finally, given the main similarities and differences of the methodologies, the study corroborates the importance of linking the MCI to the LCA in search of circular and sustainable solutions.
Niveis de TSH e maturação do sistema auditivo em RN a termo: dados de pesquisa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-11)
Germano, Carla Maria Ramos
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Pallone, Leticia Valerio
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Melo, Debora Gusmão
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Gonçalves, Gleice Aline
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Navarra, Laura Carvalho
Queijo artesanal Porungo: melhorias na produção e qualidade microbiológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-11)
Cardoso, Maria Luiza
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Silva, Naaman Francisco Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8255475072902530
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Pimentel Filho, Natan de Jesus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9157232954010211
Porungo cheese is a product traditionally present in the southwest region of São Paulo with its own characteristics of mozzarella cheese. During the manufacture of Porungo cheese, a microbiota naturally present in milk, endogenous yeast, is used. Lactic acid bacteria, the main components of endogenous yeast, in addition to contributing to the acidification process of the dough, which is fundamental from a technological and sensory point of view, provide an increase in its useful life through the production of several metabolites with antimicrobial potential, such as bacteriocins. Since 2015, researchers from the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) have assisted the producers of Porungo cheese, visiting the producing properties, analyzing the cheeses and offering training courses focusing on good manufacturing practices. Thus, this work sought to assess the impact of UFSCar's research on different aspects of traditional Porungo cheese production, as well as the microbiological quality of these cheeses over the shelf life. To assess the impact of the research carried out to date with producers of Porungo cheese, a structured questionnaire was developed for 10 producers. The microbiological quality of the cheeses was evaluated based on data collected from five rural properties. The cheeses were analyzed over 60 days in two different periods of the year (dry and rainy) for the total coliform parameters, thermotolerant coliforms and Staphylococcus aureus. The interviewed producers reported that UFSCar's research activities were essential for the improvement of cheese production and quality. Increased product advertising has increased consumer demand, improving the product's sales value. There are still some issues to be improved, mainly in relation to its legalization with the Municipal Inspection Service. The contamination of cheeses by total and thermotolerant coliforms was below the maximum limit established by the legislation over the analyzed time, indicating the probable safety regarding contamination by other important pathogenic microbial groups. On the other hand, the high count of S. aureus is impossible to correlate with the requirement of the legislation, since the legislation determines limits for the count of positive coagulase S. aureus, and the coagulase test was not performed. Thus, it is concluded that producers must be attentive to the hygiene of the milking and cheese handling through the effective implementation of good manufacturing practices.
Avaliação da integridade superficial de insertos retificados da liga WC-Co para ferramentas de corte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-11)
Cruz, Dennis Coelho
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Ventura, Carlos Eiji Hirata
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1689198421096127
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Sordi, Vitor Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940
Cutting tools produced from cobalt tungsten carbide alloy (WC-Co), compared to conventional cutting tools, provide lower cost of machining, with increasing productivity and acceptable combination of hardness and fracture toughness. Due to the high value of hardness, the finished product after sintering is obtained by grinding process, which produces high thermal and mechanical loads. However, this process may change the surface characteristics, which affect the cutting insert performance during the application in the machining process. In this context, the present work evaluates the influence of the grinding process variables on the surface integrity of carbide inserts and, consequently, on the tool life in service, in this case, the orthogonal turning of a nodular cast iron. The effects of different conditions of the grinding process were observed (cutting and axial feed speeds, dressing axial speed, diamond grinding wheel of different grain size and bonding material) on the surface roughness (Rz) and edge roughness (∆r), variation in hardness in relation to that of the base material (∆HK) and residual stress in the perpendicular direction to the grinding (σ) of the cemented tungsten carbide cutting inserts. As main results, it was verified that the use of the grinding wheel with smaller grain size (D15) and the use of resinoid binder improved the achievement of lower values of Rz and ∆r, with the consequent generation of more regular surfaces and edges. Higher compressive residual stress and higher hardness in the surface were found after grinding with a vitrified binder wheel and larger grain size (D46). The compressive residual stress e high hardness contributed to increase of the insert ́s life in turning experiments, due to the formation of crack by mechanical effort determining factor for the end of tool life.
Análise histórica da poluição ambiental no Estuário de Santos: estudo histológico das brânquias do molusco Mytella falcata (Orbigny, 1846) como bioindicador.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-12)
Cassita, Maristela Lino Candido
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David, José Augusto de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1395716206085674
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8142074789219664
It’s well known that estuarine ecosystem is true nursery of biodiversity. Although, the estuary of Santos stands out for being an extreme sensitive region. Which shelter the biggest port of Latin America, the Port of Santos, and the biggest industrial pole of Brazil, the Cubatão Industrial Pole. This ecosystem suffers with anthropic pressure and industrial pollution. In order that, emerge the need to monitor the region, with ecotoxicology and M. falcata molluscs being tools to indicate the quality of the environment. The present study intent to make an analysis of the situation of pollution in the estuary of Santos, ten years after the last study of ecotoxicology in the region. For that, sample collection of bivalves were realizes in three different points, wich expressed difference in anthropic impact. The point A was located in Rio Branco, where was no influence of industries. The B point was located in Ilha Barnabé, left side of Port of Santos, and it was in constant influence of industries and ships traffic. The point C, was located next to Companhia Siderúrgica Paulista (COSIPA), and was in constant contact with industrial pollution. The animals had their gill dissected and processed by histological routine, for final inclusion in paraffin. The gill sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for forward identification of any disturb. The slides were analyzed according a system of disturb classification, and attribution of frequency index, for final quantification of the observed alterations. For statistic background was realized normality test and difference significance test. The results indicated severe disturbs in Point B, such as tumors and necroses; in Point C were indentified from severe to mild disorders, such as tumors and infiltration. The A Point showed a lack of sever disorders, however it presented some of mild disturbs. These alterations are related to heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons presence in high concentration. Through analysis of results and comparation with environmental reports, is possible to claim that ten years after the last study with bivalve ecotoxicology in the region, the estuary of Santos remain negatively impacted with the pollution. The presence of high levels of contaminants harm the health of estuary and their organisms.
Sistema Markoviano espacial autoalinhável para estimativa angular de atitude e articular entre dois segmentos consecutivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-12)
Francelino, Edson Hernandes
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Nogueira, Samuel Lourenço
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2287847504423307
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9127744575847330
The interest in gait analysis and daily activities can find applications in several branches of human activity. With continuous research and development, motion capture devices are getting smaller and more affordable in terms of cost. This dissertation presents the development of a system for estimating the attitude (inclination and direction) and joint angles between two consecutive lower limb segments of the human body, using only accelerometers and gyroscopes. In order to improve the accuracy of the estimates and compensate for the numerical integration errors of the gyroscope, each sensor system, installed in its respective segment, performed data fusions through a Kalman Markovian filter, operating in a collaborative way between the systems of sensors at times when the accelerometer measurements registered values below a determined threshold. The strategy of Markovian systems was used, whose jumps choose the type of observation performed on the system, which can be: (a) nominal, considering both segments, (b) local, choosing the segment with the lowest dynamic acceleration index. Unlike previous studies that use Markovian systems with inertial sensors and encoders for absolute angular estimation in lower limb exoskeletons, this study extends the use of this type of system in devices where the encoder is not present, or even in kinematic and dynamic studies of the human body.
Ecologia de Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota, Fungi) no Brasil: uma revisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-12)
Almeida, Ingrid Gabriela de
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Baltazar, Juliano Marcon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8657253415860174
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6486756585602167
Fungi have great importance within terrestrial ecosystems, mainly because of their decomposing role. They are one of the most important actors of nutrient cycling, thus acting at the base of food chains. Brazil is a neglected country about studies with fungi. Despite the studies about inventories, taxonomy and phylogeny have increased in the last two decades, there are few studies focusing on fungal ecology. The present work aims to gather information from studies carried out in Brazil on the ecology of Agaricomycetes fungi. A total of 58 papers were found and analyzed from the bibliographic research on the ecology of fungi in the Brazilian territory. Among them, only 29 papers were selected for analysis, based on fungi ecology with statistics methodologies. This revision allows us to conclude that there is a great knowledge gap on the subject. Only one study was carried out in Southeastern Brazil, while there is no study carried out in Midwestern Brazil. There were few studies carried out in the Southern region, and most studies were carried out in the Northern and Northeastern regions. All regions and themes could be better explored, and the analysis of fungi substrate preferences and their ecological interactions with their hosts are themes with a lot of potential and little prominence.
Método Zero-Variance para Monte Carlo Hamiltoniano aplicado a modelos GARCH univariados e multivariados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Paixão, Rafael Soares
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Ehlers, Ricardo Sandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4020997206928882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6477788005623690
This PhD work develops, compares and applies Monte Carlo Markov Chains (MCMC) methods for parameter estimation in univariate and multivariate GJR-GARCH models. Specifically, the following problems are addressed: (i) conception of a purely bayesian estimation approach; (ii) development of a bayesian method for higher computational efficiency in parameter estimation; and (iii) flexible selection of residual probability distributions for GJR-GARCH models. As a result from the investigations of the aforementioned problems, this work presents four contributions. The first corresponds to a bayesian inference approach for univariate and multivariate GJR-GARCH models. The second consists of studying three residual probability distributions, one of which having been inovatively employed for multivariate cases. The third combines two techniques, namely the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm and the Zero-Variance method, to allow parameter estimation in GJR-GARCH models with higher estimator efficiency, as well as higher computational performance. Finally, the fourth presents results from simulation studies and an application over real-world data, in the context of worldwide stock market indexes, show that the proposed contributions solve the addressed problems effective and efficiently, advancing the state of the art of univariate and multivariate GARCH models.
Fitorremediação por plantas do genêro Brassica a partir do uso de fitorreguladores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Silva, Mayra Dhaiane Cabral
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Baron, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2054014705484176
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3084126825868267
Contamination of the soil by heavy metals has become a global environmental problem aggravated by increased anthropic activities. The accumulation of heavy metals in cultivation environments becomes increasingly frequent and worrying, as these are highly toxic in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. The decontamination of heavy metals from the soil can be carried out through phytoremediation, a promising strategy to 'clean' the soil, through the use of vegetables. For the applicability of phytoremediation, the choice of the 'ideal plant' should take into account the plant species that has rapid growth, high biomass accumulation, and deep roots in its plant tissue. Plant species belonging to the botanical family Brassicaceae, specifically belonging to the botanical genus Brassica, are described in the literature with phytoremediator potential for tolerating excess heavy metals, from the increase in enzymatic activity, total amino acids, production of osmoprotectants, metal quelatization. Although the literature indicates that 'brassicas' can accumulate and tolerate excess metals in their aerial part, plant growth and development may suffer reductions and adverse effects. Although, the adoption of sustainable methodologies to circumvent phytotoxicity, for example, the use of phytoregulators, becomes a potential candidate to stimulate the absorption of pollutants and their tolerance. One of the phytoregulators, widely studied, are brassinosteroids (BRs), which can relieve oxidative stress and increase the antioxidant defense system of plants under stress. Based on the hypothesis about the effect of the phytoregulator 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) on the primary metabolism of vegetables belonging to the botanical genus Brassica, the objective of this work was to compile published information on the phytoremediator potential of heavy metals by 'brássicas', adopting applied methodology with the critical reading of recent publications, performing the screening of abstracts. The exogenous application of EBL will prevent damage to the metabolism of phytoremediation brássic species of heavy metals. However, studies are needed to elucidate gene editing in the improvement of the phytoremediator potential. Given the restrictive measures imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, which suspended face-to-face activities on the Lagoa do Sino campus and on other University campuses, the present course conclusion paper is written in the form of a bibliographic review article for future submission in a scientific journal with high impact factor.
Análise da influência do uso de telas no cultivo de uvas da espécie “Benitaka” (Vitis vinífera) no município de Capão Bonito – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Bernardo, Taynara Aparecida
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Yamamoto, Robson Ryu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2781829944725891
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Gazzola, Jonathan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of microclimatic changes, through the use of different shading screens colors on the vegetative and productive response under the climatic conditions of the city of Capão Bonito - SP. Benitaka vineyards (Vitis vinifera) of the area in full sun (without coverage) and covered with shading screens in red, black and aluminized colors were used. The analysis was separated in two moments: microclimate analysis and plant analysis. For the analysis of the microclimate effect, the multiparameter equipment was used to take measurements of light, air temperature and relative humidity, where the sensors were positioned above the usable vine and below the metalic structure during the period from 12h to 13h. For the plant analysis, the leaves of the vines and the quality of the fruit were analyzed. For the leaf analysis, the software ImageJ® was used to obtain data on leaf length and leaf area. In order to analyze the fruit harvested four bunches of grapes in the different treatments according to their maturity, these were weighed using a digital scale in order to obtain the weight of clusters, using a ruler and a plate with a white background took the measurements of width and height of the clusters. For the analysis of the sugar content used a reflatometer, selected from the bunches of grapes three berries from different locations being, top, middle and bottom, being macerated to obtain the liquid that determines the content of soluble solids. It was analyzed that the screens showed significant interference in modifying the microclimate under the screens and in the productivity of the crop. In relation to the microclimate, the luminousity variable showed better results under the control screen compared to the shading screens, and in comparison between the screens, the red colored screen showed better results. The air temperature showed higher values under the red fabric compared to the control and other fabrics, showing that it can be used in periods of mild air temperature, preventing frost loss. Another factor, relative humidity, knowing that mildew is the main fungal disease of the grapevine and its propagation occurs in environments with high relative humidity and air temperature, it was observed that the red cloth showed lower values compared to the other screens. The production and quality of the grapevine were measured by the variables soluble solids content (brix), bunch weight (g), production per plant (g), number of bunches, height and width of bunches, where the red shade cloth stood out in relation to sugar content and production per plant; the black shade cloth in the weight and height of the bunch, the aluminized screen in relation to the width of the bunch and the open air screen in the number of bunches.
Gerenciamento da qualidade da energia elétrica em smart grids baseado em técnicas de soft computing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Moraes, Anderson Luis de
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Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3469531495595424
The increasing use of nonlinear loads (mainly those based on power electronics), the integration of renewable sources (such as wind and photovoltaic), atmospheric discharges, starting of motors and driving large load blocks generate disturbances that affect the Power Quality, i.e., the energy delivered to consumers. In the Smart Grids context, the distribution utilities seek ways to monitor the Power Quality, so that disturbances can be detected by smart meters and the resulting data should be compressed to ensure an efficient exchange of data packets. In this sense, it is expected that, after unpacking the data, the signals will be recovered with few information losses and can be classified to assist in the utilities’ decision making. Therefore, this work proposes a framework based on the edge and cloud computing technologies, where the processes of detection/segmentation, compression and classification of power quality disturbances will be properly performed. To analyze the performance of this framework, a synthetic database with 15 disturbance classes (simple and combined) was generated. Thus, detection of disturbances was performed by a Decision Tree capable of identifying 94.71% of the disturbance windows. Next, the disturbances detected were submitted to a treatment stage in order to guarantee a more efficient segmentation of the signals. The resulting windows of disturbances were then compressed using a Wavelet Transform, considering filters from the Daubechies family, in which it was possible to reduce the data packets to a compression rate greater than 3.6. Through data unpacking, a low information loss was observed. Finally, there was a transformation of the temporal signals in Recurrence Plots, Gramian Angular Summation Field and Gramian Angular Difference Field in order to identify the voltage signal patterns through a set of Convolutional Neural Networks. In this context, the proposed approach allows to obtain an average accuracy above 94%. Thus, the results of this research will contribute to advance the state-of-the-art in Power Quality automatic signal processing.
Influência da obesidade sobre as morfologias de onda da pressão intracraniana e cerebral: um estudo prospectivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Marine, Diego Adorna
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2675179641148838
Introduction: Obesity is a low-grade inflammatory disease, which can lead to the development of other pathologies, such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias and arterial hypertension (AH). Compare the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and intracranial pressure (ICP), given by the cerebral perfusion pressure, AH can cause an increase in ICP. The increase in ICP is related to stroke, migraines, ocular hypertension, among other pathologies. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the behavior of the ICP wave morphology in the face of obesity, to analyze the non-invasive form and to prospect for information about AH, ICP, inflammatory and metabolic aspects, and cerebral morphology in Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Two parallel studies were carried out, with a 24-week treatment of a high-fat diet, to induce obesity, after a previous adaptation of 60 days, with a standard diet. In study 1, 16 rats were divided into the Obese (OB, n = 9) and Non-Obese (NOB, n = 7) groups. All animals were adopted every 4 weeks, being: Fat percentage (% g), Body mass (BM), Fat free mass (FFM), Bone mineral content (BMC), BP, Heart rate (HR) and ICP. In study 2, 61 animals were divided into the groups, high-fat diet (HFD) and chow diet (CD) and subdivided by weeks in which they were sacrificed, over the 24 weeks (W0, W8, W16, W24). Group OB and W-HFD were fed with HFD and NOB and W-CD with CD. The evaluations of the non-invasive variables were carried out in study 2 every 8 weeks, and part of the animals being sacrificed. Also extracted were: brain weight, brain lipid content, number of cells in the primary motor area (M1), the thickness of the gray matter in this area, in addition to blood glucose, lipid profile, and inflammatory profile. Euthanasia took place every 8 weeks in study 2, and in study 1 at the end of 24 weeks. Results: Study 1 statistical difference in the area under the ICP curve, between OB and NOB, with a reduction in the NOB group, remaining below OB during treatment. In study 2, there was no difference between the groups, only was a probability of an increase in the W24-HFD group. Regarding BP, no statistical difference was found in both studies. However, HR was statistically different in study 1, being higher in OB, and the probability of increase in study 2. BM,%fat, FFM, and BMC were higher in the OB and W24-HFD groups, compared to the control. There is no difference in brain lipid content or relative brain weight at the end of treatment. There was a probability of a decrease in brain weight in the HFD groups, and also a decrease in the total number of M1 cells, in addition to an increase in the thickness of the gray matter of this same area in the HFD group. Discovery of decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and increased leptin at the end of treatment in the W24-HFD group. Conclusion: The HFD developed obesity in rats, but did not promote dyslipidemia or chronic inflammation. The increase in blood glucose in the OB group demonstrates possible insulin resistance. Variations in ICP are due to the better cerebral compliance of the NOB group. An increased likelihood of leptin, gray matter thickness, loss of cell number and reduction of circulating BDNF levels may indicate loss of neural plasticity, glial cells, and increased fluid in the brain parenchyma. This scenario may be the beginning of a greater damage to the brain, potentially leading to an increase in the PIC.
O herbicida glifosato pode causar alterações em invertebrados polinizadores? Um estudo comportamental com abelhas operárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Antunes, Bianca Caroline
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Lhano, Marcos Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8089627474241345
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2666320351763251
The exposure of bees to agricultural fields with use of pesticides has alarmed society because of the possible consequences of this contact. The aim of this study was to observe possible behavioral changes in Africanized bees (Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier 1836), after exposure to the herbicide glyphosate. Two methods of exposure (ingestion and spraying) and two concentrations (1 mL.-1 and 0.01 mL.L-1) were used, in a period of 24 hours. It was expected that the higher concentration of the herbicide would result in behavioral changes in individuals. Contact behavior (communication between two individuals), mobility (ability to take flight), tremors and grouping (communication between three or more individuals) were analyzed. Individuals’ mortality was counted. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Sisvar® software, with inicial test of normality data (Shapiro-Wilk) followed by variance (Tukey). In the ingestion method, it was observed that, in the higher concentration (1 mL.-1), there was a decrease in contact between bees (Pr> Fc 0.0129), decreased mobility (Pr> Fc 0.0007), tremors (Pr> Fc 0.0000) and significant mortality (Pr> Fc 0.0027). With spraying method, at the highest concentration the grouping of bees decreased (Pr> Fc 0.0179), mobility increased (Pr> Fc 0.0412) and significant mortality (Pr> Fc 0.0022). It was noticed that higher concentrations of the herbicide can affect the behavior of bees; also, the spray method resulted in a higher mortality. We conclude that glyphosate can be harmful and influence the behavioral patterns of A. mellifera scutellata, and may be related to their mortality.
Gestão por competência: análise de modelos e aplicações em bibliotecas universitárias federais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Flores, Michelle
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9116587665515030
The present research proposal analyzed the management models applied in Federal University Libraries comparing them with the Competency Management model, highlighting the pros and cons after their implementation by the managers. The objective was also to propose suggestions for a possible Competency Management model to be implemented in Federal University Libraries. The research is qualitative, quantitative, descriptive and exploratory. A structured questionnaire was applied to managers and administrative documents from the Federal University Libraries surveyed were also analyzed. 34 of the 65 questionnaires sent were answered, corresponding to 52.30%, and the documents of these libraries were analyzed. The analysis of qualitative data was performed according to Bardin's Content Analysis (1977) and for closed questions, the analysis of quantitative data was used. The analysis of administrative documents verified the indicators of organizational and individual competencies present in the documents and in the practice of library management. The Organizational Indicators: Strategic Planning, Mission, Vision and Values, Mapping Competencies and People Management. Individual Indicators: Training and Development Program, Career Plan and Performance Evaluation. With the analysis it was realized that Management by Competence is a subject of knowledge and interest of managers, and that 100% of libraries have part or total of the Management by Competence model applied, thus evidencing the importance of the model for the University Libraries. The importance of drafting administrative documents was also noted in the research, with Strategic Planning and the definition of Mission, Vision and Values being observed in 20 and 24 libraries, respectively, of the 34 surveyed, as well as the Competency Mapping, a fundamental process in KM is not a practice in management, only 9 libraries do this mapping. The indicators, Performance Evaluation and Career Plan were observed in all libraries, as they are federal institutions, and have the TAEs Career Plan, in accordance with Law 11.091, of 12/01/2005. The negative points pointed out were, difficulties in the implementation of the Competency Management model, in the participation of civil servants, in the relocation, and in the implementation of the model in public agencies and civil servants without training. The positive points were, identification of individual skills, job satisfaction, collaborative environment. The analysis of the products and services offered showed that there is a standardization of these, but some differentiated products and services were identified, such as: services and products for people with disabilities, film exhibition and exhibition of arts and culture, tutorials, ISBN request, ISSN and DOI, copyright request. Faced with the reality found in Federal University Libraries and the interest of some managers in getting to know the subject better and even implementing the Competency Management model in their library, suggestions were made for the implementation of a possible Competency Management Model in Libraries Federal University Universities, which includes 3 stages: I. Presentation, II. Competency Mapping and III. Evaluation and Evolution, detailing the procedures foreseen in the implantation.