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Análise histórica da poluição ambiental no Estuário de Santos: estudo histológico das brânquias do molusco Mytella falcata (Orbigny, 1846) como bioindicador.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-12)
Cassita, Maristela Lino Candido
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David, José Augusto de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1395716206085674
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8142074789219664
It’s well known that estuarine ecosystem is true nursery of biodiversity. Although, the estuary of Santos stands out for being an extreme sensitive region. Which shelter the biggest port of Latin America, the Port of Santos, and the biggest industrial pole of Brazil, the Cubatão Industrial Pole. This ecosystem suffers with anthropic pressure and industrial pollution. In order that, emerge the need to monitor the region, with ecotoxicology and M. falcata molluscs being tools to indicate the quality of the environment. The present study intent to make an analysis of the situation of pollution in the estuary of Santos, ten years after the last study of ecotoxicology in the region. For that, sample collection of bivalves were realizes in three different points, wich expressed difference in anthropic impact. The point A was located in Rio Branco, where was no influence of industries. The B point was located in Ilha Barnabé, left side of Port of Santos, and it was in constant influence of industries and ships traffic. The point C, was located next to Companhia Siderúrgica Paulista (COSIPA), and was in constant contact with industrial pollution. The animals had their gill dissected and processed by histological routine, for final inclusion in paraffin. The gill sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for forward identification of any disturb. The slides were analyzed according a system of disturb classification, and attribution of frequency index, for final quantification of the observed alterations. For statistic background was realized normality test and difference significance test. The results indicated severe disturbs in Point B, such as tumors and necroses; in Point C were indentified from severe to mild disorders, such as tumors and infiltration. The A Point showed a lack of sever disorders, however it presented some of mild disturbs. These alterations are related to heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons presence in high concentration. Through analysis of results and comparation with environmental reports, is possible to claim that ten years after the last study with bivalve ecotoxicology in the region, the estuary of Santos remain negatively impacted with the pollution. The presence of high levels of contaminants harm the health of estuary and their organisms.
Sistema Markoviano espacial autoalinhável para estimativa angular de atitude e articular entre dois segmentos consecutivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-12)
Francelino, Edson Hernandes
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Nogueira, Samuel Lourenço
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2287847504423307
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9127744575847330
The interest in gait analysis and daily activities can find applications in several branches of human activity. With continuous research and development, motion capture devices are getting smaller and more affordable in terms of cost. This dissertation presents the development of a system for estimating the attitude (inclination and direction) and joint angles between two consecutive lower limb segments of the human body, using only accelerometers and gyroscopes. In order to improve the accuracy of the estimates and compensate for the numerical integration errors of the gyroscope, each sensor system, installed in its respective segment, performed data fusions through a Kalman Markovian filter, operating in a collaborative way between the systems of sensors at times when the accelerometer measurements registered values below a determined threshold. The strategy of Markovian systems was used, whose jumps choose the type of observation performed on the system, which can be: (a) nominal, considering both segments, (b) local, choosing the segment with the lowest dynamic acceleration index. Unlike previous studies that use Markovian systems with inertial sensors and encoders for absolute angular estimation in lower limb exoskeletons, this study extends the use of this type of system in devices where the encoder is not present, or even in kinematic and dynamic studies of the human body.
Ecologia de Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota, Fungi) no Brasil: uma revisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-12)
Almeida, Ingrid Gabriela de
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Baltazar, Juliano Marcon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8657253415860174
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6486756585602167
Fungi have great importance within terrestrial ecosystems, mainly because of their decomposing role. They are one of the most important actors of nutrient cycling, thus acting at the base of food chains. Brazil is a neglected country about studies with fungi. Despite the studies about inventories, taxonomy and phylogeny have increased in the last two decades, there are few studies focusing on fungal ecology. The present work aims to gather information from studies carried out in Brazil on the ecology of Agaricomycetes fungi. A total of 58 papers were found and analyzed from the bibliographic research on the ecology of fungi in the Brazilian territory. Among them, only 29 papers were selected for analysis, based on fungi ecology with statistics methodologies. This revision allows us to conclude that there is a great knowledge gap on the subject. Only one study was carried out in Southeastern Brazil, while there is no study carried out in Midwestern Brazil. There were few studies carried out in the Southern region, and most studies were carried out in the Northern and Northeastern regions. All regions and themes could be better explored, and the analysis of fungi substrate preferences and their ecological interactions with their hosts are themes with a lot of potential and little prominence.
Método Zero-Variance para Monte Carlo Hamiltoniano aplicado a modelos GARCH univariados e multivariados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Paixão, Rafael Soares
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Ehlers, Ricardo Sandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4020997206928882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6477788005623690
This PhD work develops, compares and applies Monte Carlo Markov Chains (MCMC) methods for parameter estimation in univariate and multivariate GJR-GARCH models. Specifically, the following problems are addressed: (i) conception of a purely bayesian estimation approach; (ii) development of a bayesian method for higher computational efficiency in parameter estimation; and (iii) flexible selection of residual probability distributions for GJR-GARCH models. As a result from the investigations of the aforementioned problems, this work presents four contributions. The first corresponds to a bayesian inference approach for univariate and multivariate GJR-GARCH models. The second consists of studying three residual probability distributions, one of which having been inovatively employed for multivariate cases. The third combines two techniques, namely the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm and the Zero-Variance method, to allow parameter estimation in GJR-GARCH models with higher estimator efficiency, as well as higher computational performance. Finally, the fourth presents results from simulation studies and an application over real-world data, in the context of worldwide stock market indexes, show that the proposed contributions solve the addressed problems effective and efficiently, advancing the state of the art of univariate and multivariate GARCH models.
Fitorremediação por plantas do genêro Brassica a partir do uso de fitorreguladores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Silva, Mayra Dhaiane Cabral
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Baron, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2054014705484176
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3084126825868267
Contamination of the soil by heavy metals has become a global environmental problem aggravated by increased anthropic activities. The accumulation of heavy metals in cultivation environments becomes increasingly frequent and worrying, as these are highly toxic in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. The decontamination of heavy metals from the soil can be carried out through phytoremediation, a promising strategy to 'clean' the soil, through the use of vegetables. For the applicability of phytoremediation, the choice of the 'ideal plant' should take into account the plant species that has rapid growth, high biomass accumulation, and deep roots in its plant tissue. Plant species belonging to the botanical family Brassicaceae, specifically belonging to the botanical genus Brassica, are described in the literature with phytoremediator potential for tolerating excess heavy metals, from the increase in enzymatic activity, total amino acids, production of osmoprotectants, metal quelatization. Although the literature indicates that 'brassicas' can accumulate and tolerate excess metals in their aerial part, plant growth and development may suffer reductions and adverse effects. Although, the adoption of sustainable methodologies to circumvent phytotoxicity, for example, the use of phytoregulators, becomes a potential candidate to stimulate the absorption of pollutants and their tolerance. One of the phytoregulators, widely studied, are brassinosteroids (BRs), which can relieve oxidative stress and increase the antioxidant defense system of plants under stress. Based on the hypothesis about the effect of the phytoregulator 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) on the primary metabolism of vegetables belonging to the botanical genus Brassica, the objective of this work was to compile published information on the phytoremediator potential of heavy metals by 'brássicas', adopting applied methodology with the critical reading of recent publications, performing the screening of abstracts. The exogenous application of EBL will prevent damage to the metabolism of phytoremediation brássic species of heavy metals. However, studies are needed to elucidate gene editing in the improvement of the phytoremediator potential. Given the restrictive measures imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, which suspended face-to-face activities on the Lagoa do Sino campus and on other University campuses, the present course conclusion paper is written in the form of a bibliographic review article for future submission in a scientific journal with high impact factor.
Análise da influência do uso de telas no cultivo de uvas da espécie “Benitaka” (Vitis vinífera) no município de Capão Bonito – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Bernardo, Taynara Aparecida
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Yamamoto, Robson Ryu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2781829944725891
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Gazzola, Jonathan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of microclimatic changes, through the use of different shading screens colors on the vegetative and productive response under the climatic conditions of the city of Capão Bonito - SP. Benitaka vineyards (Vitis vinifera) of the area in full sun (without coverage) and covered with shading screens in red, black and aluminized colors were used. The analysis was separated in two moments: microclimate analysis and plant analysis. For the analysis of the microclimate effect, the multiparameter equipment was used to take measurements of light, air temperature and relative humidity, where the sensors were positioned above the usable vine and below the metalic structure during the period from 12h to 13h. For the plant analysis, the leaves of the vines and the quality of the fruit were analyzed. For the leaf analysis, the software ImageJ® was used to obtain data on leaf length and leaf area. In order to analyze the fruit harvested four bunches of grapes in the different treatments according to their maturity, these were weighed using a digital scale in order to obtain the weight of clusters, using a ruler and a plate with a white background took the measurements of width and height of the clusters. For the analysis of the sugar content used a reflatometer, selected from the bunches of grapes three berries from different locations being, top, middle and bottom, being macerated to obtain the liquid that determines the content of soluble solids. It was analyzed that the screens showed significant interference in modifying the microclimate under the screens and in the productivity of the crop. In relation to the microclimate, the luminousity variable showed better results under the control screen compared to the shading screens, and in comparison between the screens, the red colored screen showed better results. The air temperature showed higher values under the red fabric compared to the control and other fabrics, showing that it can be used in periods of mild air temperature, preventing frost loss. Another factor, relative humidity, knowing that mildew is the main fungal disease of the grapevine and its propagation occurs in environments with high relative humidity and air temperature, it was observed that the red cloth showed lower values compared to the other screens. The production and quality of the grapevine were measured by the variables soluble solids content (brix), bunch weight (g), production per plant (g), number of bunches, height and width of bunches, where the red shade cloth stood out in relation to sugar content and production per plant; the black shade cloth in the weight and height of the bunch, the aluminized screen in relation to the width of the bunch and the open air screen in the number of bunches.
Gerenciamento da qualidade da energia elétrica em smart grids baseado em técnicas de soft computing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Moraes, Anderson Luis de
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Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3469531495595424
The increasing use of nonlinear loads (mainly those based on power electronics), the integration of renewable sources (such as wind and photovoltaic), atmospheric discharges, starting of motors and driving large load blocks generate disturbances that affect the Power Quality, i.e., the energy delivered to consumers. In the Smart Grids context, the distribution utilities seek ways to monitor the Power Quality, so that disturbances can be detected by smart meters and the resulting data should be compressed to ensure an efficient exchange of data packets. In this sense, it is expected that, after unpacking the data, the signals will be recovered with few information losses and can be classified to assist in the utilities’ decision making. Therefore, this work proposes a framework based on the edge and cloud computing technologies, where the processes of detection/segmentation, compression and classification of power quality disturbances will be properly performed. To analyze the performance of this framework, a synthetic database with 15 disturbance classes (simple and combined) was generated. Thus, detection of disturbances was performed by a Decision Tree capable of identifying 94.71% of the disturbance windows. Next, the disturbances detected were submitted to a treatment stage in order to guarantee a more efficient segmentation of the signals. The resulting windows of disturbances were then compressed using a Wavelet Transform, considering filters from the Daubechies family, in which it was possible to reduce the data packets to a compression rate greater than 3.6. Through data unpacking, a low information loss was observed. Finally, there was a transformation of the temporal signals in Recurrence Plots, Gramian Angular Summation Field and Gramian Angular Difference Field in order to identify the voltage signal patterns through a set of Convolutional Neural Networks. In this context, the proposed approach allows to obtain an average accuracy above 94%. Thus, the results of this research will contribute to advance the state-of-the-art in Power Quality automatic signal processing.
Influência da obesidade sobre as morfologias de onda da pressão intracraniana e cerebral: um estudo prospectivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-13)
Marine, Diego Adorna
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2675179641148838
Introduction: Obesity is a low-grade inflammatory disease, which can lead to the development of other pathologies, such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias and arterial hypertension (AH). Compare the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and intracranial pressure (ICP), given by the cerebral perfusion pressure, AH can cause an increase in ICP. The increase in ICP is related to stroke, migraines, ocular hypertension, among other pathologies. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the behavior of the ICP wave morphology in the face of obesity, to analyze the non-invasive form and to prospect for information about AH, ICP, inflammatory and metabolic aspects, and cerebral morphology in Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Two parallel studies were carried out, with a 24-week treatment of a high-fat diet, to induce obesity, after a previous adaptation of 60 days, with a standard diet. In study 1, 16 rats were divided into the Obese (OB, n = 9) and Non-Obese (NOB, n = 7) groups. All animals were adopted every 4 weeks, being: Fat percentage (% g), Body mass (BM), Fat free mass (FFM), Bone mineral content (BMC), BP, Heart rate (HR) and ICP. In study 2, 61 animals were divided into the groups, high-fat diet (HFD) and chow diet (CD) and subdivided by weeks in which they were sacrificed, over the 24 weeks (W0, W8, W16, W24). Group OB and W-HFD were fed with HFD and NOB and W-CD with CD. The evaluations of the non-invasive variables were carried out in study 2 every 8 weeks, and part of the animals being sacrificed. Also extracted were: brain weight, brain lipid content, number of cells in the primary motor area (M1), the thickness of the gray matter in this area, in addition to blood glucose, lipid profile, and inflammatory profile. Euthanasia took place every 8 weeks in study 2, and in study 1 at the end of 24 weeks. Results: Study 1 statistical difference in the area under the ICP curve, between OB and NOB, with a reduction in the NOB group, remaining below OB during treatment. In study 2, there was no difference between the groups, only was a probability of an increase in the W24-HFD group. Regarding BP, no statistical difference was found in both studies. However, HR was statistically different in study 1, being higher in OB, and the probability of increase in study 2. BM,%fat, FFM, and BMC were higher in the OB and W24-HFD groups, compared to the control. There is no difference in brain lipid content or relative brain weight at the end of treatment. There was a probability of a decrease in brain weight in the HFD groups, and also a decrease in the total number of M1 cells, in addition to an increase in the thickness of the gray matter of this same area in the HFD group. Discovery of decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and increased leptin at the end of treatment in the W24-HFD group. Conclusion: The HFD developed obesity in rats, but did not promote dyslipidemia or chronic inflammation. The increase in blood glucose in the OB group demonstrates possible insulin resistance. Variations in ICP are due to the better cerebral compliance of the NOB group. An increased likelihood of leptin, gray matter thickness, loss of cell number and reduction of circulating BDNF levels may indicate loss of neural plasticity, glial cells, and increased fluid in the brain parenchyma. This scenario may be the beginning of a greater damage to the brain, potentially leading to an increase in the PIC.
O herbicida glifosato pode causar alterações em invertebrados polinizadores? Um estudo comportamental com abelhas operárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Antunes, Bianca Caroline
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Lhano, Marcos Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8089627474241345
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2666320351763251
The exposure of bees to agricultural fields with use of pesticides has alarmed society because of the possible consequences of this contact. The aim of this study was to observe possible behavioral changes in Africanized bees (Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier 1836), after exposure to the herbicide glyphosate. Two methods of exposure (ingestion and spraying) and two concentrations (1 mL.-1 and 0.01 mL.L-1) were used, in a period of 24 hours. It was expected that the higher concentration of the herbicide would result in behavioral changes in individuals. Contact behavior (communication between two individuals), mobility (ability to take flight), tremors and grouping (communication between three or more individuals) were analyzed. Individuals’ mortality was counted. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Sisvar® software, with inicial test of normality data (Shapiro-Wilk) followed by variance (Tukey). In the ingestion method, it was observed that, in the higher concentration (1 mL.-1), there was a decrease in contact between bees (Pr> Fc 0.0129), decreased mobility (Pr> Fc 0.0007), tremors (Pr> Fc 0.0000) and significant mortality (Pr> Fc 0.0027). With spraying method, at the highest concentration the grouping of bees decreased (Pr> Fc 0.0179), mobility increased (Pr> Fc 0.0412) and significant mortality (Pr> Fc 0.0022). It was noticed that higher concentrations of the herbicide can affect the behavior of bees; also, the spray method resulted in a higher mortality. We conclude that glyphosate can be harmful and influence the behavioral patterns of A. mellifera scutellata, and may be related to their mortality.
Gestão por competência: análise de modelos e aplicações em bibliotecas universitárias federais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Flores, Michelle
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9116587665515030
The present research proposal analyzed the management models applied in Federal University Libraries comparing them with the Competency Management model, highlighting the pros and cons after their implementation by the managers. The objective was also to propose suggestions for a possible Competency Management model to be implemented in Federal University Libraries. The research is qualitative, quantitative, descriptive and exploratory. A structured questionnaire was applied to managers and administrative documents from the Federal University Libraries surveyed were also analyzed. 34 of the 65 questionnaires sent were answered, corresponding to 52.30%, and the documents of these libraries were analyzed. The analysis of qualitative data was performed according to Bardin's Content Analysis (1977) and for closed questions, the analysis of quantitative data was used. The analysis of administrative documents verified the indicators of organizational and individual competencies present in the documents and in the practice of library management. The Organizational Indicators: Strategic Planning, Mission, Vision and Values, Mapping Competencies and People Management. Individual Indicators: Training and Development Program, Career Plan and Performance Evaluation. With the analysis it was realized that Management by Competence is a subject of knowledge and interest of managers, and that 100% of libraries have part or total of the Management by Competence model applied, thus evidencing the importance of the model for the University Libraries. The importance of drafting administrative documents was also noted in the research, with Strategic Planning and the definition of Mission, Vision and Values being observed in 20 and 24 libraries, respectively, of the 34 surveyed, as well as the Competency Mapping, a fundamental process in KM is not a practice in management, only 9 libraries do this mapping. The indicators, Performance Evaluation and Career Plan were observed in all libraries, as they are federal institutions, and have the TAEs Career Plan, in accordance with Law 11.091, of 12/01/2005. The negative points pointed out were, difficulties in the implementation of the Competency Management model, in the participation of civil servants, in the relocation, and in the implementation of the model in public agencies and civil servants without training. The positive points were, identification of individual skills, job satisfaction, collaborative environment. The analysis of the products and services offered showed that there is a standardization of these, but some differentiated products and services were identified, such as: services and products for people with disabilities, film exhibition and exhibition of arts and culture, tutorials, ISBN request, ISSN and DOI, copyright request. Faced with the reality found in Federal University Libraries and the interest of some managers in getting to know the subject better and even implementing the Competency Management model in their library, suggestions were made for the implementation of a possible Competency Management Model in Libraries Federal University Universities, which includes 3 stages: I. Presentation, II. Competency Mapping and III. Evaluation and Evolution, detailing the procedures foreseen in the implantation.
Distribuição espacial, composição taxonômica e diversidade funcional de copepoda em águas doces do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Duarte, Matheus Almeida
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Rocha, Odete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8272378304216399
Copepods are important components of freshwater zooplankton, acting as a connection between communities, feeding on small microorganisms, algae and other invertebrates and themselves serving as food for similar invertebrates, aquatic insects, and especially fish in the upper trophic levels. They are vulnerable to anthropic actions, particularly to eutrophication, which causes a decrease in species richness, derregulation and interruption of reproductive cycles, besides potential species extinction. This group was selected for the present study as an indicator group of the effects of this process on the freshwater biota from São Paulo State. During the period from 2011 to 2015, 300 water bodies were sampled in the 22 Water Resources Management Units in the state. A semi-quantitative sampling was carried out, with 5 horizontal trawls of the plankton net in the shallow systems and combined horizontal and vertical in the deep ones. Copepods occurred in 280 bodies of water in 22 UGHRIs. A total of 36 species were recorded, 10 species of Calanoida, 26 of Cyclopoida and juveniles of Harpacticoida. The most representative genera in number of species were Notodiaptomus (Calanoida) and Mesocyclops (Cyclopoida). The most widely distributed species were Thermocyclops decipiens, Tropocyclops prasinus and Notodiaptomus deitersi. The highest population densities were found for Thermocyclops decipiens, Thermocyclops minutus and Notodiaptomus iheringi. Analysis of the relationship between species richness, uniformity, taxonomic and functional diversity and the trophic status of water bodies revealed that Copepoda have greatest species diversity in oligotrophic systems. As eutrophication progresses, all these variables decrease. The data obtained by the indicator species index points to a set of indicator species that can be selected and used in future studies to monitor changes in the distribution of these species in São Paulo State or in other regions of the country. Analysis of eutrophication effects on taxonomic and functional diversity of Copepoda, that is, on the variety of “ecological roles” of species, revealed that for both components evaluated, functional equitability and functional diversity, there were negatively correlations with the degree of eutrophication of the water bodies. Thus, it was concluded that taxonomic and functional diversity decrease as freshwaters become increasingly eutrophicated and, therefore, the conservation of aquatic biodiversity will depend on control or the revertion of this process.
Insumos tecnológicos em sementes florestais para uso em restauração via semeadura direta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Almeida, Lausanne Soraya de
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6324511279955544
Direct seeding is a technique that involves the use of seeds instead of seedlings, considered as a potential alternative for forest restoration. However, its efficiency is linked to species selection, seed quality and establishment. To contribute to the practice, were carried out in field and laboratory experiments with the following objectives: a) to test if germination in the laboratory can predict germinability and emergence (seedling density) in the field; b) evaluate the efficiency of a growth regulator in removing dormancy in seeds; c) assess whether the use of growth regulators and osmoconditioning enhance the results in the field; d) select species with better field behavior to be indicated in direct seeding. The seeds were prepared in the laboratory by carrying out germination tests, then, in the field, five randomized blocks were installed and monitored up to 720 days with the following treatments:T1 - use of growth regulator; T2 - osmoconditioning (in five species); T3 - control (with removal of dormancy in all dormant species) and T4 - use of growth regulator + osmoconditioning (polyethylene glycol -0.5Mpa) and in the case of dormant seeds, no dormancy removal was performed. Of the 38 species sown in the field, 23 emerged, corresponding to 60.5%. These were represented by 10 families, 52.2% from Fabaceae (n = 12). For dormant seeds, the use of growth regulator associated with dormancy removal was equivalent to the control, while the product applied to seeds without dormancy removal had a greater number of emerging plants. For non-dormant seeds (do not need dormancy removal) the use of the growth regulator delayed and reduced the number of emerging seeds up to 720 days after sowing, in comparison with the control. Germination showed low correlation with germinability (% emergence in relation to the number of sown seeds) and emergence (maximum number of emerging plants) in the field, in all treatments used, except for the species Handroanthus heptaphyllus, Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Poecilanthe parviflora, Pterocarpus violaceus, Platypodium elegans and Hymenaea courbaril, all with medium and large size seeds. This shows how efficient these species are in direct seeding and therefore are recommended for restoration using this technique. The osmoconditioning was not efficient in any of the species analyzed in the evaluated water potential. The growth regulator can be used to remove dormancy in field conditions.
Pensar o corpo outramente: corpo e linguagem no itinerário de Emmanuel Levinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Gonçalves, Hegildo Holanda
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Ribeiro Júnior, Nilo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8047378549590212
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Moutinho, Luiz Damon Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9475267722538751
This work investigates the problem of body and language in Emmanuel Levina’s philosophy. Therefore, we sought to reconstruct the Levinasian thought about the body, which goes from existence to essence and from essence to existence. In this context, the body is thought outside knowledge totality. As a result, we evidenced that the author's thought is accomplished as an abandonment of the first Husserl’s intentional phenomenology and the Dasein existential analytics of Heidegger’s Ontology. This, however, does not mean that Levinas has denied the role of Phenomenology masters in the reinsertion of the body issue in the contemporary Philosophy context. Three axes support the framework in which the problem of this research is placed: i) the existence as a locus from which the issue of essence is stated, brought to Philosophy scene by the ontophenomenological turning point; ii) the body, in Levinas work, in the context of this philosophical turning point, conjugated to the Jewish tradition of otherness; and iii) the language anchored in the problem of face-to-face and melee relationship with the Other. We hypothesize that the problem of the body in Levina’s work can not be thought outside the relationship with the Other, who is flesh/body. This relationship is eminently ethical language. Hence, the body is an assumption for language, which is used by the author to approach the ethical corporeality issue. Therefore, considering that language in Levinas work, mainly after Totalité et Infini, is characterized beyond the essence, this research aims to formulate the thesis of a semioethics in the author’s writings, understood as a theory of signs that comes as ethics due to language as the responsiveness of the me-sign in-accusative towards the Other. This presupposes the resumption of language metaphorical character, as Levinas thinks, to show that metaphor refers to the body itself, as a sign for the Other. This is certainly what allows the philosopher to escape possible pitfalls of logic and language of being and to point to the otherwise than being and his eminently ethical language. We emphasize, however, that postulating a semioethics in Levinas works only makes sense if it is thought in an ethical language of the body said otherwise.
Influência das safras de cana de açúcar na configuração das ilhas de calor urbano em áreas periurbanas em Piracicaba, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-14)
Coury, Bruno Sigolo
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Masiero, Érico
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8163078474963927
This work comes from the premise that periurban spaces, in general neglected by the traditional climatological urban studies, also possesses altered environments, with observable negative consequences to their microclimates, like the formation of the Urban Heat Islands (UHIs), since they also present anthropic factors which contribute to this scenario. Besides, it is notable the influence that the surrounding rural environment possesses to these areas, complying to observe in which manner the agricultural activities nearby will influence the climate regions. Being so, this research proposes a visualization of the influence that the spatial variations have to periurban neighborhoods of the municipality of Piracicaba/SP, an interior medium size city, situation that doesn’t make the traditional center of the climatological research, but has presented an accelerated urbanization process, typical of the Brazilian scenario. To this, two periods of obtaining climatological data were defined: before and after the sugarcane harvest, moments in which the rural soil presents bigger territorial differentiation. In the period after the harvest, it was installed measurement sensors in a sugarcane field and in two borderline periurban neighborhoods, which owns different territorial configurations, besides another sensor in a centralized neighborhood, with bigger urbanization, as a reference. So, it was pretended to observe not only the influence of the rural environment to the periurban spaces, but also how the spatial variations inside a same urban space can contribute to different microclimates, as proposes the Local Climate Zones (LCZs) methodology by Stewart & Oke (2012). As an additional practice, mobile transects were simultaneously realized in the rural area an in one of the periurban neighborhoods, allowing bigger comparation between these. The results obtained with the first stage of the collect made possible to visualize a significant bigger difference, between the temperatures of the central neighborhood and the rural area, especially in the final of the dawn, process which is reversed in the beginning of the morning, due to the warmth of the exposed rural soil. The periurban neighborhoods presented in general bigger temperatures than the rural area, although smaller than the central neighborhood, corroborating the contribution that the urban density possesses to the surrounding temperatures. However, the thermal configuration of them varied according to their own spatial arrangement, demonstrating that not only the agricultural environment is relevant, but also the configuration of each periurban area to their respective microclimate.
Evaluation of the biological activity of the disintegrin-like and cysteine-rich domains of Bothropasin, a metalloproteinase from Bothrops jararaca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Olaoba, Olamide Tosin
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9341270254432200
Bothropasin is a 48kDa hemorrhagic class III Snake Venom Metalloproteinase (SVMP). As a multi-domain protein, it contains catalytic metalloproteinase (M), disintegrin-like (D), and cysteine rich domains (C). Integrins belong to the superfamily of transmembrane cell adhesion receptor that interact and bind to soluble ligands, cell-surface ligands, and extracellular matrix ligands such as collagen. The integrin-binding motif of bothropasin unlike the P-II members (that contain RGD-motif) is an ECD tripeptide. It was previously reported that cysteine (C) and aspartate (D) of the ECD were responsible for disulfide formation and calcium interaction respectively, while the glutamate (E) was found exposed to solvent and free to make interaction. Thus, we propose that (E) may also be responsible for integrin binding. Furthermore, in the current project, we intend to further ascertain the role of glutamate in integrin binding via the ability of this protein to inhibit adhesion of HUVECs (cell lines that can also express α2β1 integrin) to collagen1-coated wells. Previously in our group two clones were built to express the bothropasin DC domains (BDC) containing ECD motif (BDC-ECD protein) and the mutant ACD (BDC-ACD protein). The clones were transformed in E. coli (BL21(DE3) and DH5α) and the expression was induced by IPTG. The soluble fractions of the proteins were purified with affinity chromatography, analyzed with 15 % SDS-PAGE and western blotting; and we investigated the effect of glutamate mutation on the ability of these proteins (in fusion with GST) to inhibit cell adhesion. The result showed that the proteins did not inhibit adhesion of HUVECs to collagen 1. Although the result indicate that pretreatment of HUVEC cells with GST GST only did not affect protein activities, there is a possibility that GST in fusion with this protein could interfere with protein native folding and culminate in protein inactivities. The current data thus suggest the use of proteins free from GST for further studies.
O retrato da mulher preta em estudos da Ciência da Informação no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Pereira, Gabriele Rodrigues
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Zafalon, Zaira Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7192802227339821
This research surveys studies on black women in Brazilian science, more specifically in Information Science. Recognizing academic production about black women in Information Science means removing them from the spaces of servitude attributed to the colonial period, in the process of enslavement, and giving black women a prominence as producers of their own knowledge. During the research, it is questioned how black women have been studied in Information Science in Brazil. The research in the context of Information Science is justified because it involves aspects of the organization and representation of information, which corroborates the definition of an overview of how the theme has been discussed in the area, as well as to support discussions on the protagonism of black woman in Information Science and give visibility to her struggles against the erasure of African knowledge. Therefore, it was defined as a general objective to discuss studies on black women in Information Science in Brazil. The research, of an applied nature, adopts a qualitative approach using literature mapping as part of bibliographic procedures and uses content analysis in data analysis. The results indicate that subjects such as Black Feminism, Black Woman Protagonism, Female Empowerment, Black Identity, Black Woman Representation, Ethnic-racial Information, Afro-Brazilian Culture, Quilombola Community and African-Made Religion emphasize black women.
A política militar sob Geisel na cobertura do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, 1974-1979
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Carvalho, Flávia Sanches de
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Martins Filho, João Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8157447462904324
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4796211572842235
This thesis deals with the peculiarities of the military way of doing politics, based on its own codes that take into account hierarchy, leadership relations, and loyalty to arms, through the analysis of the journalistic coverage of the military environment by the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo, between the years 1976 and 1979, during the administration of general Ernesto Geisel (1974-1979). Thus, the objective of this work is to trace and systematize, based on specialized journalistic coverage, the relations and networks of power in the Armed Forces and their articulations in the government of Ernesto Geisel, especially with regard to the processes of opening and presidential succession that elected the last military government. For this purpose, the work approaches two themes related to the military regime: the relations of the press with the government, and the military politics itself, marked by internal conflicts in the Armed Forces. Methodologically, we analyzed the published articles related to the theme in the period in question and the internal reports prepared by the journalist Ana Lagôa to support the published articles. Using this material as primary and secondary sources, it was verified that, contrary to the idea of military unity of the regime constructed by the military for the period, the government of President Geisel was marked by intense internal disputes, political struggles and power articulations within the Armed Forces that tensioned and interfered in both the presidential succession and the opening process.
Modulação de Irisina, composição corporal, e parâmetros metabólicos em ratos Wistar obesos exógenos frente ao protocolo de treinamento aeróbico e/ou intervenção dietética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Furino, Vanessa de Oliveira
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Carvalho, Carla Roberta de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0274983743933060
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
Obesity is a disease characterized by the expansion of adipose tissue, which promotes the secretion of factors that lead to comorbidities, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this sense, dietary intervention and physical exercise have been proposed as strategies to alleviate these complications. Thus, this work aimed to determine the modulation of irisin/FNDC5, biochemical markers and visceral depots in response to dietary intervention and training. For this purpose, Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce obesity. From the 8th week, the animals were divided into 4 groups: HFD-Ex: trained high-fat diet group; HFD-Sed: sedentary high-fat diet group; CD-Ex: trained chow-diet group; CD-Sed: sedentary chow-diet group. The trained groups were submitted to aerobic exercise on a treadmill for 4-8 weeks, 3x/week, for 60 minutes. At the end of the protocol, serum, liver, pancreas, adipose tissues were collected: MES (mesenteric), EPI (epididymal), RET (retroperitoneal) and brown (TAM) and the gastrocnemius, soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL). The area and diameter of visceral depots and hepatic steatosis were determined by analysis of histological slides. Body mass (BM), percentage of body fat (%BF), body area (BA), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), bone mineral density (BMD) were determined by DXA. Serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, leptin and irisin were determined by ELISA. The HDL, triglycerides (TG), blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were determined. The expression of FNDC5 protein in the gastrocnemius muscle was evaluated by Western blotting. Our results showed that the high-fat diet promoted the obese phenotype in 8 weeks by increasing the BM, %BF, FM, EPI, RET and MES, blood glucose and irisin. After 4 weeks, dietary intervention was the most important factor in reducing BM, %BF and FM, leptin and glycemia, with no effects on irisin and IL-10, but it increased FNDC5. Furthermore, the effects were maintained after 8 weeks. Physical training also attenuated the disorders arising from obesity, but the changes were more evident after 8 weeks, through the reduction of EPI, RET and MES and IL-1β. However, the expression of FNDC5 and irisin were reduced. The combination of interventions showed similar responses to dietary intervention, after 4 and 8 weeks. Furthermore, visceral depots responded differently, and EPI mass was modulated by all interventions only after 8 weeks. The adipocyte area of EPI, MES and RET were significantly reduced due to the combination of interventions. In general, dietary intervention promotes greater effects than physical training on general parameters associated with visceral adiposity and body composition, while physical exercise acts to prevent the decline in muscle mass. Finally, the combination of aerobic training and dietary intervention results in a tendency to potentiate the effects of interventions, especially in decreasing visceral adiposity. Furthermore, we emphasize that irisin can be used as a biochemical marker of obesity and FNDC5 as a potential indicator of sarcopenic obesity.
Concepções de criação musical na prática docente no contexto da colonialidade e na perspectiva da humanização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-18)
Galon, Mariana da Silva
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Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2623764757592483
The present thesis aims for pointing out the conception that music teachers specializing in Music Education at Claretiano University hold regarding the role of music creation in early music initiation studies and how these conceptions interfere in their offering of music creation activities. It then considers possibilities of transformation of these views through awareness and reflections upon the subject as well as practical experience in musical creation. We depart for the hypothesis that the colonial legacy has marginalized the knowledge, practice, and other forms of teaching music, thus rendering a sole view as legitimate. The conservatorial, or traditional model, which is a product of colonial influence on knowledge, is present on various levels in education in brasil. This model of education, disregards musical creation actives in initiation studies as one that presents valid results, and holds that not only a minority of people are capable of music creation but that the creational process is only possible after acquiring sufficient theoretical knowledge and technical skills. A big part of music educators adopts these views which effectively hinders the possibility of offering musical creation activities in their teaching process. Based on theoretical studies of authors like Oscar Odena and Pamela Burnard, we believe that it is possible for novice students to effectively engage in music creation actives. Furthermore, we bring forth a new concept of music creation departing from authors like Enrique Dussel, Paulo Freire, Boaventura de Souza Santos, and Anibal Quijano, which leads us to believe in the possibility of the dissolution of traditional model through an awareness process leading to a real change of perspective on music creation and thus, providing space for legitimizing new theories already established abroad. A qualitative study was conducted aiming to analyze and intervene in a reality in order to promote changes based on scientific concepts. Data collection was carried during the year 2018 through a structured questionnaire, narrative construction, photovoice, practice of music creation, discussion forums, and field notes. Data triangulation made visible the following categories: 1) Research collaborator´s Conceptions of musical creation; 2) Music education and teacher training: influences on musical creativity; 3) Difficulties and facilities in offering activates of music creation; 4) Creative process; 5) Change of views regarding music creation. From the results obtained out of this research, we defend the thesis that the coloniality of knowledge leads to the absence of music creation in initiation studies. However, promoting awareness regarding the importance of the subject in music education can lead to a change of perspective and thus impacting creative practices in class.
O planejamento educacional para alunos público alvo da educação especial do ensino médio integrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-18)
Franco, Ana Beatriz Momesso
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Vilaronga, Carla Ariela Rios
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536774151778096
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6507414544537852
The National Policy on Special Education in the Perspective of Inclusive Education, in 2008, aimed at the school inclusion of Special Education Target Public (PAEE) students in regular education systems, however, the peak of notoriety about inclusion was given with the publication of the Brazilian Inclusion Law (LBI) in 2015, which reinforces LDB 9394/96 in relation to access and permanence of students with disabilities at all levels of education, with this there was an increase in the number of students with disabilities in all stages of basic education, losing strength when reaching high school. With Law nº 12.711 / 2012, known as the Quotas Law and Law nº 13.409 / 2016, which guarantees the reservation of places for people with disabilities in the technical courses of secondary and higher education at federal educational institutions, this percentage regarding the number of enrollments of PAEE students increased considerably, including access to these students in high school, which made it necessary to think of actions that would contribute to the creation of favorable conditions in the teaching and learning process, as well as their permanence in institutions. In this sense, the present study has the general objective of describing and analyzing the teaching planning for Integrated High School PAEE students in a campus of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the State of São Paulo (IFSP) and brings as specific objectives: a) identify the bases and partnerships that occur in the planning for these students, b) analyze the existence of individualized planning and which subjects participated in this process and c) evaluate the advances and challenges experienced by the teachers in the common room at the time of planning the education. The research has as a method the qualitative research with a focus on case study, for that it used concepts from the literature about special education in the perspective of inclusive education, professional and technological education and discussions regarding the planning for student PAEE. The data were collected from semi-structured interviews with nine participants, being the NAPNE coordinator and teachers who teach classes to PAEE students; these interviews were interpreted and related to theories that deal with special education from an inclusive perspective and planning, as well as information from the participants in this research. This study was submitted to and approved by the ethics committee of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) according to opinion nº 3.539.016. This research had its results discussed according to three categories of analysis: The context of the campus and the Support Center for People with Specific Educational Needs (NAPNE); teaching planning strategies and the role of foundations and partnerships in planning, PAEE students who need accessibility. As a result, it was observed that there are signs of planning for PAEE students on the researched campus in Integrated High School, but the same occurs discontinuously and without much support, even so, there were positive aspects of this planning as the various discussions between teachers and the NAPNE and the efforts to carry out a planning that serves everyone and not just PAEE students. In general, this research showed the importance of the partnership between the special educator and the regular classroom teacher, in order to be a guiding proposal for new critical reflections in favor of the education of everyone involved in the general context of education.