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Evaluation of the biological activity of the disintegrin-like and cysteine-rich domains of Bothropasin, a metalloproteinase from Bothrops jararaca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Olaoba, Olamide Tosin
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9341270254432200
Bothropasin is a 48kDa hemorrhagic class III Snake Venom Metalloproteinase (SVMP). As a multi-domain protein, it contains catalytic metalloproteinase (M), disintegrin-like (D), and cysteine rich domains (C). Integrins belong to the superfamily of transmembrane cell adhesion receptor that interact and bind to soluble ligands, cell-surface ligands, and extracellular matrix ligands such as collagen. The integrin-binding motif of bothropasin unlike the P-II members (that contain RGD-motif) is an ECD tripeptide. It was previously reported that cysteine (C) and aspartate (D) of the ECD were responsible for disulfide formation and calcium interaction respectively, while the glutamate (E) was found exposed to solvent and free to make interaction. Thus, we propose that (E) may also be responsible for integrin binding. Furthermore, in the current project, we intend to further ascertain the role of glutamate in integrin binding via the ability of this protein to inhibit adhesion of HUVECs (cell lines that can also express α2β1 integrin) to collagen1-coated wells. Previously in our group two clones were built to express the bothropasin DC domains (BDC) containing ECD motif (BDC-ECD protein) and the mutant ACD (BDC-ACD protein). The clones were transformed in E. coli (BL21(DE3) and DH5α) and the expression was induced by IPTG. The soluble fractions of the proteins were purified with affinity chromatography, analyzed with 15 % SDS-PAGE and western blotting; and we investigated the effect of glutamate mutation on the ability of these proteins (in fusion with GST) to inhibit cell adhesion. The result showed that the proteins did not inhibit adhesion of HUVECs to collagen 1. Although the result indicate that pretreatment of HUVEC cells with GST GST only did not affect protein activities, there is a possibility that GST in fusion with this protein could interfere with protein native folding and culminate in protein inactivities. The current data thus suggest the use of proteins free from GST for further studies.
O retrato da mulher preta em estudos da Ciência da Informação no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Pereira, Gabriele Rodrigues
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Zafalon, Zaira Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7192802227339821
This research surveys studies on black women in Brazilian science, more specifically in Information Science. Recognizing academic production about black women in Information Science means removing them from the spaces of servitude attributed to the colonial period, in the process of enslavement, and giving black women a prominence as producers of their own knowledge. During the research, it is questioned how black women have been studied in Information Science in Brazil. The research in the context of Information Science is justified because it involves aspects of the organization and representation of information, which corroborates the definition of an overview of how the theme has been discussed in the area, as well as to support discussions on the protagonism of black woman in Information Science and give visibility to her struggles against the erasure of African knowledge. Therefore, it was defined as a general objective to discuss studies on black women in Information Science in Brazil. The research, of an applied nature, adopts a qualitative approach using literature mapping as part of bibliographic procedures and uses content analysis in data analysis. The results indicate that subjects such as Black Feminism, Black Woman Protagonism, Female Empowerment, Black Identity, Black Woman Representation, Ethnic-racial Information, Afro-Brazilian Culture, Quilombola Community and African-Made Religion emphasize black women.
A política militar sob Geisel na cobertura do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, 1974-1979
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Carvalho, Flávia Sanches de
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Martins Filho, João Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8157447462904324
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4796211572842235
This thesis deals with the peculiarities of the military way of doing politics, based on its own codes that take into account hierarchy, leadership relations, and loyalty to arms, through the analysis of the journalistic coverage of the military environment by the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo, between the years 1976 and 1979, during the administration of general Ernesto Geisel (1974-1979). Thus, the objective of this work is to trace and systematize, based on specialized journalistic coverage, the relations and networks of power in the Armed Forces and their articulations in the government of Ernesto Geisel, especially with regard to the processes of opening and presidential succession that elected the last military government. For this purpose, the work approaches two themes related to the military regime: the relations of the press with the government, and the military politics itself, marked by internal conflicts in the Armed Forces. Methodologically, we analyzed the published articles related to the theme in the period in question and the internal reports prepared by the journalist Ana Lagôa to support the published articles. Using this material as primary and secondary sources, it was verified that, contrary to the idea of military unity of the regime constructed by the military for the period, the government of President Geisel was marked by intense internal disputes, political struggles and power articulations within the Armed Forces that tensioned and interfered in both the presidential succession and the opening process.
Modulação de Irisina, composição corporal, e parâmetros metabólicos em ratos Wistar obesos exógenos frente ao protocolo de treinamento aeróbico e/ou intervenção dietética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-17)
Furino, Vanessa de Oliveira
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Carvalho, Carla Roberta de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0274983743933060
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
Obesity is a disease characterized by the expansion of adipose tissue, which promotes the secretion of factors that lead to comorbidities, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this sense, dietary intervention and physical exercise have been proposed as strategies to alleviate these complications. Thus, this work aimed to determine the modulation of irisin/FNDC5, biochemical markers and visceral depots in response to dietary intervention and training. For this purpose, Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce obesity. From the 8th week, the animals were divided into 4 groups: HFD-Ex: trained high-fat diet group; HFD-Sed: sedentary high-fat diet group; CD-Ex: trained chow-diet group; CD-Sed: sedentary chow-diet group. The trained groups were submitted to aerobic exercise on a treadmill for 4-8 weeks, 3x/week, for 60 minutes. At the end of the protocol, serum, liver, pancreas, adipose tissues were collected: MES (mesenteric), EPI (epididymal), RET (retroperitoneal) and brown (TAM) and the gastrocnemius, soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL). The area and diameter of visceral depots and hepatic steatosis were determined by analysis of histological slides. Body mass (BM), percentage of body fat (%BF), body area (BA), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), bone mineral density (BMD) were determined by DXA. Serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, leptin and irisin were determined by ELISA. The HDL, triglycerides (TG), blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were determined. The expression of FNDC5 protein in the gastrocnemius muscle was evaluated by Western blotting. Our results showed that the high-fat diet promoted the obese phenotype in 8 weeks by increasing the BM, %BF, FM, EPI, RET and MES, blood glucose and irisin. After 4 weeks, dietary intervention was the most important factor in reducing BM, %BF and FM, leptin and glycemia, with no effects on irisin and IL-10, but it increased FNDC5. Furthermore, the effects were maintained after 8 weeks. Physical training also attenuated the disorders arising from obesity, but the changes were more evident after 8 weeks, through the reduction of EPI, RET and MES and IL-1β. However, the expression of FNDC5 and irisin were reduced. The combination of interventions showed similar responses to dietary intervention, after 4 and 8 weeks. Furthermore, visceral depots responded differently, and EPI mass was modulated by all interventions only after 8 weeks. The adipocyte area of EPI, MES and RET were significantly reduced due to the combination of interventions. In general, dietary intervention promotes greater effects than physical training on general parameters associated with visceral adiposity and body composition, while physical exercise acts to prevent the decline in muscle mass. Finally, the combination of aerobic training and dietary intervention results in a tendency to potentiate the effects of interventions, especially in decreasing visceral adiposity. Furthermore, we emphasize that irisin can be used as a biochemical marker of obesity and FNDC5 as a potential indicator of sarcopenic obesity.
Concepções de criação musical na prática docente no contexto da colonialidade e na perspectiva da humanização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-18)
Galon, Mariana da Silva
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Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2623764757592483
The present thesis aims for pointing out the conception that music teachers specializing in Music Education at Claretiano University hold regarding the role of music creation in early music initiation studies and how these conceptions interfere in their offering of music creation activities. It then considers possibilities of transformation of these views through awareness and reflections upon the subject as well as practical experience in musical creation. We depart for the hypothesis that the colonial legacy has marginalized the knowledge, practice, and other forms of teaching music, thus rendering a sole view as legitimate. The conservatorial, or traditional model, which is a product of colonial influence on knowledge, is present on various levels in education in brasil. This model of education, disregards musical creation actives in initiation studies as one that presents valid results, and holds that not only a minority of people are capable of music creation but that the creational process is only possible after acquiring sufficient theoretical knowledge and technical skills. A big part of music educators adopts these views which effectively hinders the possibility of offering musical creation activities in their teaching process. Based on theoretical studies of authors like Oscar Odena and Pamela Burnard, we believe that it is possible for novice students to effectively engage in music creation actives. Furthermore, we bring forth a new concept of music creation departing from authors like Enrique Dussel, Paulo Freire, Boaventura de Souza Santos, and Anibal Quijano, which leads us to believe in the possibility of the dissolution of traditional model through an awareness process leading to a real change of perspective on music creation and thus, providing space for legitimizing new theories already established abroad. A qualitative study was conducted aiming to analyze and intervene in a reality in order to promote changes based on scientific concepts. Data collection was carried during the year 2018 through a structured questionnaire, narrative construction, photovoice, practice of music creation, discussion forums, and field notes. Data triangulation made visible the following categories: 1) Research collaborator´s Conceptions of musical creation; 2) Music education and teacher training: influences on musical creativity; 3) Difficulties and facilities in offering activates of music creation; 4) Creative process; 5) Change of views regarding music creation. From the results obtained out of this research, we defend the thesis that the coloniality of knowledge leads to the absence of music creation in initiation studies. However, promoting awareness regarding the importance of the subject in music education can lead to a change of perspective and thus impacting creative practices in class.
O planejamento educacional para alunos público alvo da educação especial do ensino médio integrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-18)
Franco, Ana Beatriz Momesso
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Vilaronga, Carla Ariela Rios
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536774151778096
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6507414544537852
The National Policy on Special Education in the Perspective of Inclusive Education, in 2008, aimed at the school inclusion of Special Education Target Public (PAEE) students in regular education systems, however, the peak of notoriety about inclusion was given with the publication of the Brazilian Inclusion Law (LBI) in 2015, which reinforces LDB 9394/96 in relation to access and permanence of students with disabilities at all levels of education, with this there was an increase in the number of students with disabilities in all stages of basic education, losing strength when reaching high school. With Law nº 12.711 / 2012, known as the Quotas Law and Law nº 13.409 / 2016, which guarantees the reservation of places for people with disabilities in the technical courses of secondary and higher education at federal educational institutions, this percentage regarding the number of enrollments of PAEE students increased considerably, including access to these students in high school, which made it necessary to think of actions that would contribute to the creation of favorable conditions in the teaching and learning process, as well as their permanence in institutions. In this sense, the present study has the general objective of describing and analyzing the teaching planning for Integrated High School PAEE students in a campus of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the State of São Paulo (IFSP) and brings as specific objectives: a) identify the bases and partnerships that occur in the planning for these students, b) analyze the existence of individualized planning and which subjects participated in this process and c) evaluate the advances and challenges experienced by the teachers in the common room at the time of planning the education. The research has as a method the qualitative research with a focus on case study, for that it used concepts from the literature about special education in the perspective of inclusive education, professional and technological education and discussions regarding the planning for student PAEE. The data were collected from semi-structured interviews with nine participants, being the NAPNE coordinator and teachers who teach classes to PAEE students; these interviews were interpreted and related to theories that deal with special education from an inclusive perspective and planning, as well as information from the participants in this research. This study was submitted to and approved by the ethics committee of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) according to opinion nº 3.539.016. This research had its results discussed according to three categories of analysis: The context of the campus and the Support Center for People with Specific Educational Needs (NAPNE); teaching planning strategies and the role of foundations and partnerships in planning, PAEE students who need accessibility. As a result, it was observed that there are signs of planning for PAEE students on the researched campus in Integrated High School, but the same occurs discontinuously and without much support, even so, there were positive aspects of this planning as the various discussions between teachers and the NAPNE and the efforts to carry out a planning that serves everyone and not just PAEE students. In general, this research showed the importance of the partnership between the special educator and the regular classroom teacher, in order to be a guiding proposal for new critical reflections in favor of the education of everyone involved in the general context of education.
Políticas públicas de informação: o lugar do arquivo público municipal em um polo de inovação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-18)
Nogueira, Fernanda Parolo de Mattos
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Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259942368161595
The city is considered a movement of urbanization and globalization, being the first social instance of the individual and notwithstanding the innovation process. Therefore, when contemplating the local level, it is possible to observe the global, identifying the elements and actors that make up society, which is currently configured as the Technical-Scientific Informational Milieu from the perspective of Milton Santos. Assuming that the Municipal Public Archive is a strategic agent in this composition and for the development of smart cities, Public Policies of Information come to act in strengthening the role of this institution. In this sense, the objective of the present research was to analyze to what extent the “non-construction” of these public policies in Brazil impacts the Archive and, to identify the actors involved in this process. As specific objectives, it was intended to verify the occurrence of these politiques in the historical public archive of the São Carlos city, considered a pole of innovation and with the potential to become a smart city. The research is done in the scope of Information Science, in an interdisciplinary movement to articulate concepts from Archivology, Social Sciences, Public Management, Politics, Computing, among others. Methodologically, it is configured as exploratory and descriptive, based on bibliographic and documentary research, partially using Content Analysis and Hermeneutic-Dialectic Analysis for data analysis. A partial Case Study was carried out at the Municipal Public Archives present at the Fundação Pró-Memória de São Carlos, using documents and records as a source of evidence for data collection. As a theoretical-argumentative basis, the Actor-Network Theory was used considering that it establishes that the different human and non-human actors connect in a network, influencing each other's behavior and configuration. Thus, public information policies are surrounded by the presence of these actors and susceptible to their actions, which defines their creation, implementation and consolidation. The results reveal that at the municipal level the “non construction” of public information policies that is expressed in the absence and non institutionalization of municipal public archives is even more apparent. It was also identified that the institutions of information and culture are not properly incorporated into the discussion about innovation and smart cities, both in academic and professional spheres. As a conclusion, it is pointed out the need to enhance the network of actors who are involved in the construction of public information policies, such as public power, private initiative, organizations, institutions, citizens, other public policies, highlighting the Archive at this juncture, as information agent, public management, citizenship, memory and innovation.
Análises e Reflexões sobre a Parada do Orgulho LGBT de São Paulo e a violência contra a comunidade LGBT no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-19)
Vieira, Thalita de Moraes
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Gabrielli, Cassiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2774926242303827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7898452436457549
The present study brings a theoretical discussion about the observed contradiction that Brazil is the host of one of the biggest LGBT events in the world and, at the same time, it is a country with a high level of violence and one of the most dangerous countries for members of the LGBT community. This research is relevant because it addresses the great economic potential of the LGBT tourism segment, in addition to pointing out the social bias of the current situation of the community in Brazil. The adopted methodology was the qualitative descriptive, and a theoretical research was carried out on the LGBT community and the segment of the LGBT tourism, besides the history on the LGBT Pride Parades and specifically on the LGBT Pride Parade of São Paulo. Data on violence against the LGBT population were also analyzed. Through this research, a reflection was proposed about the importance of encouraging LGBT tourism in Brazil and the creation of public policies and initiatives to improve the security of LGBT people in the country.
User eXperience em startups de software: um paralelo da literatura com a prática diária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-19)
Saad, Jullia Gabriella de Oliveira
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Alvaro, Alexandre
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9929982894313130
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Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443
Startups are companies designed for a new product or service and that aim to grow quickly in an uncertain environment, highly reactive, and often facing a lack of resources. Software startups face difficulties in incorporating software development processes into their daily activities. Among these difficulties is the adoption of User eXperience (UX) practices. Startups have a constant search for a scalable and sustainable business model and the UX practice helps this business model to be aligned with the needs of real users. Therefore, UX practices can bring benefits to startups even before product development begins. The aim of this project was to bring an updated perspective on what exists in the scientific literature and in practice related to UX in startups, elucidating what are the startups' needs in relation to UX work from a practical point of view. To achieve this objective, the research method was divided into 2 stages: (i) a survey of the literature was carried out, and, through a Thematic Analysis, it was possible to consolidate a set of themes that express previously dispersed knowledge in the literature. It also contributed with a set of open questions gathered from the literature and new questions that emerged from the analysis. These questions helped to outline the studies carried out in the next step. (ii) Field studies were carried out in two startups, from the analysis it was possible to identify needs related to UX that the startups have. It was observed that not always the way to practice UX in startups is to hire a UX professional, small daily actions such as collecting and documenting user feedback can improve the user experience. It was also observed that startups have a lot of data about their users and the use of their product. However, this knowledge is dispersed in various sectors of the company making startups have difficulty in knowing how to use this data. From the results obtained in these two stages, a parallel between literature and practice was outlined. The parallel brings a new starting point for future studies related to UX in startups.
Monitoramento de corrosão por potencial de circuito aberto em armaduras embutidas em corpos de prova de argamassa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-19)
Hemkemeier, Thiago Alex
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Sales, Almir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7377787166073311
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6494178778912539
Corrosion is one of the main problems affecting the service life of reinforced concrete structures. To reduce this problem, it is critical to perform periodic maintenance on buildings. There are several corrosion monitoring techniques, and one of the most used is the open circuit potential technique (OCP). However, this technique has experimental parameters that can influence its results. For instance, the use of wetting and drying cycles, the use of different types of the reference electrode, and total and partial immersion in sodium chloride solution (NaCl). Thereby, this study aimed to evaluate some parameters of this technique and analyze their influence on the results, to generate information to the technical and scientific environment about the behavior of steel bars in different situations during the OCP test. The main purpose of the research was to evaluate the OCP technique, but different mixes design were used, with the incorporation of wastes to replace partially the aggregate, to evaluate the performance of these mixes design in exposure to chlorides and check if the OCP technique applies to mortars with the incorporation of wastes. The mixes design used were the normal (NOR), with the incorporation of water treatment plant sludge (WTPS), and with the incorporation of sugarcane bagasse ash sand (SBAS). With this study, it was possible to conclude that the best combination to obtain OCP results more quickly is with wetting and drying cycles and partial immersion of the specimens in the NaCl solution. It was also concluded that the OCP technique is applicable in cementitious matrices with the incorporation of wastes. Mortars with the incorporation of WTPS and SBAS provided an environment with higher protection for steel bars because they showed a later corrosion probability when compared to normal mortar specimens.
Um estudo sobre ISTs e as relações afetivo-sexuais em universitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-19)
Moura, Ana Beatriz de
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Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198381224667040
According to the World Health Organization (2018), more than 1 million Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are acquired every day in the world. Each year, 376 million new curable infections are estimated: trichomoniasis (156 million), chlamydia (127 million), gonorrhea (87 million) and syphilis (6 million). Approximately 291 million women are infected with the HPV virus. Considering these risks, the present study investigated the experience of STI contamination and their impact on the affective-sexual relationships of university students. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview was done to verify how health care was provided, how the person deals with confidentiality or not, regarding the condition and to verify the weakening and/or strengthening aspects of affective-sexual relationships in the context of STI, if any. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using the content thematic analysis technique. 06 university students (01 woman, 05 men) participated, with an average age of 23.5 years, presenting the following STIs: candidiasis, gonorrhea, genital herpes, HPV, syphilis and trichomoniasis. The interviews’ analysis produced 4 categories: 1. Protection logics; 2. Health care focused on STI; 3. Reception and support network; 4. Stigma and Taboo. The results showed a weak protection logic, marked by the idea of non-vulnerability, obtaining a variation in the search for health care and the weakness in the technical approach by the professionals responsible for care. In addition, autonomy and freedom to exercise sexual interactions can be observed, but also the preservation of stigmas and taboos when there is a need to deal with the possible consequences of sexuality, such as STIs.
Efeito do extrato de folhas de mamona (Ricinus communis) sobre a cigarrinha do milho Dalbulus maidis (Delong & Wolcott)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-20)
Besson, Gabriel Antonio
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Araújo, Tamiris Alves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4224270419293652
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1944569286285607
Corn (Zea mays L.) has a high productivity potential, however this crop is attacked by a complex of pests which can compromise this productivity. In this context, corn leafhopper (Dalbulus maidis DeLong & Wolcott) is a pest that causes both direct and indirect damage for this crop. For the management of this pest, the application of synthetic insecticides is the main method, however, in order to obtain other alternative control methods that cause less environmental impact, the use of plants with insecticidal activities, such as castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), has been encouraged. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of castor leaves extracts (ricinin) for controllling D. maidis on corn crops. For this, an experiment in field condition was carried out in randomized block design with 3 replications, to be tested 4 treatments: two treatments of castor extract with concentrations of 10 ppm of ricinine and 100 ppm of ricinine, a positive control based on commercial insecticide Imidacloprid and a negative control based on water. After the corn cultivation reached the VT stage, for a period of 23 days, 14 evaluations were performed by directly counting the number of D. maidis in 5 plants in the central line of each experimental plot. Over this period, there were three treatments applications, on the dates of the 3rd, 5th and 12th evaluations. Significant differences were detected in the mean density of D. maidis per plant among treatments. The castor extracts treatments and the insecticide Imidacloprid obtained similar mean density per plant. It was also observed that not only for the same date (pre and post treatments application) but also over the time, that the treatments with castor extracts and the commercial insecticide reduced the population of D. maidis. According to the results found in the present study, the extract of R. communis has an effect on the corn leafhopper (D. maidis), and therefore, could be considered for the control of this pest.
Determinação de Si e Y em amostras agronômicas por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma induzido por micro-ondas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-20)
Dias, Ellen Aguilar
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0262656205547369
Different demands for analytical responses are presented in agricultural research. In this approach, this dissertation, divided into two chapters, seeks to offer analytical alternatives for plant breeding and fish nutrition projects. In the first chapter, a procedure was developed to determine silicon in plant samples, specifically sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), used in animal feed and bioenergy production. The presence of high levels of Si in the plant can cause damage to boilers used for the generation of bioenergy. As an alternative to the use of HF, usually employed in the digestion of samples for the determination of Si, the use of HBF4 acid and its possible products of reaction were evaluated. Microwave-assisted digestion was used for sample preparation and determination by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES). Different volumes of HBF4 acid (0.2 mL, 0.5 mL, 1.0 mL and 2.0 mL) were studied, indicating the most appropriate 0.2 mL volume, with 99% recovery in samples previously analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and 0.03 g kg-1 limit of detection. The digestion with HBF4 showed that about 70% of Si solubilized was found as fluorosilicic acid. Also, the equilibrium conditions of the reactions involved indicated the formation of HF, confirming the need to employ strategies to avoid damage to the components of the equipment. The mass fractions of Si found in the analyzed sorghum samples ranged from 0.67 to 4.57 g kg-1. The second chapter presents the development and validation of a sample preparation procedure for the quantification of Y by MIP OES. It was used as a marker to evaluate digestibility in ingredients, diets, and fish faeces. The developed procedure presented adequate linearity. It was assessed by values of r and r2, evaluated residues, and homoscedasticity. Selectivity was evaluated in the study related to matrix effects, obtaining satifastor results. Precision, which included repeatability and intermediate precision, presented cv < 0.5%. The limits of detection and quantification obtained were 0.60 mg kg-1 and 1.99 mg kg-1, respectively.
Apresentação da música não contingente anterior à iniciação de estereotipias vocais em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-20)
Molina, Perolayne Bueno
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6593802909497212
Vocal stereotypies have been described in behavioral literature as repetitive responses to any words or sounds, usually maintained by automatic reinforcement, often presented by individuals within the Autism Spectrum Disorder. In several situations, vocal stereotypy can be considered a problem-behavior, as it can harm the learning environment of both those who perform it and those around them. Access to non-contingent music (NCM) has been used to reduce such responses in view of the effective results of this procedure in reducing these stereotyped vocalizations. In contrast to the possibility of accidentally reinforcing unwanted responses through the use of NCM, the implementation of momentary differential reinforcement of zero responses (MDRO) can be useful, avoiding this problem. This research aimed to verify the effects of a procedure that provides access to non-contingent music (NCM) added to a zero-response differential reinforcement (MDRO) procedure in the reduction of vocal stereotypies in two children with ASD, in their home environments . Data analysis was performed in order to compare the frequency of vocal stereotypies under the conditions: (i) LB and (ii) NCM+MDRO. For this, the ABAB Reversal Design was used. The results showed that during the intervention sessions the levels of vocal stereotypies decreased while the engagement in toy manipulation responses increased for both participants. For one of the participants, there was, on average, a decrease in the percentage of time engaged in vocal stereotypies from 74% in LB to an average of 8.6% during the NCM+MDRO sessions; that is, a 65.4% decrease with the introduction of VI. For the other participant, the average total percentages of time engaged in stereotyping in LB sessions was 67% and dropped by almost half to 35.2%. The study discusses the maintenance functions of these decontextualized vocal responses and whether music, as an auditory reinforcing stimulus, when provided in a time scheme, could have altered the Motivational Operations to the engagement of participants in these stereotyped vocal responses.
Flutuação populacional de artrópodes em cultivos de soja BT e Não-BT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-20)
Carneiro, Felipe de Sousa
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Araújo, Tamiris Alves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4224270419293652
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9056456236652711
Transgenic cultivars use containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) technology has increased significantly in recent years in Brazil, especially in soybean. Even if the technology has provided highly beneficial to production systems, the topic is the scene of great discussions and uncertainties related to the effects that Bt toxin cause to natural enemies and other non-target arthropods present in the crops. In the present study, a population survey of arthropods presents in Bt with glyphosate resistance technology and non-Bt without glyphosate resistance technology soybean cultivars was carried out using the beating cloth sampling method, aiming to evaluate the population fluctuation of natural enemies and pests. It was observed from data collection no significant difference between the three species of natural enemies observed in the samplings, however it was evidenced that not only target pests of the Bt technology were affected, but also some species of secondary pests showed significant difference between the treatments, for example the bettle Maecolaspis calcarisera. Therefore, Bt technology proved to be efficient to be used as an alternative strategy in Integrated Pest Management, being selective to natural enemies and mostly affecting only arthropods targeted by this technology.
Fenologia de frutificação de espécies arbóreas ornitocóricas em nível de população e de comunidade na floresta atlântica do sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-20)
Oliveira, Aline Christina de
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Ribeiro, Kelly Fernandes de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426387883704170
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Martins, Valéria Forni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0686674300788674
The maintenance of the community of frugivore birds in a given region strongly depends on the availability of ornitochorous diaspores. In tropical forests with weak climate seasonality, the richness of species fruiting is generally unseasonal due to the weak selective pressure imposed by climate. However, different ornitochorous species may fruit unseasonably along a year or in a seasonal and asynchronic fashion. Therefore, it is important to evaluate phenological fruiting patterns both on the community and the population levels for a better understanding of diaspore availability to frugivore birds. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that the availability of ornitochorous diaspores is constant in a Lowland Forest in southeast Brazil on the community level but not on the population level. For this, we used data on seed rain monthly collected along two years in two non-contiguous 1-ha plots and circular statistics. The seed rain of ornitochorous tree species was mainly composed of autochthonous species in the two sampling years. Species richness was constant along the same year and between years, while diaspore abundance varied along the same year and between years. Species composition varied along the same year and was similar between years. The eight most abundant ornitochorous tree species in the seed rain showed long fruiting periods, and seasonal and usually asynchronous fruiting. Last, most of the abundant species did not fruit during the same months in the two sampling years. Our results show that the unseasonal pattern of species richness is composed of non-overlapping seasonal patterns of the different species of the community. Hence, there is availability of diaspores from a constant number of species along the year, but the composition of species fruiting and diaspore abundance change over time. This study shows the importance of individually evaluating phenological patterns of species of a community, as specific patterns might not coincide with the overall community pattern.
A precarização do trabalho docente no ensino superior: análise sobre as implicações do trabalho do professor designado na Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-20)
Francklin, Adelino
;
Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3243103572002701
The State University of Minas Gerais (UEMG) has had a high number of temporary professors. This research asks: what are the implications of temporary hiring for teaching work at UEMG, Unidade Passos? The objective of the thesis is to analyze the implications of the process of precarious work of temporary teachers at UEMG, Unidade Passos, in the context of the unfolding of neoliberal educational policies, having as reference the concepts of field, habitus and scientific capital, by Pierre Bourdieu. The study is qualitative and uses bibliographic, documentary and field sources. The bibliographic sources were obtained through the website of SciELO journals, Google Scholar, Rede Universitas.Br and the library of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). Two notices of simplified selection processes (PSS) from UEMG, published in the years 2018 and 2019, were analyzed for the Passos unit. And semi-structured interviews were carried out with 10 professors from UEMG, Passos unit, transcribed by the researcher. For the analysis of the results, the data triangulation technique and the content analysis technique were used. The hypotheses have been partially confirmed. It was not possible to confirm whether the professional habitus of professors appointed in the face of struggles in the scientific field has undergone significant changes. As for the other hypotheses, we confirm that: a) the maintenance of the high number of positions of professors appointed at UEMG is due to the option of the state government to save with the payroll of public servants; b) the maintenance of designated professors causes greater losses for the development of research and extension and the exercise of functions that refer to management; c) the uncertainty regarding the classification in the PSS for the following year becomes an obstacle for the elaboration and approval of new projects, negatively affecting their academic production due to the difficulty of obtaining scholarships and project continuity; d) teaching is also impaired due to the disincentive to prepare good classes. Several elements were found that confirm the precariousness of teaching work, modifying their practices and being able to cause changes in professional habitus, such as low remuneration; job instability; teacher turnover; high number of didactic charges and teaching duties; having to teach disciplines without adherence with their training and preparation of projects in the short term. There is a high rate of teachers who occupy positions with a partial work regime. Participation in UEMG's PSS annually or every two years, causes uneasiness and disputes in the field, to be experienced among teachers. The continuing education of appointed teachers is negatively affected by instability in positions, given that they do not have the right to leave the position for studies. The expansion in the number of UEMG units, increasing the number of students and teachers, was not accompanied by a proper budget increase. As a result, the infrastructure became precarious, the funds for research, extension and student aid were reduced, the reduction of full-time positions and the maintenance of temporary employment contracts.
Efeito da adição de Al e C na evolução microestrutural e no comportamento mecânico de aços austeníticos de baixa densidade com alto teor de Mn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-20)
Otani, Lucas Barcelos
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Zepon, Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
Low-density steels are advanced materials that are being developed mainly for the automotive industry to reduce the structural weight of cars. The most common studied compositions comprise FeMnAlC variations, in which both the chemical composition and processing route influence the final microstructure. Most of the studies involving the austenitic low-density steels is related to the evaluation of the mechanical properties focusing on the induced plasticity mechanisms. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of Al and C additions on the microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of high-Mn austenitic low-density steels. Five systems with different C and Al additions were studied: Fe-36%Mn, Fe-36%Mn-2.5%Al, Fe-36%Mn-5%Al, Fe-33%Mn-5%Al-0.3%C e Fe-30%Mn-5%Al-0.6%C (weight%), in which for the alloys varying the C content, the stacking fault energy (SFE) was kept constant. Theoretical models to predict the SFE, the critical resolved shear stress for the TWIP effect, and the yield stress were used. The SFE of one alloy was determined experimentally through the partial dislocations distance. The ingots were produced by spray forming followed by mechanical processing and heat treatment. It was observed that the aluminum is not effective as carbon to increase the yield stress of the alloy. Only the alloys with C additions presented deformation twins, even though they presented the highest SFE values. The alloy without Al and C additions (lowest SFE in this work) did not presented deformation twins when deformed at room temperature, but at -100°C those structures could be observed after the tensile test. It can be pointed out that mechanisms which anchored the dislocations are important to the occurrence of the TWIP effect in high-Mn low-density steels.
Otimização da sensibilidade de detecção de sensores óticos baseados em moléculas fotônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-21)
Junior, Valnir Carlos da Silva
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Barea, Luis Alberto Mijam
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7929868663210908
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4925370507459259
The integrated photonics has been consolidated in the last years in part by the ability to meet the recent demand for the miniaturization of photonic devices. Waveguides and optical microcavities stand out among the main components used in integrated photonics. Waveguides consist of structures capable of guiding electromagnetic waves between their starting and endpoints, based on the difference in the refractive indices of two or more materials to keep light confined by guiding them inside the chip. The optical microcavities are simple photonic structures, mostly in the form of disks or rings, which allow the photons to be strongly confined in a tiny volume. Several integrated photonic devices take advantage of the optical characteristics of these structures, which combined, guarantee the design of integrated photonic chips, fabricated in laboratories of universities, companies, and foundries. One of the largest applications of integrated photonic chips is in optical sensors, called lab-on-a-chip, which allows several lab functions on a single chip in order to achieve high-performance automation and screening. In particular, sensors based on photonic molecules (PMs), which are combinations of optical microcavities coupled with each other, use a detection method linked to the variation of resonances of the microcavities in the presence of a change in the refractive index of the environment around the microcavities. The resolution of these sensors is highly dependent on the dimensions of the transverse session of the waveguide where the light is confined. One of the main challenges of this type of sensor is the optimization of its sensitivity, without there being major changes in the fabrication methods to obtain them once they are well established in the industry. In this sense, the focus of this project was to investigate methods to increase the sensitivity of integrated sensors based on PMs from the optimization of the dimensions of the components that constitute them to the implementation of strangulation in the waveguide that forms the detection rings. This strangulation will ensure an increase in the evanescence of the propagating modes in these cavities, responsible for the detection of the sensors, increasing significantly its sensitivities.
A leitura nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: uma análise do manual do professor do livro didático da coleção Novo Pitanguá
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-21)
Carvalho, Beatriz Mendes de
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Souza, Geraldo Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3516168011612531
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4950930245413416
This course conclusion work aims to analyze reading proposals present in a unit of the textbook teacher manual approved by PNLD 2019 of the Novo Pitanguá - Língua Portuguesa collection (BURANELLO, 2017) of the second year of elementary school. It is a documentary and bibliographic research that takes into consideration, mainly, the different fields of action of the Reading/Listening axis present in the curricular component Portuguese Language of the Common National Curricular Base (BNCC) and the Digital Guide of the National Book and Didactic Material Program (PNLD) of 2019. Sections and subsections of the aforementioned textbook are analyzed to understand the space given to reading and the relationship with the reading competences proposed by BNCC. It seeks to enable a reflection on the importance of knowing the public educational policies and the didactic materials derived from these so the didactic proposals are used in a meaningful way by the researcher professor. The results show that the unit of the book corresponds to what is presented in its review of the PNLD Digital Guide 2019, contemplates the skills and abilities present in the BNCC, is concerned with the multiliteracies, the respect for cultural diversity and considers the reading capacities of second year students without underestimating them.