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Inferência da conectividade neuronal via estimação de medidas da teoria da informação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-08)
Girardi, Victor Augusto
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Pena, Rodrigo Felipe de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6663640683388672
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Ferreira, Ricardo Felipe
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2355076087945221
Information theory studies how communication systems integrate, encode, compute, and transmit information. The neural system is an example where communication takes place with neurons responding to stimuli and conducting electrical impulses by means of action potentials thereby causing a flow of neuronal information throughout the system. In this sense, one of the goals of this work is to study some information theory measures, with special attention to their application in the study of neural connectivity. The second goal is to understand the process of mathematical modeling of neuronal spike-trains prescribed from stochastic chains with memory of variable length as well as proposing estimators for the information metrics based on samples of these chains. Lastly, we study the performance of the estimators via computational simulation.
O processo de construção da identidade profissional docente dos formadores de professores de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-08)
Bertolin, Renan Vilela
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4889158053701010
The training of teachers for the exercise of teaching in Basic Education has been extensively researched and discussed in several contexts. In contrast, the research on teaching training for Higher Education context, especially on the formative trajectory and the performance of professionals, is scarce. In the Higher Education context, research about teacher educators, especially on their professional teaching identity, are rare, whether in the fields of Teacher Education, Education, Science Education, or Chemistry Teaching. Considering the importance of teacher educators, I aim to identify and understand the construction of the professional teaching identity of teacher educators of the undergraduate Chemistry course offered at the Araras campus of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). In this sense, I sought to answer the question: how does the process of construction of the professional teaching identity of the teacher educators working in an undergraduate course in Chemistry occur? The qualitative research approach dialogued and was supported by the adopted theoretical foundations regarding the training of chemistry teachers, professional and social identity, especially Dubar (2020), of teacher educators such as Vaillant (2003), and in theoretical and methodological assumptions of narrative research, especially Clandinin and Connelly (2015). The methodological steps included a mapping of the teachers working at the Center of Agricultural Sciences (CCA) of UFSCar Araras who worked and/or work in the Chemistry undergraduate course from 2009 to 2019, followed by a semi-structured interview, conducted in the relying upon the mentioned references, among others. I interviewed twelve teacher educators who agreed to participate in the research. I analyzed the interviews contrasting it with the analytical categories of identity proposed by Dubar (2020) through Discourse Analysis. I arranged the narratives into three main axes and their unfolding’s: i) characterization, which presents a personal and professional profile of the teacher trainers; ii) trajectories, which presents elements of personal and professional trajectory; iii) performance, which presents the processes of socialization at the university, the conceptions of the teacher trainers and the actions they develop at the university and in the training of future teachers of chemistry. The results point out that the professional teaching identity of teacher educators is constructed through relational and biographical processes and influenced by the various spaces, places, experiences, and relationships experienced by the teacher educators throughout their trajectories, and also allows us to think about the characteristic axes for thinking about the professional teaching identity of the teacher educators of chemistry teachers with centrality in learning, in its multiple dimensions.
Avaliação da influência do acabamento superficial na resistência à corrosão do aço SAE 1020 em biodiesel e suas misturas com óleo diesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-09)
Roque, Bruno Alexandre
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Monteiro, Marcos Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3342080276878958
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7629942477816303
This work evaluated the influence of surface finish resulting from milling on the corrosion resistance of SAE 1020 steel parts in biodiesel (B100) and its blends with petroleum diesel (B15 and B30), through tests of total immersion, crevice corrosion and vapor phase for 2400h at room temperature. For milling, three tool displacement configurations were used, and three parts regions had their surfaces characterized by skewness (Ssk), kurtosis (Sku) and reduced valley depth (Svk) parameters. The statistical analysis of these parameters showed that the three machining configurations produced surfaces with differences related to the predominance of peaks and valleys, with the peaks of the first configuration being steeper than those of the first configuration, suggesting that the tool displacement strategy could present a correlation with the susceptibility to corrosion of the parts. After the tests, it was found that the blends B15, B30, biodiesel (B100) and the total immersion, crevice corrosion and vapor phase tests did not produce significant variations in the roughness parameters. However, taking into account only the machining configuration factor, after 2400h the samples of the first configuration showed significant differences in the mean values of Ssk and Sku, indicating that their surfaces had a greater number of valleys than at 0h and suggesting that the peaks of this configuration were responsible for a larger area of exposure to biodiesel and its blends. Although the surfaces of the other configurations presented some changes resulting from the corrosive action of the diesel/biodiesel blends and biodiesel, for these, no significant changes in the roughness parameters were observed. The formation of passive film on the surfaces and the high electrical resistivity of the studied blends (B15 and B30) and biodiesel (B100) may have influenced the results obtained in the immersion tests, thus suggesting the need for a longer time for these regions the parts had more expressive effects resulting from corrosion.
Mobilidade de trabalhadores qualificados nas empresas inovadoras brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-09)
Macedo, Letícia Aparecida dos Santos
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Costa, Ariana Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0800816163922095
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Silva, Gustavo Pereira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2439816100723730
The innovative process is uncertain and complex. Thus, knowledge becomes a relevant input for innovate activities. In addition to formal knowledge, it is important for innovation, stand out the tacit form, that acquired over time and that it not easily shared by formal process. In this context, assuming that people are the major carriers of tacit knowledge, the mobility of workers is essential to enable exchanges, thus possibility opportunities for knowledge transfers that impact on innovation. The present study aims are to analyze the mobility of skilled workers in Brazilian innovative companies in two specific trienniums and measure the influence of the mobility of skilled workers on innovation. Skilled workers were classified as employees with higher education or in occupations potentially linked to the areas of science and technology (POTEC). Initially, a descriptive analysis about the profile of companies considered to be innovate and of their employees was carried out between the years 2006 and 2011. After that, measure the skilled mobility workers was construed at the firm level in the sectors of extractive industry, transformation industry and electricity and gas. The GLM model with Poisson and Binomial Negative distribution and the TOBIT model were estimated. In the estimations, patent applications by company (dependent variable) were used as an innovation proxy. Skilled mobility of workers between companies was the independent interest variable. The results showed that the mobility of skilled workers is significant and positively impacts in innovation of companies. This result corroborates the importance of knowledge in innovative activities, seeing when moving, the worker increases the possibilities of knowledge exchange via face-to-face contact, in addition to generating new opportunities for access to different contact networks. Furthermore, it was found that the impact of mobility on innovation by POTEC workers is greater than that of workers with higher education.
A condição de refúgio no Brasil: políticas de ações afirmativas no trabalho e no ensino superior público paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-09)
Guilherme, Maria Luiza Cavazotto
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Souza, Geraldo Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3516168011612531
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2377044242381292
This paper aimed to understand the condition/state of refuge in Brazil, from its socioeconomic profile with interface in the fields of labor, health and education. The general objective of the research was to problematize and describe the condition of people in a refuge state or forced migration in Brazil, based on affirmative actions policies in the affirmative actions field of higher education in São Paulo's universities. Based on the methodology of fundamental bibliographical type, the research conducted an in-depth analysis of specific studies on actions in the labor, health and education areas and at the same time, of the edicts of five chosen São Paulo's public universities: Unicamp, UFSCar, UFABC, USP and UNIFESP, to examine the affirmative actions thought for refugees in each of them. Within the limits of this research, it is concluded that the government is one of the essential pillars to ensure the reception of people in a state of refuge, at the same time, it highlights the actions of student movements and other organizations that seek to awaken affirmative actions for this population.
O brincar na transição da educação infantil para o ensino fundamental: uma análise das narrativas de crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-09)
Nois, Letícia Joia de
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Sommerhalder, Aline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7393028361598963
This research focuses on the study of the transition from early childhood education to elementary education and to support this study, we worked with authors from the history of childhood and the history of education on the concept of childhood and children since the Middle Ages, both in the Europe as in Brazil, until today and, as these concepts are also treated in the official documents of Brazilian education. In addition, the authors of historical cultural psychology contributed to an elucidation of the child's learning and development process. Such research intends to answer the following questions: What happens in relation to playfulness when the child enters the first year of elementary school? Is there a difference between playing in the last year of Early Childhood Education and playing in the first year of Elementary School, based on testimonies of children's narratives? Given this, this research aims to know, examine and understand through children's narratives, the transition process from early childhood education to elementary education with regard to playfulness in the school environment. To achieve this goal, the field research methodology was qualitative, using semi-structured interviews with 13 children, who participated in the collection process in two stages, the first in the last year of early childhood education and the second in the first year of teaching. fundamental. From interviews conducted, from the perspective of oral narratives and based on the content analysis of Bardin (1979), 4 categories were formulated a posteriori. The first category called "Physical Education" presents and discusses registration units about the physical education classes that appeared in children's narratives, the second category, called "Playful Culture", organizes the results of the registration units: playing with water and / or pool, games with fantasy, games of catch, hide and seek and with sand and also the so-called “wooden toy”. The third was called “Curricular Components” and addresses the registration units for teaching and learning activities carried out by children, using the “activity” registration unit and, finally, the last category entitled “Differences between early childhood education” and elementary education ”brings the registration units that reflect the differences between the stages of basic education according to the children's narratives, being these registration units: recreation; computer classes; playground, and some other registration units, mentioned only once, but which bring important messages to answer the questions of this research. Finally, in the final considerations, the contributions of this study to the school education of children and their possible consequences are treated.
O ensino remoto de ‘lutas no mundo’ em aulas de educação física na pandemia de covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-09)
Colloca, Pedro Maiorano
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Ramos, Glauco Nunes Souto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0134679842280022
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9936075510141788
During the covid-19 pandemic, many sectors of civil society were harmed in all different ways. The school was one of the institutions that felt intensely the impacts of this phenomenon, starting by its closure, which opened up, in a way never seen before, the inequalities of our educational system. With regard to the pedagogical scope, even though it is still not clear what the real impacts of all this time without face-to-face activities at school are, it is important to think about what strategies are being successfully applied by teachers, considering that understanding this scenario is a way of listing new teaching practices that can be adopted in remote education. With this in mind, this work seeks to understand how school physical education rethought the teaching of the thematic unit 'fights in the world', taking into account that this content supposedly requires direct contact between the participants in order to be learned. Considering that the main goal of this research was to analyze a didactic unit for teaching fights, built in a collaborative way, with the Physical Education teacher from the state school system in the state of São Paulo. In order to carry it out qualitatively, I chose as data collection instruments a semi-structured interview with a teacher at the school, a questionnaire sent to the students in a ninth grade class, and finally, comments on a classroom's facebook group, created by the school's coordination. Data were analyzed, reaching the following categories. a) Being a teacher in the pandemic, encompassing my reflections on the understanding that the interviewed teacher has about this process; b) Planning of physical education classes during the pandemic, in which I was able to point out how the curriculum influenced the organization of the teaching unit during this pandemic moment; and, c) If the fights arouse interest, whoever fights does not fight either, in which I evidenced the students' understanding of the didactic unit worked on. As final considerations, I could infer that being a teacher in the pandemic is not a simple task, requiring an apparently more urgent effort to reflect on pedagogical practice. In addition, the fact that the Currículo Paulista was designed for face-to-face teaching and had been applied online was an imperative for the way we conduct the class planning. Finally, I understood that the students had good use of the didactic unit, considering the rather elaborate understanding of the 'world struggles' they had, in addition to the autonomy they had to build their own meanings in relation to the theme, which was expressed, respectively, on the Facebook rating and comments.
Homens autores de violência contra mulheres: um estudo com participantes de grupos reflexivos em Belo Horizonte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-09)
Fleury-Teixeira, Elizabeth Maria
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Mancuso, Maria Inês Rauter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3208435983286140
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0476722081317981
During 2019, in Belo Horizonte (MG), a total of 456 men who committed violence, punished by the Law 11.340 (Maria da Penha Law), were referred by the justice system to serve part of their alternative sentence in existing reflection groups in two programs in the city: Albam Institute and Dialogar Program of Civil Police of Minas Gerais State. There were respondents found by this survey. The data obtained resulted from the application of questionnaires to 30% of the total number of participants in these reflection groups operating in Belo Horizonte that year - meaning the application of 137 questionnaires related to childhood and 137 questionnaires on youth. The main purpose of this research was to carry out an empirical study in Belo Horizonte that would allow to find patterns related to practices based on beliefs and customs, moral values in which men who committed violence against women in intimate relationships were socialized, punished by the Maria da Penha Law. The way to make this proposal viable was to reconstruct the memories of primary and secondary socialization of these men, in view of an approximation with the dimension of the habitus (conf. Bourdieu 1979:164; e Bourdieu, 1980:88 e 89; Bourdieu, 1987:81structured in this trajectory. The tested hypothesis was built from the objective of exploring a little more the notion of an increase in violence associated with a movement to change the patterns of masculinity, in view of the notions brought by Connell and Messersmith (1985 and 2013); Walby (1991), Patman (1998), Bourdieu (1998) and Segato (2006).
Análise de sobrevivência em marketing, considerando o modelo exponencial com fragilidade compartilhada, na predição de churn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-10)
Cintra, Ana Carolaine Hipollito
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Fogo, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7654071774665744
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7201415299512060
Services companies like telephony, health plans, internet and others, have redirect their marketing strategies in the customers retention. By maintaining a business relationship with their consumers, companies guarantee capital collection, reducing spending on finding new users. The study of the occurrence of churn is important for customer retention because, by knowing the profile of these consumers, companies can identify others who may breach the contract. This work aims to predict the probability of occurrence of churn based on the relationship time between customer and company, considering services characteristics and the profile of the consumer, using survival analisys and regression models. The exponential model was used for lifetimes, considering customers divided into different groups, or categories. A frailty term was considered to describe the common risk shared by individuals within the group. With the shared frailty model, it was possible to estimate the probability of churn, at a given time, for the group as a whole, as well as for each of the individuals in the group. The shared frailty model was applied to a database of a phone company, whose analyzes were carried out with two clusters: type of subscription and education level of the customers. With the frailty model estimated for the clusters, it was possible to satisfactorily rank the risk of the groups.
Efeitos fíler e pozolânico do pó de vidro em argamassas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-10)
Borges, Alexandre Lopes
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Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3641564039262539
The activity of the cement industry results in a huge amount of CO2 emissions mainly due to the calcination of limestone. In this context, numerous researches have been approaching additions in cementitious composites to replace cement amounts in the production of mortars and concretes. It is worth noting that these additions usually come from waste from other industries, thus, in addition to reducing the amount of discarded materials, it reduces the damage caused by the inappropriate destination of this waste. However, for these replacements to be considered viable, several factors must be analyzed, seeking to know the material and its behavior given the new utility. Studies on the use of finely ground glass as a partial substitute for cement have been developed, mainly due to the verification of its good performance as a pozzolanic material with particles smaller than 300 µm. In addition to this pozzolanicity, a physical filling action by the fine grains of the material (filler effect) has been observed, which results in the improvement of the modified cementitious composite. But few studies are deepening the individual contribution of glass powder in cementitious composites due to its physical and chemical effects. Thus, this research aimed to quantify the development of mechanical properties of mortars caused by filling and the pozzolanic effect of the glass powder separately. For this, initially sought to characterize the glass powder and determine its pozzolanic activity and compare the results with those found in the literature for other additions and technical standards. Mortars were developed with different levels of volumetric replacement (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50%) of cement by finely ground glass passing through the mesh #200 (75 µm), seeking to evaluate the incorporation of glass powder in the physical and mechanical properties of mortars. To differentiate the filler effect from the pozzolanic one, limestone filler was used, whose particle size distribution is similar to the studied glass powder. Mortar characterization tests were carried out on the properties of axial compressive strength, water absorption by capillary, tensile strength by diametrical compression, and static modulus of elasticity for mortars with cement contents replaced by glass and limestone filler in the same amount. The results of the pozzolanic activity of the glass powder indicated reactivity by the Modified Chapelle and electrical conductivity tests, in addition to the chemical composition with the sum of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 oxides greater than 70%, and amorphous predominance by XRD. The mechanical results obtained were favorable to the cement replacement content by glass powder in 20% and it was possible to verify that in all the analyzed properties there was the presence of the two effects (filler and pozzolanic) of the finely ground glass in the mortars. The slower chemical activity of the glass powder was observed in relation to cement, with 24% gain in compressive strength due to pozzolanic effect concerning the reference value at the most advanced age of the study (91 days).
Determinantes da adoção de práticas e tecnologias de agricultura de precisão por fornecedores de cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-10)
Mozambani, Carlos Ivan
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Vinholis, Marcela de Mello Brandão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5730999136286305
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Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3740950346967524
The following thesis identifies and analyzes the determinants of the adoption and the intensity of adoption of precision agriculture technologies (PATs) by sugarcane suppliers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, as well as the main barriers to adoption. In person interviews with 131 sugarcane farmers provided cross-sectional farm level data from the 2018/19 crop year. The farmers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire and the primary data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, hypothesis test and count data models. Six PATs adopted by the farmers were identified: GNSS and images for rows planning; tractor/harvester with automatic guidance system; georeferenced grids for soil sampling; images (satellite and/or ARP) for mapping pest and yield; variable rate application of fertilizers; and variable rate application of pesticide. The adoption and adoption intensity (dependent variable) were measured as the number of PATs used by farmers. Fifty-three farmers adopted at least one of these technologies, while 78 farmers did not. The results show that the agricultural information provided by the sugarcane mill, the farm size, as well as the perception of increased productivity are factors that positively and significantly influence the farmer’s decision of adoption PATs. The access to technical assistance information, the participation in agricultural events (workshop, farms fair and farm field days), the farmer’s previous experience, the availability of credit and the perception of increased productivity positively impact the decision to adopt a greater number of PATs, that is, the adoption intensity of the PATs. The adopters indicated that they had faced difficulties related to the connectivity in the field, the lack of technical assistance from equipment suppliers, the lack of trained labor and the incompatibility of the communication interface between computer systems of different agricultural equipment as the main barriers to adoption. For the non-adopters, the main barriers for adoption were the high initial investment.
Modelos lineares generalizados multinomiais univariado e bivariado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-10)
David, Leticia Caroline da Silva
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Rojas, Francisco Antonio Rojas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5995701672086579
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2788192007320191
This work presents the basical theorics fundaments of the generalized linear models e the caracteristiscs of the univariate multinomial and binomial logistic regression analysis. Practical aplications of binomial regression and of multinomial were perfomed. The aplication were related the evaluation of effectiveness of an herbicide for the control of a certain weed; of the effectiveness of the radiation level for the house flies control; and for the evaluation of the degree of retinopathy as a function of the individuals' diabetes and other condition. The code of the implementation of the analitycals procedures, run by the softwares R, MATLAB e SAS are avaliable. Also are descrited three bivariate multinomial logistic reggression models: fixed effects conditional, margimal and mixed effects. Applications for each models are presented. The applications are about: the degree of retinopathy avaliation in both eyes of patientsas a function of diabetics and other individual features; the severity of rheumatoid arthritis as a function of the patients status. The code of the implementation of the analitycals procedures, run by the softwares R, MATLAB e SAS are avaliable.
Compósitos à base de quitosana e fibras de celulose como um potencial sistema para liberação controlada de fertilizantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-10)
Contieri, Gabriela Aparecida
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Messa, Lucas Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9576740065848780
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Faez, Roselena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0654750186618555
Chemical fertilizers are essential to the agrochemical industry when added to the soil to provide the nutrients needed for plant growth. As a more sustainable alternative, innovative and intelligent products are being developed, controlled-release fertilizers. This product offers an extended-release of nutrients to the plant in small amounts. The introduction of these materials in agriculture makes it possible to alleviate water contamination in rivers, groundwater, and the environment. This work aimed to improve the efficiency of using chemical fertilizers with the development of a composite prepared from chitosan and sugarcane bagasse fibers. Biodegradable polymers such as chitosan and cellulosic fibers have been explored to develop “green” composite materials with properties of great technological interest, such as prolonged nutrient release capacity. Chitosan is insoluble in water, making its use as a coating matrix viable, acting as a hydrophobic barrier that will reduce the availability of nutrients to the environment. Cellulosic fibers, in turn, act as a biosorbent medium for nutrients, helping to delay their release. Additionally, the sorbed fibers were characterized by morphological techniques (Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), structural (Infrared Region Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (DRX), and thermal (TGA) methods. It has the potential to be a controlled-release fertilizer due to its promising sorption results. Moreover, concerned with the current educational scenario, new didactic proposals are needed to ensure quality teaching; the Interdisciplinary Island of Rationality proposes a teaching emancipatory and makes the students the protagonist of their education. More current themes can be worked on, such as the insertion of biopolymers in organic chemistry teaching.
O empresariamento da Educação: breve análise sobre a atuação do Instituto Votorantim na educação pública
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-10)
Paes, Denise Araujo
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Coutinho, Luciana Cristina Salvatti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2688318704089723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3052218981136166
The present work aims to make a brief introductory analysis about the work of Votorantim Institute in Education in the context of educational reforms developed in Brazil since 1990s. There is an increasingly frequent presence of foundations and business institutes offering education projects aimed at public education. The main goal was to analyze the performance of Votorantim Institute in public schools by analyzing the documents published on institute’s website and also by analyzing theses, dissertations and articles. The analyzes were mainly based on the following authors: Melo (2003), Neves (2005), Luz (2009), Peroni (2013) e Freitas (2014). It was observed the impact that business can make at public educations through alliances made between public and private. In the general survey on the role of education in Brazil, the public and private sectors and the growing business performance in the public school, it can understand about the importance of Brazilian public school, to go against or in favor of this current dominant hegemony.
Análise fatorial para dados qualitativos ordinais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11)
Lu, Ching Yu
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Viola, Márcio Luis Lanfredi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7797241339089177
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8727044482998086
The use of the factor analysis is appropriate for quantitative data. Therefore, alternatives should be considered to use factor analysis with ordinal data. In this work, exploratory factor analysis for ordinal data is described. Specifically, we utilize special correlations such as Spearman and polychoric. Moreover, we apply exploratory factor analysis to dataset provided by the evaluation committee of the Federal University of São Carlos (CPA/UFSCar). The dataset was obtained by a questionnaire whose response scale is Likert type.
A experiência do “tornar-se mãe” em mães biológicas e em mães adotivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11)
Casarotto, Mariana
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8328079351321392
For many years motherhood was a prerequisite for women to have space in societies. This condition carried with it an ambivalence, as women gained social recognition, but needed to renounce their personal desires and aspirations in the name of motherhood. Elements based on the feminist movement openednew perspectives for women's lives, as well as new possibilities for the experience of motherhood: adoption being one of them . Given that there are different motivations and ways which lead women to become mothers, it is important to understand the psychological aspects involved in this stage of these women's lives, experienced more strongly by first time mothers. The aim of the study is to evaluate psychological variables of biological and adoptive primiparous mothers during the first four months of contact with their child, in order to identify similarities and differences in the processes of becoming a mother. From a multiple-case study design, two biological primiparous mothers and two adoptive primiparous mothers, who were in the first four months of living with their child, were recruited. The mothers answered the Social Support Perception Scale (EPSUS-A), and over the period of four months completed the monthly semi-structured assessment guide and built an online experience diary The qualitative study of data obtained was done through a thematic analysis, using the Atlas.ti software. The quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive analysis and differences between different periods of data collection was analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Similarities and differences were found in the participants processes of becoming a mother. Similarities included the existence support network, feelings in general, the importance of the baby's development to build the relationship of the dyad and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mother. The differences were in relation to body changes on biological mothers, breastfeeding, and a greater perception of a support network of biological mothers when compared to adoptive mothers, who, in turn, experienced the psychological aspects related to the process of waiting for legal adoption. Thus, the study discusses that the experience of motherhood is a unique event for each woman and her experience is related to each woman's individual process, and a support network contributes throughout this process.
Síntese de filme de Nb2O5 por oxidação eletrolítica assistida a plasma (PEO) com regime oscilatório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11)
Batista, Jonata Rodrigues Dias
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Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9371807725346783
The present work aims to investigate the amplitude, the period, the temperature of five cycles of the oscillatory phenomenon in three current densities and how this behavior can affect the characteristics of the anodic film. During the synthesis of Nb2O5 anodic films in the plasma-assisted electrolytic oxidation process, or Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO), under specific conditions, an unusual oscillatory phenomenon was observed when analyzing the voltage vs. time curves. A system composed of a C2H2O4 electrolyte with a concentration of 0.1 mol.L-1, an initial temperature of 15°C, and a polished niobium substrate with an area of 100 mm2 was prepared. Given these conditions, three of them were used at different current densities: 5, 10, and 20 mA.cm-1, where the voltage vs. time curves were analyzed. The produced films were characterized for morphological and microstructure properties formed under an oscillatory regime. Studies have shown that the amplitude and the average period of oscillations tend to increase with increasing current densities, the average temperature exhibiting the same behavior. Based on the literature, the mechanism of oscillatory behavior is related to the detachment and reconstruction of the film, forming several layers. The difficult reproducibility of the oscillatory phenomenon was also observed since different replicates of the sample of 10 mA.cm-1 originate different curve shapes, a result of the sensitivity of the process with variations in temperature and simultaneous dissipation parameters. The characterizations of anodic films showed a predominant presence of niobium and oxygen and an orthorhombic structure of Nb2O5. The film has porous characteristics and has several cracks, with an increase in the density of pores on the surface related to an increase in current density. The bandgap values of the oxide coatings formed were lower than those found in the literature for Nb2O5. Studying the oscillatory phenomenon in the synthesis of Nb2O5 under the specified conditions contributes to understanding how the oscillatory behavior is influenced by the current density and can modify the synthesized anodic film.
Brasil na tela: a narrativa da nação a partir das telenovelas brasileiras e seus alcances transnacionais (1970-1985)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11)
Ruy, Luana Gabriela
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Medeiros, Priscila Martins de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021362429861754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2202343826458496
Brazilian teledramaturgy is recognized worldwide as a reference for productions that propose a realistic style. The assumed aesthetics, therefore, demanded that the genre adapts to the demands of the public, who, in general, were interested in narratives that were based on social reality. This entire process resulted in what is now considered to be a Brazilian tipically teledramaturgy and that is marked by certain specificities. The main one refers to the political scenario, since the 1970s represents, above all for the Brazilian media, a period of authoritarianism and censorship by the military. Given this, we have as object of study the narratives about the national and, more specifically about the Racial Relations in Brazil transmitted by the Brazilian teledramaturgy between the decades of 1970 to 1980. In the analysis, we carried out the study of three soap operas produced by Rede Globo, being they: “O Bem-Amado” (1973); “Gabriela” (1975), and “Escrava Isaura” (1976). These were the first soap operas produced by the broadcaster that committed to establish dialogues with the Brazilian social reality, besides, these productions were the first to cross the national border, reaching several other countries and becoming the main diffusers of narratives about Brazil. In more specific terms, we seek to: a) Map the cultural codes narrated by Brazilian television drama between the years 1970 and 1980; b) Analyze what are the relationships between the cultural codes narrated and the national socio-political context; c) Understand to what extent the national collective imagination, specifically the idea of race and racial democracy, influenced by television drama, sought dialogues with transnational contexts. To build our reflections we use the theoretical contributions of Cultural and Post-Colonial Studies. In methodological terms, the present work consists of a documentary research, which included analysis and systematization of the novels according to the techniques of Content Analysis, seeking to categorize, among other aspects: the characteristics of black characters; their relationships in the plots; the plots in which they circulate; historical narratives; how slavery and racism are approached; and the meanings about Africa and African descent present in these materials. The research it also has a documentary survey of data on the selected novels, as well as on the internationalization process experienced by the broadcaster, obtained from searches of documentation centers such as the Arquivo Memória Globo and the Multimeios Archive (IDART). Therefore, the aesthetic turn in the productions is historically configured as a successful recipe for Rede Globo. However, we can consider that, in parallel, this so-called formula corroborates the maintenance of certain meanings, which in a certain way, dialogue directly with a discrimination structure in force in Brazilian society. The typically Brazilian language carries with it codes that have not become detached from racialized meanings about blacks in Brazil. For this reason, the present research aimed to trace this past, understanding the configuration of these cultural codes, procedurally, from the movements in which these narratives they are revisited and updated in contemporary times.
A influência conservadora e empresarial na perpetuação da dualidade educacional no século XXI: o processo de implementação da reforma do ensino médio no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11)
Castilho, Bianca Bardi
;
Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0332940525944518
The research analyses the new high school educational policy approved by the Provisal Measure n. 746/2016 and passed into the Law n. 13.415/2017. The objective of the study was to identify the implementation process of the High School Reform in São Paulo through the context of intensification of the neoliberalism and the push of conservative and corporate movements in the education. The research problem was to discuss how the High School Reform will be implemented in São Paulo in a context of political and economical crisis. The hypothesis was that, after the new curricular organization and the changes in academic load, the high school tends to strengthen the duality and inequality in the educational processes once it shapes the student for the job market in a precarious and excluding way. This research also argues that the new education proposal besides to perpetuate the historical division between humanist education and professional education can foster ranking inside on the state system. This study applied as methodology the dialectic materialism considering the relevance on the process of investigation to the object of research and the articulation of theory with the reality to understand the determiners. The theorical instruments were the bibliographic and documental analysis. The research showed that the application of the new high school system in São Paulo occurs through the development of three important projects: Currículo Paulista, Inova Educação and Novotec. The projects have the goal of articulating the curriculum of high school to the orientations of the Base Nacional Comum Curricular, separating the general formation and the professional education, adjusting the academic load, and emphasizing the curricular components to the socioemotional formation. These programs demonstrate the adequation process of the educational system to the neoliberal demands and the adherence to the work organization with basis in flexible accumulation.
Catálise por complexos metálicos: I – Complexos de Ni(II), Cu(II) e Pd(II) com bases de Schiff na oxidação de catecóis; II – Complexos de Ru(II) com ligantes tipo-pinça na desidrogenação de álcoois
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11)
Mello, Lucas dos Santos
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Dockal, Edward Ralph
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2729829694201584
Green Chemistry is an indispensable scientific tool for sustainable development, catalysis is one of its twelve principles through which energy waste and hazardous chemicals production can be minimized. In this sense, biomimetic catalysis is a field that takes advantage of the versatility of well-defined metal complexes inspired by natural highly efficient catalysts, such as enzymes. In the design of efficient catalysts for the oxidation of organic substrates, salen-type complexes are known as mimetic models for several metalloenzymes. Their ease of synthesis, availability and versatility of stereo-electronic properties make them suitable attractive choices. On the other hand, in the search of new and more environmentally friendly sustainable energy sources, ruthenium-pincer complexes have shown promising results as catalysts in (de)hydrogenation reactions. The use of hydrogen as energy source is attractive due to its high energy density and low waste production. Nonetheless, transporting H2 is dangerous and the use of alcohols as H2 carriers with in loco hydrogen release is a highly desirable alternative. This thesis is divided in two parts in which two different catalytic processes had been studied. In the first part, there were synthetized copper(II), nickel(II) and palladium(II) salen-type complexes with ligand derived from diaminomaleonitrile and salicylaldehydes. Those complexes were characterized by physical methods in the solid state, as elemental analysis, vibrational infrared spectroscopy (IR), and single crystal X-Rays diffraction, and in solution, by molar conductivity, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electronic spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Properties were compared in terms of substituents in the aromatic rings and metal center. Moreover, the synthesized complexes were tested as catalysts in the oxidation of 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol by O2, in a functional biomimetic application of Catechol Oxidase enzyme. In the second part, ruthenium(II)-pincer complex with PNP and PNS ligands derived from 2-(diphenylphosphane)benzaldehyde were synthesized and characterized by 1H and 31P NMR and single crystal X-Rays diffraction crystallography. Furthermore, those complexes were tested as catalysts in the dehydrogenation of alcohols (ethanol and isopropanol) in an AAD perspective.