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Deficiência intelectual no contexto do ensino de ciências: perspectivas e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-14) Santos, Priscila Maria dos; Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-7964; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381330983311044; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3600-9233
The present work refers to the development of a bibliographical research on the theme special education for intellectually disabled people in Science teaching. As a foundation, Vygotsky's writings are used around the Historical-Cultural Theory and the development of the subject with intellectual disability, to enable historical and social discussions relevant to the theme. The work aims to highlight the main difficulties faced in inclusive education and special education, considering the teaching of science in regular schools and individuals who have intellectual disabilities. The results were analyzed using Discursive Textual Analysis, which made it possible to verify its importance due to the possibility of developing and exercising necessary methodological actions in inclusive education and the urgency to expand discussions within the scope of science teaching
Desenho universal para aprendizagem na Educação Física: contribuições de uma formação continuada sob a ótica reflexiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-14) Oliveira, Amália Rebouças de Paiva e; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1119493351624959
Promoting inclusive physical education (PE) classes is a challenge for teachers in the regular school system, an alternative that aims to subsidize the teacher to promote an inclusive class is the Universal Design for Learning (UDL). In this context, this research aimed to promote continuing education for physical education teachers that addressed the use of UDL in the context of regular education. To this end, this study was composed of two stages, stage 1 called diagnosis and planning was a descriptive research in which an online questionnaire was applied to 26 physical education teachers from a municipal education network, and two meetings were held with technical assistants of physical education that were recorded in the field diary. After qualitative analysis, a continuing education program was developed according to the demand of the county. The second stage corresponded to a collaborative research that used the focus group as a data collection technique and as a formative space for teachers. All five meetings were recorded and transcribed for analysis. Thematic analysis was carried out of all the material that gave rise to four major topics for discussion, they were: 1) Reflections on inclusion; 2) Inclusive pedagogical practices in PE; 3) PE teaching planning for PAEE students; 4) Application of UDL in PE: potential and challenges. As an external activity, teachers planned and applied an activity from the perspective of UDL. As a collective construct of continuing education, a practical guide for the application of UDL in PE and a concept map of UDL in PE were developed. The results showed that UDL collaborates for the inclusion of PAEE in the teachers' view because it is concerned with the engagement of all students in the activities. However, the teachers cited the short class time and the Brazilian structure as obstacles to the implementation of UDL in PE classes. At the end of the study, a social validity questionnaire was applied in order to evaluate the training program in which the participants were satisfied with the training offered. We conclude that it is possible to apply the principles of UDL in PE classes in regular education, especially if teachers work through interdisciplinary. The model of continuing education based on collaboration and in a focus group format proved to be efficient in terms of allowing the teacher to reflect on his practice and create new ways to promote inclusive practices. The collective constructs built during the training will collaborate for the application of the DUA in PE classes, and also in the training of other teachers.
Vínculo mãe-filho(a) de crianças expostas e não expostas à Violência entre Parceiros Íntimos: um estudo de caso múltiplo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-14) Zafalon, Julia Floriano; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5160042314194286
Healthy family experiences contribute to the development of adaptative child behaviors; adverse experiences, such as exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), are associated with short- and long-term problems. The present study aimed to develop a multiple case study comparing dyads exposed and not exposed to IPV in relation to the mother-child bond. Five mothers (30-46 years) and 5 children, 3 girls and 2 boys, aged between 9 and 11 years (M=9.8; SD=0.84) participated in the study. Mothers answered the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2-R) and children answered the Exposure to Domestic Violence Scale (EEVD), the Attachment to Parents Assessment Scale and a semi-structured interview. The data indicated that four mothers reported a history of physical IPV, two of which were in a shelter situation with their children at the time of collection. It was found that the children of women victims of physical IPV were exposed to a greater number of risk factors and had lower values on the scale of attachment to parents when compared to the other children. Future studies to investigate the relationship between these variables, supporting future interventions for children exposed to violence, is discussed.
Desenvolvimento e validação de um instrumento de vinhetas sobre casos de aborto e estupro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-14) Iamada, Beatriz Miho; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0749407340976774
Legal abortion resulting from rape is legalized in Brazil. However there are several obstacles, such as ignorance of the legislation and moral judgments of professionals, which compromise the exercise of the victims' reproductive autonomy. This research aimed to develop and validate a vignette instrument that allows collecting data on attitudes, knowledge and opinions of health professionals in relation to cases of rape victims who became pregnant as a result of violence and wish to have an abortion. Thus, based on reports and studies on the subject, seven vignettes were created, which were evaluated by expert judges. Seven judges evaluated each item of the instrument based on the criteria of suitability to the target audience, relevance and clarity in language. The agreement analysis was performed based on the Content Validity Coefficient (CVC) of each item and total for each criterion. The evaluations per item were satisfactory, as well as the instrument as a whole in the aforementioned criteria (respectively: CVCa=0.95; CVCr=0.97; CVCl=0.90). Then, the instrument went through the pilot application phase, in which, due to problems with the platform used, only one answer was fully recorded. Even so, the answer was analyzed qualitatively, especially in relation to the understanding of the instrument. Both phases of instrument validation included a Bardin content analysis of the data, which were categorized according to their theme. From the qualitative analysis of both stages, it was possible to identify problems of comprehension indicated, which were later repaired. It is possible to conclude that the instrument presented acceptable psychometric qualities for the vignette instrument to fulfill its objective.
Utilização de técnicas projetuais e construtivas de baixo impacto ambiental: estudo de caso em edificação unifamiliar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-14) Valvassori, Letícia Hatamoto; Silva, Sandra Regina Mota; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973870842834947; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3620453680126734
ABSTRACT The civil construction sector has been responsible for significant environmental degradation, either by the consumption of natural resources, or by the production of a critical volume of waste and pollution. In the global context, minimize these impacts is part of the efforts to allow future generations to meet their demands. Knowing that the environmental impacts of a building extend throughout its life cycle, the solutions adopted in the conception and design phases have high potential to reduce or increase it. From this perspective, this paper was structured in two parts. The first one was a bibliographic review to survey and compile procedures, measures, and solutions with low environmental impact for single-family homes. This investigation was guided by topics related to water, human environmental comfort, and energy, and also includes the environmental certifications, approaching, more specifically, the seal Selo Casa Azul and the label Qualiverde. In the second part, based on the subsidies obtained, a case study of a residence located in São Carlos, which sought to implement solutions aligned to a more sustainable perspective, was carried out. Thus, along with the systematization of these design and constructive solutions, it was possible to analyze how the case study absorbed and incorporated the solutions with low environmental impact, discussing relevant aspects. The characteristics of this plot, such as its area of 5,000m², enabled the adoption of a set of solutions that could hardly be used in dense urban areas. On the other hand, within the analyzed variables, some of the solutions used could be improved. In this discussion, it is emphasized that sustainability doesn’t have an achievable limit. In the end, the importance of considering a set of solutions aimed at sustainability and adequate for each context, from the initial design stage, is highlighted, so that it can complement each other and efficiently promote the reduction or, if possible, elimination of different types of impacts.
Concentração de renda e política tributária: análise a partir dos grandes números da Receita Federal (2007-2017)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-14) Santos, Rodrigo Cesar Simão Alves dos; Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7066100737307566; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3792298229612530
The objective of this paper is to analyze how income concentration is related to tax policy in Brazil, where it seeks to assess the distributive impacts of an increase in the progressivity of taxes. Through the bibliographic review of the debate on income distribution in Brazil, it is observed that the interpretations about this characteristic of the Brazilian economy oscillated between the impact of salary policies and the educational aspects of the population within the theory of human capital. Recent research shows that the focus of the discussion on income distribution should be turned to the richest groups in society. To measure the gains in distributive terms of an increase in progressive taxation, based on the discussion of profits and dividends, the data provided by the “Receita Federal” were used because they can be used within the concept of tax income. The construction of the Gini coefficients is as follows: first, there is a large concentration of income within the data provided by the “Receita Federal”, indicating similarity with recent research on the top of the distribution. This allows the use of data as a proxy to measure distributive gains with changes in the taxation of the wealthiest groups and to envision the problem of “pejotização” in Brazilian society. Secondly, there are the distributive gains from the introduction of a progressive rate on the exempt income category: reduction of the Gini coefficient by 3.09% for all taxpayers and 1.97 % for recipients of profits and dividends together with the maintence of the downward trend of the indicator. Thus, it seeks to contribute so that the tax reform proposals also consider equity aspects on the form of collection. Keywords:
"Trocar a chavinha 'agora eu estou falando espanhol'": imaginários de professores brasileiros em formação sobre estruturas verbais do espanhol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-14) Cortez, Vinícius Daydi Yano; Yokota, Rosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5956337771217791
Starting from the comprehension that the subject in its relation with the world is invariably measured by imaginary projections, which affect the objects and individuals surrounding it, being those indispensable for the construction of what is known as reality. This research, from the Applied Linguistics field in interface with the Discourse Analysis, aims to discuss the presence of imaginaries – viewed as meaning networks that circulates through the subject’s speeches. They concern some verbal structures of the Spanish language, namely: simple and compound forms of the Past Perfect Indicative [trabajé / he trabajado], the cases –ra [trabajara] and –se [trabajase] from the Past Imperfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive the verbal diphthong and the periphrasis of the gerund and infinitive formed by [verbal lexemes + a + infinitive]. The aim is to verify the existence of determined images over the verbal forms mentioned on the part of some Spanish teachers in training from a university of the São Paulo state in Brazil. This investigation, with a qualitative approach, made use of a mixed methodology in regards to its data collection, for which an acceptability test was applied and whose quantitative results were taken as initial leads about the research question. The research was also based on a semi structured and recorded interview, which was later, transcribed and analyzed with the theoretical background from Discourse Analysis. The research instruments consider the discussion of this paper the discourse position of the linguistic identity, which the subject occupies when uttering and consequently making in his speech the resound of other speeches. Besides, performing in discourse the meanings of a “comforting place” sometimes associated to the use of more typologically different forms, and sometimes related to the use of more similar forms between Portuguese and Spanish. The elaboration meanings of “removal of the undesirable” as a way of preventing the “mistake” and the confusion. The last ones metonymized as portunhol; the production of images of [+ formality] and of [- formality]; the actualization of the idea of “Spanish as a language of diphthongs”. Besides, the glimpsing of a subject caught in a Discourse Formation that provides the preferred utterance by the similarity between the languages as way of not risking too much. While at the same time, it provides the preferred utterances through the most distinct structures in relation to the mother tongue as way of inscribing legitimately in the language of the other.