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Por uma Terapia Ocupacional não opressora: percepções e experiências de terapeutas ocupacionais sobre papéis sociais de gênero e suas práticas profissionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-27)
Gomes, Fernanda Desuó
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Silva, Carla Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6417501858864106
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5670491631377605
This research is quanti-qualitative and has as its theme the conceptions of gender in the context of practices in Occupational Therapy from a decolonial feminist perspective. It aimed to analyze the perceptions of occupational therapists about gender and their experiences about social roles based on sex/gender during their professional practices. For data collection, a form with multiple-choice questions and space for comments and descriptive reports was produced. The research had the participation of occupational therapists who have been working for at least two years in any region of Brazil and in different areas of Occupational Therapy, in order to identify the possible reproduction in professional practices of hegemonic power systems (status quo) and norms in relation to social roles, as well as possible discussions and reflections triggered by this theme. The presentation and analysis of quantitative data was performed through tabulations in the Microsoft Excel® program, while the answers arising from the open questions were grouped according to associated themes: a) concepts about gender; b) how gender norms and roles are represented in Occupational Therapy practices and c) reflections by professionals in relation to this theme. The results were discussed under the light of the theoretical references of Occupational Therapy and a decolonial feminist perspective, pointing to the urgency of deepening gender issues in the field of Occupational Therapy in order to contribute to the production of transformative knowledge and practices, centred on social rights and in the plurality and diversity of existences and daily lives.
Avaliação de severidade quanto à resistência ao crestamento bacteriano comum em painel de feijões carioca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-27)
Barbosa, Caio Cesar Ferrari
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Stolf, Rubismar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7528980384813512
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important components of the Brazilian diet, as it is an excellent source of protein, and the incidence of diseases is one of the most important factors that affect its productivity. Common bacterial blight (CBC) is the main bacterium that affects this crop. Symptoms of BCC are observable throughout the plant, affecting from the seeds to the leaves. Tissue infection occurs through natural openings such as stomata and wounds. In this experiment, leaf incisions were made with scissors previously sterilized on the two primary leaves. Lesions are characterized by flabby tissue and surrounded by a narrow lemon-yellow ring. Resistance to BCC in common bean is a complex and quantitative characteristic, resulting from the interaction of several genes. The objective was to evaluate the severity of resistance of BCC disease using a Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Phaseoli (Xap 19) in a diversity panel of 149 bean genotypes from Rio de Janeiro. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with seeds planted in 800ml pots with substrate. The experimental design was of 3 randomized blocks, with 149 treatments used, with 3 replications for each variety (149x3). The inoculation took place 10 days after planting the seeds and the evaluation was carried out 10 days after inoculation (total of 20 days). For statistical analysis, the Scott-Knott test was used. At the end of the project, the results were obtained that 85% of the genotypes were considered susceptible and only 15% moderately resistant, taking into account the severity parameter developed by RAVA in 1984 and the statistical analysis of the Scott-Knott test, was possible to conclude that there was a significant difference between the treatments.
Uso de aplicativos para o ensino de Matemática na EJA: possibilidades e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Rossi, Nara Venâncio
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Fernandes, Jarina Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6612611612919706
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7288550142825245
This final course paper aims to investigate the possibilities of using applications for the development of digital skills, mathematical literacy skills and learning satisfaction in EJA classes described in articles, dissertations and monographs. A qualitative, bibliographical research of exploratory nature was carried out, for data analysis the steps of reading by Gil (2017) were followed. As a result, we have that the use of applications contributed to the development of skills by providing means of accessing the internet and the use of computers and cell phones, by promoting reflection on how technology contributes to solving problems; to provide reflection on the different ways that Mathematics is inserted in people's lives, its usefulness and contributions; understand concepts and master procedures necessary to know how to do mathematics; by arousing students' interest and curiosity, combined with useful and meaningful knowledge. It is concluded that the use of applications for teaching mathematics in EJA brings more possibilities than challenges.
Avaliação agronômica de variedades e híbridos de brócolo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Colombo, Gustavo Henrique
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Sala, Fernando César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3682371647989485
Broccoli is a vegetable originally cultivated in regions with mild climate, a factor that makes so that its offer may be harmed by climatic variations resulting from the seasons of the year and the growing regions. Cultivars adapted to greater thermal amplitudes are already found in the Brazilian market, however, on a smaller scale, emphasizing the importance of of genetic improvement in the development of tropicalized cultivars that bring innovations to the vegetable market. That said, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance production of experimental hybrids of tropicalized purple broccoli, originated in UFSCar/Araras vegetable genetic improvement program, compared to varieties and commercial hybrids. The test took place in the city of Araras/SP, between 02/03/2020 and 07/08/2020, under a randomized block design with 3 replications and 11 genotypes, totaling 33 plots each consisting of 4 plants. The analyzed cultivars were commercial cultivars Hanapon, Hanabi, Seattle, Piracicaba, Santana, Calabrese and Goliath, and the experimental hybrids named 182, 132, 151 and 401. The mass parameters were evaluated total freshness, number of harvests carried out, number of secondary inflorescences, radius of main and secondary inflorescences, as well as length and diameter of the peduncles major and minor. The results were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test, obtaining means for the genotypes whose differences were compared through the test of Scott-Knott at 5% significance. The results obtained showed the suitability of the hybrids experimental 182, 132, 151 and 401, for planting during the summer in the state of São Paulo. Hybrid 182 stood out, which performed better than the commercial hybrid Hanapon regarding the total fresh mass and the number of secondary inflorescences, being similar to the hybrid Hanabi in these same parameters and, still, not showing segregation for the color and granulometry characteristics. Therefore, it was found that the experimental hybrid 182 is suitable for the growing conditions of the country, configuring a F1 hybrid of tropicalized purple broccoli, a new cultivar for the Brazilian market.
Famosos que leem: uma análise discursiva de enunciações orgulhosas ou envergonhadas acerca da leitura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Fernandes, Suélen Maira Xavier
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Santos, Rafael Borges Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0304920379486430
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Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
This undergraduate thesis, a work of course conclusion, inserted in the research project conducted by Profa. Dr. Luzmara Curcino, entitled “Proud readers, shamed readers: emotions in discourses about reading”, aims to raise and constitute a very specific corpus of statements about reading, obtained from interviews with famous people and published in national newspapers and magazines from different segments, available on the internet. We search in which there some mention, motivated (when, due to a question, they were asked to talk about themselves), or spontaneous (when even without being asked about it, they issued comments) about the reading or about themselves as readers. More specifically, we selected statements in which was expressed some emotions in relation to reading and the reading condition, like 'pride', 'shame' and, eventually, 'nostalgia'. In this work we constitute a concise and specific corpus of statements in which these emotions about reading were expressed in interviews given by nationally known personalities from the cultural field. Supported by some principles of Discourse Analysis and Cultural History of Reading, we observe how, in terms of reading, certain statements can be polemically received, require retraction, and became a reason for the 'shame' by their enunciators, or, on the other hand, became a sufficient reason for the display of 'pride' of being a reader.
Perspectivas do aprendizado de máquina no ensino da Engenharia Química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Ishida, Denise Miki Tawaraya
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Lima, Alice Medeiros de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4916944201122614
Machine learning is an area of Artificial Intelligence that can predict results from a large set of data. Therefore, many areas are already benefiting from this new technology, such as credit analysis companies that use this mechanism for fraud detection, entertainment services for a recommendation system and in medicine for disease diagnosis. Currently, machine learning is not very often used in Chemical Engineering, but there are some studies with applications in the area that demonstrate that it can be a tool with great potential for Chemical Engineering. This work is a bibliographical review to understand more about machine learning, what is the learning process, the main tools and studies to exemplify these possible applications of machine learning in Chemical Engineering and emphasize its importance. Because of this potential, it is interesting to approach the subject in the learning of Chemical Engineering so students can have greater contact with machine learning and apply this knowledge in the industry. With this in mind, this work suggests some changes in the curriculum of Chemical Engineering students at Universidade Federal de São Carlos to include machine learning in the Chemical Engineering education
Simulação e análise técnico-econômica do processo de bi-reforma do metano para produção do gás de síntese
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Zarif, Francisco Goldenberg
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Lima, Alice Medeiros de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2621204286081796
Considering the multiple uses syngas has as an intermediate for products with higher monetary value, it is natural that there should be a lot of effort to optimize its production. In this scenario, alternative chemical routes have been studied as substitutes to the traditional methane reforming, followed by its transformation into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in order to guarantee the ideal proportion of each component to its main goal, whether in the production of fuels, ammonia, methanol or any other product that is derived from syngas. This study had the objective to study the bi-reforming process from methane prevenient from natural gas, one of the alternatives to the traditional reforming with the best results so far. In order to achieve this goal, a brief research about the state of the art of this process was made, followed by simulations using Aspen Plus V10©, with process conditions obtained from the literature. The results from the simulation were then combined with an economic analysis, which lead to conclusions about the economic viability of a bi-reforming industrial plant, as well as to proves regarding its advantages in comparison to other syngas production methods, with the main goal to contribute to the advances in this research field.
Violência baseada na expressão de gênero e de orientação sexual na Educação Física: professores e professoras como agentes de prevenção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Freitas, Milena de Bem Zavanella
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Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5233854244313683
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9811892012393598
School violence is a growing and multiple phenomenon that affects people's lives in different ways. Scientific production shows that the expression of gender and sexual orientation is related to the increased risk of being a victim of violence and bullying in schools. This research promotes a dialogue between scientific evidence and the collaboration of Physical Education teachers for the prevention of violence, focusing on gender and sexual orientation. Therefore, the general objective was to structure fundamental knowledge that corresponds to training programs for Physical Education teachers, in order to qualify agents for preventing violence, especially violence based on gender and sexual orientation, through dialogue between Physical Education teachers and the scientific contributions to solving these problems. The articulation between the results of this research and scientific productions on violence allows us to claim the presence of specific knowledge in the initial training process, as well as the promotion of community training for prevention work. Among the fundamental knowledge for the prevention of violence, this research highlights the importance of interactions and socialization processes for the maintenance or overcoming of violence. Through preventive socialization, it is possible to educate children and young people, especially peer groups and friends, as essential factors in the work of preventing and overcoming violence. We also consider that the contents of Physical Education can be treated by the principles of dialogic learning and through Successful Educational Actions, especially interactive groups and dialogic model of prevention and conflict resolution. These paths are presented as concrete possibilities, considering that they are already serving as a basis for work developed in the area, especially due to the validation they have in view of the improvement in learning and overcoming conflicts and violence.
Uso de processos industriais alternativos para promover a economia circular na indústria química: estudo de caso na indústria de fertilizantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Defrein, Bruna
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Bernardo, André
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6494446888242212
The concept of a Circular Economy has attracted worldwide attention in recent years due to the increasing need for sustainable production and consumption patterns in social, environmental and economic aspects. The Circular Economy is seen as an alternative to the current linear economic model, which uses the “take-make-dispose” industrial model and causes several negative impacts, such as environmental degradation, industrial waste and high CO2 emissions. The transition from linear to circular model is fostered by Industrial Ecology through the analysis of material and energy flows of industrial systems in closed cycles, in which industrial waste serves as input for other processes, thus eliminating the concept of undesirable by-product. The chemical industry and its technological innovations can accelerate this transition due to the enormous influence on many upstream and downstream production chains, such as the fertilizer industry. Nitrogen is the basis for these fertilizers and it is converted to ammonia by the Haber Bosch synthesis. This work was developed to study two different ammonia production processes which use alternative technologies, water electrolysis and chemical looping process, that can be adopted to accelerate the transition from the linear model to the Circular Economy model in the nitrogen-based fertilizers production. The positive and negative aspects of these processes were analyzed, comparing them to the conventional process. Both alternative processes are able to reduce or eliminate the negative impacts of the conventional ammonia production process according to the circular economy concept and investment is needed to develop these technologies to be applied on a large commercial scale.
Leitura em tempos da pandemia da COVID-19: uma análise da campanha #juntospelolivro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Mariano, Laura Andreoli
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Varella, Simone Garavello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2960953221144305
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Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
As a society, we share a common representation of what it is to “be a reader”, that comes from a historically, socially and culturally constituted “discursive memory” about reading. In 2019, we witnessed an important downturn in the Brazilian economy, rising unemployment and a labor reform with relevant losses of rights on the part of workers. This economic crisis was accompanied, in 2020, by the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this scenario, several commercial sectors became even more fragile, such as the book sector. Then, the campaign #juntospelolivro was created, conceived by approximately 100 small and medium entrepreneurs in the book and publishing sector. This campaign had national circulation through Instagram and aimed to encourage reading habits and thus supporting the book trade. Besides, it consisted of a series of publications in the form of "posts" with this hashtag. With the analysis of these posts, we aim to analyze the discourses about reading and the reader mobilized in it. For this, we will analyze the verbal and non-verbal languages of these posts, as well as the argumentative strategies used. Our analysis is theoretically and methodologically based on principles of Discourse Analysis and Cultural History of Reading, as well as on studies by Brazilians researchers on reading. Among the results obtained in our analysis, we observed that, in these posts, we frequently resorted to the presentation of reading printed books as a healthy practice in this scenario of pandemic and social isolation. The posts of this campaign made special use of representations of reading as a form of “entertainment and hobby”, “therapy in times of pandemic”, and “company and antidote against loneliness” in times of social isolation. Thus, in a peculiar way to what we generally see about reading, we have more often found medical and therapeutic fields lexicon emerge in the characterization of this practice.
Comparação de modelos para o cálculo da porosidade local em simulações CFD-DEM de um leito fluidizado líquido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Ogasawara, Enos Yuiti
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Ferreira, Victor Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8310610122680273
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Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061
In the present study, a liquid fluidized bed was simulated using the Unresolved CFD-DEM approach, evaluating the application of three local void fraction calculation methods with six refinement levels for the mesh used in the simulations. Different fluid flow rates were tested for the possible combinations between method and mesh refinement levels: 35 L/min, 55 L/min and 75 L/min. The CFDEM®coupling software was used for the simulations. For the results analysis, the average void fraction values obtained in the simulations were compared to the values predicted by the Richardson-Zaki empirical equation. The local pressure fluctuation and the net mass flow rate were also monitored. Finally, the most satisfactory method applied was identified, as well as the most satisfactory mesh refinement level. Based on the results, it is recommended, for this solid-fluid flow, the use of the so called ‘Divided’ method with the 5-5-120 mesh, specifically regarding the agreement with the Richardson-Zaki equation, in which the errors presented were 1,35%, -1,42% and -1,39% for the flow rates of 35 L/min, 55 L/min and 75 L/min, respectively. In addition, the ‘Divided’ method also showed superior stability with respect to the local pressure fluctuation, once the average pressure values, for a given flow rate, were more similar between different grid refinement levels compared to the other local void fraction calculation methods, the ‘Divided’ method also showed smaller standard deviation in pressure fluctuations when compared to the other methods. Concerning the net mass flow rate, the conclusions conflicted. With 75 L/min, it can be observed that the bigger the mesh refinement level, the smaller the errors, for all methods. With 55 L/min, the 5-5-120 to 8-8-180 meshes showed better results, while for 35 L/min, the best result was observed for the 4-4-100 mesh.
Levantamento de dados do açúcar VHP e boas práticas de fabricação para sua comercialização no mercado interno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Zacharias, Lucas Rakauskas
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Valsechi, Octavio Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2072744263052505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2072744263052505
The growth of the sugar-energy sector has increased over the years, and there is an increasing demand for more accessible and healthier foods. VHP sugar is one of the products most exported by Brazilian mills today, with the aim of serving as raw material for the production of refined sugar. The objective of the work is to carry out a survey of data on VHP sugar listing the best practices for its manufacture, in order to propose its commercialization in the domestic market.
Síntese de metanol via hidrogenação do dióxido de carbono: modelagem e otimização no simulador DWSIM
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Leandro Junior, Adilson Oliveira
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Lima, Alice Medeiros de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8325538320621084
As one of the main causes of the greenhouse effect and global warming, carbon dioxide (CO2) must have its emissions progressively controlled over the years. In this context, it is interesting that it is used as a raw material for obtaining products of commercial interest, such as methanol. In this paper, a simulation of a methanol production process from the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide was performed, using the DWSIM simulator, which is an open-source, free and multiplatform software. In the simulation, some variables were chosen to be optimized in order to make the process more competitive against the traditional methanol synthesis route and to study which parameters influence the process viability. The production costs of the ton of methanol produced via hydrogenation obtained ranged from U$ 325 to U$ 1031 depending on the hydrogen source. Strategically, the direct hydrogenation of CO2 has the potential to be used as an attached process to chemical and industrial plants that have carbon dioxide as a by-product. The main challenges are the costs of obtaining hydrogen, the relatively higher energy costs and the search for efficient and viable catalysts.
A escola inclusiva na perspectiva de estudantes com surdez público da educação de jovens e adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Alecrim, Sumara Barbosa
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2791098416503955
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2001116402433261
The fight for the right to education for the Target Public of Special Education (PAEE) has come a long way and this context encompasses Youth and Adult Education (EJA). Reflecting on the proposal of inclusive schools, social movements and the State's attempts to guarantee education for all, this research aimed to analyze the access, permanence, Specialized Educational Service (AEE) and the learning of deaf students in EJA. This is a research with a qualitative approach, at a descriptive level, with a case study design. Two deaf students enrolled in EJA, in a regular school in a city in the interior of São Paulo, participated. In data collection, semi-structured interviews and document review were used as instruments. For data analysis, the principles of the Collective Subject Discourse analysis were used, allowing the organization of the contents. We obtained the construction of five categories: accessibility, permanence, specialized educational service, learning and perspective, based on elements and characteristics in common between the sources. Data were analyzed and discussed in conjunction with the theoretical frameworks used. The results show that, considering the document search, the public policy on education is based on legislation in order to meet the needs of people and guarantee their rights, and also that, from the movement of society, this policy can create other laws, decrees, deliberations, regulations, guidelines for the benefit of all, or a majority, at the national and municipal levels. But considering what deaf students say about their educational experience, these laws still do not meet them, the school is not inclusive, access to communication, information, interaction, learning, assessment, specialized educational care, resources adapted materials and teaching materials are not possible. The conclusions, according to these sayings, trigger some inferences about the means or “channels” for disclosing information and rights and about the fulfillment of the role of the inspection bodies in the execution of public policy
Panorama de expansão de geração de energia através de painéis fotovoltaicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Bianco Neto, Arnaldo
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Albuquerque, Andrei Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9667573506903226
Starting with a brief explanation about the excitation of electrons in valence and conduction band when a pn junction of a silicon crystal semiconductor with impurities is enlightened, which its working state in reverse bias is similar to the one of a diode, the theory that allows the usage of solar modules to create tension and current was developed, as well as the maximum power point under work. Following in an technical and objective manner, a small sized installation project for households was designed under few simple premises and that were able to supply the average residential consumption for any of the country’s geographic areas so that it allows to determine where would happen the minor and major impacts of such installation of a decentralized generating power unit regardless of its proportions. Through official government ministry’s data, future value expectancy information was extracted, from both electrical bills and consumption. It let testing and project’s validation that it was capable of providing sufficient electrical power to the average residential consumption even though there is variability in the solar radiation on the territory. North and Northeast regions had the highest and lowest relative raises in the bills’ prices (before taxes) until the suggested mark at the year of 2028. With the targets for a full analysis completely defined, economic viability indicators for both were observed, such as internal return rate and discounted payback time for a minimum attractive rate of return based on the review of a wind project (Macedo, Albuquerque e Moralles, 2015). The North hit an internal rate of return of 12,83% with a discounted payback time of 9 years and 8 months for an amount of produced energy able to supply for over two average households in the region. However, in the Northeast, the internal rate of return was 7,01% and the time it took to pay the invested capital was 13 years and 1 month, nonetheless it was capable to supply around three houses with an average consumption that was found. Lastly, the environment is conducive to sustain the growth rate seen in the literature review by many reasons that aren’t all related to an strategical economical decision and this mood could be backed up by certain political choices highlighted in this and other researches on the Brazilian energy matrix.
Cultura empreendedora nas áreas de ciências exatas e tecnológicas da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Oliveira, Maísa Maryelli de
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Amaral, Roniberto Morato do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6958372164719600
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6197410032820199
This research is based on the concept of entrepreneurial university and its role in stimulating and supporting student entrepreneurship, especially the knowledge-intensive one, technologically based and with social impact. Fulfilling this role requires the institution to know what students think, their habits, interests, experiences and assessments, in order to develop or adapt initiatives related to entrepreneurship, build dialogues and establish effective actions. Thus, this thesis had the general objective of investigating aspects of the culture of undergraduates at the Center for Exact Sciences and Technology (CCET) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), which, by itself and in association with contextual factors, may have influence on their entrepreneurial intention. Regarding the method, it consisted of a predominantly descriptive, qualitative and quantitative research. The procedure adopted for data collection was the online survey and the instrument, a questionnaire, which was applied between August 31st and September 30th, 2020. Participants were defined by accessibility sampling, totaling 173 university students, from 13 undergraduate courses of the CCET at UFSCar, mainly from Engineering degrees. In the analysis of the data collected, qualitative and quantitative variables were used, applying Pearson’s Chi Square Test and Fisher’s Exact Test and the using RStudio software, version 4.0.0 (2020- 04-24). The survey identified students with habits of conversation, information consumption, participation in events and visitation to spaces related to entrepreneurship and showed that there is evidence that these habits are associated with the entrepreneurial intention of undergraduates. But it also revealed that, according to the students’ perception, UFSCar hardly contributes to feeding and maintain such habits and experiences. The dialogues about entrepreneurship take place predominantly with parents, family and friends, institutional channels are rarely consulted as a source of information and the events in which students participate take place mainly outside the academy. Despite the sense that there is an institutional scenario of little incentive, 41% of respondents intend to start their own business after graduation and, of these, 74.6% are considering creating a technology-based company and/or startup, having as themes of interest those fundamentally related to the generation of social and environmental impact, such as: smart and sustainable cities, creative economy, circular economy and education. We conclude, based on the discussion of the results achieved, that it was possible to advance in the understanding of how an entrepreneurial university can both improve its actions of attraction, training and support, as well as educate undergraduates for an ethical, solidary, collaborative and responsible entrepreneurial performance, by investigating students’ perceptions on five dimensions: 1) Education and training; 2) Entrepreneurial ability; 3) Cultural and social norms; 4) Structure and information; and 5) Science, Technology, Entrepreneurship and Society.
Estratégias de pré-tratamento de biomassa lignocelulósica para melhorar a produção de biogás e bioquímicos em biorrefinarias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Nakaema, Hugo
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Rosa, Paula Rúbia Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4284223404098079
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9889069434704566
The search for sustainability and for alternative sources that minimize the environmental impacts associated with conventional sources of energy and chemicals has been growing and gaining more and more space in the current world scenario. Studies regarding the search for profitable and effective solutions for the reuse of waste have been on the rise in recent years, especially those that use lignocellulosic biomass from agribusiness. These wastes can be treated through anaerobic digestion as a way to reduce environmental impacts and energy use. However, due to the complexity of the existing interactions in the lignocellulosic structure, it is necessary to use pre-treatments that perform the dissociation or disruption of constituents (cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose) of lignocellulosic biomass. In this context, this work aims to evaluate the pretreatment methods developed for the main feedstocks in biorefineries, which is a crucial step to trigger and enable the production of biogas resulting from anaerobic digestion, highlighting the effectiveness, limitations and challenges of these techniques. Among the existing techniques, microwave, ultrasonic and combined pretreatment are promising, mainly for their high effectiveness on a variety of lignocellulosic biomass. For the same substrate, wheat straw, the steam explosion method resulted in the highest methane yield by providing a 94.5% increase in gas production. Regarding hydrogen, the microwave pretreatment showed higher production compared to other methods, producing a total of 131.7 mL of H2/g substrate. Although the studies reported in this review show the increase in biogas yield when the pretreatments are used, the use of these techniques on an industrial scale is still a challenge due to the obstacles concerning the process and the structure of the lignocellulosic biomass.
Transformações nos perfis dos reitores e presidentes de instituições de ensino superior da região sudeste brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Freitas, Rafael de
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Silva, Márcio Rogério
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6859176963189141
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Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
This paper investigates the transformations in the last 30 years in the Rectors' and Presidents' profiles of higher education institutions in the southeastern region of Brazil based on the analysis of their trajectories. It uses as theoretical reference the contributions of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and his studies on the university field in order to identify possible changes in the forms of capital accumulation in these institutions. For this study, a prosopographical research was carried out based on data obtained from the Lattes curricula and, for data analysis, the technique of multiple correspondence analysis - MCA - was applied. A change was observed especially in the rectors of federal universities, who proceeded to have a trajectory of greater accumulation of scientific capital and university management.
Avaliação da levedura rizoférica Torulaspora globosa como indutora de resistência sistêmica em milho contra o patógeno Fusarium verticillioides
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Colombini, Fernanda de Sousa
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Rosa-Magri, Márcia Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8540782774506115
In maize, one of the most consumed vegetables in the world, numerous applications of agrochemicals are used to control phytopathogens that cause damage to human health and the environment. Among the main diseases affecting the crop, the fungus Fusarium verticillioides is responsible for causing root, stem and ear rot, in addition to causing damage to stored grains. Plants, naturally exposed to environmental stresses, have defense mechanisms that remain inactive or latent until triggered by adverse conditions. One of these mechanisms is known as Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR). Chemical agents such as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or biological agents such as plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPM) can be used to trigger ISR. Although several works show the potentialities of ISR by PGPB, the study of the action of yeasts responsible for such mechanisms is still not completely elucidated. Considering the above, this study aimed to evaluate the capacity of the rhizospheric yeast Torulaspora globosa (strain 6S01) to trigger ISR in maize, in order to promote an immune response to the phytopathogen F. verticillioides. Therefore, maize plants were grown in pots, in a greenhouse, where they received the following treatments (at planting and from 4 days after emergence, every two days, for 11 days, totaling 7 applications): control (saline solution 0.85%), ASA solution (100mg/L), yeast cells (1x105 cells/ml) and yeast metabolites (filtered from the yeast growth medium for 48 hours). Treatments were applied with a spray bottle (5 ml/plant). After finishing the application of treatments, the plants were inoculated with 1ml of suspension of spores of the pathogen F. verticillioides (1x106 spores/ml). Ten days after fungus inoculation, the plants were analyzed for the degree of severity of symptoms of rot, plant development and activity of enzymes related to the plant defense system. The results show that, with the application of T. globosa yeast cells, systemic resistance was induced in maize plants, similarly to the use of ASA. The inoculation of yeast cells provided infected plants with less symptoms of rot and with greater activity for enzymes related to plant resistance. Therefore, it is concluded that the species of T. globosa (strain 6S01) has great potential to be used in agriculture as a plant protection agent, contributing to the decrease in the use of fungicides in the field and maintenance of plant productivity under conditions of stress.
O cotidiano de pessoas em uso problemático de álcool e outras drogas e a terapia ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-28)
Faria, Paula de Fátima Oliveira
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Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8121264125922144
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8497965429391536
As it is a cross-cutting theme in several areas such as health, justice, education, social assistance and development, the problematic use of alcohol and other drugs requires an understanding of the factors that make up the daily lives of people who do such use. The concept of daily life is understood as a key-concept that refers to the production of knowledge and practices in occupational therapy, and is linked to the research theme that we proposed to investigate. The research was developed through two complementary studies, Study 1 aimed to investigate the role of occupational therapists with people in psychological distress resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs, focusing on daily life. Study 2 had as general objective to understand the daily life of people in psychological distress resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs linked to a CAPS AD (Alcohol and Drugs Psychosocial Care Center), from their perspective. Study 1 was based on the investigation of the performance of occupational therapists in the state of São Paulo, CAPS AD workers, focusing on the daily lives of people who make problematic use of alcohol and other drugs. Study 2 was based on contact with people who make problematic use of alcohol and other drugs linked to a CAPS AD in the interior of the state of São Paulo, through participant observation. Data collection for Study 1 was based on a semi-structured questionnaire sent by email with the Google Forms link. For data collection from Study 2, field diary records and complementary open interviews were used. Twelve occupational therapists working at CAPS AD in the state of São Paulo participated in Study 1, and in Study 2, six people with problematic use of alcohol and other drugs. The data produced were analyzed using thematic analysis, and for the analysis of Study 2 we anchored in the perspective of Agnes Heller's Theory of Everyday Life.The results of Study 1 pointed to five categories of analysis: Concept of Daily Life; Territory conception and performance in the perspective of daily life; Daily Activities and Occupations; The Centrality of Alcohol and Other Drugs in Daily Life and Stigma. The vast majority of occupational therapists reported that understanding, problematizing and expanding the daily life of people in psychological distress due to the problematic use of alcohol and other drugs is an ethical-political challenge, making it necessary to identify the immediacy of the AD clinic and expand care beyond the survival of these people through the rescue of life history, affections, desire and creation. The results of Study 2 revealed that people with problematic use of alcohol and other drugs perceive themselves as stigmatized, link the use to the context of violence, experienced mainly in family relationships, as well as the lack of guarantee of basic rights in childhood is directly related to living on the street. They refer that the context of gender and police violence mark their daily lives. The reports registered that the CAPS AD works in the daily life of this population, guaranteeing rights and encouraging protagonism and, finally, they showed the means found for survival on the street, in relation to basic rights such as housing, food, among others. We hope that this research can help to understand the daily lives of people in psychological distress resulting from the problematic use of alcohol and other drugs and contribute to directing Occupational Therapy actions focusing on the daily lives of this population.