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Detecção de postagens com informações falsas sobre a pandemia do Covid-19 na rede social Instagram
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-05)
Cabral, Mateus Oliveira
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8893072052840604
This dissertation addresses the detection of false information on Instagram, the social network that has been growing more and more compared to other social media platforms. Because it is a social network with multimedia content (image, video and text), but with an emphasis on posting photos, there are few scientific research on the impacts of posts with false information that this network provides on society. This happens mainly in times of political elections or in historical events, when there is a great demand for information. Therefore, this Master’s research had as its domain the health area, with emphasis on the subject of the COVID-19 pandemic, a subject of extreme importance and big social impact. Many studies address various techniques for identifying fake news articles and/or fake posts on social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and Whatsapp.Some studies focus on the content of the news, other studies focus on the social context through information from social networks that involves sentiment analysis, while for other studies the focus is on the temporal, which is also very much analyzed on the dynamics of posts on the social network. In this Master’s research, the source chosen to extract study data has a functional dynamic that is completely different from other social networks. Sharing the phenomena that impact the dispersion of news on social media does not work in the same way on Instagram. In addition, the posted images may contain text within the images, which creates the need to use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) based tools to extract the texts, and only then compare the extracted information in posts in Portuguese to classify whether it is false or true information. Another problem, in addition to the lack of research on false information related to Instagram, is the existence of few content datasets in Portuguese for analysis and benchmark of false information detection models, especially those containing images. The aim of this Master’s research was to investigate the detection of posts in Portuguese with false information about the COVID-19 pandemic on the Instagram social network. In this sense, the research resulted in the proposal of a machine learning model that allows the detection of false information. In addition, this research performed the compilation of a dataset related to COVID-19 to be made available for future investigations into fake content on the Instagram social network. The model was validated through experimental tests with real data. The results showed an accuracy between 96% and 99% in detecting posts with false information about COVID-19.
Análise de uma implementação distribuída do algoritmo de detecção de novidade em fluxos de Dados MINAS para detecção de intrusão em um ambiente de névoa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-05)
Puhl de Souza, Luís Henrique
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Senger, Hermes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3691742159298316
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6871990866953300
The ongoing implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) is sharply increasing the number and variety of small devices on edge networks. Likewise, the attack opportunities for hostile agents also grows, requiring more effort from network administrators and strategies to detect and react to those threats. For a network security system to operate in the context of fog and IoT, it has to comply with processing, storage, and energy requirements alongside traditional requirements for stream and network analysis like accuracy and scalability. Using a previously defined architecture (IDSA-IoT), we address the construction and evaluation of a support mechanism for distributed Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) based on the MINAS Data Stream Novelty Detection algorithm. We discuss the algorithm steps, how it can be deployed in a distributed environment, the impacts on the accuracy, and evaluate performance and scalability using a cluster of constrained devices commonly found in IoT scenarios. The obtained results show equivalent metrics in the distributed version but also a reduction in the execution time using low-profile devices. Although not efficient, the parallel version showed to be viable as the proposed granularity provides equivalent accuracy and the same response times.
Mapeamento do fluxo de valor: obstáculos, potencialidades e benefícios na cafeicultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-05)
Carrijo, Pâmella Rodrigues Silva
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197899217674401
Lean Production has been standing out, especially in the industry, as a strategy to increase productivity. However, there is a great potential for the use of its tools and principles in other economic sectors, such as, for example, the agriculture and cattle raising sector. Aiming to contribute to the effort to explore this potential, this dissertation has as general objective to propose adaptations to the Value Stream Mapping tool (VSM) of the Lean Production System to the agricultural production, more specifically to the coffee culture. Therefore, a case study was conducted in a coffee producing farm, located in the southeast region of the country, aiming to collect the necessary data for the construction of maps adapted to the tool. The VSM tool was chosen through a systematic literature review, which identified and analyzed the use of the Lean Production System in agriculture, seeking to determine the tools used with greater recurrence in rural production. Based on the data collected with the case study, it was possible to identify obstacles, potentialities, and benefits of using the proposed tool. A graphic presentation of the Current and Future State Map proposed by the research was presented, as well as propositions that attempted to demonstrate how the tool can help reduce waste in the coffee culture. The adaptations proposed in this study aimed to adapt the tool to an agricultural context, resulting in a visual agricultural process mapping model which is easy to apply. The research concluded that the VSM tool can also be used in agriculture, more specifically in the coffee culture, as suggested in the literature.
Recurso didático como facilitador no ensino de genética: uma perspectiva no campo da inclusão educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-05)
Antonio, Bárbara Cunha Padilha
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
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Peripato, Andréa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0657713343451089
The New Biology has had a lot of visibility in the media. This theme integrates current technologies related to DNA and their new applications in the field of genetics. Any questioning about the scientific advance in technologies related to this area has guided ethical and social issues to the scientific world. Several studies related to teaching in the area of genetics converge in saying that this is considered difficult for students to learn, including students with vision difficulties. Thus, it is important to apply methodologies and use tools that support their understanding. In this context, didactic resources are great options as aids for content consolidation and to allow students to interact in the classroom, also helping in educational inclusion. The present work had as its general objective to verify the understanding of the difficulties and possibilities by Science and Biology teachers, from public and private schools, about an inclusive teaching resource elaborated from low-cost materials, designed for people with visual impairment - blind or with low vision - built to assist in learning a genetics content in basic education classrooms. The resource was made to work on concepts from Mendel's first law, with emphasis on the genotype/phenotype and dominance/recessiveness relationship. The phenotype selected was sensitivity to Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC). Styrofoam spheres and biscuit dough were used for its construction to represent the cell and its receptor, and biscuit with adhered beads to represent the genotypes (chromosomes/alleles). Data were obtained through an online questionnaire in order to obtain the teachers' evaluations (n=10) about the resource, and for its analysis the methodological instrument of Content Analysis by Laurence Bardin (2002) was used. As primary results of the research, it was found that the constructed didactic resource can be an important element that facilitates the understanding of concepts considered complex, of abstractions, promoting a more significant learning, which may help in inclusion and requiring initial and continued training in addition to planning teachers to use and build effective resources.
Dispositivos computacionais e paralisia cerebral: uma revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-05)
Oliveira, Amanda Bueno de
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Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7843070934483107
Introduction: Upon the advances on the use and development of technologies over the past decades, the access to the computer has been expanded and employed as a tool for literacy, socialization, leisure, communication, memory and ensuring greater accessibility and autonomy to users with disabilities, such as cerebral palsy. Distinct software and hardware adaptations can be implemented to guarantee that, taking notice of solutions that best adjust to the individual’s skills and the settings that surround their daily life, as the clinic, home and school. Knowing that the computer can be employed as Assistive Technology (AT) or accessed through an AT device, and understanding the potencial these interactions hold, one of the qualified professionals to mediate the selection and training in the use of the selected resources is the occupation therapist. Aim: This study aimed to identify in the national and international literature how the use of computing devices by cerebral palsy users is depicted, comprehending the stipulated goal of the user’s computer use in the intervention process and which devices mediate that access; another objective was identifying the participation of Occupational Therapy in the studies. Methods: Being described as a systematic review of the literature, the search occurred in March of 2021, detecting records published from 2016 to 2020, through the Portal de Periódicos da CAPES and SciELO databases; the articles were screened based on PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of 102 articles were identified, considering the chosen keywords in portuguese and english, amongst those, 31 records were in the review’s final sample. The texts brought devices and sensors that captured and evaluated the appendicular movement, gaze-based movement and electromagnetic waves as computer access devices, focused on the user’s rehabilitation and communication process. Discussion: Technology’s fast evolution enables it’s continuous adaptation in order to better meet the needs of each user, facilitating their engagement by connecting them with society and presenting a wide range of interactive and accessible activities that permit their autonomy, especially when combined with the training of the device’s use and the inclusion of the user during the process of choosing the device and their objectives towards it. Conclusion and final considerations: Although the study’s limitations, it was possible to see the overall picture of computing device’s use with people with cerebral palsy, unfolding not only the potential of such technologies, but also the adjustments that are still in development to further expand their accessibility.
O conhecimento sobre a ecologia e biodiversidade de aves por alunos do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-05)
Soares, Talita Pereira
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Batisteli, Augusto Florisvaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2107797655834765
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Sarmento, Hugo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515469289999439
The human impact are increasingly intense worldwide, demanding a new attitude from society in relation to the environment. In Brazil, a relationship of greater concern with environmental issues has been growing over the last years. Thus, the importance of having environmental education teaching in scholar curriculum increases in order to create critical and reflective citizens capable of finding a way to reduce the human impact on the environment. This is the objective of Environmental Education in schools, but this theme is still underdeveloped, with a great distance between people and the reality on the ground. Likewise, the popular knowledge of students is little explored in general themes when it comes to the subject of ecology and biology of birds. The objective of this study was to address the knowledge of bird ecology and biology in the seventh year of the elementary school in a state public school in São Carlos, São Paulo state, Brazil. I applied a questionnaire containing subjective and objective questions evidencing the knowledge of the birds of each student. When analyzing the obtained responses, I found that the students had a reasonable knowledge on bird names. Analyzing the answers on bird species identification based on their pictures, in relation to the species cited by them, I noticed that many students could not identify the species cited in the previous question. However, when assessing the questions on the characteristics on the species and their biology, I realized the poor knowledge of the students, which did not corroborate the responses to the questions on identification and citation of species names. This study suggest that better results can reach if the students have an approximation to the ecological and biological concepts that involve their popular knowledge about birds, embracing other curricular topics. In this way, we can build a way in which this generation has a greater understanding of the anthropic impacts that have been happening over thousands of years and how they can change this scenario.
Análise comparativa de benchmarks para banco de dados NoSQL orientados a grafos de propriedades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-06)
Silva, Laís Bethânia Brito
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2331554659302226
The new era of data economics, based on data sets with enormous volume, wide variety of formats, and rapid speed in data production and utilization, has brought the need for new data management structures and methods. Then come Not Only SQL (NoSQL) databases, which provide a new way of storing and retrieving data with features that go beyond relational database management systems. NoSQL databases are divided into four major models: key -value, column-oriented, document-oriented and graph-oriented. They are able to scalably handle the storage and processing of gigantic volumes of data with a flexible format, where manipulations are not exclusively performed through the SQL language. These data sets, many of which, modeled as large graphs, to - a challenge for industry and academia, which has been increasingly committed to research and innovation in the area. Thus, there is a natural increase in demand for performance analysis systems for Graph Oriented NoSQL Databases. This implies the need for new benchmarks capable of testing these new technologies and that guide users to identify tools that best adapt to their applications. Many studies approach the proposal of benchmarks for an analysis of Graph Oriented NoSQL Database systems. However, no study studies the comparison of such benchmarks. Thus, this Master's research work aimed to carry out a comparative analysis of benchmarks for performance evaluation of Graph Oriented NoSQL Databases, with specific emphasis on the property graph model, and thus highlight as main differences between these, in addition to identifying strengths and limitations of each benchmark. Thus, it becomes possible to identify the most appropriate benchmark to analyze the performance of Property Graph-Oriented NoSQL Database systems according to a set of requirements of a specific domain. Application. Among the several existing benchmarks, it was investigated to compare the LDBC SNB, XGDBench, HPC-SGAB, TGDB and Cyclone benchmarks. In general terms, the LDBC-SNB benchmark stood out in relation to the other benchmarks, especially when it comes to query types and performance measures, and because of its tester support for several graph-oriented NoSQL DBMS's.
Andanças, movimentos e luta quilombola no Norte de Minas Gerais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-06)
Costa, Pedro Henrique Mourthé de Araújo
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Vianna, Anna Catarina Morawska
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766
This dissertation is an ethnography of the quilombolas – rural black communities – located in the North region of the State of Minas Gerais, their luta [struggle], movements and an-danças [wayfaring]. Following my quilombola research partners in various events and activ-ities in the world of social movements and undertaking visits and stays in communities from 2016 to 2018 allowed me to understand how the quilombola struggle is done in movement, in the circulation of people, knowledge, things, symbols, practices and traditions. In their wayfaring and caminhadas [walks], the quilombolas take their flags, clothing, ornaments, instruments, songs, gritos de ordem [slogan chanting], prayers and batuque [drumming]. All these elements, which circulate and give form to the struggle, define a particular mode of political engagement. The struggle demands a kind of engagement for which movement is central, being related to various kinds of knowledge, acquired and produced through wayfar-ing. Besides its importance to the region's territorial struggles, wayfaring is also immanent to the quilombola way of life in their territories. In this sense, I try to think of wanderings not only as physical displacements between different places. Instead, the idea is to reflect about these and other movements as a unique way of living and acting in the world. Or ra-ther, a way to dwell the worlds among which they circulate in their struggle.
Efeito da interação de Trissolcus basalis e Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) na efetividade do controle biológico de Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-07)
Bon, Victor José
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Montoya, Carolina Reigada
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5171685489598372
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3324086712238687
Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus basalis are two important parasitoids used as biological control agents for the brown soybug, Euschistus heros. The interaction between these parasitoid species at the field, however, can result in different effectiveness of pest control, depending on the density of the species present and the conditions in which the species find their hosts at the field. This study aimed to analyze the effects of the complexity of interactions that can arise when two parasitoid species interact directly or indirectly during the foraging by E. heros eggs. Through experimental scenarios, the effects of intra and interspecific competition were evaluated in two moments: (i) during simultaneous exploration of parasitoids, that is, when female parasitoids compete directly for non-parasitized eggs and (ii) during sequential exploration of parasitoids, when femeles have found some already parasitized eggs among the available host´s eggs, resulting in offspring competition inside of host egg. In this scenario, female´s behavior was observed for 35minutes, allowing to evaluate the frequency of ovipositions in parasitized eggs. The effects of different type and time of competition interactions between parasitoides on the parasitism rates, viability and emergence patterns of the offspring were evaluated. For simultaneous exploration of parasitoids, the best scenario for control with high rates of emergence rates occurred when T. podisi was the only parasitoid species present in the system. In the presence of T. basalis, the rates of parasitism remained high only when T. podisi was also present, although the emergence rates has been considerably reduced due to multiparasitism. In sequential exploration of parasitoids, T. podisi showed higher rates of parasitism and emergence of offspring due to the greater ability to discriminate eggs previously parasitized by conspecifics. In this scenario, the offspring of the previous parasitism were more successful, however, the competitive interactions inside of eggs led to changes in the patterns of the emergence of the species, as well as the high mortality of the offspring. The type of competition present in parasitoid populations and the time in which it occurs (simultaneous or sequentially) can have direct impact on the effectiveness of short and long-term pest control.
Recursos terapêuticos utilizados por fisioterapeutas brasileiros no alívio da dor do trabalho de parto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-07)
Gonçalves, Alessandra de Campos
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Beleza, Ana Carolina Sartorato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4139635204538357
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Liebano, Richard Eloin
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127
The parturition process is defined as an approach to labor and birth that maximizes the inherent strength and physiology of the woman and fetus, refraining from interventions unless the well-being or safety of both is at risk. There is recognition that pain in labor needs to be relieved, as it can negatively impact both the mother and the fetus. To alleviate pain during the parturition process, pharmacological and non-pharmacological resources are available. We sought to identify the therapies and non-pharmacological resources used by Brazilian physiotherapists to relieve the pain of women in the parturition process. This is a cross-sectional study, using an online questionnaire. Data on the characteristics of study participants and information on the choice of using interventions for pain relief in parturients were collected through an online questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was performed using frequency values (absolute and relative). An association test was also performed between sociodemographic variables and therapies and non-pharmacological resources used for pain relief during the parturition process. One hundred and fourteen physiotherapists working in the field of Obstetrics participated in the study. Among the therapies and resources covered in the questionnaire, it is interesting to note that device-assisted kinesiotherapy was selected by all participants. In addition, we also observed that specialists in Physiotherapy in Women's Health through the CERTAME (COFITO/ABRAFISM) recommend aromatherapy less than professionals without this title (p = 0.008). Brazilian physiotherapists choose to use non-pharmacological therapies and resources for pain relief during labor and delivery that are within the scope of the physiotherapist's practice Kinesiotherapy with the aid of devices is the most used by physical therapists to relieve pain during the parturition process.
“Não nasci rodeada de livros, e sim, rodeada de palavras”: experiências de mulheres negras na UFMS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Sousa, Nayhara Almeida
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Medeiros, Priscila Martins de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021362429861754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3323228102929152
This research aims to understand sociologically the meanings produced by black women, from their experiences as students in undergraduate courses at UFMS, in the period between 2013 and 2018. With this, we seek to interpret the multiple subjective and social effects of these experiences from the context of the implementation of national policies of affirmative action and Law 12.711, 2012. The law, which became known as the "Quotas Law", made it mandatory to adopt quotas with criteria of school origin (public school), race, and income in all federal universities and federal institutes of technical high school education in the country. With the approval of the "Quotas Law", the Brazilian State consolidated and unified what was already a reality in a large part of the public universities, which had been adopting some kind of affirmative action policy since the previous decade. In the case of the UFMS experience, our specific objectives are: a) To understand how black students build their individual and collective experiences of agency within the UFMS. b) To analyze how the UFMS has implemented actions for student access and permanence, within the scope of Law 12.711/2012, with emphasis on its reflections on black women quota holders. This qualitative and exploratory research was conducted through documentary and bibliographic research and interviews to capture the students’ living experiences. Our theoretical and methodological approach is based on the contributions of Postccolonial Studies, Cultural Studies, Black Feminist Epistemology, Cultural Studies and Black Feminist Epistemology.
Modelagem matemática para sínteses enzimáticas de biossurfactantes catalisadas por lipases imobilizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Torres, Alice de Carvalho Lima
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Sousa Júnior, Ruy de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983482879541203
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3634638433614642
Enzymatic reactions of esterification of fatty acids with carbohydrates generate biosurfactants, products with high capacity to reduce surface and interfacial tensions, applicable mainly in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Mathematical modeling, in turn, can be a useful tool, in its different approaches, for the simulation and optimization of enzymatic processes. Thus, this work was carried out in three distinct steps and aimed at the mathematical modeling of enzymatic processes to produce biosurfactants, making use of the application of phenomenological (semi-mechanistic), neural and fuzzy approaches. The phenomenological kinetic model of Ping Pong Bi Bi was fitted to experimental data. For this, kinetic data of the production of biosurfactants by esterification of oleic and lauric acids with fructose and lactose, using immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB-IM-T2-350) and lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL) immobilized on octyl-silica (silanized with octyltriethoxysilane), provided by LabEnz-UFSCar, were used. The classic Levenberg-Marquardt parameter fitting method was applied, resulting in a good correspondence between the proposed model and the experimental data. For validation of the semi-mechanistic model, a new set of experimental data was used, showing excellent predictive capacity of the model. Then, neural kinetic models were built using experimental data of enzymatic esterification of xylose with oleic and/or lauric acids, performed using the biocatalyst CALB-IM-T2-350 and CALB derivatives immobilized on Silica Magnetic Microparticles (SMMPs) with octyl groups (CALB-SMMP-octyl) or with octyl groups plus glutaraldehyde (CALB-SMMP-octyl-glu). Using Matlab Neural Network Toolbox, five artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained, one for each type of biocatalyst and acid, obtaining R-squared values greater than 0.97. As a last effort in neural modeling, two ANNs were fitted (for two of the biocatalysts), each one of them already incorporating, in its inputs, an option referring to the type of acid. The R-squared values, above 0.98, also showed good predictability. Finally, modeling by fuzzy inference systems was studied, using the Neuro Fuzzy Designer tool from ANFIS (Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System) of Matlab. Fuzzy models were built for each of the three biocatalysts under study (CALB-IM-T2-350, CALB-SMMP-octyl and CALB-SMMP-octyl-glu), considering as input linguistic variables the type of acid, temperature, reaction time and substrate molar ratio to predict the conversion of the esterification process. Gaussian membership functions and linear output functions were used, in a Takagi- Sugeno’s fuzzy approach. The parameters were fitted by a hybrid parametric optimization method. The results showed that the fuzzy model outputs were very close to the targets, with RMSE values below 0.006. To demonstrate the potential of fuzzy modeling to optimize processes, response surfaces were built for the conversion of xylose as a function of different operating conditions. The fuzzy surfaces indicated that higher values of conversion are reached after 45h of reaction, at temperatures above 50°C and at RMS of 1:0.2 (acid:sugar). Thus, the present work explored, in a broad way, all the capability of mathematical modeling, under different approaches, in the study of enzymatic production of biosurfactants.
Processos pioneiros de diferenciação socioespacial urbana no oeste paulista: o caso de São Carlos (1880-1914)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Volante, João Pedro
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9498255413322803
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the countryside of São Paulo underwent a series of changes resulting from the coffee economy, including: mass immigration, the official Abolition of Slavery (1888) and the pre-urbanization, responsible for characterizing cities as they are today. Due to these historical and economic facts, cities like São Carlos/SP received different groups of people - due to their ethnicity, race, class and occupation -, responsible for occupying the space of a nascent city in different regions according to their social differences. In view of this, this study aimed to investigate, from historical documents, the genesis of social differentiation processes associated with spatial characteristics in the city of São Carlos/SP from 1880 to 1914, due to the end of abolition and the large influx of foreign migrants to the cities there seems to have been a population differentiation within the streets and neighborhoods, due to these differences between the individuals who produce the urban space, modify it and are linked to it. Therefore, we sought to understand, from censuses, tax collection books and maps, issues related to population differentiation in the streets and neighborhoods as a reflection of the socioeconomic profiles of the population. Data were collected from historical documents from the collections of the Fundação Pró-Memória de São Carlos and the Unidade Especial de Informação e Memória (UEIM) at the Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). In the end, all the documentation was cataloged based on a documental analysis and a georeferencing software was used to develop cartographic representations of the social differences found.
Sequência didática como instrumento para a possível promoção do desenvolvimento do engajamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Gomes, Aline Aparecida Miranda
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Julio, Josimeire Meneses
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8805879632103815
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5621931077604056
Engagement is a multifaceted construct and its study seeks to trace ways to improve the teaching-learning process. For this, it analyzes the student's development and their interactions with school and pedagogical activities, thus observing facilitating actions for its promotion, as well as their contributions and possibilities for development. The present qualitative, descriptive and bibliographical research, delimited by the question: “How to build a didactic sequence in the teaching of Natural Sciences that is supported by the construct of engagement considering the analysis of a corpus of selected academic works?”. This analysis will be done through the assumptions of the theoretical framework of Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2011). As a contribution of this research, the construction of a didactic sequence in science education addressing the microorganism content will be carried out and intends to promote knowledge about the engagement construct and activities that promote its evidence.
Vozes indígenas: entre apagamentos, estigmas e resistências - discursos midiáticos da região Norte do Brasil sobre povos e lideranças indígenas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-09)
Rubim, Deyse Silva
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Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5523428767916746
In order to understand the meanings arising from the media circulation referring to indigenous voices in the northern region of Brazil, we analyze the interfaces of the discourse with the different manifestations emerging in the traditional press, alternative press and social networks. How and when the voices of indigenous people are presented or not by the media from the 1990s to the present. To this end, the clippings that make up the corpus of this study were taken from the newspaper (printed and digital) A Crítica, from the journalistic agency Amazônia Real and from the social network Facebook. The hypothesis was raised that media discourses in the Northern Region in the 90s, consist of silences that corroborate the idea of tutelage (control and power), making indigenous re-democratization invisible through the erasure of these voices. In contrast to this, in the 2000s, indigenous voices began to have a place in the digital press, more specifically, in the alternative press. There are voices to consolidate the resistance process historically marked by conflicts of exclusion, in this way, indigenous female leaders are also inscribed in discursive practices. In addition, social networks function as a space for the legitimacy of voices and the articulation of indigenous movements. However, despite the protagonism of the indigenous people in political and social mobilizations, the preservation of old memories that produce silences and stigmas, and transformations, above all, with the resistant appropriation of an ephemeris and technologies conceived by non-indigenous people continue to reproduce the prejudice discourse until today. In this sense, the general objective of the research was to identify the relations of discourse and power in media representations from the 90s to the present. For this, some specific objectives were established that guided the research: i) to analyze the heterogeneity of the discourse and the discursive memory with regard to the erasure of the indigenous voices in the media discourses; ii) understand how some linguistic markings corroborate the stigmatization and silencing of indigenous people in the discourse; iii) describe the process of enrolling the voices of female leaders in discursive practices. The theoretical and methodological assumptions that support this research are those of Discourse Analysis of French orientation, with which we propose to analyze how the media from the 90s until today, examining its function as a kind of spokesperson who (re)says the sayings of the indigenous people or, in certain moments, barely presents them as protagonists of their actions. Therefore, in return for a greater conservation of discriminatory discourses, based on mobilizations to guarantee their rights and supported by cultural dynamics that allowed access to different forms of communication, today, the indigenous people (leaders, women and young people) take the floor, they assume their place of representative speech and occupy legitimate spaces in Brazilian society.
Exegese, corporeidade e mortalidade no Leviatã de Thomas Hobbes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-09)
Santana, Luiz Felipe Sousa
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Hirata, Celi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6347404660282248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7022655532430217
On his attempt to set up the principle for a science of civil or political bodies in Leviathan (1651), Thomas Hobbes (1588- 1679) justifies his biblical exegesis pointing out, before all, that the Sacred Scriptures “are the outworks of the enemy, from whence they impugn the civil power”. Through the separated essences’ or immaterial substances’ doctrines, which deceiving philosophers say that are proclaimed in the Scriptures, the human race is conducted to harm the original pact that ensures the civil obedience to their respective sovereignty in a superstitious way. However, this is not the consequence drawn from the “Malmesbury’s monster” ambition in training the revelated word of God, and religion in general, to enforce the claims of a secular and mundane State. Both his political philosophy and his philosophia prima are guided by his radical reduction of the reality into moving bodies. His entire exegetical exercise sits on the equalization of all substances as bodies, which does not spare even the ineffable Creator.
Contribuição ao estudo do comportamento estrutural de terças pré-fabricadas em concreto protendido sem armadura transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-12)
Alvarenga Junior, Luiz Carlos de
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4913324300033555
Purlins are thin beams made without transverse reinforcement and are used in the roofing of precast warehouses. The object of study of this research, were precast concrete purlins, which had been produced by a company in the region of São Carlos - SP, and intended for the work already completed. However, these elements presented large deformations, causing visual discomfort in the occupants of the building, as a result, a system of semi-rigid connection through metal plates was adopted by the company. Because they are produced without the use of transverse reinforcement, and the Brazilian standards do not make prescriptions regarding the calculation of the shear force of prestressed purlins, this research was based on NBR 9062:2017, which allows parts of the project to be performed based on tests. Therefore, this work aimed to contribute to the study of the structural behavior of roof purlins, based on the existing database, the tests showed that the failure mode occurred near the diagonal tensile mechanism, and the expression that best describes this result is the EN1168. To evaluate the effectiveness of the connection proposed by the manufacturer, we chose to use non-destructive testing in a factory environment. The connection model adopted by the company proved to be satisfactory, and can be characterized as a semi-rigid connection with restriction factor αr = 0.30, but due to the limitations found in the factory, it was not possible to conduct the tests until failure, so it is not possible to say whether the connection maintains this behavior outside the elastic range.
Epidemiology, biodiversity, and technological trajectories in the Brazilian Amazon: from malaria to Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-13)
Codeço, Cláudia Torres
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Dal'Asta, Ana Paula
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Rorato, Ana Claudia
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Lana, Raquel Martins
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Neves, Tatiana Campos
The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and environmental landscape transformations are linked to the regional agrarian economy dynamics, which has developed into six techno-productive trajectories (TTs). These TTs are the product of the historical interaction between Peasant and Farmer and Rancher practices, technologies and rationalities. This article investigates the distribution of the dominant Brazilian Amazon TTs and their association with environmental degradation and vulnerability to neglected tropical diseases. The goal is to provide a framework for the joint debate of the local economic, environmental and health dimensions. We calculated the dominant TT for each municipality in 2017. Peasant trajectories (TT1, TT2, and TT3) are dominant in ca. fifty percent of the Amazon territory, mostly concentrated in areas covered by continuous forest where malaria is an important morbidity and mortality cause. Cattle raising trajectories are associated with higher deforestation rates. Meanwhile, Farmer and Rancher economies are becoming dominant trajectories, comprising large scale cattle and grain production. These trajectories are associated with rapid biodiversity loss and a high prevalence of neglected tropical diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Aedes-borne diseases and Chagas disease. Overall, these results defy simplistic views that the dominant development trajectory for the Amazon will optimize economic, health and environmental indicators. This approach lays the groundwork for a more integrated narrative consistent with the economic history of the Brazilian Amazon
Avaliação da anomalia da teoria de nucleação clássica em vidros silicatos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-13)
Ramírez Acosta, María Helena
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Zanotto, Edgar Dutra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7314093467530639
Under some conditions, the Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT) provides a good description of the temperature dependence of the experimental homogeneous nucleation rates in supercooled liquids. Allegedly, however, it strongly overestimates the experimental nucleation rates below the temperature of maximum nucleation (𝑇_max ~ 𝑇_𝑔, glass transition temperature), configuring the so-called nucleation anomaly. This apparent discrepancy has been associated with some hypothesis related to thermodynamic and diffusional parameters. However, a definitive explanation about the origin of this issue is still open, since some of the hypotheses raised cannot explain it, while others are limited to theoretical analysis without experimental verification. In this thesis, we evaluate the alternative hypothesis that the CNT anomaly can be due to an experimental artifact, which leads to the underestimation of the experimental nucleation rates below 𝑇_𝑔. This hypothesis is based on the fact that the CNT is only valid when the analyzed system reaches a stationary regime. To validate or refute this hypothesis, Li2Si2O5, and BaSi2O5 glasses were chosen as model systems. The study was conducted through the implementation of heat treatments above and below the 𝑇_𝑔 of these glasses. In particular, the heat treatments below 𝑇_𝑔 were considerable extended and examined by a steady-state criterion. Also, viscosity and growth rates were used as alternative proxies for the nucleation diffusion coefficient. Additionally, the possible influence on the nucleation rates of factors as the chemical homogeneity, water content, and thermal history of the glasses were evaluated. The results not only validate the proposed hypothesis, but also offer new experimental evidence supporting recent studies that suggest the interdependence between the structural relaxation and the nucleation process, as the fundamental origin of the alleged CNT anomaly.
A abordagem da interdisciplinaridade nos livros didáticos de ciências do PNLD 2020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Gama, Eydher Floriano Pereira Eleutério
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Julio, Josimeire Meneses
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8805879632103815
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7479069837679495
The term interdisciplinarity is used in several contexts in our society, among these contexts, we have the area of education and teaching materials. In the educational context, we find the approach of interdisciplinarity in an epistemological, methodological or educational conception. In this work, we seek to identify and discuss the interdisciplinary concepts of the five textbook collections, indicated by PNLD 2020, in the discipline of natural sciences, elementary school – final years. They present in their material, trying to answer the question: "How do natural science textbooks approach interdisciplinary work and what concept of interdisciplinarity is adopted? We use as a methodology, the documental qualitative analysis, because the textbooks deal with written materials, they can be characterized as documents. We analyzed the teacher's manual in the book, the activities identified as interdisciplinary and the guidelines given to teachers for carrying out the activities. The results showed that although we have interdisciplinarity with epistemological, methodological or teacher training approaches, in the collections we find only the focus of the methodological design on interdisciplinary activities, in addition to the existence of some activities presented as interdisciplinary, but which actually have characteristics of activities multidisciplinary.