Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-08-20"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 8970

A política econômica neoliberal como uma das causas de um impeachment: um estudo de caso sobre o impedimento da presidenta Dilma Rousseff
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Seleghim, Ariane Duarte
;
Diniz, Simone
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9726360676770459
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3977588363021961
This thesis aims to contribute to research in Political Science that focuses on the explanatory factors of the 2016 impeachment. We use the process tracing method to gather empirical evidence to support the thesis that the resistance of Dilma Rousseff’s administration to deepen and radicalize neoliberal measures were part of a causal mechanism, a necessary condition that resulted in the president's deposition. We go back to the impeachment’s conjecture and its specificities. We observe the main factors that contributed to the impeachment giving more emphasis to the divergences of the government's economic policy in facing the economic crisis and recession. For this, we collected evidence that served to strengthen the argument within the research hypothesis. We develop a political content analysis based on the criteria and categories established by MARPOR in the government programs: "More Changes, More Future", by Former President Dilma Rousseff and “A Bridge to the Future” by her successor Michel Temer. At this stage, we were able to measure the relevance of the different categories of economic policy in each program. In addition, it enabled us to verify that there was a great divergence between the promises made by Dilma Rousseff and Michel Temer regarding the directions they would take toward economic policy. The empirical analysis was divided into two stages: i) a statistical analysis of the political content of the two programs, based on the same pre-established categorization proposed by MARPOR. This first part focuses on the justifications within the legislative proposals of each administration in order to build a measure to establish the differences in each program regarding neoliberal reforms; ii) a comparative analysis between what was promised in President Dilma Rousseff’s government program with respect to economic policy and what was actually done in the legislative agenda. We aim to verify that the divergences between what was promised and what was practiced by Rousseff’s administration is related to the loss of the president's base of support, another necessary condition for the impeachment. We conclude that, among the many factors that may explain the 2016 impediment, the resistance of Dilma Rousseff’s administration to deepening neoliberal policies and its austerity measures was a necessary condition for this result.
A mobilização dos registros de representação semiótica na prática pedagógica do processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos números racionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Proença, Laís Isabele
;
Oliveira, Paulo César
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516513469811353
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4618609819201939
This research aimed to analyze how teaching practice interferes in the process of acquisition and articulation of different semiotic registers of rational numbers, in which the guiding question is presented How the pedagogical practice in the process of mathematical literacy, in the teaching of rational numbers, does it contribute to the mobilization of semiotic representation records?. In addition, I present the justification for the choice of the topic, in which I have been working for more than seven years only in public schools in the region of my city of Itaporanga-SP, I wonder why many students do not make connections of different representations of the same mathematical object. , mainly related to rational numbers. It also exposes the theoretical foundation of the research, as well as the methodology for its development, in which, for the development of the didactic sequences, it sought to use as theoretical support Duval's Theory of Semiotics Records. The research is qualitative in nature, in which a didactic sequence was applied with the participation of 14 6th grade students, in which the classes took place synchronously for those who had access to the internet and asynchronously through a group of WhatsApp in the room with videos of classes. Understanding that the teaching of rational numbers is a challenge for the mathematics teacher, based on the premises that the Theory of Records of Semiotic Representation brings us, we started to have a more critical, reflective and articulated look at how we should have our methodology in the classroom and critically analyze the teaching materials that are available for us to use, as these are the bases for our work. However, with this research, it is concluded that it is not only the materials that must be in accordance with the objective of mobilizing the different registers of semiotic representation of rational numbers, it is necessary that both the materials and our pedagogical practice are favorable in order to achieve the skills to be developed by our students.
Verificação de pilares mistos de aço e concreto submetidos à flexão composta reta: curvas de interação M-N
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Fernandes, Matheus Oliveira
;
Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
;
Nardin, Silvana de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
Composite columns subjected to uniaxial bending moments are usually checked using normative recommendations, however, such checks do not include the use of high strength concretes. In this context, aiming to evaluate composite columns subject to eccentric compression and determine the pair of strength (normal force and bending moment), an analytical model based on strain compatibility was developed and implemented in the computational tool PM-MN (2021). With this tool it was possible to plot M-N interaction curves. Considering the uniaxial bending moments, expressions are defined that relate the values of normal force and moment resistance as a function of the neutral axis depth, geometry and strength of the components of the cross-section. The steel and concrete ultimate strains were defined based on the guidelines of ABNT NBR 6118 (2014). To validate the proposed model, two comparative analyzes were developed. In the first analysis, the M-N interaction curves from the PM-MN tool (2021) were compared to the models of ABNT NBR 8800 (2008), EN 1994-1-1 (2004) and ABNT NBR 16239 (2013). In the second analysis, values of normal force resistant to centered compression and moment resistance to pure bending were compared to literature results. The proposed model adequately estimated the eccentric compression strength when analyzing the cross section; the highest difference in relation to normative models was close to 6%. When analyzing the column, that is, taking into account the flexural buckling, the results of the interaction model implemented in the PM-MN (2021) were close to the results in the literature; the best estimate of strength showed an error close to 0,6%. Once validated, the tool was then used in a parametric study in which the influence of the following parameters was evaluated: cross-sectional shape, yielding strength of steel, compressive strength of concrete, bending axis and relative slenderness. The results showed that the effects of flexural buckling are less significant for the use of lower strengths of steel and concrete; on the other hand, the use of highest strengths increases the effects of flexural buckling, especially for slender columns.
Bioprospecção de novos isolados e avaliação do potencial antimicrobiano, leishmanicida, antitumoral e perfil citotóxico dos cultivos puros e mistos de Paenibacillus polymyxa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Cavicchioli, Rafael
;
Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
;
Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
Endophytes in general are among the most productive sources of secondary metabolites, presenting a series of biological activities and applications. It is estimated that approximately half of the antibiotics produced industrially, in addition to several other compounds, are produced by these organisms. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 90% of bacterial strains are resistant to first-choice drugs. Therefore, the search for new molecules with antimicrobial activity is urgent. In view of this, the present study sought to optimize cultivation conditions for the production of fermented broth in order to achieve the greatest amount and diversity of secondary metabolites with biological action. Different types of cultures (axenic and mixed) were tested in order to evaluate their effectiveness in relation to: antimicrobial activity, leishmanicidal activity, antitumor activity and cytotoxicity. Based on the data obtained, a time of 168 hours was established for the production of broths. The mixed culture showed greater activity than the axenic culture in relation to antimicrobial activity, establishing 95.86% of inhibition at its lowest concentration tested for P. aeruginosa, 92.86% of inhibition against E.coli strains, 91.13% against Salmonella setubal. Using a concentration of 2500 µg, an inhibition of 82.5% was obtained in S. aureus and 86% in S. epidermidis. Regarding the leishmanicidal activity, the mixed culture broth showed a greater action than the simple culture when analyzed at lower concentrations. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrate that they are toxic only from a concentration of 10000 µg. From these results we can conclude that mixed cultures have great biological potential, in non-toxic concentrations. Multidrug resistance occurs in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which cause infections that cannot be treated with most conventional antibiotics. Due to these and other factors, microbial resistance is considered an alarming public health problem, showing an increasing number of infections caused by resistant bacteria, which cause infections in hospitals and communities. When some type of infection can no longer be treated by first-line antibiotics, usually more expensive drugs must be selected for treatment. The longer duration of the illness and treatment in question, often in the hospitals themselves, increases health care costs. A report citing the top threats to antibiotic resistance from the CDC in the United States (2019 Antibiotic Resistance Threats Report) includes the latest national estimates of deaths and infections that highlight the ongoing threat of antibiotic resistance. According to the report, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur in the US each year, and more than 35,000 people die as a result. Based on these and other data, the second part of the study aims to find strains with antimicrobial activity from the plant species Coffea arabica and Xylopia aromatica and selects 6 strains that have great biotechnological potential. These strains were isolated in later studies and showed considerable antimicrobial activity.
Panorama epidemiológico dos defeitos congênitos em Honduras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Buckley, Michelle Melissa Miralda
;
Melo, Débora Gusmão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2587800992546559
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0214847702096891
Introduction: Honduras is the second poorest country in Central America. The country's total population in 2019 was 9,181,487; the child population, including children under the age of five, represented about 14.8% of the total population. In 2018, the birth rate was 22 births/1,000 inhabitants, the infant mortality rate was 15.1 deaths/1,000 live births, with congenital anomalies being the second cause of infant mortality. Congenital defect comprises all structural or functional anomalies, including metabolic defects, resulting from factors originating before birth, even if the defect is not apparent or identified in the newborn, being recognized later. Birth defects are a public health problem worldwide, seriously affecting children's health and can produce disabilities. In Latin America and the Caribbean, birth defects are estimated to be responsible for about 21% of mortality among children under five years of age. Aim: This study evaluated the impact of birth defects on the morbidity and mortality of Honduran children and the development and implementation of neonatal screening in Honduras. Methodology: This is a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. The research was developed in two parts: (1) information on the prevalence of structural birth defects in the first year of life and in infant mortality, during the years 2014 to 2018; and (2) information about neonatal screening and functional birth defects in 2018 and 2019. Results: Over the five years studied, the prevalence of birth defects in children under 1 year of age was 256.32: 10,000. Twelve birth defects reached a frequency greater than 5: 10,000, enough to be considered non-rare. The infant mortality rate due to birth defects was 33.81: 10,000. The proportional infant mortality rate due to congenital defects was 23.83%. Concerning the neonatal screening, in 2018 and 2019, 19,911 newborns were tested for five functional birth defects: hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, galactosemia, phenylketonuria, and adrenal hyperplasia. Abnormalities were identified in 18 newborns, corresponding to a prevalence of 9.04:10,000. Considering all births in Honduras, the estimated coverage of screening ranged between 4.39% and 5.74%. Conclusions: Birth defects have a great impact on the morbidity and mortality of Honduran children. The surveillance system for structural birth defects in Honduras can be improved. For this, it is suggested: expansion of monitoring for all health units in the public and private systems; development of a notification method that can consider the child's place of residence and prevents repeated registration of the same child; and training of the human resources involved in the notification and care of children with birth defects. The results also reinforce the need to expand and consolidate neonatal screening in Honduras. For this, it is recommended: expansion of screening for health units in the Honduran public system, in all Departments of the country; a collection of samples in the first week of live births; conducting more studies to confirm the prevalence of galactosemia; inclusion of screening for hemoglobinopathies; organization of a national program that guarantees comprehensive treatment of patients; and organization of an accessible information system on neonatal screening.
Avaliação na aula de música? Um estudo com professores de música da Rede de Ensino Municipal de São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Rodrigues, Flavia Baldacini Navarro
;
Galizia, Fernando Stanzione
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4007795540173093
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8198583180522383
This is an exploratory study which sought to investigate the assessment of student learning process in Music classes at the Municipal Education Network of São Carlos/SP. The specific objectives of this work are: to verify how the formation and professional performance of teachers takes place as well as to know the planning and types of assessment that these teachers know and practice; analyze the evaluation criteria used to assess students' musical learning and identify which musical content is being evaluated. The theoretical framework used to analyze data was formed from the ideas of four authors: Haydt (2008), Hoffmann (2009), Luckesi (2011a; 2011b) and Zabala (1998) who deal with: the concept of evaluation, types of assessment, assessment instruments, assessment results and its benefits for the daily lives of teachers and students. In order to deal specifically with the assessment in Music class, we used the ideas of the author Swanwick (2003; 2014), who discusses criteria and suggestions for assessing musical learning. The online questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection and, for data processing, the content analysis was organized into categories based on the specific objectives of this work. The questionnaire was sent by e-mail to all eleven teachers who work in the municipality teaching music classes, with responses from seven of them (response rate of 63.6%). The analysis of the answers shows that the teachers are young, most of them have a degree in Music, and they also declare to feel some kind of difficulty in evaluating their students. In addition, the assessments most used by them are diagnostic and formative, and the most voted assessment tool was observation. Other data from the analysis framed the teachers' evaluation criteria in the dimensions of Materials and Swanwick's Expression (2014). Finally, the content that teachers assess is of an attitudinal, conceptual and procedural nature, according to Zabala (1998), with a prevalence of the attitudinal nature. In the final considerations, two suggestions for assessment that can be used in large classes are presented: the minute paper (MENEZES, 2010) and compositions in small groups.
A assembleia de classe como recurso didático para a construção da argumentação moral na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Oliveira, Cristiane Santiago de
;
Campos, Douglas Aparecido de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7847352503840983
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2435114283327252
This study arises from reflections on the educational phenomenon experienced in pedagogical practices about the difficulties that students have to debate, discuss and expose their opinions through arguments, since this competence is mandatory content of mother tongue classes, especially in the years end of Elementary School II (9th years) and High School. Therefore, this research studied, discussed and analyzed the effectiveness of the class assembly as a didactic resource in the teaching and learning processes, in the initial grades of Elementary School II (6th and 7th years). We are based on the Theory of Communicative Action from the perspective of Habermas' moral argument (2003, 2012) and on Paulo Freire's dialogic and emancipatory education (1967, 1996, 2013, 2019, 2020a,b,c). We used the qualitative approach in proposing four class assemblies with students between ten (10) and twelve (12) years old, having as mediator the researcher who also teaches classes in this class. The results showed that the assemblies are a powerful didactic resource for working with moral argumentation, as long as the mediation and the pedagogical intentionality proposed by the educator has as a specific objective the dialogical and argumentative resourcefulness in the community, in our case, the group of students. The contextualization and the collective decision to discuss a certain content, which has meaning and sense for the collectivity, is another strong assumption to reach the educational objectives with the emphasis on the argumentation that it becomes and to have a power of influence more connected with the reality and the educational process experienced and experienced in the assembly.
Pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise e atendimento psicológico: revisão de escopo e reflexão segundo o referencial psicanalítico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Lollo, Maria Cristina Di
;
Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8373897933954246
The result of the 20 years clinical experience of psychological support for patients with chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis, and due to the lack of literature about psychological support for such patients, particularly studies using the theoretical and technical foundation of psychoanalysis, the present study is justified by the high prevalence of this disease in the population and by it’s countless signs of psychological distress. The objective was to identify the status of the knowledge about psychological support for patients with chronic kidney disease and to reflect on the contribution of psychoanalysis in this context. A literature review, based on the scoping review methodology of Instituto Joanna Briggs, was conducted to identify publications about psychological support to patients with chronical kidney disease in hemodialysis, using the databases PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO. Documents pertaining to grey literature were also considered. The final sample was composed by 23 articles. The studies found were using diferent theoretical and technical foundations and different types of psychological interventions, and all of them reportedly identified improvement of psychic symptoms, coping and adaptation to the treatment and the new life conditions. Among the studies that composed the sample, a number of them were using cognitive behavior theory (N=7), behavior analysis (N=2), psychoanalytic oriented psychotherapy (N=2), positive psychology (N=1), among others. On the kind of studies identified, there were mostly studies with descriptive study characteristics (N=5), randomized experimental studies (N=3), case studies (N=3), studies with experimental report characteristics (N=3), studies with quasi-experimental characteristics (N=2), single-group clinical studies (N=2) and experimental reports (N=2). In general, the studies report improvements in quality of life, in the symptoms of distressed mood and depression, and improvement in clinical and mental health. However, the methodological characteristics of the studies are not enough to generate strong evidence and allow safe generalizations, which indicates the need for production of more studies about the subject. This study also presents reflection on the psychoanalytic psychosomatics and its possible contributions, by means of psychological support to patients with chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis, based on the promotion of affect representation and symbolization. The conclusion is that, in general, the knowledge produced and published in the consulted databases, about psychological support to patients with chronic kidney disease, indicates a lack of studies and methological gaps, with an absence, for example, of longitudinal studies or others performed with more expressive samples of patients. It was also identified the need for greater methodological rigor in relation to the psychological interventions performed, with the presentation of more consistent conceptual and operational definitions.
Capacidades e práticas de líderes Lean de nível operacional e efeitos na implementação de ferramentas: survey em empresas industriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Simões, Julianita Maria Scaranello
;
Toledo, José Carlos de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5280499767233599
Lean leadership is considered a fundamental factor for the effective implementation of Lean Production System (LPS). However, Lean leadership studies, especially for Lean operational-level leadership, remain limited to the capacities and practices of Lean leadership that provide effective implementation of LPS tools in organizations. This thesis aims to analyze the relationship between capacities and practices of front-line Lean leaders and the implementation of Lean tools in large manufacturing companies. A survey was conducted in large manufacturing companies in the State of São Paulo, with Lean programs implemented for at least 5 years. A total of 103 questionnaires were collected, of which 99 were considered valid. The data were analyzed by Structural Equations Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS 3 software. A positive, significant and direct relationship was observed among the capacities of front-line Lean leaders, leadership practices and implementation of LPS tools on the shop floor. From a management point of view, it can also be noted that investing in the Lean leaders' capacities development provide better operationalization of leadership practices which in turn allow a better implementation of LPS tools on the shop floor of organizations. From the theoretical point of view, it was observed relevant expansion of the field of knowledge about front-line Lean leaders with the proposition of a replicable model based on specific capacities and practices that contribute to the implementation of Lean tools.
Entomofauna em áreas em estágio inicial de restauração florestal sob diferentes tipos de controle de plantas indesejáveis e uso de fertilizantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-20)
Providello, Alexandra
;
Viani, Ricardo Augusto Gorne
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250752369062840
;
Fujihara, Ricardo Toshio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1863735094370774
In the forest restoration process, it is important to measure the recovery efficiency of ecological processes. Due to their abundance and diversity and quick responses to environmental variations, insects can be used as bioindicators of the ecological restoration process, but little is known about how they respond to usual management practices in forest restoration. The objective of this work was to test the hypothesis that different types of undesirable plant control and the use of fertilizers influence forest restoration and, consequently, the entomofauna dynamics in an area at an early stage of forest restoration. The study was conducted in a forest restoration area in the city of Araras in the state of São Paulo. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split-plot scheme, submitted to four treatments: intensive control of undesirable plants with fertilizers (I+F+); intensive control of undesirable plants without fertilizers (I+F-); non-intensive control of undesirable plants with fertilizers (I-F+); non-intensive control of undesirable plants without fertilizers (I-F-). The entomofauna was collected using pan and pitfall traps, in three periods: July 2019 (dry) and January (rainy) and July (dry) 2020. Pan traps (yellow, blue, white and red) and pitfalls were placed in the center of each subplot, totaling six traps per treatment. Both remained in the field for 120 hours. The vegetation parameters analyzed were basal area and distance from the study area in relation to a reference forest fragment. Initially, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to verify a possible interaction between the type factors of undesirable plant control and fertilizer use on the entomofauna and vegetation variables. As it was not significant, the factors were analyzed separately, and their levels were compared using the Tukey test. In total, 16,001 specimens were collected, distributed in 11 orders and 64 families. Only the control of undesirable plants influenced the abundance and richness of the entomofauna and the basal area of the trees. The entomofauna was more abundant and richer in the intensive control, however, the basal area was bigger in the non-intensive control. Only entomofauna richness was positively related to basal area. The use of fertilizers did not significantly influence neither the basal area nor the entomofauna. Distance from the study area in relation to a reference forest fragment did not show a significant relationship with any of the entomofauna variables. In the present study, it was observed that different types of undesirable plant control influence the growth of the restoration tree community and, consequently, the abundance and richness of the entomofauna. There is a positive relationship of the basal area only with the richness of the entomofauna. At the taxonomic identification level used, the entomofauna could not be adopted as a secondary measurement parameter for the forest restoration process.
Rasgando o véu: conservadorismo e antifeminismo em Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Garcia, Priscila Dantas da Costa
;
Garcia, Marcos Roberto Vieira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911188481669270
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6467570964357814
Antifeminisms can be understood as opposition to feminisms, and they are related to conservatism, religious fundamentalism, and the growing electoral expression of new right parties on the world stage. This research makes use of content analysis as a method and has as its main objective to investigate the articulations of antifeminisms and the way in which antifeminist actors uses of discursive strategies to invalidate achievements and expansion of legal rights related to feminist struggles. Therefore, will be used posts from pages on social networks related to the new right in Sorocaba, from 2018 to 2021, considering that this period is important in the history of the construction of a revamped right and the consequent articulation of antifeminism in Brazil. Images, videos and comments from the profiles affiliated to the pages will be taken into account, bearing in mind the ethical particularities of Internet research. The growing use of the internet as a way of disseminating conservative ideas makes it important to study virtual scenarios and understand the articulation of antifeminist actors in this vehicle. In the data’s analysis obtained from the field, we could apprehend the existence of the following categories: criticism of "gender ideology", moral panic and broaching pedofilia and abortion, the supposed "vagrancy" of people from the progressive field, the presumed association of progressive people with “dirt”, the connection of progressive people with madness or drug use, the critique of new masculinities. The research perceived the discourse associated with religious values, male domination and heterocisnormativity as an appeal for electoral representation. Frequently the mockery and psychopathologization strategies to falsify feminist discourses and rights achievements related to progressive agendas.
A distopia The Handmaid's Tale: um alinhavo entre afeto, identificação, memória e feminismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Alves, Ana Carolina Tardivo
;
Costa, Flávia Cesarino
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1653890782950111
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8351783735660363
Given the fact that the costumes of The Handmaid's Tale series (Bruce Miller, 2017-) have become a powerful symbol in many protests around gender inequality and women rights, this research investigates how the narrative genre through which the series builds its plot - a dystopian scientific - engages viewers; identifying and analyzing the elements of audiovisual materiality that invite fans to be affected and to experiment this universe in a similar way to the protagonist. In another sense, this research proceeds by connecting the social context of women, the feminist movement, the use of social platforms and The Handmaid's Tale series, seeking to understand how these phenomena are capable of transforming collective and social memory. By this gaze, it was possible to perceive how the way in which women and the totalitarian universe are represented in the series causes identification in viewers. This is the link that forms the connection of the fictional narrative of THT with the social and political context in which the series is consumed, thus expanding its meaning to the reality of public and political spaces.
Entre rupturas e permanências: modos de vida e estratégias de enfrentamento à vida nas margens no cotidiano de pessoas trans
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Melo, Késia Maria Maximiano de
;
Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0372441137163055
This thesis has as its main objective to understand how trans people throughout their life histories build strategies to face the conditions of marginalization. It was intended to map the social support networks (formal and informal), as well as the social actors that compose/compose the life stories of these subjects; identify life projects (executed or not) and how they became dynamic throughout their lives; identify the strategies developed, activated and the way they were executed to face the conditions of marginalization; identify the social and political aspects that are involved in these experiences; and understand what are the expectations of these subjects in relation to the process of participation and social emancipation. To this end, it uses the oral history of life as a data collection methodology, in addition to ethnographic tools, such as observation. Data analysis was based on the concept of ways of life, in the light of the perspectives of Elizabeth Lobo and Isabel Guerra, arranged in three central axes: The system and social actors, history and everyday life, and the objective and subjective in the perception of reality. Furthermore, the analyzes were followed by an intersectional perspective, considering that several other social markers of difference, such as race, class, generation and regionality, were relevant in the construction of coping strategies. The results indicated that the impositions of the sex-gender-desire system operate from the first stages of the life course, using as a gear different actors and social institutions, such as the family, school, health services, among others, in order to regulate social practices and life projects, delimiting the tools and access to the concrete conditions of operationalization of life. The way in which these impositions and limits are perceived mediate the main coping strategies, which are configured as the redefinition of social support networks, the search for strengthening and recognition, which, in the case of the informants in this research, took place through the education and/or insertion in the spaces of the social movement. The analysis based on the concept of ways of life offered a powerful lens for recognizing the demands of this social group, presenting itself as a possibility for social occupational therapy.
Um olhar sobre as contribuições dos meios tecnológicos dentro do processo de gestão democrática e participativa na educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Iezzi, Denise Viola Dalpino
;
Campos, Douglas Aparecido de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7847352503840983
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0330309840900487
This study aimed to better understand the functioning of the schools surveyed regarding democratic and participatory management from the perspective of technological means as factors that can contribute to this process. Against the background of the School Council and APM as a very important social function that instrumentalize and guarantee the exercise of democracy by participants in actions in schools, it was necessary to research which paths have been the most used for the construction of these actions in schools, analyzing and reflecting on the situation in which they find themselves. In this context, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused great impacts on education and the main one is the absence of presence in schools. As a result, the face-to-face meetings of the School Council and APM did not happen or did not happen very much. We use a methodological approach with a qualitative focus and for data collection, where we use a questionnaire, interview, and observation, with a participant-research strategy. The research was carried out in two Municipal Schools of Basic Education (EMEBs) in the city of Batatais - SP, which belong to a total of seven municipal schools that attend Kindergarten and Elementary School. And as participants, we had a director, a coordinator, two teachers, two employees and two parents, in each of the 2 schools surveyed, totaling 16 participants. In the analyses, we realized the importance that the development of a democratic and participative school management brings when built with collective participation and that helps in the construction of knowledge and knowledge of the school reality, following the path of transformation and democracy in education. Thus, we consider that the introduction and use of technological means for communication and interaction between participants could be used in order to continue the actions remotely, since previously the meetings were held in person and, in this way, even more necessary as a facilitating and functional means within school environments. Finally, regarding the results obtained, we noticed a great tendency on the part of the subjects to put these procedures into practice, considering the role of the director of fundamental importance for this, as he is the main driver of this process.
Abordando o conceito de simetria através da definição de vetor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Barbosa, Geovane Lopes
;
Souza, James Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4447658541424547
Symmetry is one of the most fundamental concepts in modern science, dictating the basic laws of physics and defining the fundamental forces of nature. Symmetry controls physics both in the high energy regime, with relativity, and in the microscopic world with quantum mechanics. Despite its importance, this concept is not explored either in textbooks or in high school physics classes. In this work we present how structuring and fundamental concepts of physics, such as symmetry, symmetry transformations, homogeneous and isotropic universe, invariance of a physical property, among others, can be worked both conceptually and analytically through a more complete definition of vector, in which we consider the transformation relationship of its components through the rotation of the coordinate axes. Our goal is to facilitate the introduction of these fundamental concepts as soon as possible in physics classes, so that students can understand the importance of mathematics as one of the essential methodologies for the development of physics. Such concepts can also provide a justification for the way physics is treated mathematically in the classroom. Our educational product consists of a didactic sequence containing potentially significant material in a theoretical physics context. For the application of the product in the classroom, we explore the Subsumption Theory of Ausubel of meaningful learning, using the simplified concept of vector, usually worked at the basic level of education, and a simple physical system, described by a block sliding on an inclined plane, to address a more complete definition of vector and demonstrate analytically the concepts of symmetry, symmetry transformations in a homogeneous and isotropic space, and invariance of a physical property. The educational product was applied to high school students in a state school in the city of Itu, municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The results, obtained from questionnaires related to the subjects of each activity, are promising for the proposed contents to be introduced in the first years of high school to be worked on and explored over it.
Identidade docente na creche: o encontro entre sujeitos em diferentes tempos formativos no Programa de Residência Pedagógica (PRP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Rodrigues, Jéssica Pires
;
Pinheiro, Rosa Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6292207464385037
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5613176576054631
This research working is part of the Graduate Program in Education, at the Federal University of São Carlos in Brazil, in the line of research on Teacher Education, and seeks to analyze the process of constitution of the teaching identity in nursery school as of the encounter between two types of different formative evaluation: the intern, through in initial training process and the teacher, an active professional, in a continuing education development process. Therefore, within a qualitative research perspective, it will be use bibliographical research and narrative interview. It will be utilized Nóvoa (1989 and 1991) and Pimenta (1999) to deal with the teaching profession; Dubar (2006), Pimenta and Lima (2017) and Nóvoa (1991) for teacher identity; Pimenta and Lima (2017) and Rodrigues (2013) to talk about internship and Campos (2008), Cerisara (1999) and Kuhlmann Junior (1998 and 2000) to talk about the nursery school and its specificities. Narrative interviewing were conducted with teachers and interns, students from the Pedagogy course at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) – Campus Sorocaba, and teachers from a public nursery school in the city of Sorocaba, countryside of São Paulo, participants of the Pedagogical Residency Program (PRP) in the year 2018. As it may realise that the meetings that took place in nursery school during the Pedagogical Residency Program (PRP) constituted an important opportunity to consolidate the options and intentions of teaching in nursery school for the interns who will be fundamental to teaching identity these, allowing teachers a continuing education development process, valuing their knowledge and contributing for the reaffirmation of their teaching identity. Collaboration between university and nursery school in initial and continuing teacher education proved to be as possible as it is necessary as a teacher education policy.
Analise da concordância entre instrumentos de avaliação do tempo de execução do Time-up and Go (TUG) em pessoas idosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Alvarez, Ieda Fernanda
;
Godoi Jacomassi, Daniela
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699007812483790
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6603856084430386
The quality of life of the elderly population is associated to the maintenance of functional capacity. Declines in functional capacity resulting from aging are related to falls in older adults. About 400,000 people die each year around the world after they have had fallen. When falls do not result in death or serious injuries, they can lead to dependency, decreased mobility, decision deficits and an increased risk of falls. There are different tests and scales used to identify changes in functional capacity in the elderly population. Among these tests, Timed-up and Go (TUG) stands out due to its standardization, validation and practicality. The total time to complete TUG has been used to assess the mobility and balance. However, the “gold standard” instrument for obtaining time during TUG execution is the manual stopwatch, which can influence on the data acquisition. The use of more robust instruments (inertial sensors and force platform) would allow for more accurate assessments of the functional capacity of the elderly population. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to assess an agreement between instruments to assess the time to perform the TUG in older adults. For this, the study included 30 samples from the force platform and 14 samples from the inertial sensors, obtained during the performance of the TUG by 5 older adults (66.2 ± 7.2 years). The agreement between measurements was analyzed using correlation tests, Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and Bland-Altman graphs. The results revealed that there were positive associations between the times obtained from the stopwatch with the times obtained from the force platform (rs=0.97) and from the inertial sensors (r=0.90). The ICCs indicate an excellent reliability between the times obtained from the stopwatch with the times obtained from the force platform (ICC=0.987) and the inertial sensors (ICC=0.925). Finally, the Bland-Altman graphs showed agreement between the times obtained from the stopwatch with the times obtained from the force platform and inertial sensors. In conclusion, there is agreement between the stopwatch data with data from the force platform and the inertial sensors for the evaluation of the TUG in older adults.
Educação matemática na perspectiva da educação inclusiva: vivências de professores do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Silva, Rosimeire Brito da
;
Santos, Izabella Mendes Sant'Ana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6892426465860501
This research intended to investigate the experience of teachers, seven female and one male, about Mathematics Education teaching practices built in an inclusive perspective to Special Education students. This work pursued specifically to identify inclusive education perspectives towards Mathematics Education teaching proposals in the school’s political-pedagogical plan; to know better the teachers’ understanding of inclusive education and schooling process of Special Education aimed students in regular schools, besides the process’ challenges and possibilities; as well as the educators’ view of their own knowledge of the pedagogical practice building regarding inclusive education; through interviews with the research participants, it was possible to get in touch with the dimensions of pedagogical activity in Mathematics Education, including actions pointed by the educators as positive to the inclusion process. This study was based on the Historic-Cultural Theory, adopting as an analysis unit Vygotsky’s concept of living (perezhivanie). The methodological strategy was semi-structured interviews. Results indicated: a) in the school’s political-pedagogical plan, the existence of some broad proposals reckoning the inclusion of Special Education aim students, adding to this group students with learning issues; b) the study participants’ positive posture towards the inclusion of Special Education aimed students in the regular school system, which dialogues with official guidelines; however, teachers underlined difficulties faced in making educational inclusion come true, revealing challenges related to family presence in the inclusion process, initial and continuing education frailties, and technical support in the work with these pupils; c) the accomplishment of favourable practices to inclusion in Mathematics teaching involving games, concrete, playful and manipulable materials, considering in this process interaction among all regular school system enrolled students. Furthermore, the educators highlighted the importance of taking into account each student’s features to elaborate teaching activities, prioritising meaning constructions to the detriment of memorisation procedures; the assessment of educators’ individual experiences, expressed in their speech, allowed theorising the meaning of the pedagogical action and its implications in the individual educational experience, composing a collective dimension. The dialectical movement built by this piece of work joined aspects that interact with the history of Special and Inclusive Educations in Brazil, as much as with the evolution of formation processes to educational inclusion and Mathematics Education practices. It is discussed that, although there are challenges in the inclusive process, a plethora of forms of resistance are thought and undertaken at the extent of educators’ strategy building and persistence in creating proposals from school reality demands and hardships, in an attempt to make policies effective, even though it may be a difficult, gradual and sometimes lonely movement.
Desenvolvimento de ferramenta mobile para gerenciamento e comércio de resíduos da construção civil com proposição de metodologia de precificação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-23)
Teixeira, Paulo Júnio Rodrigues
;
Marques Neto, José da Costa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0794517725446836
The generation of waste in civil construction (CW) will never be zero and the search for other solutions before the simple disposal, should be a continuous improvement aimed by the management and environmental responsibility sectors of the companies in the sector. Both demolitions and new construction sites present residues that are not at the end of their useful life cycle and can be reused in the construction site itself or in other constructions. The circular economy aims to bring the waste to the beginning of the production chain, giving it value as a material, allowing its reuse, reducing costs and preserving the sources of resources. The integrated system of the waste exchange, on the other hand, aims to reduce the emission of debris through the integration of various sectors of the industry, by ensuring and allowing the marketing of by-products from one sector, with a focus on reuse in others. In this context, the present work aimed to develop and present a mobile tool, which enables the value of waste as a product on a trading platform, and allows the presentation of recycling techniques, through a database of scientific papers. For this, a systemic review methodology was proposed, to identify recent studies on methods of reuse and recycling of CWs, which later came to integrate the software. It was also suggested to determine the costs of the materials lost in a stationary waste bucket, to verify the tool's compliance to the concepts of the waste bag. Finally, 14 papers presenting recycling techniques were reached and the result of R$1080.53 was obtained, when pricing the waste in the bucket. From these and other data, a mobile application was developed that, in addition to assisting in the management and disposal, lists possibilities of reintegration and commercialization of CWs.
Metamemória e Doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-24)
Perches, Lucas Gonçalves
;
Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4883101787527650
Alzheimer's Disease is a degenerative disease that mainly affects the cognitive function of memory and because many of the patients are unaware of their own difficulties, their ability to properly judge their mnemonic functions is considered. Metacognition is associated with understanding one's own cognitive functions, so that metamemory is the ability to know, monitor and control the mnemonic process. The objective of this work is to compare the metacognitive knowledge and monitoring, specifically in relation to metamemory, of elderly people with signs of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and elderly people without signs of cognitive decline. Participants were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of 13 elderly people, aged between 62 and 75 years, with no indications of cognitive decline; the second group consisted of 5 elderly people diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease at a mild level, aged between 66 and 65 years. The NEUPSILIN memory subtests and the Metacognitive Judgments Register were used, which aims at the participant to indicate the knowledge about his mnemonic ability and estimate his performance after the application of the memory subtests. Descriptive statistics, Man-Whitney test and correlational analyzes were performed involving metacognitive knowledge, performance in memory subtests and judgment of performance. The results indicated that the two groups of elderly people showed little knowledge about their own memory and the elderly with Alzheimer's tended to overestimate their performance in relation to working memory and semantic episodic verbal memory.