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O desenvolvimento territorial urbano e sua transformação geoespacial entre os anos de 2000 e 2020 no município de Campinas - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-03)
Azevedo, Guilherme Sarausa de
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Stanganini, Fábio Noel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6774358264004600
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2862949314197203
The growth history of the city of Campinas contains many of the elements of the colonial city, an important center of sugar and later coffee production in the interior of São Paulo. However, it is from the process of industrialization and the migration of millions of workers from the countryside to the city, including Campinas, from the 1930s onwards, that there is a considerable growth in the urban area of the city. This growth was accentuated between the 1950s and 1970s, with the intensification of industrialization in Brazil, and a subsequent process of industrial deconcentration in São Paulo, which has the Campinas region as one of its main destinations. The urban growth of Campinas contains the contradictions of an industrialization process that took place with low wages and precarious jobs. It is a city that grew in a fragmented and often irregular way, largely as a result of the production of housing for the lower classes. After this period, the last decades of the last century had a much lower urban growth, mainly as a result of economic crises, which cooled and reversed the previous process of industrialization and, consequently, the population's attractiveness. This dissertation seeks to analyze how the expansion of the Urban Spot in the city of Campinas took place, between 2000 and 2020, through the production of thematic maps. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), a documental and qualitative analysis of the city's urban growth was carried out. Thus, the mechanics of dispersed urban growth were verified in Campinas, with some occupations of previously existing urban voids, mainly from large commercial projects or closed residential projects (closed condominiums and subdivisions), but still with the emergence of New Spots Fragmented urban areas. With the alteration of the Urban Perimeter in 2018, and the transformation of almost the entire rural area of the municipality into an area of urban expansion, there is a tendency for the process of fragmentation and dispersion of the city's growth to strengthen in the next period
Narrativas hipertextuais digitais: uma poética procedimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-03)
Komatsu, Flávio Vilela
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Rocha, Rejane Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2014535626396192
Es en la materialidad que la literatura se realiza y huye a la abstracción. Hablar en literatura digital, por supuesto, es antes de todo atentarse para el medio. Hay una diferencia material entre el medio digital y el medio impreso. La explotación poética de esa diferencia evidencia una nueva literatura, y la necesidad de nuevos parámetros para apreciar y reconocer sus especificidades. Janet Murray, en su libro Hamlet no Holodeck (2003), identifica la espacialidad como una de las cuatro principales propiedades del medio digital: “Los medios lineares, tales como libros y películas, retratan espacios tanto para la descripción verbal cuanto, para la imagen, pero solamente los ambientes digitales presentan un espacio por lo cual podemos movernos.” Ese espacio es instituido por la arquitectura hipertextual del objeto digital, que, disponiendo de múltiples recorridos de lectura, invoca al lector a adoptar decisiones y, por lo tanto, a actuar: la narrativa se transforma de acuerdo con las elecciones de lectura. En la búsqueda por un atributo literario propio del medio digital, este trabajo parte de la sistematización del género “narrativa hipertextual digital” a través de las especificidades de dos obras: As doze cores do vermelho, de Helena Parente Cunha; e OWNED – um novo jogador, de Simone Campos. Los dos pertenecen al dominio de la literatura digital brasileña, son narrativas participativas en las cuales no son suficiente la decodificación del enunciado, requiriendo también la decodificación del orden espacial de la arquitectura que los organiza. Con el ofrecimiento de nuevas posibilidades para la materia verbal, no corresponde más someter esos objetos a los parámetros de análisis de la literatura impresa: “se esos textos redefinen la literatura expandiendo su noción – y creo que sí – entonces ellos también deben redefinir lo que es lo literario y, por lo tanto, no pueden ser valorado por una estética antigua y no modificada”. (AARSETH, 1997, p. 14). Para el debido análisis, utilizamos los conceptos de inmersión, agencia y transformación (MURRAY, 2003) como parámetros de una nueva mirada teórica, dispuesta para las especificidades de una poética tan nueva cuanto los medios en que se realiza. Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto Repositório da Literatura Digital Brasileira (CNPq n. 405609/2018-3).
Avaliação do co-cultivo de bactérias e microalga Chlorella sorokiniana no tratamento de efluentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-03)
Dutra, Júlia Fonseca
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Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3339282201774885
Pollution is a social and health problem, the lack of sewer treatment together with its incorrect disposal are one of the leading sources of aquatic pollution. Microalgae are microorganisms which have the potential for tertiary sewer treatment since they are resistant to temperature and luminosity variations, are able to synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide, providing sustenance for heterotrophic organisms, such as bacterias, who will decompose it and recycle it. On the other hand, some bacteria use the produced oxygen by the microalgae and produce compounds that increase vegetal growth. The objective of this study was to verify bacteria and microalgae C. sorokiniana capacity to promote microalgal growth and remove nutrients from the system. With that considered, four batches were analyzed, comparing microorganisms’ performance in piggery effluent and in the UASB reactor effluent from Monjolinho’s Sewage Treatment Station, evaluating the co-culture and aeration influence in microalgal growth, as well as the dissolved phosphorus and nitrogen removal. Four different samples were evaluated: microalgae alone, with biofilm bacteria consortia, with phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and with IAA (indole acetic acid) producer bacteria. All four batches were carried in 2-liter flasks with 1 liter of effluent volume, at 27ºC (±4ºC) with 12/12 hours photoperiod and inoculated with 105 and 104 cell/ml microalgae and bacteria, respectively. The results obtained with the UASB reactor effluent were superior to those with piggery effluent, achieving 107 cell/ml. Analyzing cellular growth, none of the consortia reached superior results when compared to microalgae alone. However, when analyzing phosphorus and nitrogen removal, the consortia with the phosphorus solubilizing bacteria stood out, achieving phosphorus removal of 84% from the initial concentration. Therefore, aiming for the effluent treatment and nutrient removal, the C. sorokiniana and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria consortia have showed itself promising.
Cristalização e relaxação em vidros óxidos uma tentativa de solução do Paradoxo de Kauzmann
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-03)
Passos, Rodrigo Cardoso dos
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Cassar, Daniel Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1717397276752482
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Zanotto, Edgar Dutra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
The quest for a solution to Kauzmann’s Paradox has been a lifelong journey for many glass scientists over the last seventy years. The idea that this paradox may violate the Third Law of Thermodynamics is what makes it such an exciting topic for study, even more so, with some possible solutions proposed on the literature. The aim of this work is to find a possible solution to the paradox formulated by Kauzmann in his 1948 paper by using his very same hypothesis. If Kauzmann’s extrapolations of entropy were correct, then a supercooled liquid would have the same entropy as the stable isochemical crystalline phase at some temperature below the laboratory glass transition temperature, Tg, known as Kauzmann’s temperature, TK. If we extrapolate the liquid’s entropy even further, it becomes zero at a temperature above zero Kelvin, which violates the Third Law constituting a paradox. By comparing the relaxation kinetics with crystallization rates, both extrapolated down to TK, if the crystallization kinetics are faster than the relaxation kinetics there is no liquid at Kauzmann’s temperature, which would deny the paradox. In this case, the liquid stability limit or kinetic spinodal temperature should be higher than TK. We tested two fragile glass-forming liquids (diopside and wollastonite) and two strong liquids (silica and germania). For the fragile substances, Tks >> TK, so a supercooled liquid cannot exist at TK, and the entropy crisis is averted. On the other hand, the results for the strong liquids were inconclusive. We hope these findings entice glass researchers to further investigate the crystallization and relaxation dynamics of different strong glassforming systems at deep supercoolings.
Aplicação de ozônio em esgoto doméstico visando reúso agrícola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-03)
Voltolini, Lisiana Crivelenti
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Souza, Claudinei Fonseca
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7092607890970262
The increasing scarcity and demand for water in food production according to the need to seek sources of supply. Treated domestic sewage is a way to mitigate this problem; however, it is necessary to adapt it to legislative requirements. The use of ozone in the disinfection of domestic effluents has been used due to its oxidizing solid character, allowing the adjustment of its parameters for agricultural reuse. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the sanitary and agricultural viability of domestic effluent treated with different doses of ozone, through the analysis of physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. The experiment was carried out on a laboratory bench, in which different dosages of ozone were applied: 0; 8; 15; 30; 45; and 60 mg L-1. The application time for each dosage was, respectively: 0 seconds; 14.4 seconds; 27 seconds; 54 seconds; 81 seconds; and 108 seconds. The effluent came from the Sewage Treatment Station in the municipality of Araras. The parameters obtained were: total coliforms, E. coli, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and sodium. Ozonation did not alter the physical and chemical composition of wastewater, indicating an important advantage in terms of potential agricultural reuse. However, the pathogenic load of E. coli was not reduced enough for the effluent to be used in agriculture. The results obtained further investigate the effects of ozone in relation to the efficiency of domestic treatment, so that we can advance in understanding these interactions in order to identify dosages and ideal exposure time, making the wastewater safe for agricultural reuse.
Saberes tradicionais e tabus entre mulheres ribeirinhas do Lago Amanã (AM) e quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-06)
Souza, Tamires de Lima
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Prado, Helbert Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7266995448306223
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8234134830532293
Food prohibitions involve cultural, social, and biological factors that impact the way individuals interact with natural resources in their environment. This dissertation aimed to understand how food taboos and restrictions are structured among ribeirinhas women of Amanã Lake (AM) and quilombolas of Ribeira Valley (SP). To this end, we have adopted an ethnographic-oriented ethnoecological approach in the field. During the fieldwork, we combined the use of participant observation, informal conversations, and semi-structured interviews. We have documented 97 food items under restriction, 56 among quilombolas, and 51 items cited by the ribeirinhas. Hot-cold/dry-wet syndrome was prevalent in the Ribeira Valley while the system of reima dominated the reports in the Amanã Lake. Making use of categories of purity and ambiguity proposed by Mary Douglas we could access the classificatory (or epistemic) dimension of items subject to interdictions. Based on Philippe Descola’s theory of analogism, we infer the ontological foundations of local beliefs in danger related to taboos in the two ethnographic contexts. In this perspective, we could observe relevant similarities between the two areas. In sum, the comparative fashion of this study points out some regularities with which beliefs in taboos can manifest in the Brazilian rural context in general.
Estudo teórico e experimental da interação de elétrons com moléculas de interesse astroquímico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Mata, Victor Augusto Santana da
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Souza, Gabriel Luiz Cruz de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2821352329397835
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Homem, Manoel Gustavo Petrucelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2059356773212608
We performed a theoretical and experimental investigation on electron (e⁻) scattering by molecules of astrochemical interest. Theoretically, we obtained elastic differential (DCSs), integral (ICSs) and momentum-transfer (MTCSs) cross sections, total (TCSs) and total absorption (TACSs) cross sections for electron collisions with cyanoacetylene (HC₃N), acetonitrile (CH₃CN), isocyanic acid (HNCO), chloroform (CHCl₃), and chlorobenzene (C₆H₅Cl) molecules in the 0.1 to 1000 eV incident electron energy-range (E₀) by using ePolyScat codes (D and E3 versions). Presently, important developments in E3 version were performed in order to include the account of absorption effects (already present in D version). Thus, one uses a complex optical potential to represent the e⁻-molecule dynamics. In the methodology applied by ePolyScat, the wave function and the interaction potentials are single-center expanded, and the scattering equations are solved iteratively with the Padé’s approximants technique. The effectiveness of the modification in ePolyScat-E3 is verified by the good agreement with experimental data and other theories. Calculations were also performed using the independent atom model (IAM). Experimentally, DCSs data were obtained for E₀ from 20 up to 800 eV applying the relative flow technique (RFT) for chloroform and chlorobenzene. In the E₀ < 50 eV region, DCSs data were also measured at CSUF by Prof. M. A. Khakoo in collaboration, allowing the comparison between the theoretical and experimental data in a large energy range (0.5 ≤ E₀ ≤ 800 eV). Obtaining DCSs for non-chlorinated molecules was made impossible by COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, a significant experimental advance was performed, making possible the synthesis of HC₃N samples at UFSCar. For such molecule, we obtained but one set of DCSs at E₀ = 20 eV. We generally observe a good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results obtained in the present work and other data available.
Geografia e inovação: o Parque Tecnológico de Sorocaba e as alterações na estrutura industrial da região administrativa de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Oliveira, Willian Prestes de
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Silva, Carlos Henrique Costa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5444248390841543
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2123422609321128
This thesis aims to understand how much the actions of the State authority in Sorocaba benefited the municipality and the region in the process of productive restructuring in the state of São Paulo, ensuring the attraction of industries, especially sectors of greater technological intensity to settle in the territory. For the development of the research, it is guided by the authors who deepen the entitled The Geography of Innovation also highlighting the discussions on the attraction factors of industrial activity, the constituent elements of innovation systems, Local Productive Arrangements, and regional innovation systems. It directly addresses elements already established in the region, such as transport infrastructure and higher education institutions, and also those recently created by the State authority in the region of Sorocaba, which makes it an area of interest for the development of industrial activity and for the improvement of regional culture of innovation, highlighting the Sorocaba Technological Park created to serve as a space for interaction between universities, research institutions and companies linked to the technology sector. Ultimately, it undertakes a comprehensive survey of data referring to recent economic transformations in the city and in the Administrative Region of Sorocaba through the data from the IBGE and the RAIS/CAGED platform, analyzing the evolution of the productive structure of Sorocaba using the classification of industrial activities by level of technological intensity, based on the parameters established by the OECD and CNAE 2.0, with greater emphasis on the High Technological Intensity, Medium-High Technological Intensity sectors, jointly considering data on the evolution of the numbers of establishments, sectoral participation in the value of State industrial transformation and on labor in the period of 2008 and 2018.
Aço inoxidável duplex de baixa liga, S32101: uma visão tecnológica sobre resistência mecânica, impacto, corrosão localizada e microestrutura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Ferezin, Tiago Daniel
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
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Ferrante, Maurizio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6067173982945625
The applications of duplex stainless steels are growing steadily in fields such as the paper, foodstuff, chemical and petrochemical industries. However, one drawback is cost, mainly due to the presence of Ni and Mo. Recently, by the total or partial replacement of by N and Mn, both strong austenite stabilizers, the so-called lean duplex stainless steel´s family was developed. As a consequence of the new composition some properties are changed with respect to the conventional duplex steels, of which the S32205 is the most widely known. The present work is meant to be a comprehensive study of the S32101 steel, in which microstructure, tensile and impact properties, and corrosion behaviour in FeCl3.6H2O, were investigated on welded joints produced by the TIG process, in which two different heat inputs, 1.3 and 0.9 kJ/mm, were employed. Additionally, the weld cooling rate was measured in the ZTA and bending tests were performed. Results showed that the microstructure was almost unaffected by the weld cycle, regardless the cooling rate. In the ZTA the α/ ratio was larger than one, and in the weld metal was slightly biased towards austenite. A fine precipitation of Cr2N was detected in the ferritic regions of the ZTA’. Tensile strength of the welded joint was higher than that of the S32205 steel, with the fracture always taking place in the weld metal. The impact energy of the weld metal produced with the higher heat input (sample AA) was equal to 72 J, that is, almost 85% higher than that of sample BA. However, the ZTA impact energy was much lower and was unaffected by the different heat inputs. The fracture surfaces show weld metal with normal appearance, that is, shear lips and brittle areas, base metal with delaminations, and ZTA with similar features, suggesting that the crack, originally located in the ZTA, may have been deflected towards the base metal. As for the corrosion behaviour, although pits were observed main along the ZTA of both samples, the one with the higher heat input was more affected.
Determinantes da eficiência técnica da produção de cana-de-açúcar brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Coelho, Luísa Fancelli
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2510196634205211
Brazil is currently the world’s largest producer of sugarcane and the importance of this sector has been occurring since the colonial period and has strengthened its relevance in the international market. The increase on the interest of sugarcane reflects an international demand for clean energy and the growing concern with the reduction of greenhouse gases turning Brazil a relevant pole of production. Due to the economic, social and environmental importance that the production of sugarcane and ethanol exert on Brazil, an analysis of the efficiency of these sectors was carried out. The efficiency measure was performed using the data envelopment analysis (DEA). The objective was to calculate the technical efficiency in the production of sugarcane for a sample of municipalities in the states of São Paulo, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso using data from the 2017 Agricultural Census, released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2017). Additionally, a Tobit model was used to identify the socioeconomical variables affecting sugarcane production efficiencies. There was a concentration of sugarcane production in the mesoregions of Ribeirão Preto and São José do Rio Preto in São Paulo and Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba in Minas Gerais. The results pointed that the municipalities with the biggest proportion of rural credit use had higher levels of efficiency in São Paulo. Minas Gerais showed a significant and positive influence regarding to the revenue from sugarcane. The state of Goiás was the only one that showed a positive influence of smallholder farms on efficiencies, while the state of Mato Grosso was the only one that showed positive significance for the average age of the population.
Efeito da melatonina sobre marcadores teciduais e séricos de dano muscular esquelético induzido por exercício físico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Infante, Nick Alexandre
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Beck, Wladimir Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124811889307056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5112511180624317
Physical exercise can cause muscle damage, commonly called exercise-induced muscle damage (DMIE), triggering several events which will initiate the repair process of this tissue through the activation of satellite cells (CS). The transcription factor PAX7 is used as a CS marker, being expressed during the quiescence, activation and proliferation of these cells. The literature presents some therapeutic resources aimed at reducing damage or even accelerating the muscle repair process, acting on inflammation or oxidative stress. With anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant actions, melatonin could be used as one of these therapeutic resources. Experiment I aimed to identify the best prescription for the skeletal muscle damage (PID) induction protocol, using 35 Wistar rats divided into 7 groups: control (CL), protocol 1 (P1), protocol 2 (P2), protocol 3 (P3), protocol 4 (P4), protocol 5 (P5), protocol 6 (P6). The morphological changes found in the white portion of the gastrocnemius muscle through the hematoxylin and eosin technique, the greater depletion in the glycogen content of the same muscle, 24 hours after exercise (P1 -25.24%) compared to the CL group and the high concentrations serum creatine kinase MM (CK-MM) (592.19±190.23 U/L) during the same period demonstrate the efficiency of P1 in causing skeletal muscle damage and justifies its choice for PID. Experiment II aimed to analyze the effects of melatonin on tissue and serum markers of physical exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage, comprising 70 Wistar rats divided into 7 groups: control group (CL), which received vehicle solution (ethanol and NaCl) and were euthanized at 98 days of age and six groups which received melatonin or not immediately after the PID and were euthanized 24, 48 or 72 hours after the exercise (E24), (E48), (E72), (EM24), (EM48) and (EM72). Blood was collected to analyze the concentration of CK-MM and lactate dehydrogenase and white gastrocnemius for quantification of PAX7 expression by immunofluorescence. Data were presented as mean and standard deviation, and the One-way or two-level factorial ANOVA tests were performed with Newman-Keuls post hoc when necessary, as well as the dependent and independent t test, assuming a significance level of 5%. There was an effect of time on serum CK-MM concentrations in animals euthanized 48 hours (F=3.27; p<0.05) compared to rats euthanized 24 and 72 hours after PID. The EM48 group, on the other hand, showed a significant reduction (p=0.010) in the concentrations of this enzyme compared to the E48 group. There was a reduction in PAX7 expression in animals that received melatonin compared to animals that received vehicle solution (F=13.90; p=0.001). Melatonin was able to reduce muscle damage demonstrated by the decrease in the serum concentration of CK-MM, also resulting in a reduction in the expression of PAX7.
Práticas sustentáveis e o impacto no desempenho de pequenas propriedades cafeeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-09)
Carvalho, Adriele Talita
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3005992417964302
Due to the increasingly competitive market, the demand of consumers and customers to acquire high quality and sustainably produced coffees has been growing. Small coffee producers that aim to supply this market can resort to adopting sustainable practices established by socio-environmental certifications. The process of adopting such practices becomes more viable, especially for small producers, when they join Cooperatives. Cooperatives, especially the most developed ones, encourage and disseminate sustainable practices to all their members, whether they are certified or not. There is a research gap on what impacts sustainable practices have on the performance of small coffee farms. This dissertation aims to analyze whether the practices of environmental sustainability, management and economic sustainability impact the economic performance and welfare of the producer and the performance in productivity and quality of small coffee properties located in the southern region of Minas Gerais. A systematic literature review was carried out in order to develop a robust theoretical basis on the topic, and a total of 64 articles were selected and analyzed. Then, an empirical research was developed through a survey and the data were analyzed with the statistical technique Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in a sample of 60 small coffee producers. The most relevant relationship was the impact of management practices and economic sustainability on the economic performance and well-being of the producer. This dissertation provides contributions to the literature by presenting an up-to-date overview of the subject, and to the knowledge of professionals in the field by presenting suggestions on which sustainable practices should be encouraged to improve the performance of small coffee farms.
Estudo de seguimento das alterações cardiorrespiratórias e seu impacto na capacidade de exercício físico em pacientes com sobreposição de ICC e DPOC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-09)
Santos, Polliana Batista dos
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Simões, Rodrigo Polaquini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2731345085062145
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Silva, Audrey Borghi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
This thesis consisted of 2 studies that will be described below: The study I, entitled "Left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy, right and left cardiac function in chronic heart failure with or without coexisting COPD: Impact on exercise performance", aimed to evaluate 1) the impact of left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy (LVEH) on exercise performance in patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure (HF) with or without the coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 2) the relationship between measures of left and right cardiac function obtained by Doppler echocardiography, clinical features and measures of cardiorespiratory fitness. The study included 46 HF patients with reduced or borderline ejection fraction and LVEH, and of these 23 patients were also diagnosed with COPD, who underwent advanced pulmonary function tests, echocardiography and incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in cycle ergometer. Patients in the HF+COPD group had a lower workload at peak exercise, lower oxygen consumption (VO2), oxygen pulse (PO2), double product (DP), circulatory power (PC) and ventilatory power (PV) when compared to patients diagnosed with HF only. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between VP and relative wall thickness (r: 0.45 p: 0.03), VE/VCO2 intercept and mitral E/e’ ratio (r: 0.70 p: 0.003) in the HF group. Significant correlations were found between indexed left ventricle mass and RPP (r:−0.47; p: 0.02) and relative VO2 with right ventricle diameter (r:−0.62; p: 0.001) in the HF+COPD group. Our data suggests that combined diagnosis of HF+COPD induced further impairments in cardiorespiratory fitness. Moreover, echocardiographic measures of cardiac function are related to cardiopulmonary exercise performance and therefore appears to be an important therapeutic target when attempting to improve exercise capacity and functional performance of these patients. The study II, entitled "Responses to incremental exercise and the impact of the coexistence of HF and COPD on exercise capacity: a follow-up study" aimed to evaluate: 1) the prevalence of coexistence of HF and COPD in the studied population; 2) the impact of HF+COPD on exercise performance and contrasting exercise responses in patients with only a diagnosis of HF or COPD; and 3) the relationship between clinical characteristics and measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and; 4) verify the occurrence of cardiopulmonary events in the 24-month follow-up period. The study included 124 patients (HF: 46, COPD: 53 and HF+COPD: 25) who initially underwent advanced pulmonary function tests and echocardiography to confirm the diagnosis and stratify the degree of disease severity and subsequently underwent CPET on a cycle ergometer. After performing the CPET, the individuals were followed for a period of 24 months through biannual telephone contacts, where patients or their caregivers answered a questionnaire with questions about the occurrence of exacerbations, hospitalizations, worsening of symptoms or death. Patients in the HF+COPD group demonstrated a lower workrate at peak test (WR), V̇O2, RPP, CP and VP compared to those diagnosed with only HF and COPD. In addition, significant correlations were observed between lean mass and peak V̇O2 (r: 0.56 p< 0.001), lean mass and the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) (r: 0.42 p<0.001), lean mass and O2 pulse (r: 0.58 p<0.001). The lung diffusion of carbon monoxide (DLCO) was correlated with WR (r: 0.51 p <0.001) and PV (r: 0.40 p: 0.002). Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) is related to V̇O2 (r: 0.52; p <0.001) and WR (r: 0.62; p <0.001). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of cardiopulmonary events and deaths contrasting both groups. The coexistence of HF+COPD induces greater impairment on exercise performance when compared to patients without overlapping diseases, however the overlap of the two diseases did not increase the probability of the occurrence of cardiopulmonary events and deaths when compared to groups with isolated diseases in the period studied. CPET provides important information to guide effective strategies for these patients with the goal of improving exercise performance and functional capacity. Moreover, given our findings related to pulmonary function, body composition and exercise responses, evidenced that the lean mass, FEV1 and DLCO influence important responses to exercise.
Comportamento de oxidação em temperaturas elevadas de ligas NiTiNb com efeito memória de forma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Martins Júnior, Claudio Beserra
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
Shape memory alloys (SMA) of the Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) system are currently the most commercially important, due to their excellent mechanical properties, high shape recovery and biocompatibility. Such a unique set of properties has led this class of materials to find a wide range of applications in various industrial sectors. However, obtaining these alloys at a low production cost is still a major challenge for the industry, largely due to oxidation during the processing, which can negatively affect the shape memory effect (SME). Thus, investigations to improve the oxidation resistance of these alloys deserve attention. Despite being little explored, the Nb addition, up to 7 at.%, has proven to be very effective in reducing oxidation rates. Research with higher contents has not been found in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of Nb addition at contents between 9 at.% and 12 at.% on the high temperature oxidation behavior of NiTi SMA, by means of thermogravimetric analyses for up to 100 h at temperatures of 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1,000 °C. It was found that at all the studied temperatures, the alloys followed the parabolic oxidation rate law, and the Nb addition reduced the rate constants (kp) by at least 8 times. The formed oxide layer was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis system (SEM/EDS). The improvement in oxidation resistance was explained in terms of Nb rich regions forming in the oxidation product layer, where the replacement of Ti4+ by Nb5+ reduces the number of defects that influence oxidation rates. It was also seen that the addition of Nb improves the adhesion of the layer.
Administração aguda de melatonina na performance e recuperação metabólica após esforço exaustivo: uma investigação sobre o metabolismo intermediário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Faria, Vinícius Silva
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Beck, Wladimir Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124811889307056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9742358679641713
Melatonin is an amphiphilic indoleamine, mainly synthesized by the pineal gland. Evidences demonstrates its ergogenic role in long-term aerobic exercise, as well as its modulating role in energy metabolism. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on exercise tolerance, proteins involved in intermediary metabolism and their energy substrates in rats submitted to exhaustive swimming exercise at an intensity corresponding to maximum aerobic capacity. Sixty-eight Wistar rats were evaluated, divided into 7 groups: control (Ct: n = 10), treated with melatonin and euthanized 1 h (M1: n = 9) or 3 h after the last procedures (M3: n = 9), exercised group and euthanized 1 h (Ex1: n = 10) or 3 h after the time to exhaustion test (tlim) (Ex3: n = 10), treated with melatonin, exercised and euthanized 1 h (ME1: n = 10) or 3 h after the tlim (ME3: n = 10). After adaptation to the liquid environment, the incremental test was performed to determine the intensity of effort corresponding to the maximal individual aerobic capacity. After 48 hours, the animals received vehicle solution or melatonin (10 mg.kg-1) and 30 minutes later they were submitted to tlim. Blood was collected to analyze the concentration of glucose and triglyceride; skeletal muscle tissue (gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius red and white) to quantify the content of glycogen and triglyceride and soleus to quantify GLUT4, FAT CD36 PGC-1α, and NRF-1; liver was collected for quantification of glycogen content. Data were presented as mean ± standard error, submitted to the independent student t test (tlim); One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (lactacidemia and % body mass); Two-way ANOVA (all other analyses) and Newman-Keuls post hoc. A significance level of 5% was established. The results were divided into chapters 1 and 2. In chapter 1, the animals treated with melatonin had higher content of muscle glycogen and GLUT4 when compared to the control (p < 0.05). Furthermore, animals treated with melatonin showed an increase in performance compared to animals treated with vehicle solution (p = 0.01). In the presence of melatonin, there was a significant increase in the glycogen content 3 h after exercise (ME3; p < 0.05), while in the absence of melatonin no difference was demonstrated (Ex3; p > 0.05), possibly due to GLUT4 increase demonstrated by ME1 and ME3 groups (p < 0.05). Regarding the triglyceride content, there was an increase 1 h after exercise in the presence of melatonin (ME1; p < 0.05), while in the absence of administered hormone, this increase occurred only 3 h after exercise (Ex3; p < 0, 05). In chapter 2, the animals treated with melatonin and exercised showed increased expression of PGC-1α and NRF-1 compared to the control (p < 0.05). Regarding the lipid profile, there was a reduction in animals treated with melatonin compared to animals treated with vehicle (p < 0.05). While, for the glycogen content, there was an increase in animals that received melatonin. Thus, the present study demonstrated that the administration of melatonin increased the availability of glycidic substrates and GLUT4 in skeletal muscle tissue and promoted greater tolerance to physical exercise. Furthermore, melatonin accelerated the replacement of energy substrates and increased GLUT4, FAT CD36 and PGC-1α in exercised skeletal muscle, improving the cellular environment for future efforts, at least from a bioenergetic point of view.
SKAM: fenômeno transmídia norueguês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Cunha, Luiz Eduardo Maués
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5768207848019429
In the expansive process of communication media and technologies, media convergence has diversified the productive and creative chain of audiovisual narratives, changing the media landscape, previously fixed as a straight line between production, at one extreme, and consumption, at the other extreme, to a new fluid in which the producer and the consumer can – and constantly do – change places. In this ressearch, the action of the audience in the SKAM transmedia storytelling will be discussed, produced by the Norwegian public television service, but widely disseminated by viewers inside and outside their country. In this way, it will be about the function of Norwegian public TV, the transmediation of the narrative, the collective engagement and the internationalization of the franchise, in order to feel the role of the audience in a transmedia diagram of production. This public is at the same time a citizen - and therefore served by the Norwegian public service, and a publicizing and internationalizing agent of the franchise - insofar as it was fundamental for SKAM to depend on the physical limits of the Norwegian territory.
A cobrança: os sensos de justiça das facções do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Jara, Simon Rodrigo da Costa
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8043093064312531
This thesis deals with the institution of criminal reckonings in Maranhão, understood as a device for mediation and conflict resolution in territories disputed by criminal factions. Combining an ethnographic research of documents with the historical and sociological literature on the subject, we seek to extract the senses of justice - arbitration of damages and responsibilities - that guide the punishments carried out through this device. We understand the reckonings as a result of the transformation of relations between criminals who, consolidating the influence of its normative regime in the peripheral neighborhoods of the "Grande Ilha", establish a set of ethical-political norms that regulate the everyday conflicts. Since criminal groups are formed in a intricate process of struggle within jails and streets, their justice will also reveal sensitive to the contours assumed by this factional war, fundamentally differentiating the justice offered to the pairs, from that offered to enemies.
Proposta de modelo de maturidade Lean Quality para construtoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-13)
Rodegheri, Priscila Mirapalhete
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Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9298897358199618
The Brazilian construction industry has been intensifying the adoption of management systems based on quality. It has advanced in studying its processes in search of improved productivity, delivering higher-value products to its customers. In addition to the quality management system, construction companies have adopted Lean Construction (LC) to achieve high performance through a focus on the value expected by the customer. Linking these two management strategies, quality, and LC, emerge the Lean Quality (LQ) approach, highlighting a focus on quality management, understanding customer value expectations, and pursuing perfection. The LQ is a management strategy associated with the organizational culture and, to achieve its adoption goals, it is essential to measure the maturity of this strategy. Therefore, this research purpose a model for maturity diagnoses for LQ in Brazilian construction companies. For this, the Design Science Research (DSR) research strategy was adopted, conducting a literature review, developing, implementing, and evaluating the purposed artifact of maturity assessment, named Lean Quality Maturity Model (LQMM). This artifact has been tested in two construction companies, and its contribution to the companies was evaluated based on the participants' perceptions. This research purposes an LQ dimensions for Brazilian construction as a theoretical research outcome. The LQMM is recognized as a valid artifact from the results, and it consistently demonstrates the company's LQ maturity. Furthermore, the LQ dimensions purposed indicate to be coherent with the Brazilian construction context.
Relação entre características funcionais e desempenho de espécies arbóreas na restauração florestal: uma abordagem experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-13)
Galetti, Gustavo
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3349175563124528
The successful restoration of deforested forests initially depends on the selection of species capable of establishing themselves in the degraded site. To facilitate the choice of species, classification into successional groups is commonly used, most often in pioneer and non pioneer species. However, this classification has been confusing due to the large number of parameters that can be used, making it difficult to compare the results of different studies on forest restoration. In this context, the study of functional traits of tree species can help to choose the appropriate composition of species to be reintroduced, as understanding the correlations between different characteristics and their interactions with abiotic components makes it possible to make better predictions of species performance. In the first chapter of this study, we evaluated the survival and initial growth of plants from 30 species reintroduced into an area of deforested forest, over the course of the first year of plant development. We describe the variation of functional traits of plants at the seedling stage and relate it to pre-established successional groups, pioneers and non-pioneers. Furthermore, we describe the initial growth of the plants, which allows us to quantify the variation in the rate of instantaneous increase in biomass over time. Our results showed the fast-slow growth continuum based on resource allocation strategies rather than a clear distinction between pioneer and non-pioneer species. Functional traits associated with acquisitive traits, such as high values of specific leaf area and proportion of biomass allocated to roots, and low values of leaf dry mass content and seed mass, tended to be more common among pioneer species, but were not associated with species classified as non-pioneers. Furthermore, this study showed that functional traits influenced species survival and growth patterns. In the second chapter, we evaluated the phenotypic plasticity of eight tree species during four months as a function of variation in soil chemical parameters. Our results showed that species with acquisitive characteristics had greater biomass plasticity as a function of variation in soil chemical parameters. The biomass of these species increased in soil treatments with addition of organic matter. Conservative species did not respond to different soil treatments, showing that initially their growth is less dependent on soil conditions. In addition, we evaluated the intraspecific variation of leaf and root traits as a function of plant growth, and indirectly in response to soil conditions. The allocation of resources for the formation of the root system decreased with plant growth, which is related to the environment where the limiting resource was found, in this case, below ground. Overall, we show that attributes influence growth rates and species in the field. Furthermore, the variation in the size of individuals of acquisitive species initially responds to soil conditions. Therefore, functional traits can be used to predict plant performance in response to environmental conditions in degraded areas, thus aiding in more efficient planning of forest restoration projects.
O ensino de rítmica na banda municipal de Itirapina - SP: relato de experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-14)
Soares, Woelington Eduardo
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Carvalho, Isamara Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7634525753891601
This Experience Report aims to present the process of involvement, assessment and decision-making, in a series of four classes, which address the practice of rhythmic reading, under the reference of names such as Émile Jacques-Dalcroze, Carl Orff and Lucas Ciavatta, who used similar teaching standards in the issue of identification and rhythmic production through the body, being an inspiration for the search for activities that adhere to the methods of these authors. These authors produced works that were decisive for the development of this report, considering that I tried to bring to my classes elements taken from books and articles, as well as works produced by other people who quoted them and interpreted their methodologies. Given what was applied to the members of the Municipal Music Band of Itirapina-SP, in the second half of 2019, based on the observations of what was proposed with what was done, it is possible to understand the learning process of those involved, according to their limitations.