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Saberes tradicionais e tabus entre mulheres ribeirinhas do Lago Amanã (AM) e quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-06)
Souza, Tamires de Lima
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Prado, Helbert Medeiros
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7266995448306223
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8234134830532293
Food prohibitions involve cultural, social, and biological factors that impact the way individuals interact with natural resources in their environment. This dissertation aimed to understand how food taboos and restrictions are structured among ribeirinhas women of Amanã Lake (AM) and quilombolas of Ribeira Valley (SP). To this end, we have adopted an ethnographic-oriented ethnoecological approach in the field. During the fieldwork, we combined the use of participant observation, informal conversations, and semi-structured interviews. We have documented 97 food items under restriction, 56 among quilombolas, and 51 items cited by the ribeirinhas. Hot-cold/dry-wet syndrome was prevalent in the Ribeira Valley while the system of reima dominated the reports in the Amanã Lake. Making use of categories of purity and ambiguity proposed by Mary Douglas we could access the classificatory (or epistemic) dimension of items subject to interdictions. Based on Philippe Descola’s theory of analogism, we infer the ontological foundations of local beliefs in danger related to taboos in the two ethnographic contexts. In this perspective, we could observe relevant similarities between the two areas. In sum, the comparative fashion of this study points out some regularities with which beliefs in taboos can manifest in the Brazilian rural context in general.
Estudo teórico e experimental da interação de elétrons com moléculas de interesse astroquímico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Mata, Victor Augusto Santana da
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Souza, Gabriel Luiz Cruz de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2821352329397835
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Homem, Manoel Gustavo Petrucelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2059356773212608
We performed a theoretical and experimental investigation on electron (e⁻) scattering by molecules of astrochemical interest. Theoretically, we obtained elastic differential (DCSs), integral (ICSs) and momentum-transfer (MTCSs) cross sections, total (TCSs) and total absorption (TACSs) cross sections for electron collisions with cyanoacetylene (HC₃N), acetonitrile (CH₃CN), isocyanic acid (HNCO), chloroform (CHCl₃), and chlorobenzene (C₆H₅Cl) molecules in the 0.1 to 1000 eV incident electron energy-range (E₀) by using ePolyScat codes (D and E3 versions). Presently, important developments in E3 version were performed in order to include the account of absorption effects (already present in D version). Thus, one uses a complex optical potential to represent the e⁻-molecule dynamics. In the methodology applied by ePolyScat, the wave function and the interaction potentials are single-center expanded, and the scattering equations are solved iteratively with the Padé’s approximants technique. The effectiveness of the modification in ePolyScat-E3 is verified by the good agreement with experimental data and other theories. Calculations were also performed using the independent atom model (IAM). Experimentally, DCSs data were obtained for E₀ from 20 up to 800 eV applying the relative flow technique (RFT) for chloroform and chlorobenzene. In the E₀ < 50 eV region, DCSs data were also measured at CSUF by Prof. M. A. Khakoo in collaboration, allowing the comparison between the theoretical and experimental data in a large energy range (0.5 ≤ E₀ ≤ 800 eV). Obtaining DCSs for non-chlorinated molecules was made impossible by COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, a significant experimental advance was performed, making possible the synthesis of HC₃N samples at UFSCar. For such molecule, we obtained but one set of DCSs at E₀ = 20 eV. We generally observe a good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results obtained in the present work and other data available.
Geografia e inovação: o Parque Tecnológico de Sorocaba e as alterações na estrutura industrial da região administrativa de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Oliveira, Willian Prestes de
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Silva, Carlos Henrique Costa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5444248390841543
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2123422609321128
This thesis aims to understand how much the actions of the State authority in Sorocaba benefited the municipality and the region in the process of productive restructuring in the state of São Paulo, ensuring the attraction of industries, especially sectors of greater technological intensity to settle in the territory. For the development of the research, it is guided by the authors who deepen the entitled The Geography of Innovation also highlighting the discussions on the attraction factors of industrial activity, the constituent elements of innovation systems, Local Productive Arrangements, and regional innovation systems. It directly addresses elements already established in the region, such as transport infrastructure and higher education institutions, and also those recently created by the State authority in the region of Sorocaba, which makes it an area of interest for the development of industrial activity and for the improvement of regional culture of innovation, highlighting the Sorocaba Technological Park created to serve as a space for interaction between universities, research institutions and companies linked to the technology sector. Ultimately, it undertakes a comprehensive survey of data referring to recent economic transformations in the city and in the Administrative Region of Sorocaba through the data from the IBGE and the RAIS/CAGED platform, analyzing the evolution of the productive structure of Sorocaba using the classification of industrial activities by level of technological intensity, based on the parameters established by the OECD and CNAE 2.0, with greater emphasis on the High Technological Intensity, Medium-High Technological Intensity sectors, jointly considering data on the evolution of the numbers of establishments, sectoral participation in the value of State industrial transformation and on labor in the period of 2008 and 2018.
Aço inoxidável duplex de baixa liga, S32101: uma visão tecnológica sobre resistência mecânica, impacto, corrosão localizada e microestrutura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Ferezin, Tiago Daniel
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
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Ferrante, Maurizio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6067173982945625
The applications of duplex stainless steels are growing steadily in fields such as the paper, foodstuff, chemical and petrochemical industries. However, one drawback is cost, mainly due to the presence of Ni and Mo. Recently, by the total or partial replacement of by N and Mn, both strong austenite stabilizers, the so-called lean duplex stainless steel´s family was developed. As a consequence of the new composition some properties are changed with respect to the conventional duplex steels, of which the S32205 is the most widely known. The present work is meant to be a comprehensive study of the S32101 steel, in which microstructure, tensile and impact properties, and corrosion behaviour in FeCl3.6H2O, were investigated on welded joints produced by the TIG process, in which two different heat inputs, 1.3 and 0.9 kJ/mm, were employed. Additionally, the weld cooling rate was measured in the ZTA and bending tests were performed. Results showed that the microstructure was almost unaffected by the weld cycle, regardless the cooling rate. In the ZTA the α/ ratio was larger than one, and in the weld metal was slightly biased towards austenite. A fine precipitation of Cr2N was detected in the ferritic regions of the ZTA’. Tensile strength of the welded joint was higher than that of the S32205 steel, with the fracture always taking place in the weld metal. The impact energy of the weld metal produced with the higher heat input (sample AA) was equal to 72 J, that is, almost 85% higher than that of sample BA. However, the ZTA impact energy was much lower and was unaffected by the different heat inputs. The fracture surfaces show weld metal with normal appearance, that is, shear lips and brittle areas, base metal with delaminations, and ZTA with similar features, suggesting that the crack, originally located in the ZTA, may have been deflected towards the base metal. As for the corrosion behaviour, although pits were observed main along the ZTA of both samples, the one with the higher heat input was more affected.
Determinantes da eficiência técnica da produção de cana-de-açúcar brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Coelho, Luísa Fancelli
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2510196634205211
Brazil is currently the world’s largest producer of sugarcane and the importance of this sector has been occurring since the colonial period and has strengthened its relevance in the international market. The increase on the interest of sugarcane reflects an international demand for clean energy and the growing concern with the reduction of greenhouse gases turning Brazil a relevant pole of production. Due to the economic, social and environmental importance that the production of sugarcane and ethanol exert on Brazil, an analysis of the efficiency of these sectors was carried out. The efficiency measure was performed using the data envelopment analysis (DEA). The objective was to calculate the technical efficiency in the production of sugarcane for a sample of municipalities in the states of São Paulo, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso using data from the 2017 Agricultural Census, released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2017). Additionally, a Tobit model was used to identify the socioeconomical variables affecting sugarcane production efficiencies. There was a concentration of sugarcane production in the mesoregions of Ribeirão Preto and São José do Rio Preto in São Paulo and Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba in Minas Gerais. The results pointed that the municipalities with the biggest proportion of rural credit use had higher levels of efficiency in São Paulo. Minas Gerais showed a significant and positive influence regarding to the revenue from sugarcane. The state of Goiás was the only one that showed a positive influence of smallholder farms on efficiencies, while the state of Mato Grosso was the only one that showed positive significance for the average age of the population.
Efeito da melatonina sobre marcadores teciduais e séricos de dano muscular esquelético induzido por exercício físico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-08)
Infante, Nick Alexandre
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Beck, Wladimir Rafael
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124811889307056
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5112511180624317
Physical exercise can cause muscle damage, commonly called exercise-induced muscle damage (DMIE), triggering several events which will initiate the repair process of this tissue through the activation of satellite cells (CS). The transcription factor PAX7 is used as a CS marker, being expressed during the quiescence, activation and proliferation of these cells. The literature presents some therapeutic resources aimed at reducing damage or even accelerating the muscle repair process, acting on inflammation or oxidative stress. With anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant actions, melatonin could be used as one of these therapeutic resources. Experiment I aimed to identify the best prescription for the skeletal muscle damage (PID) induction protocol, using 35 Wistar rats divided into 7 groups: control (CL), protocol 1 (P1), protocol 2 (P2), protocol 3 (P3), protocol 4 (P4), protocol 5 (P5), protocol 6 (P6). The morphological changes found in the white portion of the gastrocnemius muscle through the hematoxylin and eosin technique, the greater depletion in the glycogen content of the same muscle, 24 hours after exercise (P1 -25.24%) compared to the CL group and the high concentrations serum creatine kinase MM (CK-MM) (592.19±190.23 U/L) during the same period demonstrate the efficiency of P1 in causing skeletal muscle damage and justifies its choice for PID. Experiment II aimed to analyze the effects of melatonin on tissue and serum markers of physical exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage, comprising 70 Wistar rats divided into 7 groups: control group (CL), which received vehicle solution (ethanol and NaCl) and were euthanized at 98 days of age and six groups which received melatonin or not immediately after the PID and were euthanized 24, 48 or 72 hours after the exercise (E24), (E48), (E72), (EM24), (EM48) and (EM72). Blood was collected to analyze the concentration of CK-MM and lactate dehydrogenase and white gastrocnemius for quantification of PAX7 expression by immunofluorescence. Data were presented as mean and standard deviation, and the One-way or two-level factorial ANOVA tests were performed with Newman-Keuls post hoc when necessary, as well as the dependent and independent t test, assuming a significance level of 5%. There was an effect of time on serum CK-MM concentrations in animals euthanized 48 hours (F=3.27; p<0.05) compared to rats euthanized 24 and 72 hours after PID. The EM48 group, on the other hand, showed a significant reduction (p=0.010) in the concentrations of this enzyme compared to the E48 group. There was a reduction in PAX7 expression in animals that received melatonin compared to animals that received vehicle solution (F=13.90; p=0.001). Melatonin was able to reduce muscle damage demonstrated by the decrease in the serum concentration of CK-MM, also resulting in a reduction in the expression of PAX7.
Práticas sustentáveis e o impacto no desempenho de pequenas propriedades cafeeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-09)
Carvalho, Adriele Talita
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3005992417964302
Due to the increasingly competitive market, the demand of consumers and customers to acquire high quality and sustainably produced coffees has been growing. Small coffee producers that aim to supply this market can resort to adopting sustainable practices established by socio-environmental certifications. The process of adopting such practices becomes more viable, especially for small producers, when they join Cooperatives. Cooperatives, especially the most developed ones, encourage and disseminate sustainable practices to all their members, whether they are certified or not. There is a research gap on what impacts sustainable practices have on the performance of small coffee farms. This dissertation aims to analyze whether the practices of environmental sustainability, management and economic sustainability impact the economic performance and welfare of the producer and the performance in productivity and quality of small coffee properties located in the southern region of Minas Gerais. A systematic literature review was carried out in order to develop a robust theoretical basis on the topic, and a total of 64 articles were selected and analyzed. Then, an empirical research was developed through a survey and the data were analyzed with the statistical technique Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in a sample of 60 small coffee producers. The most relevant relationship was the impact of management practices and economic sustainability on the economic performance and well-being of the producer. This dissertation provides contributions to the literature by presenting an up-to-date overview of the subject, and to the knowledge of professionals in the field by presenting suggestions on which sustainable practices should be encouraged to improve the performance of small coffee farms.
Estudo de seguimento das alterações cardiorrespiratórias e seu impacto na capacidade de exercício físico em pacientes com sobreposição de ICC e DPOC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-09)
Santos, Polliana Batista dos
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Simões, Rodrigo Polaquini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2731345085062145
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Silva, Audrey Borghi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
This thesis consisted of 2 studies that will be described below: The study I, entitled "Left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy, right and left cardiac function in chronic heart failure with or without coexisting COPD: Impact on exercise performance", aimed to evaluate 1) the impact of left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy (LVEH) on exercise performance in patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure (HF) with or without the coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 2) the relationship between measures of left and right cardiac function obtained by Doppler echocardiography, clinical features and measures of cardiorespiratory fitness. The study included 46 HF patients with reduced or borderline ejection fraction and LVEH, and of these 23 patients were also diagnosed with COPD, who underwent advanced pulmonary function tests, echocardiography and incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in cycle ergometer. Patients in the HF+COPD group had a lower workload at peak exercise, lower oxygen consumption (VO2), oxygen pulse (PO2), double product (DP), circulatory power (PC) and ventilatory power (PV) when compared to patients diagnosed with HF only. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between VP and relative wall thickness (r: 0.45 p: 0.03), VE/VCO2 intercept and mitral E/e’ ratio (r: 0.70 p: 0.003) in the HF group. Significant correlations were found between indexed left ventricle mass and RPP (r:−0.47; p: 0.02) and relative VO2 with right ventricle diameter (r:−0.62; p: 0.001) in the HF+COPD group. Our data suggests that combined diagnosis of HF+COPD induced further impairments in cardiorespiratory fitness. Moreover, echocardiographic measures of cardiac function are related to cardiopulmonary exercise performance and therefore appears to be an important therapeutic target when attempting to improve exercise capacity and functional performance of these patients. The study II, entitled "Responses to incremental exercise and the impact of the coexistence of HF and COPD on exercise capacity: a follow-up study" aimed to evaluate: 1) the prevalence of coexistence of HF and COPD in the studied population; 2) the impact of HF+COPD on exercise performance and contrasting exercise responses in patients with only a diagnosis of HF or COPD; and 3) the relationship between clinical characteristics and measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and; 4) verify the occurrence of cardiopulmonary events in the 24-month follow-up period. The study included 124 patients (HF: 46, COPD: 53 and HF+COPD: 25) who initially underwent advanced pulmonary function tests and echocardiography to confirm the diagnosis and stratify the degree of disease severity and subsequently underwent CPET on a cycle ergometer. After performing the CPET, the individuals were followed for a period of 24 months through biannual telephone contacts, where patients or their caregivers answered a questionnaire with questions about the occurrence of exacerbations, hospitalizations, worsening of symptoms or death. Patients in the HF+COPD group demonstrated a lower workrate at peak test (WR), V̇O2, RPP, CP and VP compared to those diagnosed with only HF and COPD. In addition, significant correlations were observed between lean mass and peak V̇O2 (r: 0.56 p< 0.001), lean mass and the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) (r: 0.42 p<0.001), lean mass and O2 pulse (r: 0.58 p<0.001). The lung diffusion of carbon monoxide (DLCO) was correlated with WR (r: 0.51 p <0.001) and PV (r: 0.40 p: 0.002). Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) is related to V̇O2 (r: 0.52; p <0.001) and WR (r: 0.62; p <0.001). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of cardiopulmonary events and deaths contrasting both groups. The coexistence of HF+COPD induces greater impairment on exercise performance when compared to patients without overlapping diseases, however the overlap of the two diseases did not increase the probability of the occurrence of cardiopulmonary events and deaths when compared to groups with isolated diseases in the period studied. CPET provides important information to guide effective strategies for these patients with the goal of improving exercise performance and functional capacity. Moreover, given our findings related to pulmonary function, body composition and exercise responses, evidenced that the lean mass, FEV1 and DLCO influence important responses to exercise.
Comportamento de oxidação em temperaturas elevadas de ligas NiTiNb com efeito memória de forma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Martins Júnior, Claudio Beserra
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
Shape memory alloys (SMA) of the Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) system are currently the most commercially important, due to their excellent mechanical properties, high shape recovery and biocompatibility. Such a unique set of properties has led this class of materials to find a wide range of applications in various industrial sectors. However, obtaining these alloys at a low production cost is still a major challenge for the industry, largely due to oxidation during the processing, which can negatively affect the shape memory effect (SME). Thus, investigations to improve the oxidation resistance of these alloys deserve attention. Despite being little explored, the Nb addition, up to 7 at.%, has proven to be very effective in reducing oxidation rates. Research with higher contents has not been found in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of Nb addition at contents between 9 at.% and 12 at.% on the high temperature oxidation behavior of NiTi SMA, by means of thermogravimetric analyses for up to 100 h at temperatures of 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1,000 °C. It was found that at all the studied temperatures, the alloys followed the parabolic oxidation rate law, and the Nb addition reduced the rate constants (kp) by at least 8 times. The formed oxide layer was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis system (SEM/EDS). The improvement in oxidation resistance was explained in terms of Nb rich regions forming in the oxidation product layer, where the replacement of Ti4+ by Nb5+ reduces the number of defects that influence oxidation rates. It was also seen that the addition of Nb improves the adhesion of the layer.
Administração aguda de melatonina na performance e recuperação metabólica após esforço exaustivo: uma investigação sobre o metabolismo intermediário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Faria, Vinícius Silva
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Beck, Wladimir Rafael
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124811889307056
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9742358679641713
Melatonin is an amphiphilic indoleamine, mainly synthesized by the pineal gland. Evidences demonstrates its ergogenic role in long-term aerobic exercise, as well as its modulating role in energy metabolism. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on exercise tolerance, proteins involved in intermediary metabolism and their energy substrates in rats submitted to exhaustive swimming exercise at an intensity corresponding to maximum aerobic capacity. Sixty-eight Wistar rats were evaluated, divided into 7 groups: control (Ct: n = 10), treated with melatonin and euthanized 1 h (M1: n = 9) or 3 h after the last procedures (M3: n = 9), exercised group and euthanized 1 h (Ex1: n = 10) or 3 h after the time to exhaustion test (tlim) (Ex3: n = 10), treated with melatonin, exercised and euthanized 1 h (ME1: n = 10) or 3 h after the tlim (ME3: n = 10). After adaptation to the liquid environment, the incremental test was performed to determine the intensity of effort corresponding to the maximal individual aerobic capacity. After 48 hours, the animals received vehicle solution or melatonin (10 mg.kg-1) and 30 minutes later they were submitted to tlim. Blood was collected to analyze the concentration of glucose and triglyceride; skeletal muscle tissue (gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius red and white) to quantify the content of glycogen and triglyceride and soleus to quantify GLUT4, FAT CD36 PGC-1α, and NRF-1; liver was collected for quantification of glycogen content. Data were presented as mean ± standard error, submitted to the independent student t test (tlim); One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (lactacidemia and % body mass); Two-way ANOVA (all other analyses) and Newman-Keuls post hoc. A significance level of 5% was established. The results were divided into chapters 1 and 2. In chapter 1, the animals treated with melatonin had higher content of muscle glycogen and GLUT4 when compared to the control (p < 0.05). Furthermore, animals treated with melatonin showed an increase in performance compared to animals treated with vehicle solution (p = 0.01). In the presence of melatonin, there was a significant increase in the glycogen content 3 h after exercise (ME3; p < 0.05), while in the absence of melatonin no difference was demonstrated (Ex3; p > 0.05), possibly due to GLUT4 increase demonstrated by ME1 and ME3 groups (p < 0.05). Regarding the triglyceride content, there was an increase 1 h after exercise in the presence of melatonin (ME1; p < 0.05), while in the absence of administered hormone, this increase occurred only 3 h after exercise (Ex3; p < 0, 05). In chapter 2, the animals treated with melatonin and exercised showed increased expression of PGC-1α and NRF-1 compared to the control (p < 0.05). Regarding the lipid profile, there was a reduction in animals treated with melatonin compared to animals treated with vehicle (p < 0.05). While, for the glycogen content, there was an increase in animals that received melatonin. Thus, the present study demonstrated that the administration of melatonin increased the availability of glycidic substrates and GLUT4 in skeletal muscle tissue and promoted greater tolerance to physical exercise. Furthermore, melatonin accelerated the replacement of energy substrates and increased GLUT4, FAT CD36 and PGC-1α in exercised skeletal muscle, improving the cellular environment for future efforts, at least from a bioenergetic point of view.
SKAM: fenômeno transmídia norueguês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Cunha, Luiz Eduardo Maués
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5768207848019429
In the expansive process of communication media and technologies, media convergence has diversified the productive and creative chain of audiovisual narratives, changing the media landscape, previously fixed as a straight line between production, at one extreme, and consumption, at the other extreme, to a new fluid in which the producer and the consumer can – and constantly do – change places. In this ressearch, the action of the audience in the SKAM transmedia storytelling will be discussed, produced by the Norwegian public television service, but widely disseminated by viewers inside and outside their country. In this way, it will be about the function of Norwegian public TV, the transmediation of the narrative, the collective engagement and the internationalization of the franchise, in order to feel the role of the audience in a transmedia diagram of production. This public is at the same time a citizen - and therefore served by the Norwegian public service, and a publicizing and internationalizing agent of the franchise - insofar as it was fundamental for SKAM to depend on the physical limits of the Norwegian territory.
A cobrança: os sensos de justiça das facções do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Jara, Simon Rodrigo da Costa
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8043093064312531
This thesis deals with the institution of criminal reckonings in Maranhão, understood as a device for mediation and conflict resolution in territories disputed by criminal factions. Combining an ethnographic research of documents with the historical and sociological literature on the subject, we seek to extract the senses of justice - arbitration of damages and responsibilities - that guide the punishments carried out through this device. We understand the reckonings as a result of the transformation of relations between criminals who, consolidating the influence of its normative regime in the peripheral neighborhoods of the "Grande Ilha", establish a set of ethical-political norms that regulate the everyday conflicts. Since criminal groups are formed in a intricate process of struggle within jails and streets, their justice will also reveal sensitive to the contours assumed by this factional war, fundamentally differentiating the justice offered to the pairs, from that offered to enemies.
Proposta de modelo de maturidade Lean Quality para construtoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-13)
Rodegheri, Priscila Mirapalhete
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Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9298897358199618
The Brazilian construction industry has been intensifying the adoption of management systems based on quality. It has advanced in studying its processes in search of improved productivity, delivering higher-value products to its customers. In addition to the quality management system, construction companies have adopted Lean Construction (LC) to achieve high performance through a focus on the value expected by the customer. Linking these two management strategies, quality, and LC, emerge the Lean Quality (LQ) approach, highlighting a focus on quality management, understanding customer value expectations, and pursuing perfection. The LQ is a management strategy associated with the organizational culture and, to achieve its adoption goals, it is essential to measure the maturity of this strategy. Therefore, this research purpose a model for maturity diagnoses for LQ in Brazilian construction companies. For this, the Design Science Research (DSR) research strategy was adopted, conducting a literature review, developing, implementing, and evaluating the purposed artifact of maturity assessment, named Lean Quality Maturity Model (LQMM). This artifact has been tested in two construction companies, and its contribution to the companies was evaluated based on the participants' perceptions. This research purposes an LQ dimensions for Brazilian construction as a theoretical research outcome. The LQMM is recognized as a valid artifact from the results, and it consistently demonstrates the company's LQ maturity. Furthermore, the LQ dimensions purposed indicate to be coherent with the Brazilian construction context.
Relação entre características funcionais e desempenho de espécies arbóreas na restauração florestal: uma abordagem experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-13)
Galetti, Gustavo
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3349175563124528
The successful restoration of deforested forests initially depends on the selection of species capable of establishing themselves in the degraded site. To facilitate the choice of species, classification into successional groups is commonly used, most often in pioneer and non pioneer species. However, this classification has been confusing due to the large number of parameters that can be used, making it difficult to compare the results of different studies on forest restoration. In this context, the study of functional traits of tree species can help to choose the appropriate composition of species to be reintroduced, as understanding the correlations between different characteristics and their interactions with abiotic components makes it possible to make better predictions of species performance. In the first chapter of this study, we evaluated the survival and initial growth of plants from 30 species reintroduced into an area of deforested forest, over the course of the first year of plant development. We describe the variation of functional traits of plants at the seedling stage and relate it to pre-established successional groups, pioneers and non-pioneers. Furthermore, we describe the initial growth of the plants, which allows us to quantify the variation in the rate of instantaneous increase in biomass over time. Our results showed the fast-slow growth continuum based on resource allocation strategies rather than a clear distinction between pioneer and non-pioneer species. Functional traits associated with acquisitive traits, such as high values of specific leaf area and proportion of biomass allocated to roots, and low values of leaf dry mass content and seed mass, tended to be more common among pioneer species, but were not associated with species classified as non-pioneers. Furthermore, this study showed that functional traits influenced species survival and growth patterns. In the second chapter, we evaluated the phenotypic plasticity of eight tree species during four months as a function of variation in soil chemical parameters. Our results showed that species with acquisitive characteristics had greater biomass plasticity as a function of variation in soil chemical parameters. The biomass of these species increased in soil treatments with addition of organic matter. Conservative species did not respond to different soil treatments, showing that initially their growth is less dependent on soil conditions. In addition, we evaluated the intraspecific variation of leaf and root traits as a function of plant growth, and indirectly in response to soil conditions. The allocation of resources for the formation of the root system decreased with plant growth, which is related to the environment where the limiting resource was found, in this case, below ground. Overall, we show that attributes influence growth rates and species in the field. Furthermore, the variation in the size of individuals of acquisitive species initially responds to soil conditions. Therefore, functional traits can be used to predict plant performance in response to environmental conditions in degraded areas, thus aiding in more efficient planning of forest restoration projects.
O ensino de rítmica na banda municipal de Itirapina - SP: relato de experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-14)
Soares, Woelington Eduardo
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Carvalho, Isamara Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7634525753891601
This Experience Report aims to present the process of involvement, assessment and decision-making, in a series of four classes, which address the practice of rhythmic reading, under the reference of names such as Émile Jacques-Dalcroze, Carl Orff and Lucas Ciavatta, who used similar teaching standards in the issue of identification and rhythmic production through the body, being an inspiration for the search for activities that adhere to the methods of these authors. These authors produced works that were decisive for the development of this report, considering that I tried to bring to my classes elements taken from books and articles, as well as works produced by other people who quoted them and interpreted their methodologies. Given what was applied to the members of the Municipal Music Band of Itirapina-SP, in the second half of 2019, based on the observations of what was proposed with what was done, it is possible to understand the learning process of those involved, according to their limitations.
Projetos de extensão podem ser fatores protetivos quanto ao sofrimento psíquico em alunos de graduação da UFSCar?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-15)
Romano, Giovanna Bombonatti
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Bleicher, Taís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9075358493860166
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021352998835812
Most universities have extension projects as one of their pillars. that these promote benefits for both parties: university and external community. However, there is no research that studies whether these university extension groups can be a protective factor for students in psychological distress. Some students present psychopathological pictures during graduation. Thinking that extension groups could help students develop skills and abilities, as well as be motivators to undergraduates, it is worth studying whether they can be a protective factor for psychological distress. THE methodology used was qualitative, data collection was performed through an interview semi-structured, with three volunteers, and subsequent transcription and analysis through the history of life, which privileges the participant's point of view about the situations that are being questioned. The results were analyzed and categorized into: psychological distress before graduation, with vestibular subcategories and parameters of the ideal; role of the projects of extension in the lives of university students; life history and perception about the projects of extension; social support network as a protective factor; extension projects as factors protective (for university students working in these projects); extension projects like aggravating or generating psychological distress. From the data that was obtained, it is possible to infer a relevance of this study with regard to the understanding of health of UFSCar undergraduates, and their personal perspectives on their suffering psychics. The understanding of the roles of extension in the lives of these undergraduates is added, which can be both aggravating psychological distress, due to possible overloads, as protectors of their suffering. Due to these results, it is necessary to adopt measures within the extension projects, to avoid overload, and within the university, to take care of students' mental health.
Mapeamento da suscetibilidade a escorregamentos translacionais rasos na bacia do Rio Pirajibú-Mirim, Sorocaba-SP: aplicação dos modelos SHALSTAB e de Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) na estimativa de atributos físicos do solo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-15)
Melo, Carrie Peres
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Fernandes, Erminio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2770392631554400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1936895456706360
The susceptibility to mass movements on slope areas can generate risks of natural disasters. So the study is of great importance, with interest in mitigating damage to life, material, economic, environmental, and especially in populated places, where it can affect people, and the social environment in general. The objective of this research is to identify the classes of susceptibility to shallow translational landslides in the basin of the Pirajibú-Mirim River, city of Sorocaba - SP to achieve this goal was used the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was to determinate soil physical properties. The morphometric maps were made from images of Alos Palsar and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission). These images have a resolution of 12.5 and 30 meters, respectively. The software used is free and open-source SAGA GIS and QGIS. The procedures were: mapping of the relief attributes (slope, aspect, texture, convexity, and the catchment area). Secondly, the classification of the land topography generated sixteen terrain classes. To identify the landslide susceptibility areas was applied the SHALSTAB model, using attributes of the slope, catchment area, bulk density, cohesion, hydraulic conductivity, angle of friction, and soil thickness. To determine the angle of internal friction, and cohesion of soils the ANN technique was used. Like the permeameter of Guelph, has been created to determine the hydraulic conductivity of soils in situ. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was applied to evaluate and visualize the urban areas at risk. The results achieved by ANN techniques, AHP, and the SHALSTAB model were satisfactory for obtaining the map of the areas susceptible to shallow translational landslides, both in urban areas and in more withdrawn sites. The artificial neural network technique allowed for the spatialization of the SHALSTAB parameters, demonstrating the increase in data quality and with this results closer to reality. The contribution of this research concerns the increase of data and provision of results. Support the planning and operation of preventive and mitigating actions in these locations as well as stimulating the increased use of free and open-source software.
Escola no campo e trabalho: percepções e expectativas profissionais de estudantes do ensino médio do distrito de Santa Eudóxia – São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-16)
Souza, Danilo Felisberto de
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Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6424958891830931
This master's thesis seeks to investigate the perceptions and expectations regarding the job market of high school students at Escola Estadual Professora Alice Madeira João Francisco, present in the rural district of São Carlos. This school is part of one of the school units of the Education Board of the city of São Carlos – SP – and is located in the rural district of the city, 30km from the urban center. The research is contextualized in the period of productive restructuring of capital and aims to know what the effects are of political theories, such as “learning to learn” and competence pedagogy on high school students present in this school. To carry out the field research, a questionnaire was developed, using Google forms, applied to 3rd-year students and high school graduates. In the first chapter we rescue the process of territorial and economic formation of this fragment of space, the district of Santa Eudóxia, since its beginning. It is a territory composed of workers from migratory processes to the interior region of the state of São Paulo. The social formation of the municipality and the district are linked to the development of economic activitiessuch as coffee. In this direction, we understand that the district is formed by black people, Italian immigrants and northeastern people.Historically, it was a region dedicated to planting and monoculture coffee, and, currently, sugarcane, oranges, peanuts, soybeans and cattle raising. In the second chapter, we discuss capitalism's response to the social welfare model, the productive restructuring of capital. We present the pedagogical theories aimed at students from state schools, and, in the specific case of the State School of the research, the new São Paulo school curriculum, and the pedagogical influences of “learning to learn” and competence pedagogy. In the third chapter, through the data obtained by applying the questionnaire, we will discuss the role of the school, and of High School, according to the perspectives of these young children of rural and urban workers and verify how they currently assess Secondary Education, whether the school is still capable of attracting youth in view of the great technological changes of today.
Os desafios do uso da resina de PET reciclado na indústria de alimentos e bebidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-16)
Uchida, Cintia Narumi
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
PET, as well as many other plastics nowadays, has presented great interest in study, especially regarding its recycling. The polymeric residues discarded incorrectly in the environment have generated a negative impact. When disposed of in nature, the plastic can be transformed into microplastics that pollutes the environment and can be toxic to animals. As a solution to this problem, several companies have invested their efforts in the reuse of these materials. Poly(ethylene terephthalate), presents among many aspects the advantage of being a light material, with good mechanical and optical properties, and stands out for having gas barriers such as CO2 and O2. Thus, the material has become very attractive for bottles and food packaging, which are the largest applications of PET. In order to make the packaging industry less damaging to the environment and to generate a circular economy, research has been developed to enable the use of rPET for food applications. However, some challenges such as the presence of contaminants, decreased optical and mechanical properties, and the change in the intrinsic viscosity of the material may be barriers that make this use difficult. Thus, this study had as its main objective, to analyze practical research from different authors for the influence of these parameters on the final recycled material.
Crescimento de Egeria densa (Planch.) e Salvinia molesta (Mitch.) expostas a extratos aquosos de rizomas e raízes de Typha domingensis (Pers.)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-16)
Silva, Ricardo Rafael Ribeiro da
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Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8620290960870650
Allelopathy can be used to control invasive species. The present study aimed to identify changes in the growth and development characteristics of Egeria densa (Planch.) and Salvinia molesta (Mitch.) by evaluating the basic components of the architecture (connectors and nodes) and estimating the kinetic parameters of growth (doubling time, growth coefficient and total length) from mathematical modeling. We exposed 30 macrophytes of each species for each treatment of aqueous extract (EA) of roots and rhizomes of Typha domingensis (Pers.), varying the concentration of aqueous extract by 5% (EA5), aqueous extract 10% (EA10), aqueous extract 15% (EA15) and a control group (C) at a temperature of 23 °C and 27 °C (for E. densa) and only a temperature of 23 °C for S. molesta. E. densa showed lower number of nodes at a temperature of 27 °C exposed to EA15 treatment (3.1 ± 1.3) than plants exposed to control (4.5 ± 1.3) and EA5 (5.1 ± 2.0). S. molesta had the lowest number of nodes and connectors that was identified in the treatment of EA10. The parameterization of growth for E. dense revealed that at 23 °C treatments EA5 and EA10 reduced the total length, as well, the growth coefficient (µ) for both fragments and branches. At 27 °C and treatments EA5, EA10 and EA15 there was an increase in the growth of E. densa identified by the values of total length and growth coefficient (µ). For the S. molesta macrophyte in stage one growth, growth inhibition was found, which was identified in the architecture that did not show differences between treatments and control. Furthermore, the growth parameters could not be estimated due to the non-development of the S. molesta macrophyte exposed to the treatments. In general, the growth inhibitory effect was better observed in submerged macrophytes exposed to aqueous extracts at a temperature of 23 °C than at 27 °C.