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Comportamento de oxidação em temperaturas elevadas de ligas NiTiNb com efeito memória de forma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Martins Júnior, Claudio Beserra
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
Shape memory alloys (SMA) of the Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) system are currently the most commercially important, due to their excellent mechanical properties, high shape recovery and biocompatibility. Such a unique set of properties has led this class of materials to find a wide range of applications in various industrial sectors. However, obtaining these alloys at a low production cost is still a major challenge for the industry, largely due to oxidation during the processing, which can negatively affect the shape memory effect (SME). Thus, investigations to improve the oxidation resistance of these alloys deserve attention. Despite being little explored, the Nb addition, up to 7 at.%, has proven to be very effective in reducing oxidation rates. Research with higher contents has not been found in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of Nb addition at contents between 9 at.% and 12 at.% on the high temperature oxidation behavior of NiTi SMA, by means of thermogravimetric analyses for up to 100 h at temperatures of 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1,000 °C. It was found that at all the studied temperatures, the alloys followed the parabolic oxidation rate law, and the Nb addition reduced the rate constants (kp) by at least 8 times. The formed oxide layer was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis system (SEM/EDS). The improvement in oxidation resistance was explained in terms of Nb rich regions forming in the oxidation product layer, where the replacement of Ti4+ by Nb5+ reduces the number of defects that influence oxidation rates. It was also seen that the addition of Nb improves the adhesion of the layer.
Administração aguda de melatonina na performance e recuperação metabólica após esforço exaustivo: uma investigação sobre o metabolismo intermediário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Faria, Vinícius Silva
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Beck, Wladimir Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124811889307056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9742358679641713
Melatonin is an amphiphilic indoleamine, mainly synthesized by the pineal gland. Evidences demonstrates its ergogenic role in long-term aerobic exercise, as well as its modulating role in energy metabolism. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on exercise tolerance, proteins involved in intermediary metabolism and their energy substrates in rats submitted to exhaustive swimming exercise at an intensity corresponding to maximum aerobic capacity. Sixty-eight Wistar rats were evaluated, divided into 7 groups: control (Ct: n = 10), treated with melatonin and euthanized 1 h (M1: n = 9) or 3 h after the last procedures (M3: n = 9), exercised group and euthanized 1 h (Ex1: n = 10) or 3 h after the time to exhaustion test (tlim) (Ex3: n = 10), treated with melatonin, exercised and euthanized 1 h (ME1: n = 10) or 3 h after the tlim (ME3: n = 10). After adaptation to the liquid environment, the incremental test was performed to determine the intensity of effort corresponding to the maximal individual aerobic capacity. After 48 hours, the animals received vehicle solution or melatonin (10 mg.kg-1) and 30 minutes later they were submitted to tlim. Blood was collected to analyze the concentration of glucose and triglyceride; skeletal muscle tissue (gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius red and white) to quantify the content of glycogen and triglyceride and soleus to quantify GLUT4, FAT CD36 PGC-1α, and NRF-1; liver was collected for quantification of glycogen content. Data were presented as mean ± standard error, submitted to the independent student t test (tlim); One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (lactacidemia and % body mass); Two-way ANOVA (all other analyses) and Newman-Keuls post hoc. A significance level of 5% was established. The results were divided into chapters 1 and 2. In chapter 1, the animals treated with melatonin had higher content of muscle glycogen and GLUT4 when compared to the control (p < 0.05). Furthermore, animals treated with melatonin showed an increase in performance compared to animals treated with vehicle solution (p = 0.01). In the presence of melatonin, there was a significant increase in the glycogen content 3 h after exercise (ME3; p < 0.05), while in the absence of melatonin no difference was demonstrated (Ex3; p > 0.05), possibly due to GLUT4 increase demonstrated by ME1 and ME3 groups (p < 0.05). Regarding the triglyceride content, there was an increase 1 h after exercise in the presence of melatonin (ME1; p < 0.05), while in the absence of administered hormone, this increase occurred only 3 h after exercise (Ex3; p < 0, 05). In chapter 2, the animals treated with melatonin and exercised showed increased expression of PGC-1α and NRF-1 compared to the control (p < 0.05). Regarding the lipid profile, there was a reduction in animals treated with melatonin compared to animals treated with vehicle (p < 0.05). While, for the glycogen content, there was an increase in animals that received melatonin. Thus, the present study demonstrated that the administration of melatonin increased the availability of glycidic substrates and GLUT4 in skeletal muscle tissue and promoted greater tolerance to physical exercise. Furthermore, melatonin accelerated the replacement of energy substrates and increased GLUT4, FAT CD36 and PGC-1α in exercised skeletal muscle, improving the cellular environment for future efforts, at least from a bioenergetic point of view.
SKAM: fenômeno transmídia norueguês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Cunha, Luiz Eduardo Maués
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5768207848019429
In the expansive process of communication media and technologies, media convergence has diversified the productive and creative chain of audiovisual narratives, changing the media landscape, previously fixed as a straight line between production, at one extreme, and consumption, at the other extreme, to a new fluid in which the producer and the consumer can – and constantly do – change places. In this ressearch, the action of the audience in the SKAM transmedia storytelling will be discussed, produced by the Norwegian public television service, but widely disseminated by viewers inside and outside their country. In this way, it will be about the function of Norwegian public TV, the transmediation of the narrative, the collective engagement and the internationalization of the franchise, in order to feel the role of the audience in a transmedia diagram of production. This public is at the same time a citizen - and therefore served by the Norwegian public service, and a publicizing and internationalizing agent of the franchise - insofar as it was fundamental for SKAM to depend on the physical limits of the Norwegian territory.
A cobrança: os sensos de justiça das facções do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-10)
Jara, Simon Rodrigo da Costa
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8043093064312531
This thesis deals with the institution of criminal reckonings in Maranhão, understood as a device for mediation and conflict resolution in territories disputed by criminal factions. Combining an ethnographic research of documents with the historical and sociological literature on the subject, we seek to extract the senses of justice - arbitration of damages and responsibilities - that guide the punishments carried out through this device. We understand the reckonings as a result of the transformation of relations between criminals who, consolidating the influence of its normative regime in the peripheral neighborhoods of the "Grande Ilha", establish a set of ethical-political norms that regulate the everyday conflicts. Since criminal groups are formed in a intricate process of struggle within jails and streets, their justice will also reveal sensitive to the contours assumed by this factional war, fundamentally differentiating the justice offered to the pairs, from that offered to enemies.
Proposta de modelo de maturidade Lean Quality para construtoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-13)
Rodegheri, Priscila Mirapalhete
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Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9298897358199618
The Brazilian construction industry has been intensifying the adoption of management systems based on quality. It has advanced in studying its processes in search of improved productivity, delivering higher-value products to its customers. In addition to the quality management system, construction companies have adopted Lean Construction (LC) to achieve high performance through a focus on the value expected by the customer. Linking these two management strategies, quality, and LC, emerge the Lean Quality (LQ) approach, highlighting a focus on quality management, understanding customer value expectations, and pursuing perfection. The LQ is a management strategy associated with the organizational culture and, to achieve its adoption goals, it is essential to measure the maturity of this strategy. Therefore, this research purpose a model for maturity diagnoses for LQ in Brazilian construction companies. For this, the Design Science Research (DSR) research strategy was adopted, conducting a literature review, developing, implementing, and evaluating the purposed artifact of maturity assessment, named Lean Quality Maturity Model (LQMM). This artifact has been tested in two construction companies, and its contribution to the companies was evaluated based on the participants' perceptions. This research purposes an LQ dimensions for Brazilian construction as a theoretical research outcome. The LQMM is recognized as a valid artifact from the results, and it consistently demonstrates the company's LQ maturity. Furthermore, the LQ dimensions purposed indicate to be coherent with the Brazilian construction context.
Relação entre características funcionais e desempenho de espécies arbóreas na restauração florestal: uma abordagem experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-13)
Galetti, Gustavo
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3349175563124528
The successful restoration of deforested forests initially depends on the selection of species capable of establishing themselves in the degraded site. To facilitate the choice of species, classification into successional groups is commonly used, most often in pioneer and non pioneer species. However, this classification has been confusing due to the large number of parameters that can be used, making it difficult to compare the results of different studies on forest restoration. In this context, the study of functional traits of tree species can help to choose the appropriate composition of species to be reintroduced, as understanding the correlations between different characteristics and their interactions with abiotic components makes it possible to make better predictions of species performance. In the first chapter of this study, we evaluated the survival and initial growth of plants from 30 species reintroduced into an area of deforested forest, over the course of the first year of plant development. We describe the variation of functional traits of plants at the seedling stage and relate it to pre-established successional groups, pioneers and non-pioneers. Furthermore, we describe the initial growth of the plants, which allows us to quantify the variation in the rate of instantaneous increase in biomass over time. Our results showed the fast-slow growth continuum based on resource allocation strategies rather than a clear distinction between pioneer and non-pioneer species. Functional traits associated with acquisitive traits, such as high values of specific leaf area and proportion of biomass allocated to roots, and low values of leaf dry mass content and seed mass, tended to be more common among pioneer species, but were not associated with species classified as non-pioneers. Furthermore, this study showed that functional traits influenced species survival and growth patterns. In the second chapter, we evaluated the phenotypic plasticity of eight tree species during four months as a function of variation in soil chemical parameters. Our results showed that species with acquisitive characteristics had greater biomass plasticity as a function of variation in soil chemical parameters. The biomass of these species increased in soil treatments with addition of organic matter. Conservative species did not respond to different soil treatments, showing that initially their growth is less dependent on soil conditions. In addition, we evaluated the intraspecific variation of leaf and root traits as a function of plant growth, and indirectly in response to soil conditions. The allocation of resources for the formation of the root system decreased with plant growth, which is related to the environment where the limiting resource was found, in this case, below ground. Overall, we show that attributes influence growth rates and species in the field. Furthermore, the variation in the size of individuals of acquisitive species initially responds to soil conditions. Therefore, functional traits can be used to predict plant performance in response to environmental conditions in degraded areas, thus aiding in more efficient planning of forest restoration projects.
O ensino de rítmica na banda municipal de Itirapina - SP: relato de experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-14)
Soares, Woelington Eduardo
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Carvalho, Isamara Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7634525753891601
This Experience Report aims to present the process of involvement, assessment and decision-making, in a series of four classes, which address the practice of rhythmic reading, under the reference of names such as Émile Jacques-Dalcroze, Carl Orff and Lucas Ciavatta, who used similar teaching standards in the issue of identification and rhythmic production through the body, being an inspiration for the search for activities that adhere to the methods of these authors. These authors produced works that were decisive for the development of this report, considering that I tried to bring to my classes elements taken from books and articles, as well as works produced by other people who quoted them and interpreted their methodologies. Given what was applied to the members of the Municipal Music Band of Itirapina-SP, in the second half of 2019, based on the observations of what was proposed with what was done, it is possible to understand the learning process of those involved, according to their limitations.
Projetos de extensão podem ser fatores protetivos quanto ao sofrimento psíquico em alunos de graduação da UFSCar?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-15)
Romano, Giovanna Bombonatti
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Bleicher, Taís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9075358493860166
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021352998835812
Most universities have extension projects as one of their pillars. that these promote benefits for both parties: university and external community. However, there is no research that studies whether these university extension groups can be a protective factor for students in psychological distress. Some students present psychopathological pictures during graduation. Thinking that extension groups could help students develop skills and abilities, as well as be motivators to undergraduates, it is worth studying whether they can be a protective factor for psychological distress. THE methodology used was qualitative, data collection was performed through an interview semi-structured, with three volunteers, and subsequent transcription and analysis through the history of life, which privileges the participant's point of view about the situations that are being questioned. The results were analyzed and categorized into: psychological distress before graduation, with vestibular subcategories and parameters of the ideal; role of the projects of extension in the lives of university students; life history and perception about the projects of extension; social support network as a protective factor; extension projects as factors protective (for university students working in these projects); extension projects like aggravating or generating psychological distress. From the data that was obtained, it is possible to infer a relevance of this study with regard to the understanding of health of UFSCar undergraduates, and their personal perspectives on their suffering psychics. The understanding of the roles of extension in the lives of these undergraduates is added, which can be both aggravating psychological distress, due to possible overloads, as protectors of their suffering. Due to these results, it is necessary to adopt measures within the extension projects, to avoid overload, and within the university, to take care of students' mental health.
Mapeamento da suscetibilidade a escorregamentos translacionais rasos na bacia do Rio Pirajibú-Mirim, Sorocaba-SP: aplicação dos modelos SHALSTAB e de Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) na estimativa de atributos físicos do solo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-15)
Melo, Carrie Peres
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Fernandes, Erminio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2770392631554400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1936895456706360
The susceptibility to mass movements on slope areas can generate risks of natural disasters. So the study is of great importance, with interest in mitigating damage to life, material, economic, environmental, and especially in populated places, where it can affect people, and the social environment in general. The objective of this research is to identify the classes of susceptibility to shallow translational landslides in the basin of the Pirajibú-Mirim River, city of Sorocaba - SP to achieve this goal was used the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was to determinate soil physical properties. The morphometric maps were made from images of Alos Palsar and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission). These images have a resolution of 12.5 and 30 meters, respectively. The software used is free and open-source SAGA GIS and QGIS. The procedures were: mapping of the relief attributes (slope, aspect, texture, convexity, and the catchment area). Secondly, the classification of the land topography generated sixteen terrain classes. To identify the landslide susceptibility areas was applied the SHALSTAB model, using attributes of the slope, catchment area, bulk density, cohesion, hydraulic conductivity, angle of friction, and soil thickness. To determine the angle of internal friction, and cohesion of soils the ANN technique was used. Like the permeameter of Guelph, has been created to determine the hydraulic conductivity of soils in situ. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was applied to evaluate and visualize the urban areas at risk. The results achieved by ANN techniques, AHP, and the SHALSTAB model were satisfactory for obtaining the map of the areas susceptible to shallow translational landslides, both in urban areas and in more withdrawn sites. The artificial neural network technique allowed for the spatialization of the SHALSTAB parameters, demonstrating the increase in data quality and with this results closer to reality. The contribution of this research concerns the increase of data and provision of results. Support the planning and operation of preventive and mitigating actions in these locations as well as stimulating the increased use of free and open-source software.
Escola no campo e trabalho: percepções e expectativas profissionais de estudantes do ensino médio do distrito de Santa Eudóxia – São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-16)
Souza, Danilo Felisberto de
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Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6424958891830931
This master's thesis seeks to investigate the perceptions and expectations regarding the job market of high school students at Escola Estadual Professora Alice Madeira João Francisco, present in the rural district of São Carlos. This school is part of one of the school units of the Education Board of the city of São Carlos – SP – and is located in the rural district of the city, 30km from the urban center. The research is contextualized in the period of productive restructuring of capital and aims to know what the effects are of political theories, such as “learning to learn” and competence pedagogy on high school students present in this school. To carry out the field research, a questionnaire was developed, using Google forms, applied to 3rd-year students and high school graduates. In the first chapter we rescue the process of territorial and economic formation of this fragment of space, the district of Santa Eudóxia, since its beginning. It is a territory composed of workers from migratory processes to the interior region of the state of São Paulo. The social formation of the municipality and the district are linked to the development of economic activitiessuch as coffee. In this direction, we understand that the district is formed by black people, Italian immigrants and northeastern people.Historically, it was a region dedicated to planting and monoculture coffee, and, currently, sugarcane, oranges, peanuts, soybeans and cattle raising. In the second chapter, we discuss capitalism's response to the social welfare model, the productive restructuring of capital. We present the pedagogical theories aimed at students from state schools, and, in the specific case of the State School of the research, the new São Paulo school curriculum, and the pedagogical influences of “learning to learn” and competence pedagogy. In the third chapter, through the data obtained by applying the questionnaire, we will discuss the role of the school, and of High School, according to the perspectives of these young children of rural and urban workers and verify how they currently assess Secondary Education, whether the school is still capable of attracting youth in view of the great technological changes of today.
Os desafios do uso da resina de PET reciclado na indústria de alimentos e bebidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-16)
Uchida, Cintia Narumi
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
PET, as well as many other plastics nowadays, has presented great interest in study, especially regarding its recycling. The polymeric residues discarded incorrectly in the environment have generated a negative impact. When disposed of in nature, the plastic can be transformed into microplastics that pollutes the environment and can be toxic to animals. As a solution to this problem, several companies have invested their efforts in the reuse of these materials. Poly(ethylene terephthalate), presents among many aspects the advantage of being a light material, with good mechanical and optical properties, and stands out for having gas barriers such as CO2 and O2. Thus, the material has become very attractive for bottles and food packaging, which are the largest applications of PET. In order to make the packaging industry less damaging to the environment and to generate a circular economy, research has been developed to enable the use of rPET for food applications. However, some challenges such as the presence of contaminants, decreased optical and mechanical properties, and the change in the intrinsic viscosity of the material may be barriers that make this use difficult. Thus, this study had as its main objective, to analyze practical research from different authors for the influence of these parameters on the final recycled material.
Crescimento de Egeria densa (Planch.) e Salvinia molesta (Mitch.) expostas a extratos aquosos de rizomas e raízes de Typha domingensis (Pers.)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-16)
Silva, Ricardo Rafael Ribeiro da
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Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8620290960870650
Allelopathy can be used to control invasive species. The present study aimed to identify changes in the growth and development characteristics of Egeria densa (Planch.) and Salvinia molesta (Mitch.) by evaluating the basic components of the architecture (connectors and nodes) and estimating the kinetic parameters of growth (doubling time, growth coefficient and total length) from mathematical modeling. We exposed 30 macrophytes of each species for each treatment of aqueous extract (EA) of roots and rhizomes of Typha domingensis (Pers.), varying the concentration of aqueous extract by 5% (EA5), aqueous extract 10% (EA10), aqueous extract 15% (EA15) and a control group (C) at a temperature of 23 °C and 27 °C (for E. densa) and only a temperature of 23 °C for S. molesta. E. densa showed lower number of nodes at a temperature of 27 °C exposed to EA15 treatment (3.1 ± 1.3) than plants exposed to control (4.5 ± 1.3) and EA5 (5.1 ± 2.0). S. molesta had the lowest number of nodes and connectors that was identified in the treatment of EA10. The parameterization of growth for E. dense revealed that at 23 °C treatments EA5 and EA10 reduced the total length, as well, the growth coefficient (µ) for both fragments and branches. At 27 °C and treatments EA5, EA10 and EA15 there was an increase in the growth of E. densa identified by the values of total length and growth coefficient (µ). For the S. molesta macrophyte in stage one growth, growth inhibition was found, which was identified in the architecture that did not show differences between treatments and control. Furthermore, the growth parameters could not be estimated due to the non-development of the S. molesta macrophyte exposed to the treatments. In general, the growth inhibitory effect was better observed in submerged macrophytes exposed to aqueous extracts at a temperature of 23 °C than at 27 °C.
Gráfico de controle modificado para monitoramento de variância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-16)
Landim, Tiago Ruckert
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Oprime, Pedro Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0255523652304466
Control charts are powerful tools used by many industries to monitor the quality of their processes and detect special causes of variation. They are often used to monitor the mean of some process quality characteristic with the well known X ̅, while the process variability can be monitored with either a control chart for the range, called R control chart, for the standard deviation, called S control chart or for the variance, called S^2 control chart. This work will focus on the S^2 control chart. In their original formulation, if the actual process mean (μ) or variance (σ^2) are different or larger from their specified in-control values (μ_0 and σ_0^2, respectively), the process is declared out-of-control. However, in many practical situations, even though the process may be declared out-of-control, it might be still capable from a practical point of view in terms of the proportion of nonconforming items produced. Thus, it may not be necessary to stop the process and start looking for assignable causes, which can save time and resources. The Modified Control Charts were designed to monitor the process mean in such a capable situation. However, regarding the monitoring the process variance, there is still no control chart presented in the Statistical Process Control (SPC) literature that considers the capability of the process while monitoring the process variance. According to Juran and Godfrey (1998), capability is the sense of a competence, based on tested performance, to produce quality products. With this background as motivation, in this work, we derive a Modified Control Chart developed to monitor the mean, for monitoring the process variance, considering the capability of the process.
Charge carrier dynamics and optoelectronic properties in quantum tunneling heterostructures
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-17)
Guarin Castro, Edgar David
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Richard, Victor Lopez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4492188799583104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7147058400283331
Semiconductor quantum tunneling heterostructures offer a wide range of applications as photosensors, lasers, and circuit elements. However, fundamental questions related to energy transfer mechanisms and the correlation between some electrical and optical responses remain challenging. In order to provide insights into these problems, the nature of the carrier dynamics in these structures has been investigated by exploring the role of majority and minority carriers in the optoelectronic responses and the limiting factors responsible for their modulation. Thus, the transport and optical properties of different n-type samples built on Sb- and As-based double-barrier quantum well architectures have been analyzed using transport measurements and luminescence spectroscopies in continuous- and pulsed-wave mode. The characterization has been carried out by tuning various external parameters such as temperature, illumination, and magnetic fields. Our observations revealed resonant tunneling of carriers from cryogenics up to room temperature. The inclusion of III-V quaternary alloys enhances the photodetection of infrared wavelengths. Quaternary layers serve as absorbers that allow a thorough tuning of the photosensor capabilities. The optical response of the devices allowed unveiling complex dynamics of non-equilibrium carriers, pointing out the formation of independent electron and hole populations that do not thermalize. This characteristic enables the mapping of thermalization mechanisms of hot carriers along with the structures. In all cases, it was found that the optoelectronic characteristics of the devices are strongly intertwined. In this regard, bistable optical and transport characteristics associated with an intrinsic magnetoresistance of some samples can be modulated simultaneously with temperature and magnetic fields. Models were proposed to simulate the charge dynamics, discerning the main ingredients that control the electrical response and, in some cases, the photosensor abilities. These models were complemented considering coherent and incoherent transport channels, which demonstrates how the transport and optical attributes correlate to produce the peculiar quantum response. This approach allows discussing the role of minority carriers in the overall dynamics of the systems, the segmentation of the relaxation mechanisms, and the optimization of the optoelectronic properties. The results are intended to offer a comprehensive theoretical and experimental analysis of the complex quantum phenomena behind these quantum tunneling systems.
Sistema óptico de projeção a laser para análise da superfície das pregas vocais em imagens laringoscópicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-17)
Medeiros, Jacilene Martins
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Cirino, Giuseppe Antônio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4223181147426711
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4171325648694103
When understanding the acoustic production of the human voice and its dysphonia, factors such as characteristics and dimensions of the vocal folds are relevant. Previous studies show that images of the glottic surface, seen through laryngoscopy technique, are shaped according to their geometric shapes and shades of color and brightness. However, clinical examinations in general are still performed subjectively and present challenges, especially regarding the detection of the position of anomalies. Therefore, the objective of this work is to propose an optical laser projection system, capable of detecting the surface characteristics of pathological vocal folds and estimating their quantitative parameters. This system comprises a structured white light source, a diffractive optical element (DOE) and a high-resolution camera, which together are able to project onto the photographed vocal folds a regular array of pixels measuring 12 x 12 light spots . Thus, by superimposing the DOE metric on vocal fold surface images, parameters such as position and dimension can be quantified. In order to minimize operating costs, the UPL DOE project was simulated and based on the scalar theory of Fourier diffraction. This master’s research analyzed the laryngoscopic images of 3 patients, p1, p2 and p3 , with polyps, cyst and leukoplakia, respectively. In addition to simulating the system, to validate the proposal, a prototype was developed, with a commercial UPL and molds of the glottic surface of each patient. The image processing, simulation and prototype were centered on the semi-automatic method of the watershed. Therefore, with a diffraction grating of 73 % efficiency, two polyps, a cyst and a leukoplakia were detected with dimensions of 9.73 x 8.82 ±10⁻⁵ mm and 24.06 x 8.97 .73 ±10⁻⁵ mm; 4.12 x 10.00 ±10⁻⁴ mm and 20.03 x 16.30 ±10⁻⁵ mm, respectively.. This study demonstrated that the proposed system can be considered a suitable tool for vocal fold surface analysis, either as a treatment or as prognosis of pathologies, seeking to improve the quality of life of patients.
Máscaras e respiradores: uma revisão sobre suas características e seus impactos ambientais, e a influência da pandemia de COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-17)
Rocha, Thais Helena dos Santos
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Urban, Roberta Cerasi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7313670290572985
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2195671878162285
The COVID-19 pandemic brought an unprecedented use of masks and respirators for the healthcare workers and population. World Health Organization estimated the monthly needs of 129 billion masks. In order to prevent the spread of the disease, the widespread use of masks and respirators and their mismanagement may result in greater environmental contamination. The main objective of this work is to review the concepts of masks, respirators and polymeric materials, and to verify their environmental impacts, in addition to the possible strategies to minimize impacts. The masks and respirators are made of non-woven material, synthetic fibers (plastics), which filter particles, such as viruses, by the mechanisms of diffusion, direct interception, inertial deposition, sedimentation by gravitational force, and electrostatic deposition. These plastics objects can have negative consequences for the environment, such as animal entanglement, ingestion by animals, the release of microplastics and additives dangerous to health and the environment, persistence, among others. To reduce harmful impacts strategies should be adopted for pollution mitigation, such as improvements in waste management, recycling, reuse, use of sustainable plastics, public awareness of the use and disposal of plastics, and environmental remediation techniques: technologies for collecting plastics in aquatic environments and biotechnologies for the degradation of plastics.
Dificuldades e desafios de estudantes na disciplina morfologia e sistemática dos vegetais avasculares no cenário de ensino não presencial emergencial: um enfoque nas atividades práticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-17)
Perboni, Jéssica Kunimatsu
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
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Bagatini, Inessa Lacativa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3904631503604006
The Covid-19 pandemic required the implementation of the Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT), which demanded the adjustment of the classes in a short time and impacted the routine of students and professors. Here we aimed to analyze the possible difficulties and challenges faced by students of the course of Morphology and Systematics of Avascular Plants in the new ERT scenario, focusing on practical/lab classes. This course, like most in the Biology curriculum, lacks software or materials available to supply the lab part. In this study, we applied online questionnaires at the beginning and at the end of the course, performed remote interviews and field diary records during synchronous classes. From 30 volunteer students enrolled, 9 answered the two questionnaires and were considered for analysis. For the analyses, we created categories based on the answers of the students in the field diary using the methodology of content analysis. The results indicated that the main difficulties and challenges that the students faced throughout the semester were related to the lack of face-to-face contact with colleagues and professors, the instability of internet connection, difficult access to technologies, the difficulty in staying focused on the classes and in organizing the tasks, in addition to the absence of an appropriate study environment. Regarding lab classes, a complementary difficulty was the lack of experiencing the observation of the organisms in a microscope or magnifying glass. To overcome the problems, the questionnaires and reports applied during the semester and the audio-visual didactic resources helped the students in the learning process. However, it was evident that some skills were not developed in the ERT scenario. Despite the difficulties of this atypical teaching scenario, the learning process was satisfactory in the perception of the students. This research may help professors teaching remote lab classes to overcome the main problems reported by students in future and similar remote teaching situations.
A gestão ambiental na indústria mecânica-metal: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-18)
Pinheiro, Sarah Cristina Piacentini
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Rodrigues, Edna de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2993513188316092
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0891968837842276
The present work was carried out in an industrial unit pertaining to the Industry of the Mechanical-Metal Sector (ISM or MMS- Metal Manufacturing Subsector) located in municipality of Piracicaba, São Paulo State (Brazil), where it focused on the industrial foundry process (metallurgy). In order to propose the implementation of an environmental management system (EMS or SGA- Sistema de Gestão Ambiental) For this purpose, the stages involving: the production of sand molds, from production, metal alloy casting, its , and unshapes by pouring and ement and cooling until unmold , wherewere analysed by images in order to suggest identify adjustments and areas of improvements and recommend enhancements to the manufactureadoptions to industrial production process. The aim was also to minimize impacts such as the generation of waste (mainly from sand) and its natural source consumption, as well as regularize and formalize environmental management systems to seek/pursue certifications likestudies toward a possible achievement of an environmental certification (as so ISO 14001 and relative ecolabels (or green seals). As results, process improvement were detectedidentified improvement points, both to in energy saving (such as the implementation antation of solar panels and the use of cisterns) and waste management , as concerning to wasting management (e.g. redestination). Therefore, we conclude that it is quite possible an SGA EMS implementation to the studied industry with the opportunity to add product value to increase market share; refer ISM as long as there are investments and administrative and collective efforts to are involved.implement recommended changes for optimize the existing processes to meet required standards.
Patterns of vascular response immediately after passive mobilization in patients with sepsis an observational transversal study
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-18)
Kawakami, Débora Mayumi de Oliveira
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Bonjorno Junior, José Carlos
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Destro, Tamara Rodrigues da Silva
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Biazon, Thaís Marina Pires de Campos
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Garcia, Naiara Molina
Dois mares que se juntam e a coletividade que aflora: meio ambiente e identidade caiçara na comunidade da Nova Enseada, Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-19)
Nabhan, Natalia
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Mariano, Neusa de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5003743301847104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5356441589555146
The present work intends to tell the story of the Nova Enseda community, formerly the Enseada da Baleia community, which has been undergoing several changes after its re-territorialization, caused by the advance of the sea where they were previously located. Using the Territory analysis category, it is also intended to bring its various uses, including in modernity. The work also exposes the caiçara identity and its collective organization, mainly of women, as the mechanism used by this community to succeed in this relocation, even with the uncertainties regarding environmental regulatory issues that have receded in terms of protection of traditional peoples and communities, as well as their territories and also with regard to the region's own environmental dynamics. The issue of sustainable development is also evident in the study and a brief critical analysis of the subject is proposed. Examples of the results that the community already have in the new area, still loaded with its ancestral symbolisms, but which is also in dialogue with technologies, will also be brought forward.