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Catalisadores Ni/SBA-15 com adição dos promotores aplicados a tri reforma do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Luca, Eduarda Cristina Caixeta Dias de
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Assaf, José Mansur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563312407691130
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3291804329900857
Tri-reforming of methane (TRM) is a combination of steam and dry reforming and partial oxidation of methane reactions in the same reactor. Since it occurs at high temperatures and has water vapor in the reactor feed, TRM needs catalysts with thermal and hydrothermal stability, high oxygen storage capacity, resistance to carbon formation, and a high surface area. Aiming all these properties, Ni/SBA-15 catalysts promoted with CeO2, ZrO2, MgO, (CeZr)O2 were synthesized by two different synthesis methods: i) promoters impregnated on SBA-15 support which was already synthesized and calcined; ii) promoters incorporated into the SBA-15 structure during synthesis. The precursors were characterized with thermogravimetric and thermodifferential analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physisorption, temperature programmed reduction with hydrogen (TPR), temperature programmed desorption with carbon dioxide, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of the SBA-15 structure in all materials was confirmed by XRD analysis. Nevertheless, the incorporated catalysts presented a higher degree of ordering in the pores construction than in the impregnated ones. Through TPR and XPS analyses, it was verified the existence of a strong interaction between nickel and support, which is increased with the presence of promoters. The TRM catalytic tests were carried out at 750 °C for five hours, with reagents being fed into the reaction stoichiometry (3CH4:1CO2:1H2O:0.5O2). In this reaction condition, catalysts promoted with (CeZr)O2 and MgO showed the highest methane and carbon dioxide conversions. All catalysts were also subjected to TRM in water scarcity at 750 °C for five hours (3CH4:1CO2:0.1H2O:0.5O2). In this reaction atmosphere, there was an increase in carbon dioxide conversion and inhibition of methane conversion for all samples. Through thermogravimetric analysis, it was observed that the incorporated catalysts presented greater amounts of carbon depositions on their surface than in the impregnated ones. However, even generating more carbon in the incorporated ones, exhibited better stability during the five reaction hours.
Viabilidade da cultura da canola (Brassica napus L.) na bacia do Alto do Paranapanema: uma estimativa baseada em modelagem de culturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Ferreira, Rafael Sousa
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Nassif, Daniel Silveira Pinto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2969535606899836
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4789283168888538
The objective of this work was to avaliate the viability of canola (Brassica napus L.) in different municipalities in the Alto Paranapanema Basin through crop modelling. We used daily meteorological data of maximum and minimum temperatures (ºC), rainfall (mm) and global radiation (MJ.m-2.D-1) of ten municipalities in the region between 2009 to 2019 and, later, introduced in the DSSAT plataform to the determination of attainable productivity. Ten dates of sowing were simulated, spaced fifteen days, from February 15 to June 30, with the objective to understand the right sowing window of the canola in the Alto Paranapanema Basin. Finally, data was spatialised with Quantum Gis software (QGis 3.18). Even though these simulations are far from productivity indices of traditional countries in canola production, as Canada, at the national level the region can be an exponent of production, with average attainable productivity on the best sowing dates, between April 15 to 15 June, of 1.492,85 Kg.ha¹ and average standard deviation of 139,60. This shows the potential of canola in the Alto Paranapanema Basin region, and should therefore have investments to quantify and, subsequently, increase agricultural productivity.
(In)segurança hídrica e o desafio de viver e produzir no PDS Sepé Tiaraju, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Lucati, Leticia Bolonha
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Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071
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Borges, Janice Rodrigues Placeres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2373278362705384
The water management in the settlements of the brazilian Agrarian Reform is a topic of great relevance and always current, due to its complexity and developments. Amidst the current environmental crisis, therefore, debates about the importance and process of water scarcity are even more present. Recognizing the importance of water for domestic and productive uses, this work sought to describe the characteristics related to water supply and management in the SDP Sepé Tiaraju, by the own settlers, through their speeches. The study area is located on the recharge area of the Guarani aquifer, in the cities of Serra Azul and Serrana. The settlement is an example of agroecological production amid the highest concentration of sugarcane in Brazil. Questions about the sources of supply, distribution and uses of water in everyday life were adressed. To understand the experiences of farmers related about the water, qualitative and quantitative approaches were chosen, through the application of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with 10 farmers from all nucleus of the settlement. Data analysis was performed based on the interdisciplinarity that the central theme requires. The results indicate that problems related to water supply and its multiple uses have existed for years on SDP, pointing to a situation of human and productive vulnerability over all the life cycles of the settlement, which goes against the construction of the guiding principles of the SDP modality: the construction of a rural settlement model, in which Agroecology is the center of the technological matrix. It is considered urgent the strengthening of public policies aimed at water supply for family farming, as well as basic sanitation in general.
In-Network IdentifiCation and chAining: um mecanismo de identificação de tráfego e encadeamento no plano de dados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Matos, Guilherme Mendes Vieira de
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Verdi, Fábio Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6268889758612468
Inside the 5G Core (5GC) a myriad of (virtual) functions may be deployed so that different treatment can be given for traffic coming in and out to/from the Radio Access Network (RAN). One of these key functions is Service Function Chaining (SFC) supported by SRv6 state-of-the-art protocol. In this work, we present an SFC P4-based solution for traffic identification and chaining using SRv6. We call this function In-Network Classification and chAining (INCA), which is deployed entirely in the data plane using a Netronome Agilo SmartNIC. The INCA is deployed just before the User Plane Function (UPF) inside the 5GC and is capable of observing the traffic coming from and going to the RAN so that it classifies and creates the proper sequence of services to be followed by every specific flow. Our results show that INCA performs the task of packet classification and chaining perfectly with a minimal Flow Completion Time (FCT) impact when compared to the same environment without it.
Avaliação das praças públicas: perspectivas das dinâmicas urbanas e políticas públicas de lazer nas praças da poligonal histórica de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Navarro, Marcos Rogério
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Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5290919962396662
Leisure, as one of the social functions of the city, plays an important role in the health of the population, but has suffered interference along the modifications of the postmodern urban layout. Urban fragmentation and monofunctional zoning tend to reduce public spaces as commuting circuits, wich directly affect the quality of spare time, especially for low-income citizens. As a result, the emptying of the center of the city at times that exceed comercial hours, keeps the population away from staying in places intended for leisure. In this sense, the pesent study, based on the combination of bibliographical research,case study and quali- quantitative analysis model, we sought to assessthe appropriation of te squares in the Historical Polygonal of São Carlos, bringing to light the importance of leisure as a social function of the city and as a fundamental right to the citizens. An on-line interview was requested, via google forms, and the responses were combined with what the literature offers. Through the results obtained, it was possible to observe that little has been done so that the spaces aren’t updated to human needs. It was seen that the available equipment does not correspond to the expectations of the population in order to garantee the social right to leisure in the region. There is a large number of banks, disproportionate to the number of dumps, large ways to walk, but few opportunities for stationary activities. It is expected that the approached methodology will erve as a motto for future studies, both in diferente regions of the municipality, as in other médium cities, with a view to reduce socio-envvironmental diferences and ensure orderly and sustainable development.
Desenvolvimento de métodos de pré-concentração para a determinação de elementos traço e especiação de cromo e arsênio em amostras agrícolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Sá, Ívero Pita de
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6816569547529443
Agricultural sustainable production is indispensable to meet the growing demand for food and nutritional control. The risk assessment associated with contamination by toxic elements in agricultural and aquaculture matrices are essential. In this context, the present thesis evaluated new methodologies for pre-concentration and chemical speciation methods using different determination techniques, such as microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES), liquid chromatography associated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and spectrophotometry (UV-VIS) for analysis of fish and organic fertilizer samples. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn determination in meat and fish, and co-precipitation for As and Cd determination in fish were the pre-concentration procedures used to increase the sensitivity of the MIP OES. Experimental planning was applied to optimize the methods, being the trueness evaluated with analysis of certified reference materials (CRMs) and comparison with another instrumental technique, ICP-MS. The values found agreed with reference values, demonstrating the feasibility of the methods. The chemical speciation of As and Cr in fish was performed by LC-ICP-MS, and the extraction of the species was defined using experimental designs. The trueness of the procedures was verified by the analysis of four CRMs and with addition and recovery experiment. Finally, a method for speciation of Cr(VI) in organic fertilizer was developed. The method proved to be adequate for determination by FAAS and UV-VIS. It provided limits of detection of 1.4 and 1.8 mg/kg, respectively, lower than 2.0 mg/kg, the maximum value allowed by the Brazilian regulation. The trueness of the method was evaluated using two CRMs and the addition and recovery technique.
Controle de espécies de Poaceae e Convolvulaceae através de herbicidas aplicados em solo e palha e sensibilidade de mudas pré-brotadas de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Santos, Paulo Henrique Vieira dos
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Monquero, Patricia Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0777721363131617
The implementation of the practice of raking straw in sugarcane fields resulted in heterogeneous distribution or total removal of straw in the areas. And these different amounts of straw can influence the floristic composition of weeds, resulting in a mixed flora, and the dynamics of herbicides applied under pre-emergence conditions. Then, the objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that pre-emergence herbicides applied in different amounts of sugarcane straw result in eficiente control and mass reduction of Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D.Webster, Digitaria horizontalis Willd., Cenchrus echinatus L., Ipomoea triloba L. and Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb and also to evaluate the sensitivity of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings (PSS) to herbicides applied in pre-planting. Weed control experiments were conducted in greenhouse, in a completely randomized design (CRD) in a 11+1 x 5 factorial scheme with four replications for each of the five weed species (Cenchrus echinatus, Urochloa decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, Ipomea triloba e Merreia aegyptia) interacting with the herbicides isoxaflutole, clomazone, sulfentrazone, indaziflam, amicarbazone, tebuthiuron, s-metolachlor + [diuron + hexazinone], imazapic, amicarbazone + tebuthiuron, indaziflam + metribuzin e [indaziflam + isoxaflutole] and a control treatment and five different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 2, 6, 8 e 10 t ha-1) with four replicates for each treatment. The experimental units were evaluated for the efficacy of control at 35 days after emergence (DAE) of the controls, when the plants were cut to obtain the dry mass of the aerial part (DMAP). The sensitivity experiment of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design (CRD) with the variety RB966928 receiving the application of the same herbicides used in the control experiment and four replicates for each treatment. The experimental units were evaluated for phytotoxicity weekly, number of leaves and height at the time of application and 63 days after application (DAA), when the seedlings were cut to obtain dry mass of the aerial part (DMAP). As for weed control experiments, it was observed that s-metolachlor + [diuron + hexazinone] and indaziflam + metribuzin satisfactorily control C. echinatus, U. decumbens and D. horizontalis, as well as sulfentrazone, tebuthiuron and amicarbazone + tebuthiuron satisfactorily control I. triloba and M. aegyptia, when applied in pre-emergence directly to the soil or sugarcane straw, reducing plant DMAP, on average, 95 and 98%, respectively. For the sensitivity experiment of pre-sprouted seedlings, different levels of tolerance of RB966928 to the herbicides used were observed, however, the use of clomazone, indaziflam, sulfentrazone and tebuthiuron, at 63 DAA, resulted in recovered plants and no changes in biometric parameters evaluated. The application of sulfentrazone in pre-planting of PSS, variety RB966928, is safe and efficient in the control of C. echinatus, U. decumbens, I. triloba and M. aegyptia.
Solidificação, desenvolvimento microestrutural, propriedades mecânicas, elétricas e de corrosão de ligas Al-Si(-Ag)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Gomes, Leonardo Fernandes
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Spinelli, José Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6904883156193838
In the last years, the development of new light and efficient systems in electric vehicles (EV) opens up new research opportunities. Besides that, the need for internal combustion engine components with optimized properties is also attracting interest. One of these challenges involves the development of alternative Al-Si based alloys. Under such context, the microstructure of Al-Si alloys can be modified with addition of alloying elements in order to improve properties such as tensile strength, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. This PhD research focuses on better understanding of the effects of Ag additions: 0.1 and 2.0wt.% and cooling rate variations on dendritic growth and eutectic formation constituting Al-5wt.%Si and Al-10wt.%Si alloys. Thermodynamic simulations (ThermoCalc) were performed to support the extensive microstructural evaluation. A complete set of characterization including monitored solidification experiments, tensile tests, electrical conductivity, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), immersion tests, optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was developed. The Al-5wt.%Si-0.1wt.%Ag and Al-10wt.%Si-0.1wt.%Ag alloys showed the best combined results for tensile properties / electrical conductivity, resulting in 142 MPa / 22% / 29.4 %IACS and 160 MPa / 12 % / 29.6 %IACS, respectively. Ag-containing having 2.0wt.% alloys resulted in slightly higher mechanical properties and lower electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the Al-5%Si-0.1%Ag and Al-10%Si-0.1%Ag alloys showed the best corrosion performance compared to the ternary compositions with equivalent Si and higher Ag content, resulting in lower corrosion rate, higher passive range, and greater polarization resistance. In the matter of the Al-10wt.% Si-Ag alloys, the microstructure refinement tends to increase the corrosion rate and to enhance the sample’s nobility.
Ações de Z2k com o conjunto de pontos fixos conexo e a propriedade CP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Moraes, Renato Monteiro de
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Pergher, Pedro Luiz Queiroz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3328545959112090
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6491436523621062
It is well known that if $\phi:G \times M^m \rightarrow M^m$ is a smooth action of a compact Lie group on a closed smooth manifold, then its fixed point set $F_{\phi} = \bigcup\limits_{i=0}^{n}F^{i}$ is a disjoint union of closed submanifolds of $M^m$, where $F^i$ denotes the union of $i$-dimensional components of $F_{\phi}$. In this way, given a compact Lie group $G$ and a union of closed smooth manifolds $F = \bigcup\limits_{i=0}^{n}F^{i}$, we can ask ourselves if exists such a $G$-action defined on a closed smooth manifold $M^m$ whose fixed point set is $F$. In this work, we discuss this problem for the cases where $G=\mathbb{Z}_2$ with $F=P(m,n) \cup \{point\}$, here $P(m,n)$ denoting a Dold manifold (see \ref{ExemploDold}) and $\{point\}$ is a unique point; and $G=\mathbb{Z}_2^k$ with $F=F^n$ or $F=F^n \cup F^{n-1}$ with $F^n$ and $F^{n-1}$ being connected. Here, $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$ is considered as the group generated by $k$ commuting involutions $T_1, \ldots, T_k$. Another question is concerning the CP property: more specifically, we say that a closed smooth manifold $F^n$ satisfies the CP property (compatible with the point) if there exists an involution $T:M^m \rightarrow M^m$ whose fixed point set is $F^n \cup \{point\}$. In chapter 3 we prove that the Dold manifolds $P(2^t-2,1)$ and $P(2,2^s-1)$ satisfy the CP property for all $t,s>1$. On the other hand, we will see that $P(m,n)$ do not satisfies CP for certain values of $m$ and $n$ (see the Introduction for details). This property was introduced in \cite{TeseJessica}, where several correlated results were obtained. In \cite{StongKos} Stong and Kosniowisky showed that if the fixed point set of an involution $(M^m,T)$ has only $n$-dimensional components and $m>2n$, then $(M^m,T)$ bounds equivariantly. In the same work, they proved that, if $m=2n$, then $(M^m,T)$ is equivariantly cobordant to the twist involution $(F^n \times F^n, \tau)$ where $\tau(x,y) = (y,x)$. In \cite{Onzedoiska} Pergher extended this result for $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions $(M^m,\phi)$ whose fixed point set $F^n$ is connected. More specifically, he showed that, under these fixed point set conditions, if $m > 2^k n$, then $(M^m,\phi)$ bounds equivariantly, and if $m=2^k n$, then $(M^m,\phi)$ is equivariantly cobordant to the $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-twist (see definition \ref{Z2ktwist}). In \cite{stongclass} Stong realized the classification of all cobordism classes of involutions $(M^m,T)$ whose fixed point set has only n-dimensional components and $m=2n-1$. In \cite{zedoisdois} Pergher extended this result for $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-actions $(M^m,\phi)$ whose fixed point set $F^n$ is connected, with $m=4n-1$ and $m=4n-2$. In chapter 4 we extend this work of Pergher for $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions by determining all possible cobordism class of $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions whose fixed point set $F^n$ is connected and $2^k n-2^{k-1} \leq m < 2^k n$. The fixed-data of a $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-action $(M^m,\phi)$ fixing $F$, denoted by $(F,\{\xi_{\rho}\})$, is $F$ with a list of $2^k-1$ vector bundles over $F$, where the vector bundles $\xi_{\rho}$ are obtained by a decomposition of the normal bundle of $F$ in $M^m$. In \cite{zedoisdois2}, P. Pergher and F. Figueira showed the following result: let $(M^m,\phi)$ be a $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-action with fixed-data $(F^n;\xi_{\rho_1},\xi_{\rho_2},\xi_{\rho_3}) \cup (F^{n-1};\mu_{\rho_1},\mu_{\rho_2},\mu_{\rho_3})$, and suppose that there are at least two vector bundles in $\{\xi_{\rho_1},\xi_{\rho_2},\xi_{\rho_3}\}$ that have dimension greater than $n$, and at least one $\mu_{\rho}$ has dimension greater than $n-1$. Then $(M^m,\phi)$ bounds equivariantly. In that paper, the authors proposed the following generalization for $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions: \textbf{Conjecture:} Let $(M,\psi)$ be a smooth $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-action with fixed-data $(F^n, \{ \xi_{\rho} \}_{\rho}) \cup (F^{n-1}, \{ \mu_{\rho} \}_{\rho})$. Suppose that at least $2^{k-1}$ $\xi_{\rho's}$ over $F^n$ have dimension greater than $n$ and at least one $\mu_{\rho}$ has dimension greater than $n-1$. Then $(M,\psi)$ bounds equivariantly. This is the main result of chapter 5 of this thesis. But we achieved the following improvement of the above conjecture: the condition that at least one $\mu_{\rho}$ has dimension greater than $n-1$ can be removed.
O Quilombismo de Abdias Nascimento: fundamentos para uma educação antirracista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27)
Rocha, Fabiana de Oliveira Maciel
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Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9837678438894066
The following master's thesis aims to investigate the assumptions of Abdias Nascimento's thought, the ideals and proposals that point to actions for an anti-racist education. This is done from considerations of the work O Quilombismo ([1980] 2019) based on what advocates the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African history resuming the quilombist precepts defended by the author. The object of study is composed of an analysis of the potentialities of the term Quilombism produced by Abdias together with a qualitative bibliographical study of the author's production. The dissertation is inserted in the field of historiographical studies about the history of intellectuality, a branch of the history of mentalities that focuses on the history of thoughts and ideas. We outline as a hypothesis the observation of a projection of Abdias' proposal to fight racism, having education as a platform for action. In other words, the fight against racism for Abdias would occur through education by incorporating assumptions of Quilombism. Under such reading, it can be affirmed that Quilombism is a creation from the black diaspora whose application in education can project the constitution of an antiracist education.
Influência do estresse na qualidade do sono de idosos da comunidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28)
Guiesi, Pedro Henrique Machado
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Orlandi, Ariene Angelini dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1334146454214813
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Inouye, Keika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
Sleep is a vital function that has a restorative and regulatory action on organic systems. Several studies indicate that sleep is negatively modified with aging. Stress leads to a state of alarm, resistance and exhaustion with physical and emotional changes. Considered a variable that, like aging, can bring about changes in sleep patterns. The present study aimed to identify the association between stress and sleep quality in community-dwelling elderly. This is a research with a quantitative, descriptive and transversal design. The sample was found by elderly people registered in Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo. Data collection was performed according to the application of a sociodemographic and health characterization questionnaire (this will include the use of sleeping medications, physical activity, weekly physical activity time, period of activities and comorbidities), Scale of Geriatric Depression (GDS-15), Perceived Stress Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Descriptive and comparative statistical analyzes were performed. The sociodemographic profile of the sample was young (M=69.88; Md=70.00; SD=6.92). Education was low (M=3.03; Md=3.00; SD=2.92). Individual and family income were less than 1.5 and 2.5 minimum wages, respectively (individual income: M=1201.87; Md=998.00; SD=886.50; family income: M=2328.39; Md=2000.00; SD=1121.93). The elderly were predominantly female (54.4%, n=67), married (92.7%, n=114), mulatto or brown (68.3%, n=166), Catholic (53.7%, n=66), retired (79.7%, n=98) and with a perception of insufficient income to meet the demands of daily life (57.7%, n=71). Regarding the variable presence of comorbidities according to sleep quality, the analyzes showed differences in the quality of sleep of elderly people with arterial hypertension (p=0.019), arthritis (p=0.026), anxiety (p=0.000) and depression (p =0.006). The total score related to poor sleep quality was significantly higher among the elderly with high stress (Low stress group: M=6.05; Md=6.00; SD=3.28; High stress group: M= 9.06; Md=9.00; SD=4.29) (U=1117.50, p=0.000). Analysis of covariance revealed that there is an effect of depressive symptoms on overall sleep quality scores [F (1, 120)=6.381, p=0.013]. However, even considering depressive symptoms as a covariate, the difference in sleep quality according to the level of stress remained significant [F (1, 120)=5.820, p=0.017]. It is concluded that high levels of stress lead to worse sleep quality.
Uma reflexão sobre terminalidade assistida em contexto de vulnerabilidade social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28)
Souza, Helenira Porfírio de
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Peggion, Edmundo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9849805103860827
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-9417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0992128488268186
The assistance in dying consists of promoting relief from pain or any discomforts coming from the process of dying, which might last for a considerable amount of time, such as months or years. Aiming to understand this assistance paid to the dying, in a configuration apparently atypical from the ones described in the specialized literature, a survey was carried out, based on biographic data of the founder of the institution and also of people who are, in any manner, involved with the modality of aiding in end-of-life situations named as Palliative Care, which the institution observed presents itself as an adept. The change in paradigm at the assistance in dying in Brazil was explored as a reference to the construction of the aforementioned aid in dying and to the national and international contributions for the promotion of death under favorable conditions. The experiences found, demonstrate the impossibility of the application of the theory under determined conditions, such as the accompaniment of death of people assisted by the State in life. This fact explains and justifies the initiative of offering aid to people under conditions that are incompatible with life, granting them at least the possibility of a proper closure to life within the material conditions and the context in which the institution and its idealizer are inserted.
Identidades polinomiais para a álgebra de Jordan das matrizes triangulares superiores 2x2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28)
Salomão, Mateus Eduardo
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Gonçalves, Dimas José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9042467665583924
Let K be a field (finite or infinite) of char(K) ≠ 2, and let UTn = UTn(K) be the n x n upper triangular matrix algebra over K. If · is the usual product on UTn, then with the new product a ○ b = (1/2)(a·b + b·a), UTn becomes a Jordan algebra, denoted by UJn = UJn(K). In this thesis, we describe the set I of all polynomial identities of UJ2 for any K, and we prove that I has the Specht property when K is infinite, namely that, I and every T-ideal containing I, is finitely generated as a T-ideal. Moreover, we describe the set of all Z2-graded polynomial identities of UJ2 with any Z2-grading, and we describe a linear basis for the corresponding relatively free Z2-graded algebra.
Comparando o efeito de contingência de grupo independente e interdependente sobre o desempenho escolar em matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28)
Gois, Nayara de Souza
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
The present research replicated studies in social behavior ((Lloyd, Eberhardt & Drake, 1996; Pigott, Fantuzzo, Heggie & Clement, 1984), focusing more specifically on assessing outcomes produced by different group contingencies. Group contingencies are effective in modifying unwanted behaviors and increasing school performance. The aim of the present study was to compare an independent and an interdependent group contingency on the frequency of correctly answering math exercises. Twenty students, both genders, from fourth grade of Elementary School (Cycle 1), from a public school, in a city in the interior of São Paulo, participated in the study. Participants were divided into five groups and each group member performed math exercises with 60 addition and subtraction operations (all exercises were numerical) over a period of ten minutes per session. Reverse designs (ABCA) were used for three groups (Groups 1, 2 and 3), and (ACBA) for the other two groups (Groups 4 and 5). The A condition served as a baseline and no reinforcers were offered. ln B condition, reinforcers were provided by individual performance, required in the group activity. ln condition C reinforcers were provided based on the average performance of the group activity. The results of the present study show that averages of the frequency of correct answers for conditions B and C were higher than for conditions A. However, the participants did not have differences related to means and standard error between conditions B and C.
Inferência para modelos de fração de cura zeros inflacionados aplicados a dados de risco de crédito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28)
Felix, Matheus Henrique
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3775653915719529
Given the great demand for granting credit and service goods, there is a need to be able to control the risk involved in the process. This measure aims to manage possible unwanted events, for example, default, in order to enable the generation of profit or control losses so that they are not greater than what the financial institution could bear. In times of crisis, it becomes increasingly necessary to use tools that can help decision making more reliably. Thus, several statistical techniques are used to build models that can express risk scenarios, including survival analysis, which aims, for example, to predict situations such as the time until defaulting individuals return to their initial defaulting status ( credit recovery). With the application of these techniques, financial institutions can base themselves on the results in order to provide an ideal credit value, so that it does not generate losses for the same, as well as estimates for the resumption of credit operations. In this context, this work aims to study the survival model with a zero-inflated cure fraction. In this approach, it is possible to incorporate three classes of individuals: individuals with time equal to zero, non-susceptible and susceptible to the event of interest. The proposed methodology is applied to a database of a financial company.
Sono e funcionalidade familiar: um estudo com idosos cuidadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28)
Ferreira, Isabela Bonifácio de Almeida
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Alves, Élen dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9548656064787272
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Santos-Orlandi, Ariene Angelini dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1334146454214813
In the Brazilian context, older people care is culturally handled by a family member. Given the recent new family arrangements and the aging of the population, the number of older adults taking care of other older people is increasing. However, the responsibility of care can arise suddenly, and the family caregiver is not always able to assume this responsibility. In this case, the family members may not organize themselves, resulting in conflicts, disharmony, and consequent family dysfunction. Researchers claim that a dysfunctional context can have a negative impact on individuals’ physical health and, consequently, the caregivers' sleep may be negatively affected. Therefore, both family dysfunction and sleep issues among caregivers can interfere in the quality of the provided care, especially in contexts of poverty. Objective: analyzing the relationship between sleep and family functionality of older caregivers registered in Family Health Units in a context of high social vulnerability. Method: cross-sectional study, based on quantitative research assumptions, carried out in a countryside city in the state of São Paulo - BR. This is an excerpt from a larger study, in which 65 older adults aged 60 years or older participated, registered and residing in the urban area covered by the Family Health Units and who take care of other older adult. Data collection was performed in the older adult houses, in a place provided by the family from July/2019 to March/2020. The following instruments were used for the individual interviews: Questionnaire to characterize both the elderly caregiver and the care context, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality and Family APGAR to assess family functionality. Divergencies between groups were analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-Squared and Fisher's exact tests. The significance level adopted for the statistical tests was 5%. Results: most of the older caregivers were female, with a mean age of 69.1 (6.4) years, married, caring for their partner, without previous training or help from third parties with the responsibility of caring. Regarding the sleep quality, 50.8% of older caregivers reported poor sleep. In relation to family functionality, 66.2% of older caregivers had good family functionality, 16.9% had moderate dysfunction and 16.9% had high family dysfunction. There was no statistically significant relationship between the total scores of the sleep instruments and family functionality. There was only statistical significance between family functionality and other sleep disorders caused by preoccupation (p=0.019). Conclusion: There was a higher rate of family dysfunction among older caregivers who had sleep disorders due to a very frequent preoccupation when compared to others.
Educação divergente em ciências exatas e tecnológicas: a experiência de uma disciplina remota durante a pandemia COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28)
Alves, Alessandra Fernandes
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Souza, Carolina Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152101475247049
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5764259071600725
In this dissertation, I investigate aspects of the didactic field of exact and technological sciences in order to rethink the ideal of scientific objectivity in the direction of a divergent education in exact and technological sciences. The search took place in a remote university extension course, during the COVID-19 pandemic, entitled Diversity in the Education of/in the Exact Sciences. The didactic proposal looked for actions, in the scope of Science Education, that would contribute to the appreciation of student subjectivities, through readings, writings, exchanges of vocal and visual records, debates and performances. The experience is narrated in this text in the form of acts, in a draft script, alluding to the theater and its references. To compose the research body, I chose to organize it in 3 acts: The scientific discourse as technology in the construction of docile bodies; Recognition scenes and performance as resistance in the field of exact and technological sciences. The research was guided by some concepts of Michel Foucault and Judith Butler. And, in the report, it was possible to observe that performativity was an invitation to bodies to find a place of resistance, visibility and subversion of identity in relation to the field of science, in a pandemic context. Also an idea of learning and teaching that cracks a authoritarian programming and theoretically problematizes the assumptions of positivist sciences. There is not a single answer that can be given when thinking about divergent education in Exact Sciences, but here I propose that this can be based on the importance of human subjectivity and in the relationship with different forms of existence, in a creative and inventive dynamic.
Avaliação do autocuidado, apoio social e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas em pessoas com fibromialgia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-29)
Nunes, Isadora
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Avila, Mariana Arias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5905617922199364
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2047531294229440
Introduction: Understanding the sociodemographic characteristics, social aspects and self-care of users monitored in health services helps in a more accurate diagnosis and in the development of care plans adapted to the difficulties of each individual. However, this is not what happens with people who suffer from fibromyalgia syndrome (FS), as many health promotion actions are implemented without considering the specifics of the target audience. Objective: To assess the relationship of self-care and social support with sociodemographic variables in people with SF. Methods: This is an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out with 190 participants who met the FS diagnostic criteria of the 2016 American College of Rheumatology, of both genders. The collection took place through an online form that presented: a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire, the Revised Self-Care Agency Scale (Appraisal of Self-Care Agency Scale – Revised -ASAS-R), the Medical Outcomes Social Support Scale Study (Social Support Scale from the Medical Outcomes Study-SSS-MOS) and the Fibromyalgia Knowledge Questionnaire (FKQ). The research was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (CAAE: 35769020.20000.5504). A descriptive statistical analysis of the data sample was used in which calculations of both absolute and relative frequencies, mean and median, standard deviation were performed, we also performed the mann Whitney test, correlation test (parametric or non-parametric) and linear regression simple Results: There was a weak correlation between age and social support (p=0.004; r=-0.208). Monthly income (p≤0.001; r=0.310) and educational level (p≤0.001; r=0.312) showed a moderate correlation with specific knowledge in SF, indicating that these higher socioeconomic variables infer a better knowledge in SF. Self-care agency showed a weak correlation with educational level p=0.004; r=0.207) and monthly income (p=0.002; r=0.224). Despite these weak correlations, we can deduce that people with a higher educational and socioeconomic level will have a greater agency of self-care. The comparison test revealed that people who have a partner perceive social support better when purchased from those who do not have a partner (p=0.002 ) Relating self-care with social support, we can infer that people with good social support have better self-care (p=<0.001; r=0.44), simple linear regression shows that people with a good perception of social support have 19 % of chances of good self-care practice The correlation of specific knowledge in FH shows a negligible relationship with self-care. Conclusion: Having this in mind, we conclude that people with higher socioeconomic variables infer in better knowledge in FH and self-care agency, we also conclude that the individual has greater knowledge in SF does not indicate that he will have better self-care management, therefore o It is relevant an education focused mainly on this issue of carrying out the practice of self-care, encouraging the implementation of routine habits that will help in coping with the FH and its associated symptoms, moreover, interventions in care and public health policies need to be focused mainly on the importance of aspects such as empathy, emotional expression, counseling and guidance and social support as a whole; awareness and knowledge of patients with fibromyalgia.
Engajamento em fantasia e amigos imaginários: perspectivas dos pais e relações com teoria da mente, função executiva e linguagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-29)
Velludo, Natalia Benincasa
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Souza, Debora de Hollanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9252163931721056
In Brazil, there are several studies on symbolic play, however, only a few are focused on investigating high engagement in fantasy, as in lasting and elaborate forms of pretend play – in particular, the creation of imaginary companions and pretend identities. The present work aimed, therefore, to contribute in this direction by investigating the nature of these two forms of pretend play, as well as by testing possible correlations between high engagement in pretend play, theory-of-mind development and executive functions. Based on evidence of positive and negative associations of these elaborate forms of fantasy, a second goal was to investigate the attitudes of preschoolers’ parents on their possible pretend creations. In the first exploratory study, eight 3-year-olds (Mage = 43,4 mos; SD = 1,6 mo) were assessed by a receptive vocabulary test (PPVT), by the Theory-of-Mind Scale and by four executive function tasks. Children were also interviewed in order to obtain data on their predisposition to imagination, the creation of imaginary companions (or not) and personification. Moreover, five caregivers (one father and four mothers) participated in this first study and filled a questionary including questions about their children’s preferences in different contexts (e.g., favorite toys, stories, TV shows and play) and questions regarding the sociodemographic characteristics of participants (e.g., parents’ education level and occupation, number of family members). Non-parametric statistical analyses revealed that children’s performance was not different from chance on the EF tasks; it was below chance on the theory-of-mind scale and, consequently, no significant differences were found between the group of children classified as having high or low fantasy engagement. Results from this first study pointed to the need for important methodological changes, in particular, the change to another age group (4- and 5-year-olds) and an increase in sample size in order to find greater variability in terms of fantasy engagement level. In Study 2, 44 children (Mage = 58,9 mos; SD = 6,8 mos) participated, 25 girls and 19 boys. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, part of the data was collected in person and part by means of online forms and meetings on the Google Meet platform. The same instruments used in Study 1 were used in the first phase of data collection (in person). However, after the beginning of the pandemic, in order to guarantee that the online sessions with the children were not tiresome, three changes were made: a) only the first five out of the seven tasks in the theory-of-mind scale were used; b) the PPVT was excluded because of time requirements; and c) the Bear/Dragon EF task was excluded because 4-year-old participants (first phase of data collection) had performance suggesting a possible ceiling effect. Preliminary analyses did not indicate significant effects of gender, age and type of data collection (in person x online). Spearman correlation tests revealed significant associations between theory of mind and fantasy orientation level, but the effect size was weak; between the score on the Bear/Dragon task and on the Less is More task; between performance on the Bear/Dragon task and PPVT scores; and between performance on the Less is More task and PPVT scores. The level of fantasy engagement, based on data from children’s interviews, correlated significantly with the creation of imaginary companions and the predisposition to imagination and preferences (PIP-Child). Consistent with results from previous studies, there are different points of view from parents, varying from a balanced perception of the phenomenon, including both positive and negative aspects of high engagement in fantasy (41,7%) to an extremely positive view (29,2%). Only one participant showed and extremely negative attitude (4,2%). Together, results from these two studies point to the challenging aspect of the task of assessing different forms and levels of fantasy engagement. The present work included several measures of sociocognitive development and fantasy engagement, revealing significant associations between some measures that need to be further explored in future studies. At the same time, data obtained in the interviews with parents/caregivers suggests that maybe the mistaken belief that the creation of imaginary companions and other elaborate manifestations of fantasy are indicative of behavior and/or emotional problems may be weakening. On the other hand, more studies, as the one reported here, are needed so we can reach a better understanding of all the functions and benefits of pretend play to child development.
Fatores sócio-familiares associados ao reconhecimento de expressões faciais das emoções em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-29)
Ianagui, Camila Corrêa
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Costa-Guarisco, Letícia Pimenta
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9170509383468366
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3491971442040116
Facial expressions are an important source of communication, both for transmission and recognition of the emotional state of the person who communicates. Demographic factors such as gender, age, and education may be related to performance on tasks of recognition of facial expressions of emotions (REFE). Few studies analyze the relationship between REFE and socio-family support in the elderly. Therefore, the study aims to verify if there is a relationship between social and family support with the recognition of facial expressions of emotions in participants of a community center for the elderly. This is a cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study, carried out in a Community Center for the elderly in a city in the State of São Paulo. Those who did not understand the proposed assessments or who had cognitive impairment or severe depressive symptoms were excluded from the research. The study sample consisted of 30 volunteers, 4 men, and 26 women, with an average age of 69 years. Questionnaires were used to assess the socio demographic situation of the participants, family functionality through the “Family APGAR”, social support through the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS); and the instrument to assess the ability to recognize facial expressions of emotions “Penn Emotion Recognition Test”. Questionnaire performance was correlated with performance on the REFE task using Spearman correlation. It was observed that increased education is related to better performance in recognizing the emotion sadness (p = 0.027). The scores obtained in the Apgar Family Test and the Material Support domain of the MOS test had a negative and statistically significant correlation with the emotion fear (r = -0.586 and p = 0.001; r = -0.541 p = 0.002, respectively). In the Affective domain, also of the MOS test, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed (r = 0.379 and p = 0.042) with the neutral emotion in the REFE task. It was concluded that social support, more specifically material support, and family functionality influence the facial recognition of the expression of fear in the elderly.