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Viabilidade da cultura da canola (Brassica napus L.) na bacia do Alto do Paranapanema: uma estimativa baseada em modelagem de culturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Ferreira, Rafael Sousa; Nassif, Daniel Silveira Pinto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2969535606899836; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4789283168888538
The objective of this work was to avaliate the viability of canola (Brassica napus L.) in different municipalities in the Alto Paranapanema Basin through crop modelling. We used daily meteorological data of maximum and minimum temperatures (ºC), rainfall (mm) and global radiation (MJ.m-2.D-1) of ten municipalities in the region between 2009 to 2019 and, later, introduced in the DSSAT plataform to the determination of attainable productivity. Ten dates of sowing were simulated, spaced fifteen days, from February 15 to June 30, with the objective to understand the right sowing window of the canola in the Alto Paranapanema Basin. Finally, data was spatialised with Quantum Gis software (QGis 3.18). Even though these simulations are far from productivity indices of traditional countries in canola production, as Canada, at the national level the region can be an exponent of production, with average attainable productivity on the best sowing dates, between April 15 to 15 June, of 1.492,85 Kg.ha¹ and average standard deviation of 139,60. This shows the potential of canola in the Alto Paranapanema Basin region, and should therefore have investments to quantify and, subsequently, increase agricultural productivity.
Catalisadores Ni/SBA-15 com adição dos promotores aplicados a tri reforma do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Luca, Eduarda Cristina Caixeta Dias de; Assaf, José Mansur; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563312407691130; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3291804329900857
Tri-reforming of methane (TRM) is a combination of steam and dry reforming and partial oxidation of methane reactions in the same reactor. Since it occurs at high temperatures and has water vapor in the reactor feed, TRM needs catalysts with thermal and hydrothermal stability, high oxygen storage capacity, resistance to carbon formation, and a high surface area. Aiming all these properties, Ni/SBA-15 catalysts promoted with CeO2, ZrO2, MgO, (CeZr)O2 were synthesized by two different synthesis methods: i) promoters impregnated on SBA-15 support which was already synthesized and calcined; ii) promoters incorporated into the SBA-15 structure during synthesis. The precursors were characterized with thermogravimetric and thermodifferential analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physisorption, temperature programmed reduction with hydrogen (TPR), temperature programmed desorption with carbon dioxide, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of the SBA-15 structure in all materials was confirmed by XRD analysis. Nevertheless, the incorporated catalysts presented a higher degree of ordering in the pores construction than in the impregnated ones. Through TPR and XPS analyses, it was verified the existence of a strong interaction between nickel and support, which is increased with the presence of promoters. The TRM catalytic tests were carried out at 750 °C for five hours, with reagents being fed into the reaction stoichiometry (3CH4:1CO2:1H2O:0.5O2). In this reaction condition, catalysts promoted with (CeZr)O2 and MgO showed the highest methane and carbon dioxide conversions. All catalysts were also subjected to TRM in water scarcity at 750 °C for five hours (3CH4:1CO2:0.1H2O:0.5O2). In this reaction atmosphere, there was an increase in carbon dioxide conversion and inhibition of methane conversion for all samples. Through thermogravimetric analysis, it was observed that the incorporated catalysts presented greater amounts of carbon depositions on their surface than in the impregnated ones. However, even generating more carbon in the incorporated ones, exhibited better stability during the five reaction hours.
In-Network IdentifiCation and chAining: um mecanismo de identificação de tráfego e encadeamento no plano de dados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Matos, Guilherme Mendes Vieira de; Verdi, Fábio Luciano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6268889758612468
Inside the 5G Core (5GC) a myriad of (virtual) functions may be deployed so that different treatment can be given for traffic coming in and out to/from the Radio Access Network (RAN). One of these key functions is Service Function Chaining (SFC) supported by SRv6 state-of-the-art protocol. In this work, we present an SFC P4-based solution for traffic identification and chaining using SRv6. We call this function In-Network Classification and chAining (INCA), which is deployed entirely in the data plane using a Netronome Agilo SmartNIC. The INCA is deployed just before the User Plane Function (UPF) inside the 5GC and is capable of observing the traffic coming from and going to the RAN so that it classifies and creates the proper sequence of services to be followed by every specific flow. Our results show that INCA performs the task of packet classification and chaining perfectly with a minimal Flow Completion Time (FCT) impact when compared to the same environment without it.
Ações de Z2k com o conjunto de pontos fixos conexo e a propriedade CP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Moraes, Renato Monteiro de; Pergher, Pedro Luiz Queiroz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3328545959112090; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6491436523621062
It is well known that if $\phi:G \times M^m \rightarrow M^m$ is a smooth action of a compact Lie group on a closed smooth manifold, then its fixed point set $F_{\phi} = \bigcup\limits_{i=0}^{n}F^{i}$ is a disjoint union of closed submanifolds of $M^m$, where $F^i$ denotes the union of $i$-dimensional components of $F_{\phi}$. In this way, given a compact Lie group $G$ and a union of closed smooth manifolds $F = \bigcup\limits_{i=0}^{n}F^{i}$, we can ask ourselves if exists such a $G$-action defined on a closed smooth manifold $M^m$ whose fixed point set is $F$. In this work, we discuss this problem for the cases where $G=\mathbb{Z}_2$ with $F=P(m,n) \cup \{point\}$, here $P(m,n)$ denoting a Dold manifold (see \ref{ExemploDold}) and $\{point\}$ is a unique point; and $G=\mathbb{Z}_2^k$ with $F=F^n$ or $F=F^n \cup F^{n-1}$ with $F^n$ and $F^{n-1}$ being connected. Here, $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$ is considered as the group generated by $k$ commuting involutions $T_1, \ldots, T_k$. Another question is concerning the CP property: more specifically, we say that a closed smooth manifold $F^n$ satisfies the CP property (compatible with the point) if there exists an involution $T:M^m \rightarrow M^m$ whose fixed point set is $F^n \cup \{point\}$. In chapter 3 we prove that the Dold manifolds $P(2^t-2,1)$ and $P(2,2^s-1)$ satisfy the CP property for all $t,s>1$. On the other hand, we will see that $P(m,n)$ do not satisfies CP for certain values of $m$ and $n$ (see the Introduction for details). This property was introduced in \cite{TeseJessica}, where several correlated results were obtained. In \cite{StongKos} Stong and Kosniowisky showed that if the fixed point set of an involution $(M^m,T)$ has only $n$-dimensional components and $m>2n$, then $(M^m,T)$ bounds equivariantly. In the same work, they proved that, if $m=2n$, then $(M^m,T)$ is equivariantly cobordant to the twist involution $(F^n \times F^n, \tau)$ where $\tau(x,y) = (y,x)$. In \cite{Onzedoiska} Pergher extended this result for $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions $(M^m,\phi)$ whose fixed point set $F^n$ is connected. More specifically, he showed that, under these fixed point set conditions, if $m > 2^k n$, then $(M^m,\phi)$ bounds equivariantly, and if $m=2^k n$, then $(M^m,\phi)$ is equivariantly cobordant to the $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-twist (see definition \ref{Z2ktwist}). In \cite{stongclass} Stong realized the classification of all cobordism classes of involutions $(M^m,T)$ whose fixed point set has only n-dimensional components and $m=2n-1$. In \cite{zedoisdois} Pergher extended this result for $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-actions $(M^m,\phi)$ whose fixed point set $F^n$ is connected, with $m=4n-1$ and $m=4n-2$. In chapter 4 we extend this work of Pergher for $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions by determining all possible cobordism class of $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions whose fixed point set $F^n$ is connected and $2^k n-2^{k-1} \leq m < 2^k n$. The fixed-data of a $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-action $(M^m,\phi)$ fixing $F$, denoted by $(F,\{\xi_{\rho}\})$, is $F$ with a list of $2^k-1$ vector bundles over $F$, where the vector bundles $\xi_{\rho}$ are obtained by a decomposition of the normal bundle of $F$ in $M^m$. In \cite{zedoisdois2}, P. Pergher and F. Figueira showed the following result: let $(M^m,\phi)$ be a $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-action with fixed-data $(F^n;\xi_{\rho_1},\xi_{\rho_2},\xi_{\rho_3}) \cup (F^{n-1};\mu_{\rho_1},\mu_{\rho_2},\mu_{\rho_3})$, and suppose that there are at least two vector bundles in $\{\xi_{\rho_1},\xi_{\rho_2},\xi_{\rho_3}\}$ that have dimension greater than $n$, and at least one $\mu_{\rho}$ has dimension greater than $n-1$. Then $(M^m,\phi)$ bounds equivariantly. In that paper, the authors proposed the following generalization for $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-actions: \textbf{Conjecture:} Let $(M,\psi)$ be a smooth $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$-action with fixed-data $(F^n, \{ \xi_{\rho} \}_{\rho}) \cup (F^{n-1}, \{ \mu_{\rho} \}_{\rho})$. Suppose that at least $2^{k-1}$ $\xi_{\rho's}$ over $F^n$ have dimension greater than $n$ and at least one $\mu_{\rho}$ has dimension greater than $n-1$. Then $(M,\psi)$ bounds equivariantly. This is the main result of chapter 5 of this thesis. But we achieved the following improvement of the above conjecture: the condition that at least one $\mu_{\rho}$ has dimension greater than $n-1$ can be removed.
Solidificação, desenvolvimento microestrutural, propriedades mecânicas, elétricas e de corrosão de ligas Al-Si(-Ag)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Gomes, Leonardo Fernandes; Spinelli, José Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6904883156193838
In the last years, the development of new light and efficient systems in electric vehicles (EV) opens up new research opportunities. Besides that, the need for internal combustion engine components with optimized properties is also attracting interest. One of these challenges involves the development of alternative Al-Si based alloys. Under such context, the microstructure of Al-Si alloys can be modified with addition of alloying elements in order to improve properties such as tensile strength, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. This PhD research focuses on better understanding of the effects of Ag additions: 0.1 and 2.0wt.% and cooling rate variations on dendritic growth and eutectic formation constituting Al-5wt.%Si and Al-10wt.%Si alloys. Thermodynamic simulations (ThermoCalc) were performed to support the extensive microstructural evaluation. A complete set of characterization including monitored solidification experiments, tensile tests, electrical conductivity, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), immersion tests, optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was developed. The Al-5wt.%Si-0.1wt.%Ag and Al-10wt.%Si-0.1wt.%Ag alloys showed the best combined results for tensile properties / electrical conductivity, resulting in 142 MPa / 22% / 29.4 %IACS and 160 MPa / 12 % / 29.6 %IACS, respectively. Ag-containing having 2.0wt.% alloys resulted in slightly higher mechanical properties and lower electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the Al-5%Si-0.1%Ag and Al-10%Si-0.1%Ag alloys showed the best corrosion performance compared to the ternary compositions with equivalent Si and higher Ag content, resulting in lower corrosion rate, higher passive range, and greater polarization resistance. In the matter of the Al-10wt.% Si-Ag alloys, the microstructure refinement tends to increase the corrosion rate and to enhance the sample’s nobility.
Desenvolvimento de métodos de pré-concentração para a determinação de elementos traço e especiação de cromo e arsênio em amostras agrícolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Sá, Ívero Pita de; Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6816569547529443
Agricultural sustainable production is indispensable to meet the growing demand for food and nutritional control. The risk assessment associated with contamination by toxic elements in agricultural and aquaculture matrices are essential. In this context, the present thesis evaluated new methodologies for pre-concentration and chemical speciation methods using different determination techniques, such as microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES), liquid chromatography associated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and spectrophotometry (UV-VIS) for analysis of fish and organic fertilizer samples. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn determination in meat and fish, and co-precipitation for As and Cd determination in fish were the pre-concentration procedures used to increase the sensitivity of the MIP OES. Experimental planning was applied to optimize the methods, being the trueness evaluated with analysis of certified reference materials (CRMs) and comparison with another instrumental technique, ICP-MS. The values found agreed with reference values, demonstrating the feasibility of the methods. The chemical speciation of As and Cr in fish was performed by LC-ICP-MS, and the extraction of the species was defined using experimental designs. The trueness of the procedures was verified by the analysis of four CRMs and with addition and recovery experiment. Finally, a method for speciation of Cr(VI) in organic fertilizer was developed. The method proved to be adequate for determination by FAAS and UV-VIS. It provided limits of detection of 1.4 and 1.8 mg/kg, respectively, lower than 2.0 mg/kg, the maximum value allowed by the Brazilian regulation. The trueness of the method was evaluated using two CRMs and the addition and recovery technique.
(In)segurança hídrica e o desafio de viver e produzir no PDS Sepé Tiaraju, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Lucati, Leticia Bolonha; Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071; Borges, Janice Rodrigues Placeres; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2373278362705384; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8319859996106033
The water management in the settlements of the brazilian Agrarian Reform is a topic of great relevance and always current, due to its complexity and developments. Amidst the current environmental crisis, therefore, debates about the importance and process of water scarcity are even more present. Recognizing the importance of water for domestic and productive uses, this work sought to describe the characteristics related to water supply and management in the SDP Sepé Tiaraju, by the own settlers, through their speeches. The study area is located on the recharge area of the Guarani aquifer, in the cities of Serra Azul and Serrana. The settlement is an example of agroecological production amid the highest concentration of sugarcane in Brazil. Questions about the sources of supply, distribution and uses of water in everyday life were adressed. To understand the experiences of farmers related about the water, qualitative and quantitative approaches were chosen, through the application of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with 10 farmers from all nucleus of the settlement. Data analysis was performed based on the interdisciplinarity that the central theme requires. The results indicate that problems related to water supply and its multiple uses have existed for years on SDP, pointing to a situation of human and productive vulnerability over all the life cycles of the settlement, which goes against the construction of the guiding principles of the SDP modality: the construction of a rural settlement model, in which Agroecology is the center of the technological matrix. It is considered urgent the strengthening of public policies aimed at water supply for family farming, as well as basic sanitation in general.
O Quilombismo de Abdias Nascimento: fundamentos para uma educação antirracista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Rocha, Fabiana de Oliveira Maciel; Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9837678438894066
The following master's thesis aims to investigate the assumptions of Abdias Nascimento's thought, the ideals and proposals that point to actions for an anti-racist education. This is done from considerations of the work O Quilombismo ([1980] 2019) based on what advocates the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African history resuming the quilombist precepts defended by the author. The object of study is composed of an analysis of the potentialities of the term Quilombism produced by Abdias together with a qualitative bibliographical study of the author's production. The dissertation is inserted in the field of historiographical studies about the history of intellectuality, a branch of the history of mentalities that focuses on the history of thoughts and ideas. We outline as a hypothesis the observation of a projection of Abdias' proposal to fight racism, having education as a platform for action. In other words, the fight against racism for Abdias would occur through education by incorporating assumptions of Quilombism. Under such reading, it can be affirmed that Quilombism is a creation from the black diaspora whose application in education can project the constitution of an antiracist education.
Controle de espécies de Poaceae e Convolvulaceae através de herbicidas aplicados em solo e palha e sensibilidade de mudas pré-brotadas de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Santos, Paulo Henrique Vieira dos; Monquero, Patricia Andrea; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0777721363131617
The implementation of the practice of raking straw in sugarcane fields resulted in heterogeneous distribution or total removal of straw in the areas. And these different amounts of straw can influence the floristic composition of weeds, resulting in a mixed flora, and the dynamics of herbicides applied under pre-emergence conditions. Then, the objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that pre-emergence herbicides applied in different amounts of sugarcane straw result in eficiente control and mass reduction of Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D.Webster, Digitaria horizontalis Willd., Cenchrus echinatus L., Ipomoea triloba L. and Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb and also to evaluate the sensitivity of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings (PSS) to herbicides applied in pre-planting. Weed control experiments were conducted in greenhouse, in a completely randomized design (CRD) in a 11+1 x 5 factorial scheme with four replications for each of the five weed species (Cenchrus echinatus, Urochloa decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, Ipomea triloba e Merreia aegyptia) interacting with the herbicides isoxaflutole, clomazone, sulfentrazone, indaziflam, amicarbazone, tebuthiuron, s-metolachlor + [diuron + hexazinone], imazapic, amicarbazone + tebuthiuron, indaziflam + metribuzin e [indaziflam + isoxaflutole] and a control treatment and five different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 2, 6, 8 e 10 t ha-1) with four replicates for each treatment. The experimental units were evaluated for the efficacy of control at 35 days after emergence (DAE) of the controls, when the plants were cut to obtain the dry mass of the aerial part (DMAP). The sensitivity experiment of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design (CRD) with the variety RB966928 receiving the application of the same herbicides used in the control experiment and four replicates for each treatment. The experimental units were evaluated for phytotoxicity weekly, number of leaves and height at the time of application and 63 days after application (DAA), when the seedlings were cut to obtain dry mass of the aerial part (DMAP). As for weed control experiments, it was observed that s-metolachlor + [diuron + hexazinone] and indaziflam + metribuzin satisfactorily control C. echinatus, U. decumbens and D. horizontalis, as well as sulfentrazone, tebuthiuron and amicarbazone + tebuthiuron satisfactorily control I. triloba and M. aegyptia, when applied in pre-emergence directly to the soil or sugarcane straw, reducing plant DMAP, on average, 95 and 98%, respectively. For the sensitivity experiment of pre-sprouted seedlings, different levels of tolerance of RB966928 to the herbicides used were observed, however, the use of clomazone, indaziflam, sulfentrazone and tebuthiuron, at 63 DAA, resulted in recovered plants and no changes in biometric parameters evaluated. The application of sulfentrazone in pre-planting of PSS, variety RB966928, is safe and efficient in the control of C. echinatus, U. decumbens, I. triloba and M. aegyptia.
Avaliação das praças públicas: perspectivas das dinâmicas urbanas e políticas públicas de lazer nas praças da poligonal histórica de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-27) Navarro, Marcos Rogério; Oliveira, Celso Maran de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5290919962396662
Leisure, as one of the social functions of the city, plays an important role in the health of the population, but has suffered interference along the modifications of the postmodern urban layout. Urban fragmentation and monofunctional zoning tend to reduce public spaces as commuting circuits, wich directly affect the quality of spare time, especially for low-income citizens. As a result, the emptying of the center of the city at times that exceed comercial hours, keeps the population away from staying in places intended for leisure. In this sense, the pesent study, based on the combination of bibliographical research,case study and quali- quantitative analysis model, we sought to assessthe appropriation of te squares in the Historical Polygonal of São Carlos, bringing to light the importance of leisure as a social function of the city and as a fundamental right to the citizens. An on-line interview was requested, via google forms, and the responses were combined with what the literature offers. Through the results obtained, it was possible to observe that little has been done so that the spaces aren’t updated to human needs. It was seen that the available equipment does not correspond to the expectations of the population in order to garantee the social right to leisure in the region. There is a large number of banks, disproportionate to the number of dumps, large ways to walk, but few opportunities for stationary activities. It is expected that the approached methodology will erve as a motto for future studies, both in diferente regions of the municipality, as in other médium cities, with a view to reduce socio-envvironmental diferences and ensure orderly and sustainable development.