Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-12-09"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 8371

Membrana de celulose bacteriana regenerada aplicada em embalagens de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-09)
Generoso, Amanda Lyane
;
Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2559297457767111
Traditional food packaging has the function of protecting and conserving as much as possible the packaged food against spoilage caused by damage environmental conditions, acting as an inert barrier, enabling its handling, transport and distribution safely and efficiently. To meet consumer demand for products with superior qualities, safer, healthier and with less preservatives, research aimed at improving functional packaging, such as active and intelligent packaging, which prolongs stability and/or indicates the packaged product quality, have been developed. Currently, the plastic packaging is the most used in the world due to its characteristics that include lightness, low cost and high performance, generating a huge volume of polluting solid waste, as a result of the disposal of this material. The development of packaging made of biodegradable materials, from natural sources, such as bacterial cellulose, have been by the need not only to reduce, but also to replace the use of plastic in the packaging of food products. Bacterial cellulose is quite versatile, the incorporation of this biopolymer in the production of nanocomposites for the manufacture of food packaging is a major advance in the search for more sustainable. Bacterial cellulose packaging is water resistant, biodegradable and with the incorporation of additives can present antioxidants and antibacterials. In order to reduce production costs, by-products of the food industry have been studied as alternative sources of substrate seeking to expand the use of bacterial cellulose, which is still limited to high-value niche markets. In the present work, alternatives are presented latest and most sustainable food packaging production employing regenerated bacterial cellulose and its prospects for the future.
A graduação em Medicina: um relato de experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-10)
Rossi, Giulia Zanata
;
Santos, Sigrid de Sousa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0475600621927610
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5781023178214041
The graduation in medicine at the Federal University of São Carlos marked a period of great discoveries and personal and professional growth. Taking care of people is a privilege that involves a lot of seriousness, dedication to studies and skills to be achieved. This Course Conclusion Work is based on a reflective narrative referring to my trajectory in the medical course at the Federal University of São Carlos, which was divided into three cycles lasting two years each. During the last cycle of graduation, I experienced the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was a remarkable period of great uncertainty, many adaptations to the new reality and great growth in medicine. In addition to academic training, this narrative refers to experiences during further training, and at the end there is a memorial about all activities developed during graduation. I am very proud and feel secure in receiving a medical degree to be able to practice this profession, which for me is so wonderful and full of possibilities.
Retorno ao trabalho após licença-maternidade: vivência de mães trabalhadoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-10)
Santos, Letícia Lima dos
;
Mininel, Vivian Aline
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4557060516800427
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5006931114256573
Objective: comprehend impacts of return-to-work after maternity leave. Method: qualitative study with mothers who return to work regardless of kind of job in São Paulo, Brazil. Seventeen women have participated in online interviews following a validated script of open questions, between February and August 2021. Data analysis has been done simultaneously of data collected through thematic approach and the sample was delimited by saturation. Results: return to work influenced breastfeeding even in home office; duality between career and the care of the babies cause job dissatisfaction, because of frustration on performance; lack of support with baby caring (daycare centers), reinforced by the pandemic. Conclusions: return to work impacts breastfeeding and quality of mother-child bond mainly in women without maternity-leave benefits. Employers and government should look into this problem and reinforce progressive and protective return to work to promote mother-child health.
Arranjos institucionais de manejo e extrativismo do açaí nas áreas de uso comum na comunidade de São Carlos do Jamari (RO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-10)
Paula, Milena Camargo de
;
Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
;
Gonçalves, Juliano Costa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1803562162325019
Among the Amazon resources used by traditional and riverside communities, the collection of açaí has stood out due to the growing national and international demand for this forest product, and for being characterized as a symbol for Amazonian biodiversity. Empirical analyzes have indicated the potential of populations to structure social arrangements that enable the sustainable use of common resources, such as açaí in the Amazon. Incentives for policies for the inclusion of populations in the management of extractive territories and in the management of local resources indicate that they are not degraded, tending to keep community organizations economically sustainable. In this case study, we analyze the community that works in the collection of açaí-da-mata (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) within the Amazon forest, in the region of the baixo Rio Madeira, in the state of Rondônia. It refers to the community of São Carlos do Jamari, district of Porto Velho. The general objective of this research was to describe and analyze how institutional arrangements for the management and extraction of açaí (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) are organized in areas of common use in the community of São Carlos do Jamari (RO). The methodological procedures were qualitatively based, through a literature review, documental research and a script for semi-open interviews. The documents collected were carried out using the technique of content analysis by exploring the material, processing and interpreting the results, in an attempt to understand what are the interferences in the dynamics of collective organization for the use of açai groves in São Carlos do Jamari, as well as, the implications for the conservation of extracted resources. Following the principles of institutional design and variables for the governance of long-term common resources, it is considered that the institutional arrangement found on the açaí resource does not demonstrate collective action that impacts on a better quality of the collected açaí. External natures, mainly those that refer to the influences of market demand and the absence and presence of the State, generating a disruption of the traditional agreements that allowed for the proper management of açaí, but do not represent a total degradation of resources.
Drivers e barreiras à inovação sustentável na construção civil: evidências do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-10)
Moura, Pedro Henrique Martins
;
Delai, Ivete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7054145506480670
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2132039191883668
The intensification of competition between companies has made innovation a fundamental competitive strategy for companies. At the same time, irreversible climate change, environmental pollution, and resource scarcity have made sustainable innovation an important concern in society and an additional competitive factor for companies in general. In this scenario, given the negative environmental impacts caused by the civil construction sector, and aiming at its minimization, sustainable buildings (green buildings) emerged. Although this constructive model has been used worldwide for some time, the understanding of the factors that motivate (drivers) or hinder (barriers) its wide adoption is not yet consolidated. The current literature on the subject presents two important findings: (1) few studies on the subject were developed with a focus on developing countries, such as Brazil; and (2) the existence of contextual variation (country and region) in the factors that motivate or hinder the adoption of this type of innovation. Given this context, the objective of this study was to identify the drivers and barriers to sustainable construction in Brazil. To this end, two systematic literature reviews (RSL) were carried out to build the theoretical model, which supported the study of multiple cases in Brazilian companies in the civil construction sector. There were seven cases selected among construction companies, suppliers, and the certifying body, representing three groups of stakeholders in this sector. As a result, six main drivers were identified that lead organizations active in the sector to implement sustainable construction (certified or not) and seven barriers that hinder such adoption, arising from both internal and external factors to the construction companies. Externally, the main drivers identified were related to consumers (clients' awareness of sustainable buildings, economic benefits offered to clients, and the existence of market demand), and the main barriers identified were related to the government (speaks of government policies and regulations and lack of financial resources and incentives), the local community (resistance to the shift to sustainable buildings) and suppliers (lack of manufacturers and suppliers of sustainable materials). Internally, the main drivers were increased economic benefits for the organization, improved image, and reputation, as well as increased competitive advantage and effective project planning and control. While the main barriers are related to the difficulty in obtaining certifications and the high initial investment of this type of project. Finally, it is concluded that the results point out the drivers and barriers to sustainable construction in Brazil and confront several points of the researched theory. This work contributes to the dissemination of knowledge about sustainable construction since greater knowledge about the drivers and barriers to sustainable construction in Brazil can facilitate the process of adopting sustainable projects and arouse greater interest in investments.
Entre o prazer e a dor: uma etnografia em contextos digitais de dominação feminina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-12)
Barbosa, Bruno Henrique Benichio Alves
;
Leite Júnior, Jorge
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6247043084122986
The purpose of the present research is to analyze the erotic practices in the context of Brazilian BDSM. As an analytical cut, I chose Female Domination, which is configured as one of the sexual role categories of the BDSM community (Bondage / Discipline, Domination / Submission or Sadism / Masochism). Dominant women use digital media to promote spaces of sociability, to legitimize their sexuality, and to textualize the desires and dilemmas that surround their daily lives. Through the multidisciplinarity of contemporary studies in digital contexts, this research conducted a digital ethnography of three blogspots to achieve an understanding of what Female Domination is, what experiences of gender and sexuality are related to these performances, and what are the goals that drive Female Dominators to use digital media. Furthermore, I mobilize as theoretical references the concepts of Judith Butler and Michel Foucault to analyze the intensity with which these practices are configured in a convergent and/or divergent way, in relation to normative systems about sex, gender, and desire and I use Eva Illouz's sociological propositions about love and emotions as a theoretical basis to understand the affective relationships that are waged within Female Domination.
O bordado-devir nos processos formativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-13)
Spineli, Patrícia Mangili Juliani
;
Fortunato, Ivan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8293044394759438
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2596264616617489
This paper presents the result of an investigation that started from the following question: what relationships can be established between embroidery and teacher education? The work begins with a memorial, through which the researcher seeks to understand the origin of this concern and how it relates to embroidery, so present in the personal and professional processes of being a woman-teacher-researcher. After the memorial, in which the memory is defined as a sustaining frame, the work presents the mapping of theses and dissertations catalogued in the CAPES platform, as a research methodology called state of knowledge, in order to identify how embroidery is guided in the universe of academic productions already concluded within the field of Education, in the research line Teacher Education. And, based on this survey, propose a weaving with the literature to weave possible paths with the results brought by the works found and to look for probable paths beyond them. Simultaneously, an embroidered cartography of the research writing process, in a rhizomatic training trajectory, with lines of escape, resistance, and support, is being built. A research designed as a great thread of time, contemplating the following chapters: Before Yesterday that brings the memory of the author and her encounter with others, to get to the object and restlessness of the research; Yesterday that mentions the paths already traveled through the survey by the state of knowledge of dissertations and theses produced with embroidery and teacher training; Today with the possible paths and probable paths presented in this survey and beyond, with the embroidery going through literature, the feminine, ancestry, the construction of research and the formation of being a teacher/researcher, as well as the becoming of this embroidery, plotted and woven together with a cartography built in an embroidered fabric during the process of writing this research; and Tomorrow with the weaving of all these narratives, the reverses, knots and choices of these threads. A qualitative research, anchored in the state of knowledge, being woven throughout its construction by an aesthetic cartography, where the threads woven by the hands through embroidery and writing go through the (re)existence of the teacher training process in an approach for emancipation.
Membranas baseadas em látex de borracha natural e suas aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-13)
Savarez, Thaiany
;
Paranhos, Caio Marcio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-0585
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7608244131900739
The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a native tree from Amazon, region of Brazil. It is responsible for the production of raw materials known as latex and natural rubber, products of great economic importance worldwide. Brazil has great potential for market expansion and there is great possibility of implantation and genetic uniformity. Latex and rubber are very interesting materials because of their properties, abundance and price. Membrane studies have gained great importance in recent years due to their wide range of processes and applications and membranes based on natural rubber latex have been studied and used in several areas, such as polymer engineering, chemical engineering, immunology, microbiology, physical chemistry, cell biology, among others. This final course paper presents a review of the literature on natural rubber and its latex and the relationship between their properties and the application of membranes in different areas of knowledge.
Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity of Pd(II) complexes for the inhibition of cathepsin B
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-13)
Akinyemi, Amos Olalekan
;
Rocha, Fillipe Vieira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841127259122766
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3385899428319127
Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases of the 20th century, and its prevalence and incidence are increasing in the 21st century. The situation is so serious that one in four people can develop cancer in their lifetime. Several components influence tumor growth, indicating multiple pathways for developing new chemotherapeutic compounds with different modes of action. The enzyme cathepsin B, for example, is related to the formation of new blood vessels that will support the tumor and tumor progression. This enzyme is overexpressed in many types of cancer, including prostate, lung, and breast cancer. In this sense, the search for compounds capable of inhibiting the action of this enzyme is extremely desirable. Palladium (II) complexes may be a promising alternative for obtaining molecules with strong cytotoxicity and the capacity to block the activity of Cathepsin B. Once they can effectively bind to the active site of the target enzyme. Hence, a thiosemicarbazone ligand and triphenylphosphine are incorporated into the molecular framework, generating compounds of the type [Pd(TSC)XPPh3] [(X = Cl-; SCN-; DMSO), PPh3 = Triphenylphosphine, TSC = 1-methyl- 3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene hydrazine carbothioamide). After complete characterization of the complexes by different techniques, cytotoxicity assays were performed against three cell lines [PNT2 (non-tumor prostate cells), A2780 Cis (ovarian tumor lines), and MRC5 (non-tumor lung cells)]. The results indicate high cytotoxicity of all complexes, surpassing the value of the standard drug cisplatin by up to 1400 times. However, a preference between tumor and non-tumor cells was not noticeable. Furthermore, spectrophotometric DNA titration assays were carried out to investigate any interaction between them. The results showed weak or no interaction. Therefore, DNA was ruled out as a possible cytotoxic target. Nevertheless, from the topoisomerase inhibition assay, it was possible to observe the ability to prevent DNA relaxation caused by the topoisomerase I beta enzyme, indicating that this may be one of the pharmacological targets of these complexes. Additionally, the compounds were shown to irreversibly inhibit the action of cathepsin B at concentrations lower than 100 uM. Therefore, it is concluded that this type of compound can present interesting structural characteristics to provide metallic compounds that inhibit cancer progression.
Altas habilidades ou superdotação e o TDAH: avaliação multidimensional para identificação de indicadores de dupla excepcionalidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-13)
Pereira, Josilene Domingues Santos
;
Rangni, Rosemeire de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6399149504309769
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5147978033348152
The twice exceptionality (2e) consists, in studies in the area of high abilities or giftedness (AHSD), in the coexistence of AHSD with a disability or disorder or syndrome and has been considered a condition that characterizes a special population of people with AHSD. In this investigation, it was studied the type of 2e is the coexistence of AHSD and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The identification of students with 2e has been identified in the literature as a complex task, due to the fact that both the AHSD characteristics can be masked by the deficiency or disorder or syndrome and these ones can mask the AHSD behaviors. Furthermore, several scholars on this topic have stated that many students with AHSD have been incorrectly diagnosed with ADHD and that many cases of 2e have not even been considered. In this sense, the main objective of this investigation was to propose a multidimensional assessment model (school, family and student) for the identification of indicators of double exceptionality in students, in the school context, who have been diagnosed with ADHD or who have been evaluated with AHSD or showing signs of ADHD. A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research was carried out through the design of multiple case studies. Nine participants were selected for convenience (three students, three family members and three teachers). The students (cases 1, 2 and 3) were indicated by two schools (public and private) from a medium-sized municipality in the interior of Bahia, Brazil. Instruments (questionnaires, checklists, tests, scales), techniques (semi-structured interview and classroom observation) and documents (school reports) were used for data collection. The results indicated that: i. The evaluation showed that differentiating between AHSD and ADHD is a complex task, due to the similarities between the two conditions; ii. The three cases showed traits indicative of the coexistence of AHSD with ADHD; iii. There were convergences of 2e among the three cases in the following aspects: impairment in executive functions, marked asynchrony, high cognitive capacity, inconsistent pattern in performance, curiosity, ease and speed to learn; high risk of developing the underachievement condition in higher grades, emotional adjustment problems, relationship difficulties in interacting with classmates, interest in space content and social studies, science fiction, scientific projects and experiments; iv. It was observed that the indicatives of involvement with the task were not frequent, which may indicate the non-identification of AHSD by the school and the trait of AHSD behavior harmed by ADHD; v. The lack of training in the area of AHSD of school professionals are barriers to the identification of 2e students and their educational needs. It is possible to conclude that, in all three cases, the students need attention in the disable areas and enrichment of their interests to develop their potential. It is also essential that the assessment for the identification of 2e indicators considers several informants and also multiple instruments, in addition to observations at school and interviews.
Os instrumentos de registro do trabalho pedagógico e a avaliação da aprendizagem: o papel do coordenador pedagógico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-13)
Machado, Karina
;
Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3319708968061359
This qualitative research, based on a case study, started with the objective of verifying the attributions of pedagogical coordination function and its collaboration in teacher education. It also aimed to verify the perspective and the knowledge of the collaborating group; to identify, understand, and discuss the actions used by the coordinators with their teaching group; to characterize the formation of the professionals who work in this function and describe their formative path. In addition, we also aimed to learn about the actions taken based on the results of Basic Education Evaluation System (Saeb). Three coordinators for 4 and 5 years old education and four coordinators of Elementary School (1st to 5th grade) of the municipal public school of a small town in São Paulo State attended the research. To achieve the objectives, we used three data collection tools: a questionnaire, a narrative, and an interview. A fourth instrument - the visits - emerged in the Early Childhood Education coordination group, replacing the narrative. As a theoretical reference, we used the studies of Alarcão (2011) and Imbernón (2009; 2010; 2011) in the reflections on teacher training; Reis (2011) in class observation and Zabalza (2007) in the class diaries. In evaluation, we worked with the ideas of Hoffmann (2014; 2018), Depresbiteris and Tavares (2009), Zabala (2010), Luckesi (2011), Libâneo (2004; 2013) and Villas Boas (2011; 2012). Throughout the analysis and data construction, we found that the professionals perform several tasks that cover different school departments and that there is an understanding that the work emphasis should be in monitoring the pedagogical work, which ends up being reduced by the number of tasks performed. By monitoring the teaching work, the professionals use a number of strategies and, in this research, we highlight classes observation and the class records. Since the coordinator is a school professional who contributes to the continual teachers training, we propose a deepening in the use of the instruments already used, from the perspective of development the reflective teacher. In relation to the results of the external evaluation, the mock tests appear as one of the actions taken in an attempt to verify the level of student learning and the retaking of unlearned content. We propose a different look at this action, so that the evaluation is done from the perspective of monitoring the teaching and learning processes, articulated with the class records and with class observation. Therefore, we have narrowed our view to the evaluation of learning that takes place in the classroom environment, which must provide, building on and be present in the pedagogical actions, preceding and overriding any external evaluation result. The records in the instruments mentioned above, along with the evaluation process, contribute to student learning and to development of reflective and investigative professional of its practice. These instruments also contribute to the coordinator in the analysis of the pedagogical practice, from a formative perspective. We believe that a formative pedagogical positioning - both from the teacher in the classroom and as from the pedagogical coordinator actions – joined with reflective records made by teachers, will contribute to the teaching process and to the learning process.
Utilização de Quimiometria na avaliação da influência de diferentes níveis de circulação de ar na determinação de umidade por secagem em estufa de ar forçado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-13)
Catani, Natália Caroline
;
Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6045158656169352
Moisture content is one of the most relevant parameters for PepsiCo products, because its percentage could directly affect the quality and safety of the products. One of the main methods used to determine moisture in foods is drying it in an oven with forced air circulation. Equipment available on the market nowadays have settings which allows the control of air ventilation percentage, and air exchange with the environment. The official methods available are not updated at as quickly new equipment is released on the market, therefore the official methodologies presented some improve opportunities, because it hasn’t all necessary information about the parameters to perform analysis using new equipment. Using chemometric tools such as design of experiments and analysis of variance, it was possible to determine the importance and impact of the variables related to air ventilation in moisture content determination. Five models were proposed for main products, allowing the determination of the ideal configuration of oven settings for each product. This study had a big impact for the company, because its permitted the internal method update for three R&D laboratories in Latin America.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação inicial de um jogo educativo para avaliação de comportamentos pré-aritméticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Gris, Gabriele
;
Souza, Sílvia Regina de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722504383832001
;
Carmo, João dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
Some difficulties faced by Brazilian students in Mathematics may reflect insufficient learning from the first years of schooling. Assessment instruments developed systematically and thoroughly can contribute to the mapping of basic repertoires. This work aimed to develop an educational game to assess pre-arithmetic behavior in children at the beginning of school education. Chapter 1 aimed to identify and operationally describe the predictors and indicators of success in arithmetic through a systematic literature review. We reviewed 13 studies - 11 longitudinal and two cross-sectional - and identified 31 predictors and 15 indicators of success. We observed large conceptual and operational dispersion, and it was not possible to identify a consensus on basic skills that are important for later learning in arithmetic. After reviewing developmental studies, we conducted a systematic literature review with an emphasis on behavior-analytic production. Chapter 2 aimed to identify the main characteristics of studies in Behavior Analysis that investigate pre-arithmetic repertoires and discuss the adequacy of the concept of pre-arithmetic skills. Twenty-one studies were included for analysis, divided between studies on numerical conceptual behavior and curriculum proposals that mainly cover relations between numerals and sets. We also discuss the adequacy of the concept of pre-arithmetic skills and propose that the set of studies identified be named "pre-arithmetic behavior". After revising the first two chapters, we operationalized an educational game's tasks to evaluate pre-arithmetic behaviors and collected validity evidence based on the content of Korsan: Pre-Arithmetic (Chapter 3). After grouping and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 74 objective-behaviors remained that were translated into game tasks. Semantic, usability, and engagement analysis were conducted with two participants (8 and 10 years old). Content analysis was also performed after consulting three experts. Subsequently, it was evaluated the alignment between proposed in-game tasks and Base Nacional Comum Curricular based on the analysis of four experts. In the experts' evaluation, the game content is considered appropriate for evaluating pre-arithmetic repertoires. We identified the need to change the visual and wording aspects of the instructions to fit the target audience best. In study 4, we collected evidence to refine the instrument by mainly applying the game to a younger target audience. Seven children, aged between 4 and 8 years old, participated in the study. As anticipated by experts in the challenge level analysis, we identified tasks of different difficulty levels, one of the components in the alignment assessment. Adjustments are suggested so that the game works as a suitable assessment tool while also fulfilling good games' engagement and fun goals.
Produção de hidrogênio e metano a partir da co-digestão de soro de queijo e glicerol em reator anaeróbio de leito fluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Almeida, Priscilla de Souza
;
Silva, Edson Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720274214573371
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1732909136264562
Cheese whey and glycerol are by-products of the dairy and biodiesel industry, respectively. Both by-products are highly produced and can be used in the anaerobic digestion process for energy generation due to their high organic content. The adoption of two-stage anaerobic digestion associated with the application of co-substrates brings several advantages, such as increases in COD removal and production of H2 and CH4. In this context, the objective of this research was to evaluate the co-digestion of cheese whey and glycerol in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR) using a two-stage process, and to verify the effect of organic loading rate (OLR) and temperature on the production of H2 and CH4. Thus, the co-digestion was performed in a thermophilic methanogenic reactor (RU-T) by increasing the OLR from 2 to 20 gCOD.L-1.d-1, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h. After the optimal concentration determination, the HRT was decrease from 24 to 20 and 16 h. For the two-stage process, the OLR of the acidogenic reactor (RA-T) was increased from 60 to 120 gCOD.L-1.d-1 (HRT 4 h) and of the methanogenic reactor from 2 to 20 gCOD.L-1.d-1 (HRT 24 h). Besides, the effect of temperature was investigated in the second stage using a thermophilic (RS-T) and a mesophilic (RS-M) methanogenic reactor. RU-T showed the best performance in the OLR of 10 gCOD.L-1.d-1, with methane yield (MY) of 253.0 NmL CH4.gCOD-1rem and methane production rate (MPR) of 3.2 L CH4.L-1.d-1. In the HRT evaluation, the HRT of 20 h provided the maximum MY of 292.5 NmL CH4.gCOD-1rem, while the maximum MPR was observed in the HRT of 16 h (5.1 L CH4.L-1.d-1). Acetic and propionic acid were the dominant metabolites. Regarding the two-stage process, the RA-T provided a yield of 1.7 mmol H2.gCOD-1app and hydrogen production rate of 3.9 L H2.L-1.d-1, both in the OLR of 90 gCOD.L-1.d-1, with butyric and acetic acid as main metabolites. RS-M produced the highest MY and MPR, equal to 273.2 NmL CH4.gCOD-1rem and 5.8 L CH4.L-1.d-1 in the OLR of 20 gCOD.L-1.d-1. The RS-T showed MY of 269.9 NmL CH4.gCOD-1rem in OLR 10 gCOD.L-1.d-1 and MPR of 4.4 L CH4.L-1.d-1 in 20 gCOD.L-1.d-1. Acetic and isobutyric acid were the main metabolites. Through sequencing analysis, was identified as dominant genus in RA-T Themoanaerobacterium. Archaeas of the genus Methanobacterium was the most abundant in RS-M and RU-T, while the genus Methanothermobacter was in RS-T. In general, it is verified that OLR above 10 gCOD.L-1.d-1 was harmful to RU-T and RS-T, while RS-M showed stability at 20 gCOD.L-1.d-1. The two-stage process showed better performance, however, considering the results of the HRT evaluation in the RU-T, there is the possibility of applying smaller HRT in the second stage for higher CH4 production.
Análise de recursos audiovisuais utilizados por docentes do ensino superior nas disciplinas de Libras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Fornari, Rodrigo Vecchio
;
Santos, Lara Ferreira dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7411901183805783
The Brazilian Sign Language is a visual-gestural language, and its learning takes place mainly through the visual channel. Therefore, the audiovisual resources present in didactic materials for the teaching of Libras in undergraduate courses must prioritize image and content quality. A few years ago, recording, editing, and sharing a video was only possible for communication professionals or those directly linked to the audiovisual market. Today, thanks to advances in technology and the popularization of smartphones and personal computers, these tasks are performed by “ordinary people”, requiring only a little interest and curiosity to achieve these feats. However, this intuitive use of equipment and tools for video production can cause technical problems that affect the final quality of these materials. In view of this, this research aims to analyze audiovisual resources for the teaching and learning Libras as a second language (L2) for hearing students. For this purpose, it was decided to carry out a exploratory-descriptive research, with analysis of materials produced and/or used by teachers of Libras, of intermediate or advanced level, of the presential courses of licentiate and baccalaureate that aim at the formation of teachers, translators, and sign language interpreters, from Federal Educational Institutions. The professors at these institutions were contacted and, through an online form, an attempt was made to outline the profile of the participants. Interviews were carried out with some participants, aiming at a better understanding of the process of elaboration or choice of audiovisual materials. Subsequently, they were asked to send or indicate the audiovisual material used for analysis purposes. The material collected was presented in the analysis and the discussions and reflections are based on the literature in the areas of visuality and technology. As a result, this research demonstrates the need for technical support and complementary training aimed at these teachers to produce materials with audiovisual resources for their classes, resources that are extremely relevant for hearing learners. The technical analysis of the materials sent allowed the formulation of guidelines and recommendations for capturing, editing, and sharing videos to produce new, more efficient, and assertive materials for the Libras disciplines.
Evolução organizativa e alternância de poder a nível estadual no PT, PSDB e DEM entre 2010 E 2021
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Thomazini, Marlon Baltieri
;
Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6628555078488448
Este trabajo busca analizar la evolución de la estructura partidaria a nivel estatal de tres partidos políticos brasileños - Partido de los Trabajadores (PT), Partido de la Socialdemocracia Brasileña (PSDB) y Demócratas (DEM) - y su relación con la alternancia de poder de sus presidentes del estado. Para ello, se recopilaron datos empíricos de los tres partidos políticos (órganos del partido) para evaluar cómo cambió la estructura del partido estatal entre 2010 y 2021. Luego, se midió la duración del mandato de sus presidentes estatales en el mismo período. A la luz de la teoría organizativa de los partidos políticos y la literatura brasileña sobre la organización de partidos, el trabajo sostiene que los partidos descentralizados tienden a otorgar mayor autonomía a los presidentes de los estados, lo que permite que los líderes de partidos que ocupan cargos en la presidencia de los estados permanezcan en el poder por más tiempo. Esto se debe al menor uso de recursos institucionales controlados por la dirección central para inhibir los mandatos de los presidentes de estado.
Os pés da memória: uma etnografia sobre as plantas, o gado e o tempo na beira do rio São Francisco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Acypreste, Izadora Pereira
;
Vander Velden, Felipe Ferreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7289231173735671
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4279348687162397
This dissertation seeks to discuss, through an approach about plants, cattle and time [tempo], how the life of riverine quilombolas is produced through continuous multispecific engagements. Residents of areas [áreas] along the São Francisco river [beira do rio], the quilombolas of Sangradouro Grande, Croatá, Gameleira and Várzea da Cruz, communities located in the municipality of Januária, North of Minas Gerais, highlight the very importance of the river in the constitution of the landscape, which is also produced by the daily conviviality [convivência] between people, plants and other living beings [viventes]. Therefore, it is through the engagements between people and these other living beings that we can understand the story [estórica] of the constitution of the landscape, which involved, and still involves, several movements, receptions [acolhidas], help [ajudas], among other reciprocal exchanges between humans and non-humans. But this landscape has been changing over time, changes that can be observed from the conviviality with the living beings of the place and against which one can also resist through alliances with each other. Since the plants are deeply intertwined with the way that riverine quilombolas understand their territories, the proposal is to describe these different connections it establishes with the lives of those who, along with them, cohabit along the riverbank. Thus, these “wonderful things” or “lovely things”, as the people on the riverbank say, serve us here not only as a starting point, but also as a common thread that connects the different discussions that make up the thesis. Through this approach, I hope to capture the most sensitive aspects of the way local residents think and relate to their plants [pés], and how, based on this relationship, they conceive and produce other aspects of their lives. In short, I aim to understand what multispecies relationships say about the way of life, the story, the territorialities, and the conviviality that generates bonds of belonging among the inhabitants of these riverine quilombola communities.
Identidades polinomiais graduadas para a álgebra das matrizes triangulares superiores sobre um corpo finito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Riva, Evandro
;
Gonçalves, Dimas José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4157173099755399
Let K be a field of characteristic p and let UTn = UTn(K) be the algebra of n x n upper triangular matrices over K with the usual product a . b of the elements a,b ∈ UTn. In this thesis we describe the set of all G-graded polynomial identities of UTn, where G is any group and K is any finite field. The vector space UTn with the new product [a,b] = a . b - b . a is a Lie algebra, denoted by UTn^(-). We describe the set of all G-graded polynomial identities of UT2^(-), where G is any abelian group and K is any field with characteristic p ≠ 2.
Avaliação do potencial tóxico do inseticida Clorantraniliprole e do herbicida Ametrina, isolados e em mistura, em diferentes temperaturas para uma espécie zooplanctônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Lucca, Gisele Maria de
;
Freitas, Emanuela Cristina de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8601993745082402
;
Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of the pesticides Chlorantraniliprole and Ametryn, isolated and mixed, on the species Ceriodaphnia silvestrii at two different temperatures and thus, carry out a preliminary risk assessment of these pesticides to Brazilian water bodies. However, comparative tests of the acute and chronic effects of isolated and mixed compounds were carried out with their standard formulation. The results demonstrated that the acute toxicity tests pointed an increase in mortality with increasing exposure time according to the selected compounds. Concerning to the chronic toxicity tests, the herbicide Ametryn significantly reduced the fertility of C. silvestrii females at concentrations from 20 μg L-1 and the insecticide Chlorantraniliprole caused hormetic effects on female fertility in the two lowest concentrations tested (0,02 and 0,04 μg L-1) and significantly reduced reproduction at the concentration of 0,14 μg L-1. In the experiments, combining the methodology of standardized tests using three temperatures (17, 23 and 30°C), the tests were carried out with the cladoceran C. silvestrii after the acclimation period. In acute toxicity tests for the insecticide Chlorantraniliprole, significant effects on the immobility of organisms were observed at low concentrations tested. In chronic tests, there was a hormesis effect at the temperature of 23°C for the concentration of 0,04 μg L-1 and significant reduction in female fertility were found for body length, number of eggs and offspring from the concentration of 0,07 μg L-1 at the three temperatures tested. For the herbicide Ametryn, the results of the acute tests showed a significant effect of temperature on the toxicity of the herbicide Ametryn, at the highest temperature tested (30°C), the average mortality occurred at lower concentrations than when compared to the mean mortality of the lower temperatures (17 and 23°C). In chronic tests, significant reductions were observed in the following parameters: body length, number of eggs and newborns, with emphasis on the temperature of 17°C, where the organisms of C. silvestrii were more sensitive than at the temperatures of 23 and 30°C. Thus, our results show that acclimation can generate significant differences in the toxicity and distribution of the sensitivity of the cladoceran C. silvestrii, indicating the need to incorporate the thermal factor in ecotoxicity tests with tropical aquatic organisms, as well as this environment variable influences biological processes of that species. In the tests with the mixture, in the acute toxicity tests of the active ingredients, the data showed dependent interaction on the dose level from the Addition of Concentration model (CA), with antagonism occurring at low doses and at high doses what was observed was synergism between its components. Chronic exposure also resulted in a dose-dependent toxicity, with antagonism occurring at low doses and synergism at high doses with a change in interaction occurring at a level equal to EC50. Given the above, it is concluded that the pesticides studied, isolated, in mixture and with acclimation at different temperatures caused toxicity in the test organism, representing potential risks to aquatic environments, suggesting more restrictive measures for the use of these compounds to ensure greater protection of freshwater bodies in tropical environments.
Circuitos curtos de comercialização de alimentos: a conquista de territórios para agroecologia no Triângulo Mineiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-12-14)
Souza, Fernando Cesar de Oliveira
;
Marjotta-Maistro, Marta Cristina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3987280258617095
;
Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
Faced with the prevailing scenario of a globalized agri-food system that operates towards the subordination of peasant agriculture, new markets are built, like the short food supply chains, as a way to reconnect food producers and consumers. This form of commercialization, as well as agroecology itself, has as a principle, antagonistic logics to those prevailing in the current food regime. In this way, peasants have sought to build by means of short food supply chains an alternative towards the achievement of greater autonomy. In view of the above, the objective of this study was to evaluate and discuss the potential of short agroecological food supply chains, as tools of peasant resistance to the corporate agri-food regime, based on a territorial approach. The methodology of the research is composed of the case study of the experience of agroecological baskets "Sowing Agroforestry", in Uberlândia/MG. Data collection instruments were: documentary analysis, participant observation and semi-structured interviews with actors related to the chain. The analysis of the results pointed to the constitution of a territory, from the social relations based on solidarity, mutual acknowledgment, transparency and learning. The chain demonstrated to be a mechanism, strategy and also product of an agroecological territoriality, ratifying the political potential of agroecology in providing counter-hegemonic paths for the constitution of more ethical, fair and sustainable agri-food systems.