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Avaliação do papel da neurotransmissão de ocitocina na modulação da ansiedade induzida em camundongos pelo modelo de empatia para dor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02) Magno, Gustavo Diego; Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7985367917168836
The success of social interaction is a necessary factor for human survival and depends on the ability to understand and experience emotions that the other is feeling. Some studies observed an increase in anxiety in rodents living with a conspecific submitted to a stressful situation, which was analyzed as emotional contagion, that is, the dissemination of forms of emotion from one individual to another. Recent studies have shown that the cohabitation of mice in pairs with a conspecific submitted to neuropathic pain increases the nociceptive response in observers submitted to the abdominal writhing test and in anxiety indices in mice exposed to the elevated plus maze (EPM). Therefore, these studies show the social modulation of pain and anxiety. On the other hand, in autism-induced rodents, a decrease in prosocial behaviors and an increase in anxiety were observed compared to the control group. Using this model, it was observed that the administration of oxytocin produced an increase in prosocial behavior in mice. Given the above, considering that there are studies linking oxytocin to increased prosocial behaviors and anxiolytic effects in rodents and that rodents exposed to the empathy model for pain showed anxiety-related responses, this study aimed to investigate whether the antagonism of oxytocin receptors with atosiban may interfere with the increase in anxiety induced by living with a conspecific undergoing chronic pain. For this, male Swiss-albino mice were separated into pairs during a 28-day coexistence protocol. After 14 days of living together, one of the animals in the pair underwent surgery for sciatic nerve constriction (NC) or surgery without nerve constriction (Sham). On the 28th day, the animal that lived with its conspecific NC or Sham received an injection of vehicle or atosiban [0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneally], and after 30 minutes, it was submitted to the test in the EPM for five minutes. To confirm the contact with the animal with nociception, on the 29th day, the hot plate test was performed in both groups (NC and Sham). The results demonstrate that living with conspecifics in chronic pain produced hypernociception and increased anxiety-related responses in partners when submitted to the elevated plus-maze test. Systemic treatment with the three doses of atosiban produced an anxiogenic-like effect in mice that lived with conspecifics without pain (Sham) but did not reverse the increase in anxiety observed in mice that lived with conspecifics with pain (NC). We suggest that the animals that lived with a partner without pain (sham) may have normal oxytocin levels, due to the absence of the stressor stimulus, facilitating the production of the anxiogenic effect induced by atosiban. However, in animals that lived with a partner in pain (NCC), oxytocin levels were probably increased as a result of the stressor stimulus and, therefore, blocking these receptors with the antagonist was not able to reverse the anxiogenic-like effect induced by the model. This study contributed to demonstrating the involvement of oxytocinergic neurotransmission in the modulation of the emotional response induced by living with conspecifics with chronic pain and without pain in mice. However, further research will be needed to elucidate the action of oxytocin and its blockade with chronic treatment, and/or administration in central nervous system structures involved in the modulation of anxiety induced by empathy for nociception in mice.
O problema da dedução na filosofia moral kantiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-02) Rissi, João Paulo; Santos, Paulo Roberto Licht dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1681044854219924; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6671109439230591
The subsection IV of section III of Kant’s Groundwork of the metaphysics of morals formulates the question, "how is a categorical imperative possible?" For this question to be answered the Groundwork requires a proof of the actual possibility of the supreme principle of morality under human conditions. The question then focuses on the legitimacy of using a principle of pure practical reason, that is: to submit the categorical imperative to transcendental deduction. In the Critique of Practical Reason, Kant dispenses with a deduction and states that the task of asking about the possibility of the moral law is vain, since it is presented as a Faktum der Vernunft that would legitimize, by itself, the human will. Therefore, what was previously, in GMS, indispensable: (to prove the legitimacy of the pure use of an a priori practical principle), ceases to be so in the KpV, with the introduction of an a priori fact that would be the consciousness of the moral law. The introduction of the concept of Faktum der Vernunft was criticized by some interpreters and philosophers. Schopenhauer, for example, accuses Kant of having turned the categorical imperative into a "hyperphysical fact within the mind." Such objections, which see irreconcilable positions or tension between the GMS and the KpV fail to take into account that Kant's goals are distinct in each of the works with regard to reflection on morality: the supreme principle of morality (which needed a deduction of its legitimacy that would prove that morality is not an illusion, in the GMS) is not left behind by a Faktum inherent in human reason, as can be found in the KpV. Awareness of the moral law is a Faktum of reason, and the categorical imperative is the supreme principle of morality. Distinct things. It requires, in order to think the Kantian reflection on morality in two distinct moments, to investigate the following points: (i) how the deduction of the categorical imperative is developed in section III of the GMS and its implications; (ii) what is the Faktum der Vernunft and why a deduction of the moral law would not only be dispensable, but it would not even make sense to expect there to be one in the KpV, since the GMS had already settled the question about the possible synthetic use of pure practical reason; (iii) Kant does not ask about a deduction of the moral law, but only of the categorical imperative. These points contribute to support the thesis we defend here: to show that, although a deduction exists only in GMS, the moral law, which is secured through a Faktum, is, under human circumstances, the categorical imperative itself. This means that even if the human being is conscious, a priori, of the moral law, he must also want to act morally: hence the moral obligation provided only by a categorical imperative comes in.
Caracterização funcional e bioquímica do fator de transcrição HsfA e estudo da termotolerância, composição lipídica e integridade da parede celular de Aspergillus fumigatus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-02) Fabri, João Henrique Tadini Marilhano; Malavazi, Iran; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1569614985704317; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3434390957476497
The filamentous and saprophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is the main causative pathogen of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (API) in immunocompromised individuals. One of its most important determinants of virulence is the thermotolerance. Faced with high temperature stress, opportunistic fungal pathogens implement an adaptive mechanism known as heat shock response controlled by heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), such as Hsf1. In eukaryotes, HSFs regulate the expression of heat shock proteins, such as the chaperone Hsp90, which are part of the cellular program for heat adaptation. Recently, it was observed that the disturbance in cell wall integrity (CWI) of A. fumigatus also causes susceptibility to elevated temperatures. Furthermore, it is known that, in response to temperature shock, fungi adapt the composition and fluidity of their cell membranes towards homeostasis. In this work, the hsfAHSF1 gene from A. fumigatus was studied, through the construction of a conditional mutant. hsfA was essential for the viability, virulence, thermotolerance and CWI of A. fumigatus. Temperature shock and cell wall stress modified the cell wall ultrastructure and triggered the coordinated expression of HsfA and Hsp90, which was shown to be regulated by the components of the CWI pathway PkcA and MpkA. RNA-Seq analyzes confirmed that HsfA regulates the expression of genes related to heat shock response, cell wall biosynthesis and remodeling, and lipid homeostasis. Furthermore, HsfA had a role in the synthesis of sphingolipids and phospholipids. For this reason, the function of the sdeAOLE1 gene, which encodes a fatty acid desaturase, and its relationship with hsfA was also investigated here. sdeA was shown to be essential, necessary for the synthesis of fatty acids and important for the phospholipids metabolism. It was also observed that HsfA regulates the expression of sdeA and the pseudogene sdeB. Finally, Western blot analysis proved that SdeA physically interacts with Hsp90 and regulates the expression of this chaperone. Collectively, these results demonstrate the connections between heat shock response and the CWI pathway and plasma membrane homeostasis, with HsfA playing a crucial role in the regulation of these pathways. Such conclusions may be important to bring new information about potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of API, and can also be applied to other pathogenic or relevant filamentous fungi.
Estudantes com doença crônica e/ou deficiência com comorbidade: ações escolares em prol da inclusão escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-02) Marchi, Gabriela Guimarães; Pedrino, Mariana Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2217597752295003; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0941-4050; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-2001; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8008052082067172
Education is a right for all, and education must be based on equity, offering opportunities and conditions for children and adolescents to access and remain in school. Inclusive policies aimed at access to education emerged in the 1990s and were important movements for inclusion and access to services that help students meet their educational demands and needs, important rights for students with chronic diseases and also with disabilities with comorbidities. The objective of the research was to investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases and/or disabilities with comorbidities in students from municipalities belonging to a Regional Health Department in the interior of the state of São Paulo, as well as to identify the actions carried out in the school context to minimize the difficulties in the schooling process of these students. The research has a descriptive-exploratory nature and a qualitative-quantitative approach, which was carried out virtually. The first contacts were made through e-mails and telephone calls, and the participants were professionals in the area of Education related to the Municipal Secretariats/Departments of Education or Municipal Educational Institutions who answered an online questionnaire. Of the 23 municipalities selected for the survey, nine municipalities responded, resulting in a total of twelve responses (one Department of Education, one Secretariat of Education, and 10 municipal schools). With the responses obtained from the questionnaire, it was possible to verify a higher prevalence of enrollments of students with chronic diseases in relation to students with disabilities with comorbidities. Bronchial asthma, the chronic disease, and Down syndrome and heart disease, the disabilities with comorbidities, had the highest prevalence among the number of students outlined by the municipalities in the years 2017 to 2020. Public policies are important to ensure the right and services to quality education for all, and to try to ensure that there are no absences and consequences for students, including those undergoing health treatment, whether due to chronic disease or disability with comorbidities, among others.
Comparação entre estratégias para programação integrada de operações envolvendo decisões de programação de operações da produção e roteirização de veículos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-03) Souza, Juliane Fernandes Caetano; Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8773224322883164
The main motivation of this paper is to study a solution refinement technique for scheduling and routing of integrated production and distribution problems. It is possible to affirm that solving these operations in an integrated form is important to guarantee the search for the best solution for the system. The objective of the research is to compare the results obtained from three types of resolution: a mathematical model solved in an uncopled form, an integrated model and an integrated model that uses an initial solution of the uncoupled problem. The main characteristics of the studied problems were: unique machine and one vehicle for distribution. As the objective function, was prioritized the minimization of the total flow time of the orders in the system, normally related by the literature with the total time of fulfillment of an order and with inventory levels. To achieve this goal, mixed integer linear programming was used and two different time limits were set, 120 and 1.800 seconds. One of the most important conclusions was that, with a relatively short time limit of execution, 30 minutes, the use of an uncoupled initial solution in an integrated model, in groups of highest number of jobs, provides an average improvement of approximately 11.15% in results compared to the integrated model and 18.24% of improvement when compared to the uncoupled form.
Tecnologias sociais na apicultura e meliponicultura: análise sobre a produção de conhecimento científico, tecnológico e popular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-03) Cultri, Camila do Nascimento; Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1283889033381595
Recognizing how is configured the body of scientific, technological and popular knowledge about Social Technology for beekeeping and meliponiculture, registered in international databases, is an essential activity to support strategic actions in the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS) that aim to contribute to policies directed to society and the environment. The interest in beekeeping has been notorious in recent years, both for the sweet commercial attractiveness and for the awareness of the importance of species for the environmental balance. However, conditions in Brazil are not favorable: high mortality rates of bees, increased use of pesticides and lack of incentives. Beekeepers and meliponiculturists have been experiencing increasingly complex problems and with the Covid-19 pandemic new difficulties have been added. This thesis aimed to analyze the current scenario of the production and evolution of scientific, technological and popular knowledge with potential of Social Technology for beekeeping and meliponiculture. The methodology included exploratory and documentary research, literature review, case study, and bibliometric research in the database - Web of Science. The results about scientific, technological and popular knowledge were organized in groups: appropriation and transformation of the learned knowledge and opportunities for diffusion and appropriation. A systematization of international and Brazilian experiences was carried out, gathering projects from Italy, England, Bulgaria, Greece and Spain. In the sequence, the Cooperativa de Trabajo Apícola Pampero Limitada (CAP) from Argentina was studied, with agroecological principles, participatory methodologies, respect for people and traditional communities. As for public perception and dissemination of popular knowledge, the study of technologies and practices of the Technologies and Practices for Small Agricultural Producers (TECA) platform maintained by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was used. About the Brazilian experiences we had as sources the Fundação Banco do Brasil (FBB), the Fórum Brasileiro de Economia Solidária and the Instituto de Tecnologia Social (ITS). To identify the panorama of inventions and innovations, the current picture of patents deposited at Google Patents and at the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) was surveyed. This research is concluded with the verification of funding in grants and scholarships, making a case study, at the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP). From these results, some strategies of approach and exchange of knowledge and practices between producers of scientific and popular knowledge for the development of beekeeping and meliponiculture were proposed. It is hoped that in the near future, through projects involving teaching, research and extension; organizations, researchers, associates, cooperative members, among other interested parties, can articulate themselves to preserve, exchange, transmit, anchor, and pollinate more and more knowledge in this area.
Análise das propriedades de medida da versão traduzida e adaptada do fibromyalgia rapid screening tool (FiRST) em português brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-04) Sousa, Ana Paula de; Avila, Mariana Arias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5905617922199364; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0945586574480379
Introduction: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is a prevalent disease mainly in women and its diagnosis is basically clinical; therefore, tools that can execute the initial screening of the disease to help in the quick and simple screening and detection are necessary. This study performed the translation, crosscultural adaptation and validation for the Brazilian population of the screening tool “Fibromyalgia Rapid Screening Tool” (FiRST). Methods: The process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation was carried out in accordance with current guidelines and applied to 20 people with fibromyalgia in a pre-test phase so that it could later be used to validate the final version. After that, a total sample of 483 people who were selected according to the inclusion criteria responded to the instruments: final version of the FiRST, Numerical Scale for pain and fatigue intensity, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised (FIQ-R). The instrument’s validity was based on the comparison whit the ACR 2016 diagnostic criterion, using the properties of measures that included cross-cultural adaptation, test-retest reability and criterion validity. Result: The final sample consisted of 483 participants (81,8% cases of fibromyalgia) separated into groups with and without fibromyalgia. For test-retest reliability, 39 people with fibromyalgia participated, included in the total sample of evaluation 1. The two groups differed on pain characteristics (intensity, severity, impact), as well as on the domains of function, global impact and FS related symptoms. FiRST was able to discriminate patients with and without fibromyalgia. Criterion validity was acceptable as the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.819 (95% confidence interval = 75 to 88%; SE: 0.033, p<0.001), with a cutoff ≥ 5, the instrument showed 92.3% sensitivity and 61.6% specificity. Test-retest reliability was adequate with an ICC of 0.593 with a standard error of measurement (SEM) of 0.54 and least detectable change (SDC) of 0.24. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the FiRST is a valid and reliable rapid screening tool for identifying patients with fibromyalgia for clinical or research use.
Sistemas energéticos residenciais: avaliação do cenário atual brasileiro e alternativas para autogeração sustentável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-04) Matheus, Ana Flávia Teixeira; Dupas, Francisco Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5421344818132855; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7870211795396883
From the analysis of the current landscape of the country's residential energy systems and estimates of the potential for self-production of Brazilian residences, this work proposed solutions for environmental and energy security issues in the country. This dissertation is divided into four chapters, the first being introductory, the second consisting of a literature review - which goes through the concepts of energy planning, incentive programs and legislation on the subject, distributed generation and the technologies available for the self-production of residential energy - the third, an article - in which estimates of theoretical potentials for energy use in the Brazilian residential sector are made - and finally, the fourth chapter of final considerations. Photovoltaic electricity self-production combined - or not- with solar water heating systems in Brazilian houses have a potential for reducing 7% of national electric consumption, while the use of biogas for domestic cooking without collecting domestic sewage can reduce by 4% consumption of Brazilian GLP and resolve sanitation issues for up to 32% of the population. The research is therefore in the theme of energy sustainability and represents an initial effort to draw attention to the possibility of energy re-planning from residential self-production, pointing out possible paths for the public power to foster, with incentives and investments, significant solutions for energy and environment sectors. In the end, some reflections about the contributions and limitations of the work raise questions that can be continued and deepened by future research.
Biossensor eletroquímico para detecção de vesículas extracelulares pequenas provenientes de câncer de mama
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-04) Gusson, Beatriz; Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977; Nascimento, Isabella Sampaio do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8257371551653352; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0221315353306886
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the disordered proliferation of cells, which can invade other organs and tissues. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common disease in women worldwide, with more than 2 million cases and 685,000 deaths from the disease in 2020. Diagnosis at an early stage of the disease is a crucial factor to increase the chances of breast cancer patient survival. Currently, diagnosis is performed by mammography and tissue biopsy. However, these methods require laboratory infrastructure and specialized human resources, making the process expensive and time-consuming. For this reason, new biomarkers are being investigated for the diagnosis of the disease, such as the Del-1 protein present in small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) from breast tumor cells. In this project, a system for the detection of SEVs is proposed for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Gold electrodes were modified with antibodies against the CD63 protein, present in general SEVs, to capture them. A second step consists of functionalizing gold nanoparticles (AuNps) with anti-Del1 antibodies, used for labeling SEVs from cancer cells. The steps were monitored by electrochemical impedance technique. Breast and lung cancer cells were cultured; their SEVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation and quantified by NTA. It was aimed to obtain a system capable of detecting CM in a non-invasive and point-of-care way through a sensitive, fast, and low-cost immunosensor. However, none of the different strategies used was able to detect the SEVs. This work contributes to a new questioning about the cellular location of the Del-1 biomarker and points out analyzes that are still necessary for this protein to be explored for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Disfunção endotelial no acidente vascular cerebral (AVC): relações com a lateralidade do AVC e o desempenho cardiorrespiratório durante o caminhar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-04) Ribeiro, Jean Alex Matos; Di Thommazo-Luporini, Luciana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3990285037066747; Russo, Thiago Luiz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0535260649995438
Most individuals who have suffered a stroke have endothelial dysfunction, regardless of age, sex, stage of stroke (acute, subacute or chronic) and cardiovascular risk factors. Since the endothelium participates in the cardiovascular oxygen transport system by helping in the speed of energy production during the performance (mean response time of oxygen uptake on-kinetics, MRTON) and recovery of a physical activity (mean response time of oxygen uptake off-kinetics, MRTOFF), this endothelial dysfunction may be related to a worse cardiorespiratory performance in everyday tasks, such as walking, in post-stroke individuals, especially those with right hemisphere brain damage. There is evidence of a reciprocal influence between sympathetic activation and endothelial function, which helps to explain the direct relationship between sympathetic hyperactivity and endothelial dysfunction in some populations. Thus, the severity of endothelial dysfunction among post-stroke individuals may be related to the side of brain damage, since studies indicate greater sympathetic hyperactivity among those who have right hemisphere brain damage when compared with those who have left hemisphere brain damage. Therefore, this thesis includes new scientific evidence relevant for the field of Neurofunctional Physical Therapy, in which we sought to understand the relationships between endothelial dysfunction and laterality of brain damage and cardiorespiratory performance during walking among post-stroke individuals. Both studies were observational cross-sectional. Endothelial function was measured by flow-mediated dilation technique derived from the brachial artery (FMDBA) using ultrasound. Oxygen uptake during the xix-minute walk test (6MWT) was collected using a portable ergospirometer and a monoexponential adjustment was performed to obtain the MRTON and MRTOFF, being later corrected by the work rate during the 6MWT (wMRTON and wMRTOFF, respectively). For statistical analysis, Student’s t test (t) or Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used. The first study (Manuscript 1) aimed to examine whether endothelial dysfunction differs among post-stroke individuals according to the side of brain damage (right-sided stroke versus left-sided stroke). Thirty chronic post-stroke individuals were analyzed [right-sided stroke (n = 16; mean age = 58±8 years old; male = 81%); left-sided stroke (n =14; mean age = 62±9 years old; male = 50%)]. On average, individuals with right-sided stroke had lower FMDBA compared to those with left-sided stroke. This difference (FMDBA = 2.51%) was statistically significant (t[28] = 2.185, p = 0.037), and it represented a medium effect size (r = 0.38). In conclusion, the findings of the first study indicate that individuals with right-sided stroke have greater endothelial dysfunction, making them more susceptible to cardiovascular events. The second study (Manuscript 2) aimed to examine whether endothelial dysfunction is related to cardiorespiratory performance (wMRTON and/or wMRTOFF) during walking. Twenty-two chronic post-stroke individuals were analyzed (mean age = 61±9 years old; male = 64%). No relationship was observed between FMDBA and cardiorespiratory performance during [wMRTON (rs = -0.23, p = 0.31)] and after the 6MWT [wMRTOFF (rs = -0.18, p = 0.43)]. Thus, we conclude that cardiorespiratory performance during walking is not related to endothelial dysfunction in chronic post-stroke individuals.
Caracterização das Metaloproteinases de Matriz- 2 e -9 circulantes com o nível de atividade física e os efeitos do treino aeróbio em indivíduos pós-acidente vascular cerebral em fase crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-07) Garcia-Salazar, Luisa Fernanda; Pereira, Natalia Duarte; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408152349657748; Russo, Thiago Luiz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5857467388927483
High concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and -9 (MMP-9) are associated with inflammation shortly after stroke and functional prognosis. It is proposed that during the chronic phase, post-stroke individuals exhibit a systemic inflammatory state that may be related to comorbidities. On the other hand, the muscular characteristics of this population are associated with the release of some cytokines that may enhance systemic inflammation, such as interleukin-6 and -10. The inclusion of aerobic exercises (AE) in the rehabilitation programs of these individuals has been suggested as an important strategy for recovery. AE improves mobility, cardiopulmonary conditions, cognition, regulates cardiovascular risk factors in these individuals, and has been associated with neuroplasticity, therefore motor recovery due to the increased concentration of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) mediated by the myokine Irisin. In this context, two studies were developed in this thesis, the first one aimed to quantify the serum activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in chronic post-stroke individuals and correlate these gelatinases with variables of physical activity level, body composition, functional capacity, and walking test, as well as with metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. In addition, the activity of these gelatinases was characterized according to the motor impairment of these individuals. The second study, evaluated the changes in gelatinases activity in serum samples from chronic post-stroke subjects who received an intervention protocol for two-week, consisting of one session of high-intensity interval EA before the modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT). We also correlated the gelatinases with BDNF and Irisin concentrations, and with changes in manual dexterity and functional capacity. It was demonstrated with these studies that chronic post-stroke individuals have increased MMP-9 activity when compared to healthy individuals. Positive correlations were observed with time and steps at low cadence and negative correlations with medium cadence and peak activity index. According to motor impairment, MMP-2 activity is increased in the mild-moderate group compared to the control group. Furthermore, it was observed that the intervention protocol with the inclusion of AE, produces an acute response in MMP-9 increasing its activity. This increase was not correlated with manual dexterity nor with the functional capacity of these individuals, and there was also no relationship with BDNF and Irisin concentration. In conclusion, chronic post-stroke individuals present altered MMP-2 and -9 activity indicating a possible systemic inflammation, associated with the cardiovascular conditions of these individuals. In addition to showing, before an acute intervention, an increase in MMP-9 activity indicates a possible adaptive process prior to the modifications of vessels and muscle tissue to the AE. For long-term modifications in cardiovascular and/or muscular conditions, a change in the physical activity level of these individuals or the execution of longer duration intervention programs would be necessary.
Avaliação do presenteísmo em mulheres com e sem dismenorreia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-07) Godoy, Amanda Garcia de; Avila, Mariana Arias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5905617922199364; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2779049250342505
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate presenteeism due to dysmenorrhea in adult women. Methods: Our primary endpoints were presenteeism, assessed with the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 (SPS-6), and dysmenorrhea-related pain intensity was assessed with the Numerical Pain Scale. Our secondary outcome was absenteeism due to dysmenorrhea in the last three months. The collection was carried out online with adult women. For statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman correlation, chi-square tests and binary logistic regression with backward insertion method were used. A p<0.05 was considered for significance. Results: A total of 408 women were included in the analysis, of which 228 reported menstrual cramps. Of the women who reported dysmenorrhea, 58.3% also reported presenteeism due to the condition (p<0.001). There was a negative correlation between the SPS-6 score and the intensity of pain related to dysmenorrhea. The score of the SPS-6 avoid distraction subdimension showed a moderate negative correlation with the intensity of pain related to dysmenorrhea, and the finish work subdomain showed a weak negative correlation with the same variable. Higher pain intensity and practice of absenteeism in the last three months increase the chances of presenteeism (0.73 and 0.58 times, respectively). We found a moderate negative correlation between the SPS-6 score and absenteeism. Conclusion: The occurrence of presenteeism was higher in women with dysmenorrhea, and presenteeism is higher according to the intensity of perceived pain related to dysmenorrhea. Greater pain intensity related to dysmenorrhea and absenteeism in the last three months increase the chances of presenteeism among women with dysmenorrhea.
Perfil funcional e repertório ocupacional de crianças típicas e crianças diagnosticadas com transtorno do espectro autista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-07) Faustino, Gabriela Fernanda; Figueiredo, Mirela de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660487766535040; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1258168914802546
As in other life cycles, childhood is also characterized by specific occupations. It is through the performance of occupations that children constitute their occupational repertoire. Considering that delays or functional losses are factors that can hinder the performance of an occupation, neurodevelopmental disorders influence the composition of the occupational repertoire to the extent that they interfere with functionality. Although Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder today, there are no studies in Brazil on the development of the occupational repertoire of this population. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the functional profile and occupational repertoire of children between 2 and 12 years of age, both with typical development and diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the following instruments: Pediatric Disability Assessment Inventory - Testing Adaptive Computing (PEDI-CAT) and Occupational Repertoire Development Measure – Parent (ORDM-P). This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 40 mothers of children between 2 and 12 years of age, from and residing in the state of São Paulo. Of these, 20 were mothers of typically developing children, and 20 were mothers of children diagnosed with ASD. The children were evaluated using the PEDI-CAT to identify their functional profile and the ORDM-P to characterize their occupational repertoire. As for the functional profile of children with typical development, the results obtained by the PEDI-CAT, indicated that of the 20 children who composed the Typical Group, all obtained normative scores within a normal range for their age group in the four areas evaluated by the instrument. In contrast, in the ASD Group, 10 of the 20 children had normative scores below expectations in at least one of the areas. The development of the occupational repertoire of children in the Typical Group showed similarities in the composition and acquisition of activities according to age groups, varying in relation to the predominance of some occupations in the children's repertoire. In the ASD Group, however, no similarity was observed in relation to the composition and acquisition of occupations in the repertoire considering the age of the children. The study made it possible to infer that functional impairment in some areas of development does not prevent children from engaging and participating in meaningful occupations.
A interdisciplinaridade entre as disciplinas de física e matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-08) Ricardo, Marcos Antônio; Massago, Sadao; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1915704875970931; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9894842624880217
The objective of the work was to analyze how the interdisciplinarity between the disciplines of Physics and Mathematics can help in the resolution of activities with students of the 9th year of Elementary School. Regarding the methodology, a literature review and field research were carried out. The activities were applied in the classroom at a municipal school located in the city of São Paulo. After conducting classes that addressed the initial concepts of scalar kinematics and Newton's Laws, activities on scalar kinematics and Newton's Laws were proposed to 10 9th grade students. After the application of the activities, it was observed that many students, even though they knew the formulas to be used for the development of the problems, ended up making them wrong, because they were not able to proceed with the development of mathematical calculation. It is concluded that it is recommended to have more interdisciplinary activities.
O curso de licenciatura em pedagogia EaD da Universidade Federal de São Carlos: reflexões sobre o currículo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-09) Fonseca, Ione Barbosa; Lima, Paulo Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9916161345486098
The objective of this work was to discuss the curriculum of the degree course in EaD pedagogy at the Federal University of São Carlos in the light of National Curriculum Guidelines and data contained in studies selected in the State of Knowledge on the theme of distance education. In that case, they are axes of reflection: a) advances in the EaD area for the formation of pedagogues, b) permanence and c) ruptures in relation to the curriculum. The methodology used in this work focused on the qualitative approach, based on a bibliographic survey on the subject, analysis of the legislation on the regulation of the distance modality in the country, from the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education-LDBEN to the implementation of courses of teacher training in the distance education modality in the early 2000s. The scope of the research focuses, from the specialized literature, on the discussion between points and counterpoints of the social and educational arrangements that cross-cut public policies regarding the training of the pedagogue by Distance Education and how these influence the construction of the curriculum and its actions. This research is characterized in the axis of the State of Knowledge Type, in a limited time frame, from 2000 to 2020, the routing of this work is based on the data provided by the selected studies in order to emphasize the advances and permanencies that configure the course’s curricular structure degree in EaD for the training of basic education teachers, the pedagogue, are the object of this temporal axis, as well as the location of ruptures amidst the counterpoints, delimiting the legal arrangements or milestones for the provision of Ead for the formation of the pedagogue and 2020 as upper axis that states the emphasis on training, after the promulgation of the New DCNs for the training of pedagogues and its influence or not in the distance education modality. The research showed that distance education, through the public university, teachers and tutors can be configured as a significant dimension by favoring the construction of learning communities, whether in the virtual classroom or in the training of trainers. that contribute to the initial training of teachers and keep the debate on the construction of the curriculum for distance education on the agenda for society and government.
SBIdC-MPH: sistema baseado em internet das coisas para o monitoramento de pacientes com hipertensão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-09) Rodrigues, Rônitti Juner da Silva; Souza, Wanderley Lopes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6115487543956750
Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are one of the greatest challenges in Health, mainly due to their magnitude and their high social cost. The four main groups of NCDs, cardiovascular diseases, Cancer, Diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, cause about 70% of deaths in the world, leading to the death of around 41 million people each year. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death, accounting for about 17.9 million people annually, of which 9.4 million are due to Hypertension. To prevent and control NCDs, it is necessary to promote a change in habits and provide comprehensive health care for the patient. The technologies of Ubiquitous Computing, Pervasive Computing and, more recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) enable the development of systems for remote and real-time monitoring of patients affected with certain NCDs, such as Hypertension, Diabetes, Asthma and Obesity. In this sense, the System Based on Internet of Things for Monitoring Patients with Hypertension (SBIdC-MPH) was developed, which allows for capturing the patient's vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature, via a network of built-in sensors to a wearable device similar to a wristwatch. These signals are transmitted to the patient's mobile device for processing, and the clinical data generated are sent to a computational cloud. These data, in turn, are treated in the cloud with a view to presenting them, through tables and graphics, to the health professional responsible for the patient. The SBIdC-MPH also allows the generation of alert signals, which are sent to the patient, the health professional, or even to people designated by the patient, whenever critical situations are detected.
Música e vida: olhares sensíveis de jovens estudantes de instrumentos musicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-10) Pires, Jorge César de Araujo; Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7919070291982987
We believe it is possible to teach a musical instrument aimed at human formation, to make instrumentalists more critical, sensitive and amorous people aware of their human role in society. In this research, the learning of the musical instrument is understood as a social practice and music as a language and a form of artistic expression. As an educational process, learning a musical instrument can be a practice full of oppressive relationships, power disputes and colonialities. On the other hand, it can also be a coexistence with availability, with respect for learning, with understanding and appreciation of the other's knowledge, attitudes and worldviews. It can be an educational process inserted in social practices that consider each person as an active participant in the process, understanding the involvement of all subjects in the construction of knowledge. The aim of this study was to understand the perceptions of students about the human relationships that are established from the learning of musical instruments. The 6 research participants were, at the time of the study, aged between 15 and 17 years and lived in two different regions of our country: South and Southeast. We started from preliminary questions that later generated a research question. The first questions were: are these students interested in the general formation of the human being when learning a musical instrument? Are students, when looking for musical instrument classes, interested in other elements besides instrumental technique? How do students perceive interactions with teachers and the development of sensitivity, creativity, expression and affection? From these three questions, we arrived at a research question: What elements of human and musical development do students perceive when participating in the educational process of learning musical instruments? The qualitative research began in 2018 with theoretical studies, but data collection took place in the midst of the Covid 19 pandemic, in 2020. An online questionnaire was carried out as the first contact with the participants and later individual conversations were held and a virtual conversation circle. From the transcripts of the conversations, in the analysis of the data, two thematic units emerged: elements of human development and elements of musical development. From these elements, we can see the perceptions that the students participating in the research have of their learning as an instrumentalist and also as a human person. It was possible to perceive that the practice and learning of a musical instrument promoted the awareness of the students participating in the research on issues related to motivation, affection, relationship, sensitivity and subsistence. It was also possible to perceive how the practice and learning of a musical instrument is influenced and can influence the social context of those who practice it and their families.
Identificação de ligantes e substratos do complexo E3 ubiquitina-ligase SCF(FBXL17)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-10) Passos, Patrícia Maria Siqueira dos; Teixeira, Felipe Roberti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3568850159381693; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2396407697900589
Fbxl17 is one of the 69 F-box (Fbx) proteins in humans capable of interaction with SKP1, Cullin 1 and Rbx1 to form the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex SCF(Fbxl17). The SCF(Fbxl17) complex is the major class of human E3 ubiquitin-ligases and acts ubiquitylating its substrates leading them either to proteasome degradation or function modulation. The Fbxls proteins have a F-box domain that interacts with SKP1 and a LRR domain (Leucine Rich Repeat domain) for substrate interaction. This LRR domain gives specificity to the SCF(Fbxl17) complex. In the METABRIC project (Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium) mutations in FBXL17 were found leading to depletion in the LRR domain of Fbxl17 protein. Those mutations were identified in 135 out of 1992 patient’s samples. Moreover, it was performed a CGH-array (Comparative Genomic Hybridization) of 746 cancer cell lines. As a result, they identified breaks in the FBXL17 gene in 3 cell lines of breast cancer (BT-474, HCC38 and HCC1395) and in 1 cell line of esophageal/gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (OE-19). Those breaks led to the generation of Fbxl17 protein with LRR domain truncation, among those mutants there is a protein entitled Fbxl17-Δ3LRR. Since there are no study relating Fbxl17 to tumorigenicity, we aimed to identify potential substrates for Fbxl17. It was performed an immunoprecipitation assay to purify SCF(Fbxl17), SCF(Fbxl17-Δ3LRR) and Fbxl17-ΔF-box from HEK293T cells. The eluates were submitted to a large-scale in vitro ubiquitination assay (Protoarray). We were able to identify 194 possible substrates positive for SCF(Fbxl17) excluding the ones that were detected in the Fbxl17-ΔF-box slide, and 92 targets that were positive only for SCF(Fbxl17) subtracting the ones that were positive for SCF(Fbxl17-Δ3LRR) and Fbxl17-ΔF-box. With those data, a functional enrichment analysis was performed using REACTOME and DAVID databases. The data showed most targets were related to RNA metabolism regulation and several of them were associated to splicing processing. Therefore, a functional assay was performed to evaluate whether Fbxl17 plays role in pre-mRNA splicing. It was used a splicing reporter minigene called E1A in two different cell lines (HEK293 and MCF7). Afterwards, several targets were selected to go through substrate validation analysis. After performing interaction and ubiquitylation assay in cell, it was observed that DDB1, SNRPB2, and SRS9 interact with Fbxl17. Moreover, among those binders our data indicate that DDB1 is ubiquitylated by SCF(Fbxl17) in cells. Hence, this study identified three new binders to Fbxl17 and one novel substrate. The functional characterization and the relationship of those binders to tumor development are going to be evaluated in subsequent study.
"Suburbanas, Irreverentes e Mana-moças": uma pesquisa sociológica sobre a prostituição feminina de rua em um bairro da elite moçambicana, na cidade de Maputo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-10) Muchanga, José Luís Magaço; Leite Júnior, Jorge; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8850182612566846
This research explored the phenomenon of female street prostitution in Maputo City. Problematizing the current framework of sociological productions referring to the matter of street prostitution in Mozambique, the objective of this work was to understand the social dynamics that circumscribe the occurrence and reproduction of the referred phenomenon, in a neighborhood of the Mozambican elite (Sommerschield), in a context of stigma relegate to the activity. Based on a qualitative research methodology, and the adoption of field research and post-colonial theories, the main results of this work pointed to the fact that female street prostitution occurs in the Sommerschield neighborhood thanks to direct or indirect consent given to street prostitutes, by residents and other important stakeholders in the neighborhood. In fact, the research sought to broaden the reflection on the subject in question here, in the Mozambican urban context, aiming at greater knowledge management about the ways of life, interfaces and conflicts arising from the activity, in a social context marked by relationships of social inequalities, but also by intense negotiations, creativity and resistence.
Financiamento climático: eficácia institucional do Fundo Nacional sobre Mudança do Clima do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-10) Lopes, Ariane Cristina Cordeiro Gazzi; Albuquerque, Andrei Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9667573506903226; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7520920430908906
There is consensus among climate researchers that global warming is caused by human actions, including population size, economic activity, lifestyle, energy use, land use patterns, technology and climate policy, and that continued greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could further increase the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere, with the possibility of severe and irreversible impacts for all beings. Aiming to stimulate resilience to climate change, public and private organizations have intensified climate mitigation and adaptation actions, creating policies and institutional arrangements to implement climate finance. To manage the flow of climate finance some countries have already created National Climate Funds (NCFs), responsible for channelling and coordinating the various sources of resources (national, private, bilateral, multilateral and donations) and priority actions. In 2009, the National Fund on Climate Change (FNMC) was created in Brazil as a climate finance intermediary, with the purpose of guaranteeing resources to support projects, studies and undertakings aimed at mitigating and adapting to climate change and its effects. Although research on climate change and climate finance has increased, especially in 2021, there are still few empirical studies documenting experiences with climate finance funds. In order to contribute to this gap, this research verifies the challenges for the institutional effectiveness of the FNMC, through the qualitative analysis of 80 documents, considering 21 indicators divided into 05 categories: Legal and Regulatory Framework; Resource Mobilization and Sustainability; Governance and Resource Allocation; Monitoring and Evaluation; and Accountability and Transparency. The results revealed that its institutional effectiveness is critical, since none of the categories meets 100% of its indicators, with Resource Mobilization and Sustainability being its weakest point. This research does not give a definitive answer on the institutional effectiveness of the FNMC, but provides a better view of the problems and facilities related to its organizational capacity.