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Adaptação e desempenho ocupacional das mães de crianças com deficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Roiz, Roberta Giampá; Figueiredo, Mirela de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660487766535040; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8420200274489945
The birth of a child awakens several feelings in family members such as joy, happiness and pride, being a moment of celebration. When this child is born with some kind of disability, unexpected demands may arise, making it necessary for family members to adapt to this new situation. A child with a disability may require special care and attention, usually demanded from mothers, making it essential to understand the processes and expectations in the face of something that was not planned, so that the mother can develop and to be adapted to the child. The demands required by disabilities can cause damage to the mothers occupational performance, considering that their routine will be linked to the child's. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the mother's adaptation process and whether there were interferences in occupational performance. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a quantitative-qualitative approach. The sample consisted of 31 children´s mothers with disabilities, including Autistic Spectrum Disorder, Down Syndrome and Cerebral Palsy. For data collection, the Parental Disability Adaptation Scale (PDAS), the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and a Form on Needs of Children’s Mothers with Disabilities prepared by the researcher were applicated. The data analysis was performed using PDAS and COPM own procedures, in addition by apllying the Mann-Whitney U Test for PDAS. The data from the Form on Needs for Children´s Mothers with Disabilities were computed individually and then compared to identify similarities between mothers. Among the results, it was found that out of the 30 mothers, 29 are adapted to their children and 1 is still in the process of development, it is because the diagnosis of disability was received just 4 months ago, at the time of the research. The influence of some factors showed a statistically significant difference in adaptation, specifically in the dimensions measured by PDAS. Among these factors, the type and time since of diagnosis, the children's age and the mother's type of work. As for the needs of mothers, it was observed that some obtained information about the disability, family members were important as an emotional and functional support, and the family financial issue was affected by the costs generated by the children's disability. Regarding the mothers' occupational performance, it was noted that some occupations performed before were no longer possible to do after the birth of the child, and some different occupations started to be performed to meet the demands of both mothers and children. It is concluded that as much as mothers are adapted to their children, their routine and occupations were impacted, denoting that changes in occupational performance accompany the process of personal development of these mothers combined with the type of environment in which they live and the existence of social support.
A política da polícia militar do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Macedo, Henrique de Linica dos Santos; Sinhoretto, Jacqueline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1292400536250492
This thesis aimed understand how the ways of doing politics of the Military Police of the State of São Paulo produced the hegemony of ostensive policing. It was questioned how the corporation relates to other institutions in the criminal justice system; what is their orientation for designing their action policies; how they have shaped their structure and organization over the last thirty years; and how internal relationships interfere with police action. To this end, decrees that deal with the structure of the institution were analyzed, and interviews were conducted with military police officers of different hierarchies. The main results indicate that the Military Police of São Paulo: ostensive policing holds the monopoly of public security in the state, its managers gain more "power" within the institutional design of the executive and the legislative that value a militarized strategy in public security; the institution has expanded its territorial units, mainly to attend to the most diverse functions; there is a hierarchical imbalance, in which the most numerous enlisted personnel monopolize operational services, and officers see themselves as administrative managers; new information technologies have been incorporated to support operational planning and supervision of street service.
Avaliação e tratamento da dor patelofemoral: uma análise de aspectos biomecânicos e psicológicos envolvidos nessa desordem musculoesquelética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Vasconcelos, Gabriela Souza de; Serrão, Fábio Viadanna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7544638133581172
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most common forms of knee pain and has a negative impact on physical activity level and quality of life of patients. People with PFP have decreased hip and knee muscle strength and power, kinematic changes during functional activities, and impairment of psychological aspects, such as high kinesiophobia. Although hip and knee muscle strengthening has been recognized as the treatment with the best level of evidence, it is not known whether the addition of power exercises to a muscle strengthening program would result in greater benefits than a strengthening program alone. Furthermore, the relationship between kinesiophobia and isometric hip and knee torque with hip and knee kinematics during a jump is unclear. Finally, although the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Global Rating of Change (GROC) are widely used in people with PFP to evaluate the effects of treatments, the available information does not allow the proper interpretation of the results in adolescents and adults with PFP. Because of this, this research was based on four studies. The first study is the randomized clinical trial protocol, which aimed to verify whether the benefits of a strength and power training program for hip and knee muscles are superior to those observed in a strength training program alone. People with PFP would be randomized into two intervention groups: Strength and Power Training Group (SPTG) and Strength Training Group (STG). Both groups would perform training sessions three times a week for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes were pain intensity (Numeric Pain Scale) and physical function (Anterior Knee Pain Scale), and secondary outcomes were kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia), quality of life (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score - KOOS, Quality of Life subscale), peak isometric torque and rate of torque development (RTD) of hip and knee muscles, and self-perception of improvement (Global Rating of Change). Statistical analysis would follow the principles of intention-to-treat. The second study presents the partial results of the randomized clinical trial, which aimed to verify if the benefits of a strength and power training program for hip and knee muscles are superior to those observed in a strength training program alone. To this purpose, 37 participants with PFP, of both sexes, were randomly assigned to two groups: SPTG (n=18) and STG (n=19). Primary outcomes (pain intensity and physical function) were measured at baseline, after 6 weeks, post-intervention and at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Secondary outcomes (kinesiophobia, quality of life, peak isometric torque) were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Self-perception of improvement was assessed only at post-intervention. The analysis showed that there was no significant difference between two groups for any of the outcomes assessed at any time point. Regarding the Global Rating of Change results, in the SPTG, 38.88% (n=7) of participants reported a successful in treatment (better or much better), while in the STG, 36.84% (n=7) reported a successful in treatment. The third study aimed to evaluate the relationship between kinesiophobia and hip and knee torque with hip and knee kinematics during single-leg drop vertical jump in women with PFP. Thirty women participated in the study and were assessed for kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia), peak isometric hip extensor, hip abductor, and knee extensor torque (isokinetic dynamometer), and peak hip adduction, hip internal rotation, and knee flexion (three-dimensional motion analysis system) during single-leg drop vertical jump. After a Pearson correlation analysis, weak correlations were found between increased kinesiophobia and increased peak hip internal rotation angle (r=0.43; p=0.018), as well as between greater peak knee extensor torque and greater peak knee flexion (r=0.41; p=0.022). There were no other correlations between the variables. The fourth study aimed to describe how change scores on the KOOS correspond to GROC levels in adolescents and adults with PFP. This was done using secondary data analysis from three clinical trials and involved four hundred and twenty-three adolescents and adults with PFP. Participants completed the KOOS (5 subscales) at baseline and 3-month follow-up, and the Global Rating of Change at 3-month follow-up. The Global Rating Change levels were combined into five categories: worse, no change, a bit better, better, and much better. Analysis was performed using the Receiver Operator Curve (ROC curve) and Predictive Modeling and Adjusted Modeling (logistic regression). It was found that participants who reported being "worse" had negative change scores on all 5 KOOS subscales (≤ -3); participants who reported being "no change" had change scores close to 0 (-8 - 4); and participants who reported being "a bit better" showed minimal change on the KOOS (1 - 13). In addition, participants who reported being "better" or "much better" had positive KOOS change scores (6 - 25 and ≥11, respectively).
Análise da eficiência energética em edificações usando os métodos RTQ-C e INI-C
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Andrade, Henrique José Caravita de; Moraes, Anderson Antônio Ubices de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5830481488032505; Nascimento, Claudionor Francisco do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7482480424827756; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6454878112048161
The urban development of the last decades has caused a considerable increase in the energy consumption of buildings, which increased the interest in improving the energy efficiency of buildings justifying the use of the National Energy Conservation Label (ENCE) for commercial, service and public buildings. The method of the Technical Regulation on the Quality of the Energy Efficiency Level of Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (RTQ-C) is used for the labeling process in the construction of new federal public buildings and in the retrofit of existing ones. The Inmetro Normative Instruction for the Energy Efficiency Level of Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (INI-C) aims to replace the RTQ-C method. In this sense, the present research aims to apply and compare the simulation methods for classification in terms of energy efficiency proposed by RTQ-C and INI-C in a building at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). To this end, the Energy Plus and SketchUP programs were used and the bioclimatic zoning in which the building is inserted, in addition to its constructive characteristics, were considered. The energy efficiency results according to the RTQ-C model classified the building at level "B", however the final classification was "C", because it didn’t meet some of its prerequisites. The INI-C model, on the other hand, classifies the building at level “B” and presents a 33.5% reduction in estimated energy consumption under current operating conditions. In conclusion, the simulation procedures of the INI-C methodology are, in general, simpler to be performed, as they require the creation of a smaller number of models than the RTQ-C methodology. In addition, the INI-C showed greater accuracy in the classification of the building, as it has pre-established parameters for all the variables necessary for the development of the models. However, it can be said that it is easier to obtain a better classification using the INI-C methodology compared to the RTQ-C methodology.
Intervenção psicossocial sobre violência de gênero com estudantes universitárias: estudo de viabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Dionísio, Maria Beatriz Reis; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9021929939090844
Gender violence has been a growing problem within Brazilian universities and still little studied in the country. However, it has been increasingly urgent to think about actions aimed at confronting this violence and combating gender inequalities in this scenario. Among the possible mechanisms for coping with violence, group context intervention for women who were exposed to violent situations stands out. This dissertation aimed to develop, conduct and evaluate the feasibility of a remote psychosocial intervention on gender violence with university students. To achieve the first objective, a review of the national and international literature on interventions on gender violence in the context of the university was carried out. Searches were carried out in the databases: Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed, and Web of Science from December 2020 and January 2021 and resulted in 524 articles, however only one article was considered eligible to be analyzed. The study aimed to examine the use of the Photovoice method as a therapeutic intervention with university women who were victims of sexual violence and who presented symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, obtaining promising results regarding the therapeutic effects of the method. The second study describes the remote intervention with the target population. Two students participated in the research, initially a synchronous interview was carried out with the researcher in which they answered the Questionnaire of Stressful Events, the Transversal Scale of Symptoms Level 1 Self-Applicable of the DSM-5 Adults, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - DERS, and the Questionnaire of Emotional Regulation as a pre-test and answered them again at the end of the intervention. Subsequently, 8 90-minute weekly synchronous meetings were held. The protocol used consisted of using psychoeducation on gender violence, working on the victims' self-knowledge/self-esteem, as well as the support network and, above all, emotional regulation. All meetings were recorded and later transcribed for analysis of the intervention process. To verify the rate of significant clinical change, the JT method was conducted. The results obtained indicated that there was a reliable positive change in the total score of the Difficulty in Emotional Regulation Scale that can be attributed to the intervention. The protocol used showed the potential to be rethought in its forms of application, however, despite the high acceptability and adherence of the participants, the intervention was not satisfactory in terms of other feasibility criteria, such as demand.
Método de dinâmicas efetivas aplicado na análise da interação qubit-qubit em dispositivos supercondutores: a interação qubit-qubit no contexto da computação quântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Oliveira, Estêvão Vilas Boas de; Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468078017281289
In this dissertation, we approach some aspects of quantum computing. At first, we detail the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm and show how to implement it in real IBM quantum computers, available free of charge via remote access on the IBM-Q Experience platform. From the implementation of this algorithm, it was possible to prove its advantage over its classical counterparts, i. e., that it is, in fact, possible to solve problems more efficiently (with fewer steps) when exploring quantum principles, such as superposition states and entangled states, in the computational processes. In the course of the work, we came across some issues that motivated us to develop the second part of our project, particularly the problem involving logical operations with many qubits (known as multi-qubit gates). Such gates can be decomposed into simpler one and two-qubit gates, however introducing much greater complexity to the algorithms. In this sense, we look for efficient ways to implement three-qubit logic gates in superconducting qubit systems. For this purpose, we use a technique to obtain effective Hamiltonians to derive the desired interactions, simplifying the analysis of the system. This approximate method was then confronted with numerical calculations using Hamiltonians without approximation, making it possible to verify the approximations' validity and prove the results obtained analytically. Then, we compare the times needed to implement simple operations, such as the transfer of an excitation (1 qubit of quantum information) between two qubits, both via the so-called "direct" interaction, in which an auxiliary qubit is a mediator of the effective interaction (without it being effectively populated) and via the so-called "indirect" interaction, since the exchange between the qubits requires the transfer of information to the auxiliary qubit during the process. Although the indirect case requires more steps (logic gates), it is more advantageous in terms of processing time. Finally, we analyze the fidelity of the logical operations taking into account the presence of errors (systematic and random) in the auxiliary qubit that mediates the interaction. In the presence of such errors, the exchange of quantum information via the direct process showed better fidelity. In this regime, because of the fewer intermediate steps using a qubit that has faults, it is not necessary to demand such precise control of the system parameters.
Monitorização da complacência intracraniana em pacientes com COVID-19: estudo observacional multicêntrico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Silveira, Ana Flávia; Russo, Thiago Luiz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5078047156161144
COVID-19 pandemic overloaded health system around the world due to high number of hospitalized patients. In many cases the disease severity can demand intensive unit care orothraqueal intubation included to maintain life. Neurological symptoms were reported in subjects with COVID-19, however, the physiopathology about how coronavírus infects the Nervous Central System (NCS) is not well established. Endothelium dysfunction is one pathway that can explain changes in Cerebrovascular Hemodynamic (CVH). The compensatory capacity to maintain intracranial volumes as result from pressure alteration is knowledge as Intracranial Compliance (ICC) and can help to understand the COVID-19 action on NCS. Thus the aim of this study is to characterize ICC in patients intubated and non-intubated with COVID-19. Methods: This is a multicenter observational study which enrolled intubated and non-intubated patients with COVID-19 within 14 days onset and until 72h from hospital admission. Two control groups were also monitored (one control under Orothraqueal Intubation [OTI] and other with healthy subjects). ICC monitoring was performed by Brain4Care’s non-invasive sensor, positioned on temporal bone. ICP wave morphology was evaluated using its 3 peaks: P1 (systolic pulse); P2 (vascular pulse) and P3 (aortic valve closure). In physiological conditions this relation is characterized by P1 > P2 > P3. The ICC monitoring occured once during 60 minutes. and we used P2/P1 and Time To Peak (TTP) ratio as outcome. An independent T test was used to compare COVID-19 OTI with COVID-19 non-OTI, COVID-19 OTI with control OTI and, COVID-19 non-OTI with healthy control group. Results: 78 subjects were enrolled in this study and divided in 4 groups: 1) COVID-19 OTI (n = 15); 2) COVID-19 non-OTI (n = 24); 3) OTI control (n = 15) and 4) healthy control (n = 24). The COVID-19 OTI showed to have a bigger average of P2/P1 ratio when it was compared to COVID-19 non-OTI and TTP ratio than OTI control group. Both non-intubated group had no difference between them. Conclusion: Individuals with COVID-19 under invasive mechanical ventilation appears to have an ICC impairment.
Avaliação da força de preensão manual: revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Basso, Fernanda Manenti; Gonzaga, Luana Aparecida Vieira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0722245980119266; Jamami, Maurício; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7410974921759397
Introduction: Demonstrate clinical testing and verify essential assessment tools for physical therapists. Hand grip strength (HGS) is a rapid method of measuring upper grip strength and is also used to assess global muscle strength. HGS is measured using dynamometers, the Jamar® hydraulic dynamometer being the most used and considered by the American Society of Hand Therapists (ASHT) as the “gold standard” for evaluation. Objective: To carry out a systematic review to identify gaps in the HGS assessment performed by portable means of manual dynamometers and interpretation of their results. Method: Studies published up to January 1981 were published from January 2021: they were based on a dynamometer of the keywords (Handgrip OR hand strength OR muscle strength OR dynamometer AND test hand Strength) in the databases: Pubmed, Embase Web of Science. Studies in Spanish and English that evaluated HGS were included. Results: 12,371 articles were identified, of which 252 were duplicates, of which 10,763 were excluded after reading the title and abstract, resulting in 1356 articles. Of these, 373 were excluded for not having access to the content. A total of 983 articles were selected for full reading, from which those that did not meet the eligibility criteria were excluded, resulting in 46 articles in the review. The age group ranged from 4 to 60 years in 69.56% of the articles and 60 years or over in 30.43% of the articles included. As for the dynamometer brand, 56.52% used the Jamar® brand and 43.47% used other dynamometer brands. The results indicate that there is great variability in the methods used in the evaluation of HGS and in the interpretation of its results, with 45.65% of the articles using HGS in order to assess the upper limbs, 10.86% sarcopenia; 2.17% nutritional status and 10.86% overall muscle strength. Conclusion: Despite the ASHT recommendations, there are still studies that do not follow them, which can generate bias in the performance of the test and in the interpretation of the results obtained, making it difficult to compare studies.
Epidemiologia das lesões e identificação do perfil de risco para entorses sem contato de joelho e tornozelo em atletas jovens de futebol masculino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Rapello, Fabricio; Serrão, Fábio Viadanna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433; Mendonça, Luciana De Michelis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2685852233471121; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4954810908716619
Objective: to verify the influence of age (and categories) on sports injuries risk and to investigate the interactions of risk factors associated with previous and new non-contact knee and ankle sprains in male youth soccer athletes. Methods: 644 male elite youth soccer athletes, from five categories: under-20 (U-20), under-17 (U-17), under-15 (U-15), under-13 (U-13) and under-11 (U-11) years-old of a club of the Brazilian First Division were followed during the 2017 and 2018 seasons, being divided into two groups: U-11 to U-15 and U-17 to U-20. The risk of sports injuries between age groups/categories and their epidemiology (mechanism, type of event, location, type of injury, clinical diagnosis, and severity) were evaluated. Then, 81 athletes were recruited in 2019 preseason and were assessed on clinical measurements: hip internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) range of motion (ROM), ankle dorsiflexion ROM, Landing Error Scoring System (LESS), modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), Single-Leg Hop Test (SLHT) and Side Hop Test (SHT). Previous injuries were assessed by a questionnaire and new injuries were diagnosed by an orthopedic physician and were followed up for 5 months during season. Classification and regressions tree (CART) analysis was used to determine clinical predction models. Results: Overall, in 2017 and 2018 season, U-17 to U-20 athletes had a higher injury risk than U-11 to U-15 (OR = 6.16 (95% CI = 4.32, 8.77). Specifically, U-17 to U-20 had a higher risk of suffering lower-limbs injuries (OR = 4.19 (CI 95% = 3.01, 5.85), with traumatic (OR = 3.27 (CI 95% = 2.03, 5.27) and non-contact mechanism (OR = 4.03 (CI 95% = 2.56, 6.36), with moderate (OR = 2.92 (CI 95% = 2.02, 4.24) or severe (OR = 2.69 (CI 95% = 1.79, 4.05) severity and also had a higher risk of sustained hamstring strains (OR = 3.06 (CI 95% = 1.15, 8.16), anterior-cruciate ligament (OR = 7.8 (CI 95% = 1.7,35,7)) and medial-collateral ligament ruptures (OR = 5,2 (CI 95% = 1.4,18.8), and lateral ankle sprains (OR = 2.65 (CI 95% = 1.41, 4.99) than U-11 to U-15. In 2019 preseason, 25 athletes (31%) had a previous non-contact knee and ankle sprains. CART identified 3 factors associated with previous injuries: anterior reach of mSEBT, SHT and hip ER ROM. The interations of mSEBT – anterior reach > 58.85%, SHT ≤ 7.42 sec. and hip ER ROM > 56.5o (prevalence risk: 3.11 (CI 95% = 1.83-5.29) best predicted an incresead likelihood of a previous injury. This CART model had 68% of sensitivity, 87.5% of specificity and a total accuracy of 81.5%. 15 athletes (18.5 %) sustained a new non-contact knee and ankle sprains. CART identified 4 risk factors associated with new injuries: LESS, posterolateral reach of mSEBT, SHT and hip IR ROM. The interactions of a LESS score ≤ 7.5, mSEBT – posterolateral reach > 103.25% and SHT > 7.41 sec. was best risk profile at predicting a higher likelihood of sustained new injuries (relative risk: 8.62 (CI 95% = 3.76-19.81). This CART model had 80% of sensitivity, 89.4% of specificity and a total accuracy of 87.5%. Conclusions: Athletes from U-17 to U-20 categories had a higher risk of suffering an injury, in lower-limbs, with traumatic and non-contact mechanism, with moderate and severe severity, and had a higher risk of hamstring strains, ACL and MCL ruptures and lateral ankle sprains than U-11 to U-15. For previous non-contact knee and ankle sprains, interactions between mSEBT anterior reach, SHT and hip ER ROM were indicated. For new non-contact knee and ankle sprains, LESS, mSEBT posterolateral reach, SHT and hip IR ROM interacted to identify athletes in risk.
Qualidade física de um latossolo vermelho sob diferentes coberturas em áreas de restauração do PNMCBio, Sorocaba/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Scaglianti, César Augusto da Costa; Tonello, Kelly Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638; Silva, Reginaldo Barbosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1040231842718937; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6839388036444743
For the soil to perform well its functions, it is necessary that his indicators stay within certain boundaries to performance well, regulate processes properly that depends on good water drainage and storing, air circulation and his structural functionality, necessary conditions for root growing, and give support to the plants. In another way, it must be recognized that soil functionalities, as well as its processes perform depends on the vegetal coverage kind and the associated management employed. This understanding is even more important in degraded areas which are passing through voluntary restoration process, where the lack of metrics and indicators, mainly for soil and water represent a challenge for researchers and protect areas managers. The goal of this research was to verify the impact that forest coverage has over physics and hydrological attributes in a Latossolo Vermelho (Oxisols), located at Parque Municipal Natural Corredores da Biodiversidade, a protected area in Sorocaba municipality. The research was conducted in a semideciduos forest in early secondary stage established in a meadow (VH), a semideciduos forest in early secondary stage established in a former eucalyptus commercial forest (ECP), a semideciduos forest in early secondary stage establish in a soil disposal area (BF), and a semideciduos forest in middle secondary stage (MTA). In each area it was aleatory set 03 parcels with 9 m2 which samples and field prospective essays in situ were carry out in 0 a 0,20 m e 0,20 a 0,40 m layers. The investigated attributes were composed by indicators (characteristics or properties) physical, hydrological and mechanical that are inherent to the soil as texture, and other properties that are dynamic and change in a shorter time scale according to disturbances caused by weather, soil management and vegetation considered in this study. Among the indicators there are those that are determinants of soil functioning: a) mass and volume relation soil constituents; b) soil structural stability; c) hydrological dynamics; d) soil organic matter. The research outputs show how strategic it is to define, study and investigate the physical-hydrological-mechanical soil attributes, relating them to soil chemical quality in order to figure out the impact of forest vegetation over soil structural functions in forest restoration areas. It is also possible to conclude that soil organic matter (SOM), has a positive impact over the soil structural functionality, although the indicators used in this research show, with the exception of MTA, the restoration strategies used to recover PNMCBio forest areas didn’t produce the improvement expected for the forest restoration or ecological forest process, regarding physical-structural quality of the Latossolo Vermelho.
Sexualidade de jovens-adultas/os com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Theodoro, Helen Cristiane da Silva; Costa, Carolina Severino Lopes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0303439637261272; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0154240998811428
Studies on sexuality have been intensified in recent decades. Even though it is considered a taboo topic, there is an understanding that sexuality is involved in all stages of development. However, much still needs to be clarified about this theme, especially when it comes to the sexuality of people with disabilities. In the case of visually impaired people, who, due to the lack of a sense of sight, may not have access to much information present in the environment, which can cause delays in psychosocial aspects of development, as well as in relation to the formation of social and sexual identities. Therefore, the general objective of the present research was to investigate the process of sexuality development of young-adults with visual impairment. The specific objectives are: a) to understand the formation of social and sexual identity in the process of developing sexuality; b) to understand the role of sex education in the formation of social and sexual identity; c) to analyze the influence of the Social Educational Skills of parents and/or guardians in the development of sexuality. Ten young adults with visual impairment participated in the research (six females and four males). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection was carried out through digital platforms. A semi-structured interview script was applied. It had 28 questions that addressed the following themes: sexuality and its concepts; identity and the construction of the “self”; sexual education – school and family practices. Ethical aspects were respected and the interviews lasted between 35 and 90 minutes. For data analysis, categories and subcategories were created, with the theme “sexuality” as the central axis. The results showed that the participants had a broad concept about sexuality, but more focused on issues related to the body, sex and relationships. When dealing with the development of social identity, it was possible to verify that the participants understood their disability at different times of development, depending on the environment and the resources offered to them. It was also possible to verify that the parents exerted a strong influence on the development of the participants' social identity, transmitting ethical and moral values that contributed to their formation. Regarding sexual identity, the participants reported that their parents did not exert any kind of influence. Regarding sex education, it was evident that those who studied in specialized schools received more detailed information that was contingent on their training needs (compared to their peers). Furthermore, more research would be needed that could offer subsidies for the teaching of topics related to the sexuality of people with visual impairment and that could contribute to their full development.
Avaliação da qualidade do sono, fadiga e saúde mental no período de pandemia da COVID-19 em mulheres brasileiras, com e sem doenças reumatológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Santos, Gabriel Bernardi dos; Serrão, Paula Regina Mendes da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2917658715637353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7157558238111259
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused several changes at the global level due to its consequent restrictions and the high level of stress caused by the fear of infection itself regarding the decrease in social interaction, with implications mainly for the most vulnerable population. Objectives: The objectives were: to evaluate women with and without rheumatological diseases during the pandemic period in Brazil, in relation to sleep quality, fatigue and mental health (anxiety, depression and anxiety and depression), to compare these two groups, to verify if between there are worse outcomes for women with rheumatologic diseases for a given group of diseases, and to seek associations between women without rheumatologic diseases, in relation to the evaluated outcomes, and to establish what would be the factors that lead to a worsening of these. Methods: Brazilian women participated in this study with and without rheumatologic diseases, aged 18 to 65 years, evaluated through the questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Fatigue Severity Scale and Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale. The group of women without diseases underwent a second evaluation. Data were presented descriptively, and the groups were compared using the chi-square test for categorical variables and the Mann Whitney test for quantitative variables. In the group of healthy women, the comparison between the two evaluation moments was performed using the McNemar test. A logistic regression was performed to search for possible associations between the variables (α ≤ 0.05). Results: The group of women with rheumatologic diseases showed a worsening in the quality of sleep, fatigue and mental health when compared to women without diseases (p<0.01). Among the group of women with rheumatologic diseases, fibromyalgia had one for all outcomes (p<0.01). For healthy women, there was a significant increase between the two collection times for the fatigue variable (p ≤ 0.05). In the first assessment, depression (OR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.14-4.99), anxiety (OR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.37-5.22) and sleep quality (OR: 4.01; 95% CI: 1.71-9.67) were associated with fatigue, and in the second, depression (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.19-7.18) and anxiety (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.19-7.18): 2.69; 95% CI: 1.27-5.71). Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, women with rheumatological diseases experienced a worse quality of sleep, fatigue and aspects of mental health when compared to women without rheumatological diseases and among those with some disease, women with fibromyalgia are the most affected in all respects in the period evaluated. In addition, it is concluded that a high rate of women is experiencing an impact on biopsychosocial aspects during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some of these worsening, such as fatigue symptoms, which were associated with depression, anxiety, and worse quality of life. of sleep in the first year of the pandemic, remaining associated with depression and anxiety in the second year of the pandemic in the country.
Estudo da influência do ângulo de hélice em brocas de metal duro na furação de alumínio aeronáutico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Buzinari, Ricardo Aparecido; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523; Barbosa, Gustavo Franco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4027686840017498; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6714171313542759
The use in machining aluminum alloys offers many advantages: high cutting speed, low cutting forces, minimal tool wear and relatively low machining temperature. When machining aluminum alloys, it is always advisable to use tools with geometric configurations specifically designed for this application. With the tool properly configured, we were able to obtain a final hole within the tolerance, finish, and cylindricity required by the machined product. According to such purposes, studies aimed at the application of appropriate propeller angles and associated with coherent cutting parameters for machining aluminum, are necessary to obtain a hole with the proper quality required by the product or process. Thus, in this work, a study was carried out on the variation of propeller angles of 20º, 30º and 40º associated with variations in the cutting speed and feed parameters in the machining of 7475 aeronautical aluminum specimens, a material that is most used in production processes of the aerospace industry. In order to obtain the results, the specimens were duly monitored and monitored hole by hole, with the aforementioned variations for the proper collection of data in relation to the change in the helix angle and cutting parameters, where the variation of vibration can also be observed. of the applied workpiece and tool set. The results indicated that the holes obtained with the angles of 20° and 40° presented variations in the values of their diameters that are not admissible in the aeronautical sector, due to the quality requirements that aim to promote the safety of the manufactured aircraft. The 30° angle proved to be the most suitable for the drilling operation, as it provided greater dimensional control of the holes and absence of burrs in the machining, which contributes to a good internal finish of the holes.
Projeto terapêutico singular em saúde mental: contribuições da terapia ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Colato, Erika Regina de Oliveira; Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8121264125922144; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0737123113483328
The Singular Therapeutic Project (in Portuguese "Projeto Terapêutico Singular", PTS) presents itself as an instrument that organizes care, considering the uniqueness of the person in their life context. Psychosocial Rehabilitation encompasses the person with psychological distress, a social support network and family members, in a proposal of shared, negotiated care, seeking autonomy, protagonism and social inclusion. Occupational Therapy as one of the professions that are part of the interdisciplinary team of mental health services is shown as a powerful category for strengthening the users' Singular Therapeutic Project. Thus, it is essential to investigate the contributions of Occupational Therapy in the construction and conduction of the Singular Therapeutic Project. The objective of this research was to analyze how Occupational Therapy contributed to the construction of PTS in CAPS (Psychosocial Care Center, in Portuguese "Centro de Atenção Psicossocial"). This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, in which 21 occupational therapists from CAPS from 5 cities belonging to the Regional Department of Health VII, in the region of Campinas - SP participated. The data acquisition was conducted through a protocol of professional and service information and an interview script, remotely, through the Google Meet application. The analysis of data from the protocol was performed in a descriptive way and those from the interview were analyzed through thematic analysis. From the findings, it was possible to characterize the participants and the services. Most of them are female, white skin, aged between 26 and 46 years old, graduated from private universities, with complementary training in mental health and have been working in the current service between 1 year and 2 months and 14 years; As for the services, different CAPS modalities were part os the study. Through thematic analysis, it was possible to identify the following categories: Professionals understanding of PTS; Composition of the Family and users in the PTS; Team of professionals that make up the PTS; The professional`s perception of what a successful PTS would be; Challenges in the construction and conduction of the PTS and the Occupational Therapy core. The results explained the perception and characterization of PTS consistent with the proposals for the use of this instrument in the Psychosocial Rehabilitation. However, prioritizing its construction for the person and not groups or collectives of people. The families and users are considered important actors in the composition of the PTS although family members are characterized as not very participative and users, despite the appreciation of their protagonism, may not be present in some practical actions in the service. The ideal professional was appointed as the closest person to the user and the greatest articulator of the PTS. The biggest challenge for the construction and management of the PTS at that time was the COVID -19 pandemic, although other challenges, related to social vulnerability and stigmatization of people in psychological distress or even difficulties that already exist in the work dynamics have also been evidenced. The interdisciplinary aspect was highlighted by the participants. The Occupational Therapy was presented in two dimensions, clinical and methodological pointed out as a powerful and creative profession that, through its understanding of the activities and daily life of people in psychological distress, can contribute in a very significant way to the construction and conduct of PTS. We believe that this research presents important contributions to the debate that became heated around the field of Psychosocial Care, as well as Occupational Therapy practices in mental health.
Previsão do crescimento de grão por elementos finitos a partir da recristalização dinâmica em um processo de laminação a quente de liga de aço SAE 4140
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Durello, Henrique Augusto Camargo; Evangelista, Sérgio Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1610397432103491; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9012034137088523
In the present study, we analyzed the influence of the parameters relevant to the Avrami model to describe the dynamic recrystallization kinetics and the final size of the recrystallized grains, in addition to their distribution on a hot-rolled plate of steel alloy SAE 4140. is analyzed by Finite Elements (EF) in the commercial program DEFORM 3D for the purpose of determining the stress, strain and temperature fields. Avrami's model is post-processed from the EF results, together with material-specific data and general numerical modeling aspects taken as a reference from what is obtained in the literature. The study is applied to only one lamination step, aiming to reduce manufacturing time and costs. Some representative points of the plate were chosen for the purpose of the analyses. Discussions based on the Fe-C alloy phase diagram and TTT diagram (time, temperature and transformation) were presented in order to provide an interpretation of the EF model related to dynamic recrystallization effects. For the conditions studied, the grains showed final sizes after recrystallization in the order of 2.55 to 36.5 μm with changes in variables. After 15 seconds of rolling simulation, the influence of the initial temperature of the sheet indicated an increase in the recrystallized grain size, but in the case of sheet cooling (convective coefficient) this final grain size was approximately constant. With the reduction in thickness and increase in the deformation rate of the plate, a reduction in the recrystallized grain size was observed. Guidance was presented on the conditions that provide an increase in grain size at the end of dynamic recrystallization. Conversely, it is possible to extract from this practical guideline for the minimization of grain size in the process. The results presented lack a greater experimental basis, which opens the possibility of forming a wide collection of data from the studied process and that serve as a basis for mathematical adjustments to automatic algorithms that can be used in an agile way on the factory floor.
Aplicação de redes neurais artificiais no sinal FBRM para monitorar a cristalização de Paracetamol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Leite, Lucas Campana; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3754257033455092
Obtaining high added value products in the chemical industry is directly related to separation operations carried out to achieve the specifications required by regulatory agencies. The crystallization, one of the most used separation processes, has its performance directly related to the control of properties such as kinetics, particle size distribution (PSD), shape and polymorphy. Therefore, the Food and Drug Administration (USA), through the Process Analytical Technologies (PAT) Guide, prioritize the small-scale development of online and in-line techniques to obtain real time data, aiming to reach process optimization, control and scalability. In this context, this work proposes the application of the FBRM equipment, considering the high amount of measured data in real time, the capability to obtain reliable primary data of chord length distribution (CLD) and the fact that the technique avoids external disturbances. However, CLD cannot be converted directly to PSD. Recent works suggest that artificial neural networks (ANN) can be used to solve this problem, although they present performance problems with different morphologies and network optimization. In this work, ANN were trained using different training methods (Levenberg-Marquardt, Bayesian Regularization and Scaled Conjugate Gradient) and tested to ensure the non-occurrence of overffiting and overtraining to obtaining optimized networks. A melhor rede foi escolhida para a sequência do trabalho, apresentando desvio máximo de 15% em relação a DTC obtida em Malvern. Subsequently, monitoring tests and external experiments were carried out to ensure the reliability of the following test: the monitoring of an isothermal test. Hence, four crystallization assays (A, B, C and D), which differ in terms of the number of crystal counts, average growth rate, DTC, DCC, supersaturation over time, were monitored through the best ANN obtained. The ANN precision also allows to predict experiment’s kinetic parameters through Moments Method and to make inferences about the process, being compared with documented experiments. Thereby, the nucleation kinetic parameters (n from 1,15 to 2,05 and ln(kn) from 25,50 to 28,89) and the growth kinetic parameters (g from 1,6 to 2,00 and ln(kg) from -8,55 to -12,22) were obtained, approaching experiments described by other authors under similar conditions.
Fome: Da exclusão social às exigências curriculares para o ensino de Ciências da Natureza.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Santos, Paula Rodrigues de Oliveira; Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5024912968601524
Hunger is a social problem derived from the way in which the capitalist economic system is articulated, to privilege the interests of large corporations, therefore, privileging the ruling class - through the accumulation of income, overexploitation of workers and natural resources, as well as the precariousness of labor relations, among others –. However, to maintain this hegemony, many behaviors are taken by the repressive forces of the State, as well as by the ideological forces that understand the level of consciousness, using education as one of their "tools", specifically banking education in which the student, who is considered passive in the educational process, receives deposits and impositions; the educator sometimes becomes a mere executor of pre-established documents. Education from the Freirean perspective seeks to overcome the oppressor-oppressed relationship, aiming for a fairer, more democratic, and egalitarian society. Therefore, it is based on a methodology that seeks limit situations and meaningful speeches, in which social contradictions can be identified from which the generating themes are extracted by an interdisciplinary team and the contents that show the relationship between local reality are sought, micro and macrosocial, overcoming fragmentation towards totality. Therefore, this dissertation has as a research problem to investigate in what perspective the hunger theme has been worked on in Paulista Curriculums and in textbooks proposed for 2020 by different publishers, focusing on the teaching of Science and Biology, verifying whether they promote a fatalistic view or an understanding of the totality, as well as how the Freirean pedagogy contributes to the understanding of the theme. As a general objective, we sought to identify how the hunger theme is addressed in the different materials already mentioned, as well as to understand the perspectives of educators and students on the theme and what the possible contributions of the Freirean perspective to approach the theme. As specific objectives, we sought to identify, describe, and analyze how the topic is approached, as well as identify and describe how educators and students assess it and, finally, propose suggestions based on the Freirean perspective. The main references used were Freire (1987); Freire (1996); Silva (2004); Ziegler (2013) and Vasconcelos (2005). Qualitative research was used, and the research technique used was semi-structured interviews and document analysis, based on dialectical historical materialism and critical discourse analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001), focusing on three main Freirean categories: authentic praxis, politics, and historicity. The results show that, covered by supposedly democratic discourses, the Curriculum imposes “skills and competences” established by specialists, and the teaching materials accompany them as it is a prerequisite for selection. The documents do not meet the selected categories, there is still a perpetuation of the order and interests of capital, in which hunger is treated superficially, which makes awareness unfeasible, consequently the struggle for social transformation, as well as in the speech of educators and students, potential limit situations were identified to work on hunger as a generative theme.
Reação de redução de compostos nitrogenados: de aspectos fundamentais em monocristais de Pt à utilização de nanopartículas bimetálicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Silva, Kaline Nascimento da; Sitta, Elton; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326476348284298; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5063851334922452
Because of the high consumption of nitrogen-based compounds by both industry and agriculture, there is an imbalance in nitrogen cycle and the nitrate and nitrite reduction reaction can be a solution. These processes are formed by several intermediates which depend on both applied potential and the catalysts. Thus, it is crucial the understanding of the role of active sites, shape, and composition of nanocatalysts, and optical properties to increase the reaction selectivity. The main goal of this work is to compare different catalysts for nitrate and nitrite reduction reaction (NO3RR and NO2RR) on single crystals (Pt(111) and Pt(110)), shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles (cube (c), cuboctahedron (co) and, octahedron (oct)) and also bimetallic nanoparticles such as Pt@Cu and Au(100-x)PdX in acidic media. The experiments on the Pt single crystals revealed that NO3RR exhibit lower activity on {111} surface than {110} surface; yielding apparent reaction orders of 0.13 and 0,0 at 0.15 V on Pt(110) and Pt(111), respectively. Besides that, NO2RR showed multiple reduction processes and apparent reaction order of 0.65 and 0.60 on Pt(111) and Pt(110) respectively. Using cyanide-modified Pt(111) electrode, Pt(111)-CN, while NO2RR is partially inhibited, NO3RR is totally inhibited, thus the rate determining step for this reaction depends on fcc-hollow sites for tridentate nitrate adsorption, or the hydrogen adsorption near the adsorbed nitrate. Using shape-controlled nanoparticles, 4 nitrophenol hydrogenation relies of crystalline plane exposed. Furthermore, the capping agent used (polyvinylpyrrolidone – PVP) has a platinum interaction in this following order: Ptc < Ptco < Ptoct. Residual PVP affects the current densities for reactions studied. Nanoparticles capping agent-free exhibited lower activities for NO3RR than NO2RR. After copper deposition on Pt nanoparticles, (Pt@Cu), there was an activity enhancement between the bimetallic catalysts for RRNO3, as follow: Ptco < Ptc < Ptoct and for RRNO2: Ptoct < Ptc < Ptco. Lastly, the AuPd catalysts with light showed an increase of 16, 71 and 124% in current densities at 0.1 V for RRNO2 in the systems Au95Pd5, Au97,5Pd2,5 e Au99,5Pd0,5 respectively. These results demonstrate the adsorbates importance for selectivity during RRNO3, and the synergic effect between the metals with or without light.
Ensaio em laboratório da biorremediação da água eutrofizada da lagoa da Salina (Morada Nova - CE) com a branchoneta (Dendrocephalus brasiliensis Pesta, 1921)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-23) Oliveira, Francisco Rafael de Araújo; Petrere Junior, Miguel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9377772041367252; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0210879546387143
The pollution of water resources is one of the main environmental problems that human actions can cause. This situation causes an increase in the concentration of nutrients in water, accelerating the process of eutrophication, making rivers, lakes and reservoirs unsuitable for better uses. Thus, the objective of this study was to improve the water quality of Salina lagoon (Morada Nova - CE), in a laboratory experiment through bioremediation, using the microcrustacean filter branchoneta, as well as to evaluate its efficiency in improving the chlorophyll a and total phosphorus parameters that compose the trophic state index (TSI). The experimental design is based on a 5x2x3 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), with two replicates in each cell. For 24 hours, adult branchonets were used in the lagoon water in 60 experimental units for a three-factor experiment: density of branchonets, at 5 levels: 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 branchonets per liter; dilution of lagoon water with drinking mineral water at two levels: concentration of water originally collected in the lagoon in natura and diluted to 50%; and the third factor, time for the three stages of the experiment, evaluated after 8h, 16h and 24h. At the end of the experiment the water samples were evaluated and with the chlorophyll a and total phosphorus data, the TSI was calculated. The classification of the Salina Lagoon, according to the CONAMA Resolution 357/2005, has an indication of Freshwater - Class IV, which can be exploited for navigation and landscape harmony, but other parameters should be evaluated for final classification. During the 24 hours of the tests, the branchonets did not present significant mortality, with a high survival rate measured at 94.75%. It was verified that the water quality of the Salina lagoon is not influenced by treatment with the branchoneta filter-feeding microcrustacean, where it was observed that according to the density of animals and the water concentration level, the quality of the trophic state does not improve significantly, although, there was an improvement in the trophic classification.