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Obesidade abdominal dinapênica e suas repercussões sobre o metabolismo dos carboidratos, lipídeos, incidência de síndrome metabólica e mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares em pessoas maiores de 50 anos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-07) Ramírez Muñoz, Paula Camila; Alexandre, Tiago da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9108932694410237
Among physical and metabolic changes in the aging process, obesity and dynapenia stand out. Although some cross-sectional evidence demonstrates that dynapenic abdominal obesity (AO/D) defined as a combination of decreased neuromuscular strength and central obesity, may further impair carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as increase the risk of metabolic syndrome and mortality from cardiovascular diseases than dynapenia or obesity alone. To the best of our knowledge, no longitudinal studies have evaluated such hypotheses. Thus, the present thesis has three objectives: 1) To analyze whether AO/D impairs the trajectories of the lipid profile and carbohydrate metabolism and whether there are gender differences in these trajectories, 2) To analyze whether AO/D is a risk factor for the incidence of metabolic syndrome, and 3) To analyze whether AO/D increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality. In order to respond the proposed objectives, individuals aged 50 years or older participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were analyzed. Dynapenic abdominal obesity was defined based on waist circumference (> 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women) and grip strength (< 26 kg for men and < 16 kg for women). The participants were classified as non-abdominally obese/non-dynapenic (NAO/ND), abdominally obese/non-dynapenic (AO/ND), non-abdominally obese/dynapenic (NAO/D) and abdominally obese/dynapenic (AO/D). To study the trajectory of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, the dependent variables were the levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides. The incidence of metabolic syndrome was analyzed as a dependent variable in objective two and mortality from cardiovascular diseases was the dependent variable in third objective. The follow-up time of the three studies was 8 years. The main results found were that men AO/D showed a trajectory of increase in serum levels of LDL cholesterol and a decline in glycemia and in glycated hemoglobin percentage (HbA1c) when compared to NAO/ND. Such differences were not observed in women. Furthermore, in both sexes, both AO/D and AO/ND were risk factors for the incidence of metabolic syndrome, however the effect size was greater in. AO/D. Finally, only AO/D was a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality for men and women. The evidence of this thesis indicates a synergistic action between abdominal obesity and dynapenia capable of altering LDL cholesterol, HbA1c and glucose metabolism in men as well as increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular mortality in both sexes. Such findings have clinical relevance since both conditions can be prevented to mitigate their harmful effects in people over 50 years of age.
Indicadores educacionais de professores com deficiência na educação superior brasileira (2019)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-07) Ferreira, Sally Cristina Gouveia da Silva; Orlando, Rosimeire Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-6146; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5762505054289671; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-3664
This final project aims to verify and analyze the profile and administrative aspects of teachers with disabilities who work in Brazilian higher education based on social indicators. This research, supported by dialectical historical materialism, collected data from microdata from the Higher Education Census, released by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research in 2019. The following axes were considered: declared color/race, type of disability, gender, level of education, type of administrative category and work in distance education courses. The results show that teachers with disabilities represent 0.4% (1,734) of the total number of teachers (399,428) and are mostly masters and doctors, people with physical disabilities and white, and that the majority are working in private education and 6.2% in distance education. We point out the need to understand the political, historical and social processes that impact this reality.