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Utilização de visão computacional para a reconstrução automatizada da área de secção transversa muscular a partir de imagens sequenciais obtidas por ultrassonografia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-09)
Silva, Deivid Gomes da
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Libardi, Cleiton Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5086441110418562
The aim of the present study was to propose and validate a tool based on computer vision techniques that allows for the automated reconstruction (AR) of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscular cross-sectional area (MCSA) from sequential images obtained using an ultrasound (US) machine. Methods: Four hundred and eighty-eight VL US image sequences were used for VL MCSA reconstruction. Two different reconstruction techniques were utilized. For the already validated manual reconstruction (MR) technique, the sequential images were manually adjusted until the MCSA of the VL was fully visible for each image sequence. For AR, computer vision techniques were combined in a tool capable of automatically reconstructing the MCSA of the VL based on the steps described for the proper application of MR. After the quantification in cm² of all VL MCSA by both MR (n = 488) and AR (n = 488) techniques, the results were used to investigate the validity of the AR in measuring VL MCSA from of sequential images of the VL obtained by US. Our findings demonstrated good validity with low coefficient of variation values (1.51%) for AR compared to MR. The Bland-Altman plot showed low bias (-0.01 cm²; IC95% = 0.04, -0.06) and close limits of agreement (+1.18 cm², -1.19 cm²) containing 95% of the comparisons. Conclusion: The AR technique is valid compared to MR when measuring VL MCSA in a heterogeneous sample.
Modelagem matemática aplicada ao estudo de células a combustível a etanol direto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-09)
Oliveira, Deborah Stolte Bezerra Lisbôa de
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Sousa Júnior, Ruy de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983482879541203
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7068826648265785
The current fuel cell market is dominated by Hydrogen cells. Nevertheless, due to Hydrogen’s high reactivity, the difficulty in storage and the lack of infrastructure to distribute it, Hydrogen cells might not be the most attractive ones for everyday applications. Direct alcohol cells stand as an alternative because volatile alcohols (methanol and ethanol) can be oxidized at low temperatures (90 °C) and are easily stored and transported since they are liquids. Direct methanol fuel cells are already more commercially established than direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFC), but ethanol has advantages over methanol, namely: lower toxicity, higher theoretical energy density, and greater availability. For DEFC to become economically and technically viable, many challenges still need to be overcome, in specific, the electro-oxidation kinetics at the cell anode, which proceeds slowly, forms less-oxidized intermediate products and reduces cell efficiency. The objective of this master’s project is to model and simulate the ethanol oxidation kinetics in a DEFC. Three models were considered and adjusted to previously collected experimental data: 1) a first-principles ideal model based on Tafel kinetics and complete ethanol oxidation for Pt-Sn catalysts; 2) a realistic first-principles model for the incomplete electro-oxidation of ethanol also for several Pt-Sn catalysts; and 3) a fuzzy model to relate the structural and electronic properties of the Pt3Sn catalyst to cell performance (i.e., predicting current density). All models were implemented in MATLAB. The realistic model had a very good fit for all catalysts studied, as seen by small RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) values, ranging from 0,22 to 4,21 A/cm2, while also predicting the surface coverage distributions in agreement with previous literature works (experimental basis). The fuzzy model structure also exhibited an excellent fit to experimental data. The addition of the integrated intensity as an input variable did not affect the fitted parameters for the other input variables (crystal size, surface area, presence of PtSn phase and cell potential) and, therefore, it was possible to create a broader and more relevant model that includes an electronic property of the catalyst. Response surface analyses, corroborated by particle swarm optimization, indicated that in order to maximize power density the greatest effect comes from decreasing crystal size. Medium potentials and medium integrated intensity are also favorable. In addition, presence of the PtSn phase in moderate amounts is not unfavorable. With these values it was possible to predict the optimization of the power density value to 24,3 mW/cm2, compared to a maximum experimental value of 19,6 mW/cm2.
O itinerário de Ody Fraga rumo ao cinema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-09)
Mamigonian, José Rafael Gallotti
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Gamo, Alessandro Constantino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8208629144314123
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
This research aims to investigate the initiation path of screenwriter and film director Ody Fraga (1927–1987). We chose to approach the period that precedes the making of his first feature film "Vidas Nuas" (1967), originated from an unfinished project entitled "Erótica". To retrace his long journey, we go back to his childhood, adolescence, as well as his early work in journalism and theater. We work with different documentary sources, seeking to establish little-known information about the director's life trajectory and “immature work”, reflecting on aspects of his intellectual production throughout this period.
Classificação de placas de trânsito com redes neurais para automação de veículos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-09)
Bademian, Gustavo Bulka Bonafé
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França, Celso Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2164345541570676
This article aims to develop a study on the functioning of Convolutional Neural Networks in the classification of traffic signs for use in autonomous cars, thus being able to be used as a tool to aid the vehicle in the decision process while driving, either through controlling the vehicle's speed, identifying the changes that the vehicle must make or even displaying information to the passenger through an on-board computer. To carry out this project, the German Traffic Sign dataset [1] was used. It is a public dataset used during the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) in 2011. It has 39209 images for model training and 12630 images for testing, both divided into 43 distinct classes, each one indicating a different type. of traffic sign. At the end of the article, the reader will not only have knowledge about the theory behind neural networks, but also a theoretical background on the practical use of Convolutional Neural Networks for image classification.
A obesidade abdominal dinapênica acelera o declínio da mobilidade e da função de membros inferiores em pessoas idosas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-10)
Máximo, Roberta de Oliveira
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Alexandre, Tiago da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5377549816607170
The decline in mobility and lower extremity function are considered the sixth vital sign in older people, as they are precursors of functional disability and predictors of adverse outcomes such as hospitalization, early institutionalization, and death. Although multifactorial in nature, it is affected by two common and gender-differentiated processes in aging: abdominal obesity and dynapenia. However, there is still little evidence on the effect of dynapenic abdominal obesity on the decline in physical performance over time. Thus, the present proposal aims to: 1) analyse the effect of dynapenic abdominal obesity on the trajectory of mobility decline in 2,294 individuals aged 60 years or older, free of mobility limitation at baseline (gait speed > 0.8 m/ s), during eight years of follow-up; 2) analyse sex differences in the effect of dynapenic abdominal obesity on the trajectory of lower extremity function decline in 3,875 individuals aged 60 years or older during eight years of follow-up. The data come from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) having as a baseline the information obtained in the year 2004 that was repeated in four and eight years of follow-up. Mobility was assessed by gait speed (m/s) and lower extremity function by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Abdominal obesity was defined for waist circumference values > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women and dynapenia was considered for values of handgrip strength < 26 kg for men and < 16 kg for women. Participants were classified as non-dynapenic/non-abdominal obesity (ND/NAO); non-dynapenic/abdominal obesity (ND/AO); dynapenic/non-abdominal obesity (D/NAO) and dynapenic abdominal obese (D/AO). Generalized linear mixed models adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, neuropsychiatric, and health status factors were used to trace different trajectories of lower extremity mobility and function decline over eight years of follow-up for each of the four groups analysed. The main results of the longitudinal study carried out with 2,294 subjects aged 60 years or older free from mobility limitation at baseline (gait speed > 0.8 m/s) demonstrate that over eight years of follow-up only D/AO subjects had a greater decline in gait speed (-0.013 m/s per year 95% CI: -0.024 – -0.002; p < 0.05) compared to ND/NAO. The main results of the longitudinal analysis performed with 3,875 older people showed that, at the beginning of the study, men (-1.11 points; 95% CI: -1.58 – -0.65; p < 0.001) and women (-1.39 points; 95% CI: -1.76 – -1.02; p < 0.001) the D/AO had the worst performances in the SPPB compared to their counterparts in the ND/NAO group. During the eight years of follow-up, only D/AO men had a faster decline in SPPB performance compared to ND/NAO men (-0.11 points per year; 95% CI: -0.21 – -0.01; p = 0.032). In conclusion, dynapenic abdominal obesity is associated with an accelerated decline in gait speed in older people of either sex and an accelerated decline in SPPB in men, but not in women. The results of this thesis highlight the importance of the clinical entity of dynapenic abdominal obesity as a very robust indicator to identify and monitor the risk of lower limb mobility and function decline in older people and indicate that efforts should focus on strategies to minimize its It is made. As we have seen, dynapenic abdominal obesity can occur as age advances, but it is potentially modifiable and, when neglected, has important repercussions on functional status, especially in men. The most current guidelines from the World Health Organization establish a policy for older people to incorporate a variety of aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities into their routine. Equally important, public health initiatives need to be sufficient to allow early identification of the dynapenic abdominal obesity phenotype, so that its proper management can prevent the first signs of impaired physical performance in older people.
'É na terra e no mar que tá nossa subsistência': resistência caiçara na Baía dos Castelhanos, Ilhabela
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-10)
Silva, Paula Affonso de Araujo
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4144292372070656
This dissertation's objective was to make an ethnography of the relationships established between the caiçara communities of Baía dos Castelhanos, in the archipelago municipality of Ilhabela, and the various constraints to their way of life. Since the second half of the 20th century, especially after the creation of Ilhabela's State Park (PEIb), a series of documents and regulations have crossed the lives and possibilities of maintaining the caiçaras on lands they have occupied for over 200 years. The legal restrictions subsequent to the Park's creation were simultaneous to the intensification of real estate speculation, land grabbing and tourism, which significantly altered the environment and the caiçara way of life. At sea, other difficulties are imposed on the caiçaras, namely: exploration technologies that allow trawlers to leave the sea clean, exploration platforms in ultra-deep waters, presence of large oil tankers and the Route 1 gas pipeline that skirts the archipelago and drives part of pre-salt production to the Treatment Unit on the continent. Fishing is one of the activities whose regulation demanded the composition of new strategies and rearrangements of traditional practices, becoming, from the caiçaras' perspective, the last element giving meaning to their collective existence. Following local terms and evaluations, the caiçara way of resistance is operationalized in two forms: on land, through the incorporation of the papers’ logic, and at sea, through fishing techniques.
A tool-supported approach to adapt web user interfaces considering the emotional state of the user
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-10)
Guimarães, Patrícia Deud
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7044400727451643
The field of Human-Computer Interaction aims at developing computational systems that place the user at the center of the their development, so he/she can have the best experience when interact with the final solution. When it was acknowledged that emotions affect the relation of the individual with what surrounds him/her, scholars began to measure these emotions based on instruments that had been developed over the years. It should be emphasized that emotions can be seen as a composition of five components – physiological reactions, subjective feeling, motor expression, cognitive appraisals and behavioural tendencies. It is believed, therefore, that evaluating more than one component could bring results with greater correctness. Although some studies already measure the user’s emotional state to promote the adaptation of user interfaces and promote a better interaction experience, few worry about leading the user to achieve a desired emotional state. This work presents a new version of UIFlex (PROENÇA; NERIS, 2017), UIFlex 2.0. The previous version is presented as a Google Chrome plugin and it is responsible for providing interface adaptations to improve the accessibility of web pages. To do so, authors created rules of adaptation in JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) format that “injected” code into the web pages. The new proposed version brings together two major changes: (1) the architecture of the solution, which is now based on the MAPE-K model (Monitor-Analyse-Plan-Execute over a shared Knowledge) (KEPHART et al., 2003); (2) new user interface adaptation rules in order to provide color change in it according to theoretical studies published previously. Finally, a double blind experiment was conducted with 44 users in which two tasks were proposed – reading and transcript – on pages with the plugin enabled. Participants of the control group had access to UIFlex 2.0 as participants of the placebo group used UIFlex 3.0, which did not perform any adaptation. Both groups had the majority of participants reaching the desired emotional state – as can be seen in the generated incidence graphs. In addition, the Chi-Square statistical test was applied, which denied the alternative hypothesis. Thus, it is suggested that new rules be developed so that there are a greater number of changes to interface elements.
Identificação dos aspectos didáticos mais valorizados pelos licenciandos em química durante o desenvolvimento do Programa Residência Pedagógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-10)
Ribeiro, Natália Rodrigues
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Santos Junior, João Batista dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472
This study aimed to identify the didactic aspects most valued in the initial training of students of the Degree in Chemistry, at the Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba campus, who were members of the Pedagogical Residency Program (PRP). For this, 150 narratives constructed by the undergraduates participating in the PRP were collected during the second half of 2020, which, as a result of the Coronavirus pandemic, were taught remotely. The analytical methodology used was the discursive textual analysis of Morais and Galiazzi (2006). The analysis process allowed the identification of six categories: “Use of media in remote teaching”; “External context to school education”; “Teacher methodology in remote teaching”; “Difficulty of students and graduates in remote teaching”; “Reflection on teaching”; and “Reflections about the school”. These categories revealed the main didactic aspects valued by the undergraduates and also presented the difficulties and learning of the undergraduates in taking the PRP in the remote modality.
Análise das normas de acessibilidade no transporte aéreo: uma discussão por meio da metassíntese qualitativa do conceito de pessoa com deficiência e da acessibilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-10)
Nasser, Henrique Sacomano
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
The use of airport environments by passengers with disabilities has been increasing both in Brazil and worldwide. The process of air travel by users with disabilities has been accompanied by several challenges regarding the overcoming of barriers that obstruct the full use of these airport environments, and, to meet the demand of these passengers, there are Brazilian standards, such as Resolution No. 280, 2013, of the National Civil Aviation Agency, as well as international regulations, such as the U.S. Federal Code14 CFR Part 382 (Air Carrier Access Act), which was issued in 1987, and its amendments, and the European, through the Regulation No. 1107/2006 (European Union) of accessibility, which aims to provide and guide the conditions for the independent use, safely and autonomously. The aim of the research was to verify the existence of gaps in these regulations regarding the effectiveness of the inclusion of these users with disabilities in the air travel process, abstracted through a qualitative metasynthesis of the concepts of people with disabilities and accessibility (which refers to environmental and social contexts), subsidizing the analysis of these regulations, as well as proposing improvements to these analyzed regulations. The results of the qualitative meta-synthesis point out that the current concepts of the person with disability and accessibility are elements which comprise the same discussion spectrum, that is, one correlates with the development of the other, for the person with disability is only "disabled" when the environment does not propose elements susceptible of full accessibility by means of the principles designated by the universal design. In the analysis of these concepts abstracted from the meta-synthesis with the standards, as well as the discussion about them, it was verified that they present frailties in relation to the criteria of environment transformation by the accessibility of the universal design, so that the disability which, before, was established as a person's infirmity, disappears when the person can have full access to these environments, being socially inclusive. The barriers imposed in the air travel process are complex and interact with all the parties and the several players in the air travel process, thus making the uses of these spaces more challenging for passengers with disabilities, and a standard that serves as a guide is required to solve all these obstacles, with the change being based on the environment, and not on the conduct of these passengers. By this premise, the improvement of the norm consists, in a first moment, in separating the prescriptions that mention the improvement of the environment in the sense of offering a universalization of accessibility from the medical situations of illness that the passengers have. This dichotomy resides in specifying situations in which the passenger's capacity is compromised due to illnesses that require specific care, to be treated in separate norms, including with the support of the regulatory health and sanitary surveillance bodies. Therefore, the whole effort of the research is relevant for the inclusion of people with disabilities in the several social contexts, especially in the passenger air transport, being that the norm is, at the same time, a regulated situation, in the sense of imposing a formalization of the situations. On the other hand, it cannot be understood only by reasons of its formal interlacing, being plausible to be modified due to the evolution of science and its precepts that are comprehended therein.
Análise da inserção urbana de um empreendimento de habitação de interesse social: o estudo de caso do residencial Carandá em Sorocaba – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-11)
Ferrari, Telma Ferreira Brisola
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Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6738732236701571
The reproduction of the urban space reflects the performance of multiple actors with different interests; most of the time, the economic nature stands out to the detriment of the social-environmental. In Brazil, one of the urbanization problems is related to its segregating nature, implying the unequal access of diverse social extracts to the cities, their services, and urban equipment; it also reflects on the housing deficit rates. In 2009, to catch up with this demand, the Federal Program, Programa Federal Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV), was implemented. One of its modalities constituted popular housing production through financial subsidies and the performance of construction companies. However, if, on the one hand, the PMCMV generated staggering numbers of houses, on the other hand, the market logic overlaps the idea of housing politics, and it was not able to transform the inequalities arising from the exclusionary urbanization. As a result, great housing came true outlying the city's fringes, where land is cheaper, there are no markets nor services, and urban mobility is harmed. In Sorocaba – SP, the Jardim Carandá residential area is shown as an example of everything said, considering that for its viability, it was necessary to enlarge many urban services, representing a high social cost for the city not necessarily supplying the residents' demands. In this scenery, the analysis of Carandá Urban Insertion, which considers attributes such as its localization, access to urban infrastructure, and urban fluidity, is shown as an asset to illustrate the issues previously commented on and demonstrate that constructing houses means constructing cities. It also makes us reflect on the role of housing politics and land management, represented by the Directing Plans, in reproducing the urban spread. Finally, it invites us to rethink what kind of cities we are building for the next generations by reproducing an urbanization model that is already showing itself to be unsustainable.
Eco inovação em materiais poliméricos: direcionadores e barreiras de pesquisas voltadas à eco inovação no Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais da Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-11)
Augusto, Edna Hercules
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Fonseca, Sérgio Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879240108726907
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7786329116376734
Due to changes in contemporary capitalism, organizations are being forced to realize that for economic development to continue, they must seek innovations that maintain a balance with sustainability. Eco-innovations (EI) are inserted in this context, to the extent that they represent new products, processes, marketing techniques, or system-wide changes, whether disruptive or incremental, but always aimed at improving environmental performance. They are important for changing the current linear economic model, whose relationship with nature consists of extracting, producing, and disposing, to a circular economy model that intends to reconcile capital accumulation and environmental conservation. In this scenario, it is relevant to reflect on how the university is inserted into this EI system, since the knowledge produced therein places it in a role as a propeller of sustainable development. The understanding of drivers and barriers to EI(s) from the perspective of researchers at a Brazilian federal university can improve the management of innovation in the institution and its relationship with society. Thus, this dissertation aims to bring an analytical model of drivers and barriers to eco-innovations from the perspective of the university compared to that of companies whose vision was captured through systematic literature reviews (RBS) on eco innovation and key drivers and barriers, the state of the art has shown that this is a very incipient theme, with very few articles that bring the perspective of the university, This is a unique case study, but relevant because drivers and barriers of eco innovation activities are identified between 01/01/2010 and 01/12/2020, from the perception of researchers in polymeric materials of the Materials Engineering Department (DEMa) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). This research has a qualitative nature and a descriptive and exploratory purpose, using content analysis techniques to codify and analyze data collected from documents and semi-structured interviews, helping the understanding of drivers and barriers to EI(s) from the perspective of researchers at a federal university, which can improve the management of innovation in the institution and its relationship with society
Ações de enfermagem preventivas de respostas adversas a meio de contraste iodado: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-11)
Augusto, Renata Aparecida dos Reis Presses
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Eduardo, Aline Helena Appoloni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9804415222026713
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9541640702219383
The objective of this review was to identify evidence available in the literature on actions of preventive nursing of adverse responses to iodinated contrast media. the question of research for this study was as follows: “What is the effectiveness of preventive nursing actions of adverse reactions developed by patients who will receive iodinated contrast? ”. Method: systematic review based on the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute, the databases consulted were National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health – PUBMED, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature - CINAHL, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences – LILACS and Scielo. The words keys employed were: contrast media; prevention; nursing care. The criteria study eligibility criteria were primary studies that presented preventive measures with results attributed to the prevention of adverse response to the contrast medium they used methods with the proposal of this review. The identified articles had titles and abstracts analyzed by two different reviewers, who applied the eligibility criteria and selected the articles for full reading. Afterwards, the removal of articles that have not yet met the criteria and the duplicates were analyzed using the software Summarize. Results: From the analysis of the selected articles, the actions of nursing aimed at preventing adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media. At they were grouped into 03 categories, as follows: Assessment of the risk of adverse reactions to the contrast medium, Non-pharmacological measures for the prevention of adverse reactions to the environment of contrast and Specific care with pharmacological measures to prevent reactions adverse to the contrast medium. Conclusion: The evidence from this systematic review resulted in in the organization of nursing actions aimed at preventing adverse responses in the midst of iodinated contrast, in consultations in the various areas of diagnostic support and interventions performed in radiology.
Proposta da utilização de uma fibra de núcleo oco anti-ressonante para detecção simultânea de metano, monóxido de carbono e monóxido de nitrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-11)
Silva, Artur de Araujo
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Francisco, Carlos Alberto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1246572405382250
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Barea, Luis Alberto Mijam
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7929868663210908
Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Optical Fibers (AR-HCF) is a novel hollow-core fiber with a low refractive index in the core and a high refractive index in the cladding. Unlike conventional solid-core optical fibers, where light confinement occurs by total internal reflection, in hollow-core fibers, this confinement can be explained by photonic bandgap mechanisms and by the theory of leaky modes. This work describes the simulations of AR-HCF using the finite element method (FEM), aiming its application in optical sensing. We performed numerical simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics software to study the propagation characteristics of AR-HCF. Also, we made simulation-related analyses, such as boundary conditions, size of mesh elements suitable to be used, and methods to reduce computational effort. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the potential application of AR-HCF as efficient sensors for the simultaneous detection of three gases: methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen monoxide (NO). We investigated two fibers, one made of silicon oxide (SiO2) and indium(III) fluoride (InF3), to demonstrate the impact of the fiber material on performance over a wide wavelength range. We also considered in simulations the insertion of small holes perpendicular to the fiber length to enable the gas entry in the fiber's hollow core. The simulation results show that the designed fibers present low losses in the wavelengths of the absorption lines of the three gases. The highest attenuation value obtained in the simulations was 5.76dB/m for the SiO2 fiber and 0.06dB/m for the InF3 fiber, for λ = 5262.95 nm. Also, a linear behavior of the attenuation as a function of the gas concentration for the three gases of interest in the two designed fibers was obtained in the simulations. The sensitivity obtained by the sensor using an InF3 fiber with a length of 10 meters was 3.8x10^-2 (mV/ppm), 31x10^-2 (mV/ppm) and 11x10^-2 (mV/ppm) for the gases CH4, CO and NO, respectively. For the sensor using a SiO2 fiber with a length of 5 meters, the sensitivity estimated in this work was 1.9x10^-2 (mV/ppm), 15x10^-2 (mV/ppm) and 5.5x10^-2 (mV/ppm) for the gases CH4, CO and NO, respectively. In terms of the detection limits, the fiber made of InF3 material is capable of detecting concentrations of 13.2 to 86271 (ppm) of CH4, 1.6 to 10473 (ppm) of CO and 4.5 to 29340 (ppm) NO. The limits of detection for the fiber constituted of SiO2 were 26.5 to 163990 (ppm) of CH4, 3.2 to 20175 (ppm) of CO and 9.1 to 33034 (ppm) of NO.
Modelagem matemática, serviços ecossistêmicos e análise da paisagem como ferramentas no manejo de reservatórios inseridos em áreas antropizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-11)
Silva, Fabio Leandro da
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Fushita, Ângela Terumi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1078644223231926
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Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
In the last decade, a water crisis has been experienced that has negatively impacted several economic sectors and caused adverse effects that interfere with the maintenance of aquatic systems. Reservoirs are artificial systems that play an important role in the electricity generation and water storage, but many socio-environmental impacts are observed during their construction and those systems have been impacted by anthropogenic activities. Therefore, there is a need to use approaches that enable the evaluation of these systems, as well as the establishment of management strategies. For that, we used: (i) a zero-dimensional model to verify the mass balance of limnological variables; (ii) quality management tools for analyzing limnological data; (iii) landscape analysis and use of a landscape structure indicator; and (iv) a qualitative approach to the assessment of ecosystem services. Upstream and downstream points of the Barra Bonita (RBB), Salto Grande (RSG), Itupararanga (RI) and Jaguari-Jacareí (RJJ) reservoirs were evaluated, considering the rainy (January, March, November) and dry seasons (May, July, September). Data from the ‘Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo’ (CETESB) were used for the following variables: electrical conductivity (EC), thermotolerant coliforms (FC), biological oxygen demand (BOD5,20), dissolved oxygen (DO), total chloride (CHL), ammonia nitrogen (NH4), nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), pH, turbidity (TURB), total phosphorus (TP), and total solids (ST). In RBB, upstream stations of the Tietê and Piracicaba rivers were evaluated, as well as a downstream station in the Tietê river. Considering the RSG, an upstream and downstream station on the Atibaia river was evaluated. In the case of the RI, three upstream stations (Una, Sorocabuçu and Sorocamirim rivers) and other downstream, close to the dam, were evaluated. Concerning RJJ, two stations were verified in the Jaguari river: one upstream and the other downstream. In terms of mathematical modeling, RBB demonstrated a good capacity to retain limnological variables, especially those related to the sedimentation process. Considering the guiding values of CONAMA Resolution 357/05 and CETESB, it was found that BBR, SGR and RI had the highest number of non-conformities. EC, FC, BOD5,20, DO and TP are responsible for most non-conformities. In relation to the land cover of the Piracicaba-Capivari-Jundiaí and Sorocaba-Médio Tietê Water Resources Management Units between 2010 and 2020, the predominance of anthropogenic uses (agricultural and urbanized areas) is evident, which occupy more 60% of the territory, despite the native vegetation recovery. The Distance to Nature (D2N) showed the predominance of urbanized/intensively cultivated landscapes (> 60%), as well as areas that were unchanged and changed in natural or artificial direction. As for ecosystem services, it was shown that changes in limnological variables affect the maintenance of biodiversity and directly impact the provision of ecosystem services. It is recommended the implementation of strategies that contribute to the improvement of the environmental quality of the study area and water bodies, the approach was useful for the evaluation of these ecosystems and contributes to the decision making.
Lulu no Brasil: a recepção de Louise Brooks no Brasil e o imaginário estético-social da Primeira República
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-11)
Santos, Tamara Carla dos
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Souza, Carlos Roberto Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0875456244182952
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9495737279829496
Although the American actress Louise Brooks (1906-1985) is known for the roles she played in films in Germany – especially Pandora’s Box (G. W. Pabst, 1929) –, in the second half of the 1920s (1926-1930) her name was very present in the Brazilian press as a rising star. Her films produced in Hollywood and Beauty Prize (Augusto Genina, 1930), produced in France, toured the exhibition circuit of Brazilian theaters – mainly in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, where cinema was more present in the collective imaginary. The objective of the research is to analyze the discourse published in the Brazilian press about “modern women” and about the actress Louise Brooks and to identify the dialogues between her characters and the female spectators of Brazil during the First Republic.
A internet da natureza na gestão municipal: panorama e desenvolvimento de uma aplicação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-11)
Paula Santos, Maria Inês Corrêa de
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Thiersch, Cláudio Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8791966697254106
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7959080669153671
Since the beginning of cities construction, through its growth and development processes, driven to serve human interests, urban architecture has always focused on built spaces enhancement, leaving natural landscapes aside. By following urban forests opposite paths, technologies have risen and grows even more as cities has growth, which is why this dissertation is focused on development and applied technologies at Sao Paulo state urban forests, one of Brazil's tech hubs. We started with a systematic review abut world's urban forests technologies, followed through electronic forms, to evaluate these technologies uses in Sao Paulo state cities, that ends with a current technology demonstration, widely applied worldwide, except for environmental purposes: sensors taken; in this case, Near Field Communication (NFC), as an ally in areas management and planning, thus having smart green cities. Regarding to the systematic review, three databases were researched: SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science, as thirty-one articles were found after the entire review process. It was observed that current technologies applied are mostly related to remote sensing, and most authors are Chinese and Brazilian, demonstrating our researcher’s importance. Through the electronic forms sent to the municipalities of São Paulo participating in the program Município VerdeAzul (PMVA) and to specialists in urban forests, it was observed that the teams responsible for urban forests are composed of up to three people (72%), that 81% do not use any management software because of the high cost (43%) and lack of training (19%). In relation to the most used technologies, we have the remote sensing by satellite imaging followed using drones, which was also repeated in the survey with the experts. Regarding the use of NFC, two models were installed: tag installed inside the trunk (NFC-E) and sensor encapsulated inside a plastic nail (NFC-P). It was observed that the NFC-P is more efficient than the NFC-E, due to less damage to the tree during installation and durability. Finally, the development of a functional prototype for management that is linked to the NFC technology. Through this study it was possible to notice that the most used technology in urban forests is the classic remote sensing, and the sensors (active and passive) and software are still little used but can be effective to help in the management and planning of these areas.
Estudo do Capim Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides (l.) Roberty) na área ambiental: revisando aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-12)
Souto, Aline Rafaela Rodrigues
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Neves, Ubaldo Martins das
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4956114867482782
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Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511
Due population growth and society development, the number of activities carried out that generate negative impacts on the environment has increased. Incorrect disposal of solid waste and liquid waste is responsible for contaminating water and soil, triggering a number of environmental, economic and social problems. Such residues depending on their origin, such as industrial wastewater and electronic waste, may contain heavy metals, wich are harmful to environmental balance. Domestic wastewater, on the other hand, has a high load of organic matter, which, in excess, generates decrease of the oxygen available for aquatic species. With the growth and development of society, in addition to natural resources being negatively impacted, they are used intensely, such as soil exploration, and consequently there are losses of nutrients and important characteristics of it. Currently, in the field of research, techniques have been studied and analyzed in order to remedy negative impacts on the environment. Biotechnology comes as a way to provide cost-effective positive techniques, since they are environmentally appropriate and low cost when compared to other traditional techniques. In the field of biotechnology there is phytoremediation, a technique that uses plants in order to perform environmental recovery, reducing or eliminating the toxicity of contaminants from the environment. One plant used is Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty), which known for its physiological, morphological and ecological characteristics important for such application. The present research had as main objective to analyze different applications of species in environmental area. Results obtained in the study were a broad area of research of Vetiver grass use in phytoremediation process, both for water and soil contaminated treatment by heavy metals, as well as for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from domestic sewage and in soil and slopes protection. It was possible to verify the efficiency of the species in removal of contaminants when compared with other species, as well as role of Vetiver in protection of soil and slopes in addition to other promising applications of species in environmental area, being efficiency of use of plant related to characteristics of the same. It was concluded that the specie studied in phytoremediation process showed significant efficiency in removal of heavy metals in water bodies and soil. Furthermore, it proved to be efficient in removal of nitrogen (N) from domestic sewage and also phosphorus (P). Soil and slopes protection by species proved to be efficient with increasing soil shear resistance. Other applications proved positive for use of plant, giving openness to future studies of technique using Vetiver grass.
Carisma e poder: a fala e a voz femininas em contexto político eleitoral brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-14)
Casanova, Nicolle de Brito Conceição
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Miotello, Valdemir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1702995815667716
Le présent travail vise à analyser les discours sur le discours des femmes en condition de candidature à la présidence de la République du Brésil, avec un accent particulier sur l'approche de leur voix, produites et/ou diffusées par les médias brésiliens contemporains et matérialisées dans des textes de journaux et magazines de diffusion nationale, ainsi que les discours effectifs des candidats, afin de démontrer que de tels discours conditionnent non seulement les performances oratoires des sujets d'une société, en général, et de ces candidats, en particulier, mais aussi produire les descriptions, commentaires et évaluations de ces performances. Nous proposons surtout la possibilité de comprendre le rôle joué par de tels discours dans la construction et/ou dans l'attribution plus ou moins légitime de ce qu'on entend par charisme, en vue d'entourer notre hypothèse selon laquelle la notion de charisme est mobilisé comme instrument privilégié d'interdiction de la parole féminine dans l'espace public brésilien. A partir de l'Analyse du Discours issue de Michel Pêcheux et des apports de Michel Foucault, nous chercherons à identifier ce qui se dit sur la parole, la voix et le charisme féminin et comment les propos en la matière sont formulés lors des campagnes électorales pour la Présidence de la République dans lesquelles les femmes la représentation était plus fréquente et intense dans les journaux et magazines en question. Plus précisément, notre objectif est de répondre à des questions telles que les suivantes: de quoi et comment les médias brésiliens ont-ils parlé des déclarations et des régularités et variations de la voix des candidats, dans les campagnes électorales où les femmes étaient représentées de manière plus significative? Quels sont et de quels champs proviennent les déclarations lorsque les médias traitent de la parole et de la voix féminines? Quelles sont les stratégies rhétoriques et les qualités linguistiques des candidats mentionnés dans les textes médiatiques? Y a-t-il des variations dans le traitement accordé à la parole et à la voix des femmes, dans la mesure où elles sont décrites par des chroniqueurs considérés comme progressistes ou conservateurs, spécialistes ou non spécialistes? Comment la conjonction entre des éléments linguistiques, tels que les modalisations et les marques d'oralité, et les ressources vocales, c'est-à-dire les modulations prosodiques de la mélodie, de la dynamique et de la qualité de la voix, contribue-t-elle à la construction des images et des identités du locuteur et des auditeurs dans les discours? Comment ces images et identités favorisent-elles ou nuisent-elles à la constitution et à la perception du charisme? Et, enfin, comment considérer que la parole féminine, en général, et ces modulations, en particulier, affectent le fonctionnement de la mémoire discursive, tant au niveau de sa production que de sa réception? Dans le but de formuler des réponses à ces questions, nous analyserons une série de textes des journaux Folha de São Paulo et O Estado de São Paulo et des magazines Veja et CartaCapital, publiés entre 2006 et 2018, ainsi que des déclarations de présidents da República diffusé par les Heures Gratuites de Propagande Électorale (HGPE) et par des débats diffusés sur les chaînes de télévision ouvertes durant la même période.
Otimização do desempenho dinâmico de robôs acionados por cabos com redundância cinemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-14)
Costa, Alexandre Augusto Duarte
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Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
Robotic manipulators are used in several applications. With this, the scientific community is increasingly seeking to improve the performance of these robots. One technique that allows such improvement is kinematic redundancy, which consists of adding degrees of freedom to the manipulator, beyond the minimum necessary, for the execution of a task. Among parallel robots, the cable-driven robots stand out due to their ability to perform with high speed and acceleration, besides having cables in place of the usual rigid links. However, for this type of robot, studies that address redundancy do not explore the possibility of increasing the manipulator's dynamic performance. With that, a numerical model of a planar parallel cable-driven robot was implemented in the software MATLAB and the impact of kinematic redundancy was defined by prepositioning the redundant joints. Through an optimization algorithm it was possible to compare different strategies of redundancy resolution, in order to minimize the forces acting on the cables during the execution of the trajectory. Based on the numerical models developed, the results prove an increase in the dynamic performance of the redundant manipulator when compared to the non-redundant model, besides offering new ways to improve the different robot characteristics.
Objetos intermídia na poesia concreta de Décio Pignatari
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-15)
Bomfim, Monalisa Medrado
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Marques, Wilton José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7171053176602826
Décio Pignatari (1927-2012) was the most irreverent one of the trio of concrete poets that he composed with the brothers Haroldo and Augusto de Campos. Pignatari boldness lies in satire, but also in the multiadialogue of media, which he experiences through the exploration of different supports in intermedia poems. Considering that Pignatari helped to found the Association Internationale de Sémitique in France, in 1969, and he followed an interdisciplinary academic pathway, it was admitted that, in relation to the media, Pignatari was the most experimental of the concretes. Therefore, this work focused on experimental poetic aspects of Pignatari through different media, thus understanding them as intermedia objects. This work’s aime was to investigate the Pignatari’s intermedia objects in its orthodox and participant phases, interpreting them in terms of technomodern, criticism and erotic elements. It demonstrated in poetic practice what Lucia Santaella already advocates in her theory, which is, concrete poetry is a precursor of contemporary digital poetry. The first stage of this work discussed the concept of intermediality, based on the texts of Claus Clüver and Ernst Gombrich; the second part prioritized the analysis from orthodox phase poems, um movimento (1956), hombre hambre hembra (1957) and caviar (1959), in written and oral supports; and the third part was dedicated to analysis from poems considered here as participant phase poems, such as beba coca cola (1957) and organismo (1960), in written, audio and audiovisual supports. The poems were analyzed regarding the new sensorial experiences provided by the practices of voice and body performance associated with the different supports experienced. This work had the intention to bring Décio Pignatari’s poetry to the field of inscription support analysis, suggesting an active dialogue with the digital contemporary.