Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2022-04-07"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 9 de 9

Um estudo sobre os impactos de algumas medidas sanitárias na incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Paiuta, Rhayani Aparecida; Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9031681515111592
Since March 2020, Brazil, like the whole world, has been facing a major pandemic caused by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is a highly transmissible respiratory infection and for this reason governments around the world have taken health measures to control cases of the disease and thus stop the pandemic. The lockdown was a sanitary measure used in some cities to prevent the movement of people on the streets and thus reduce the contamination of people with the disease. In addition, after almost a year since the beginning of the pandemic, some countries have started to apply vaccines as well in order to reduce the impacts of the pandemic. Faced with the uncertainty about what would actually be effective to control the number of cases and deaths from COVID-19, researchers and people of common sense began to be interested in these sanitary measures and began to question whether the lockdown or if the start of vaccination helped to control the pandemic. In this context, this work studied the effects of lockdown and vaccination on the number of new cases and the number of deaths by COVID-19 through time series techniques. After applying the methodology, we observed that the lockdown helped to reduce cases of COVID-19 in the city of Araraquara and that vaccination impacted the reduction of cases and deaths.
Revisão e caracterização da avifauna descrita nos EIA-RIMAs do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Frezza, Fernando Henrique Sanches; Alexandrino, Eduardo Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8328346468875255; Piratelli, Augusto João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6788159174845122
The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an environmental management tool implemented in Brazil based on the National Environmental Policy (Law No. 6,938/81) to assess, predict and mitigate the impacts that will be generated on the environment by the implementation of projects . Articulated with the EIA, the Environmental Impact Studies/Environmental Impact Reports (EIA/RIMAs) aim to assess the feasibility of projects through multidisciplinary analyses, including inventories of the fauna of the affected areas. Birds represent one of the biological groups most impacted by human activities, and about 170 species are classified in some degree of threat of extinction in the state of São Paulo alone. Thus, the objectives of this study were to carry out a comprehensive review of the EIA/RIMAs used for the environmental licensing process in the state of São Paulo from 2000 to 2019 to identify and ecologically classify the bird species that appear in these documents. For this, taxonomic, ecological and morphological characteristics of the species were considered. A total of 662 taxa were recorded in 151 enterprises, the most cited being Pitangus sulphutarus (n=150; 99.34% of enterprises) and Caracara plancus (n=148; 98.01%). Species with medium environmental sensitivity predominated (n=291; 39.27%), with invertebrate feeding preference (n=331; 50%), canopy as foraging stratum (n=92; 13.90%) and forest as habitat. preferred (n=202; 30.51%). Regarding endemic species, six (0.90%) were recorded for the Cerrado domain and 126 (19.03%) for the Atlantic Forest. We found that the many bird species present in the EIA/RIMAs are sensitive to environments modified by human activities, and the EIA-RIMAs are of paramount importance for the detection and protection of these species.
Avaliação de corrosão sob tensão e corrosão-fadiga do aço API 5L X70 em solução etanólica sintética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Santos, Elielson Alves dos; Sordi, Vitor Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940; Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2271690760151113
API X70 steel has been widely used in Brazil for the manufacture of ethanol transport pipelines, however, a recognized problem in carbon steel pipes exposed to ethanol is stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and, in addition, the pipelines are subject to fuel pressure fluctuations, causing concern in relation to fatigue. The objective of this research was to evaluate the SCC and corrosion-fatigue (CF) for X70 steel exposed to a circulating synthetic ethanol solution (CSES), with a view to the microstructure/environment interaction. Quench treatment in synthetic mineral oil was developed to modification of as-received microstructure. Mechanical tests were performed to analyze susceptibility to SCC, as well as cyclic loading tests to get fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN). Results on notched specimens with as-received microstructure (RA) and heat treated as-received microstructure (HTRA) revealed a strain reduction around 58% and 37%, respectively, after slow strain rate tests in CSES. Under constant load (CL), the RA microstructure steel appears no be sensitive to SCC at stress levels below the yield strength, however, under staggered constant load (SCL) the phenomenon was observed in both types of microstructure. The presence of corrosion product in the fracture surface initiation region for RA microstructure suggests crack closure, causing alterations in the initial portion of the da/dN-ΔK curves, shifting ΔKlim to higher values. Changes in crack growth rates in the Paris-Erdogan linear region for RA microstructure, at low ΔK levels at 0.25 Hz, were identified due to SCC, as well as some crack acceleration due to corrosion-fatigue. The interaction between HTRA microstructure and ethanol solution revealed lower da/dN rates when compared to rates obtained by contact of the solution with the RA microstructure.
Otimização topológica para obtenção de nova geometria de órtese suro podálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Furtado, Nathan Meni; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8589456629873989
With the improvement in current medicine, many diseases that were once fatal are now manageable with the advances in existing treatments and surgeries, but because of the increased survival, we also have an increase in the number of people who suffer from some physical sequel. To complement the treatment, orthoses are widely used, as they are body external mechanisms that aim to support, relieve or recreate the functioning of an affected limb. The AFO (Ankle-Foot Orthosis) or suropodal orthosis is one of the orthoses currently used for victims of stroke, multiple sclerosis and among other diseases, who suffer deviation sequels related to the ankle and foot. With the increase in stroke survivors in Brazil, the demand for the orthosis, which is provided free of charge by the SUS and which still manually manufactured by physical therapists in the units, has increased. With all this problem, studies to improve the AFO orthosis are large, aiming to solve, for example, the manufacture of more comfortable and optimized models through additive manufacturing, the use of lighter and more resistant materials such as carbon fiber and creation of new optimized and customized designs for the users. All approaches find a major barrier in the complexity of biomechanics, where the efforts of a person's gait are complex and vary with each individual or type of sequel, and the traditional AFO tries to be a middle ground that serves everyone. Therefore, the present work seeks to study one of these areas in order to improve the designs and generate savings for the production of orthotics in the Brazilian health system and serving as support for further research in the area. The chosen area was the simulation of an AFO model through topological optimization, a methodology that uses an algorithm to minimize/maximize the orthosis properties, in order to obtain a new design that is lighter (less volume) and equally resistant. For this, an optimization methodology was applied in the software ABAQUS, which sought to minimize the strain energy of the orthosis while fixing the volume reduction in a percentage (70% of the original volume, for example). In total, three optimizations were simulated with a reduction of 30%, 50% and 70% of the original orthosis volume, and from the results it was possible to arrive at a new proposed design of the AFO with a reduction of 30% of the original volume, which had results of mechanical strain close to the original. The results also validate the usefulness of the proposed methodology through the software ABAQUS, which can serve as a basis for new simulations in AFO orthoses or other orthoses.
Um estudo sobre a provisão de consórcio com séries temporais e machine learning
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Lima, Thais Maíra Gonçalves de; Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3227699549617808
The consortium sector of a particular company works by dividing its customers into groups that start and finish at the same time the payment of installments of a combined amount to obtain their own vehicle. The acquisition of this car is carried out by drawing lots that take place at any time between the payment of the installments. The provision is a capital that the company needs to maintain in the event that customers in this group withdraw from paying these installments. If, at the end of the group, the company is unable to obtain the amount it had determined, another sector of the same organization will supply the necessary with the loan that will be essential for the group. Therefore, the greater the group’s default, the greater the loan amount that the company must reimburse in the consortium. In order to find ideal models that can estimate the necessary forecast of the provision and the value of the loan over time, two of the usual time series models were used: ARIMA and Exponential Smoothing - Holt Winters, which more approached the predicted values; and a Booosting - Machine Learning application.
Alergias e intolerâncias alimentares: comportamento e perfil dos consumidores - uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Ferrari, Beatriz Lisboa; Meira, Kelly Cristina; Soares, Maysa Pádua; Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
In recent years, with industrialization, the food sector has been transforming and accompanying changes in society. Such changes are related to consumer health, which has been developing some types of food intolerances and allergies. Food allergy is the abnormal reaction of the human immune system, through the ingestion of allergenic foods. Unlike allergies, food intolerance isn’t an exaggerated reaction to organisms not related to the immune system, but due to deficiencies and or lack of digestive enzymes produced by the body. Consumers with food intolerance or allergy showed a loyalty profile due to the difficulty and trust in new foods, however, many of them showed dissatisfaction with the commercialized ones, and are willing to spend more on higher quality products, allowing the insertion of new brands in the market. In addition, the female consumer profile stood out in the surveys, being responsible for the greater commercialization of foods intended for lactose intolerant and gluten allergy, and the child consumer profile had greater evidence in foods intended for casein allergy. That said, the present study aimed to analyze the most common types of allergies and intolerances, namely lactose intolerance, cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and gluten allergy (celiac disease), highlighting the needs of the consumer according to their consumption profile and therefore we analyze technologies applied to meet the demand for hypoallergenic foods.
Avaliação de diferentes agentes clarificantes no fermentado de arroz para a produção de saquê
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Soares de Almeida, Camila; Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
Rice can be used in the alcoholic fermentation process, which combines the saccharification of the grain (transformation of starch into sugar), the use of a filamentous fungus of the Aspergillus species and the reaction of transformation of sugar into alcohol by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Clarification is an operation that aims to eliminate all substances, in suspension or dissolution, existing in a liquid, to make it clear and crystalline. One of the methods used for clarification is the use of bentonite, which acts through electrostatic charges. Other alternatives are the use of gelatin, which has been widely used in the clarification of beverages for its effective precipitation of agents such as tannin, due to its ability to form insoluble complexes with proteins, and the use of carrageenan gum, which has the ability to maintain particles in suspension and electrostatic connection. Therefore, the objective of this work was to obtain an alcoholic fermented product from rice wort and to test the use of different types of clarifying agents such as bentonite clay, associated bentonite and gelatin and carrageenan gum. The results were analyzed in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, and all parameters were in accordance with current legislation for sake production. Bentonite associated with gelatin was the clarifying agent that obtained the most satisfactory result, with turbidity values of 11.2 NTU, which can be concluded that its use is viable as a clarifying agent and in the reduction of turbidity and absorbance.
Análise dos conhecimentos pedagógicos de conteúdo expressos por licenciandos em matemática participantes do PIBID
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Greco, Danilo de Souza; Silva, João Ricardo Neves da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5821775579111920; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2103384049178648
This work presents an analysis of the pedagogical content knowledge expressed by Mathematics undergraduates, participants of the Teaching Initiation Program – PIBID. This is a documentary research, in which the data were obtained through a document produced by the undergraduates, called portfolio, containing different narratives of the formative processes experienced in the PIBID. These data were analyzed based on the theoretical framework and contributions of Shulman (1986, 1987 and 2015), regarding the Knowledge Base for Teaching (BCE) and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). To carry out the research, a qualitative, descriptive approach was adopted, with methodological procedures of analysis supported by the analysis of Shuman (1986). The organization of the data relied on the help of tables, through which excerpts that showed some element of knowledge of the BCE were listed, based on episodes taken from the students' portfolios. The results of this research indicate that the knowledge of the undergraduates that stood out was the pedagogical content knowledge. These results point to the need for training programs for teaching with the knowledge necessary for educational practices in the classroom, considering as an example the PIBID and the importance of other researches that advance in the context of teaching science and mathematics.
Nova proposta didática para o ensino de biologia molecular na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07) Silva, Marilia Faustino da; Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2941672894670182
The teaching of science and biology in basic education aims to provide minimum content so that individuals can deal with new information and are able to understand, question and position themselves in the face of ethical debates arising from the development and applications in the area of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. However, the flow of information generated is not accompanied by the dissemination of scientific information in the school environment, nor is it incorporated into teaching knowledge on a continuous basis. In addition, the teaching of Molecular Biology and its related concepts, which involve a great capacity for abstraction on the part of the students, requires the elaboration and use of specific teaching resources. In this context, this work aimed to organize, develop and implement a continuing education course offered to teachers in basic education, focusing on the teaching profile of the public network, their needs and difficulties related to the teaching of Molecular Biology. From these data, a gamified software called BIOQUEST was developed, aimed at high school students. Then, the usability of the software and the impact on the learning of concepts related to Molecular Biology were evaluated, comparing the results of a conceptual test with students who used the BIOQUEST software, and students who had contact with the concepts in the traditional way. education. Data analysis based on the use of BIOQUEST revealed that , the software can be used as a pedagogical resource with basic education students, since it presents the concepts related to Molecular Biology in a playful way, being well evaluated in relation to usability. , exploration of the game in its entirety, the relevance of the subject for learning and ease of manipulation and navigation in the game, in addition to having a positive impact on the learning of concepts.