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Um estudo sobre os impactos de algumas medidas sanitárias na incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Paiuta, Rhayani Aparecida
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Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9031681515111592
Since March 2020, Brazil, like the whole world, has been facing a major pandemic caused by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is a highly transmissible respiratory infection and for this reason governments around the world have taken health measures to control cases of the disease and thus stop the pandemic. The lockdown was a sanitary measure used in some cities to prevent the movement of people on the streets and thus reduce the contamination of people with the disease. In addition, after almost a year since the beginning of the pandemic, some countries have started to apply vaccines as well in order to reduce the impacts of the pandemic. Faced with the uncertainty about what would actually be effective to control the number of cases and deaths from COVID-19, researchers and people of common sense began to be interested in these sanitary measures and began to question whether the lockdown or if the start of vaccination helped to control the pandemic. In this context, this work studied the effects of lockdown and vaccination on the number of new cases and the number of deaths by COVID-19 through time series techniques. After applying the methodology, we observed that the lockdown helped to reduce cases of COVID-19 in the city of Araraquara and that vaccination impacted the reduction of cases and deaths.
Nova proposta didática para o ensino de biologia molecular na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Silva, Marilia Faustino da
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Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2941672894670182
The teaching of science and biology in basic education aims to provide minimum content so that individuals can deal with new information and are able to understand, question and position themselves in the face of ethical debates arising from the development and applications in the area of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. However, the flow of information generated is not accompanied by the dissemination of scientific information in the school environment, nor is it incorporated into teaching knowledge on a continuous basis. In addition, the teaching of Molecular Biology and its related concepts, which involve a great capacity for abstraction on the part of the students, requires the elaboration and use of specific teaching resources. In this context, this work aimed to organize, develop and implement a continuing education course offered to teachers in basic education, focusing on the teaching profile of the public network, their needs and difficulties related to the teaching of Molecular Biology. From these data, a gamified software called BIOQUEST was developed, aimed at high school students. Then, the usability of the software and the impact on the learning of concepts related to Molecular Biology were evaluated, comparing the results of a conceptual test with students who used the BIOQUEST software, and students who had contact with the concepts in the traditional way. education. Data analysis based on the use of BIOQUEST revealed that , the software can be used as a pedagogical resource with basic education students, since it presents the concepts related to Molecular Biology in a playful way, being well evaluated in relation to usability. , exploration of the game in its entirety, the relevance of the subject for learning and ease of manipulation and navigation in the game, in addition to having a positive impact on the learning of concepts.
Revisão e caracterização da avifauna descrita nos EIA-RIMAs do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Frezza, Fernando Henrique Sanches
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Alexandrino, Eduardo Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8328346468875255
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an environmental management tool implemented in Brazil based on the National Environmental Policy (Law No. 6,938/81) to assess, predict and mitigate the impacts that will be generated on the environment by the implementation of projects . Articulated with the EIA, the Environmental Impact Studies/Environmental Impact Reports (EIA/RIMAs) aim to assess the feasibility of projects through multidisciplinary analyses, including inventories of the fauna of the affected areas. Birds represent one of the biological groups most impacted by human activities, and about 170 species are classified in some degree of threat of extinction in the state of São Paulo alone. Thus, the objectives of this study were to carry out a comprehensive review of the EIA/RIMAs used for the environmental licensing process in the state of São Paulo from 2000 to 2019 to identify and ecologically classify the bird species that appear in these documents. For this, taxonomic, ecological and morphological characteristics of the species were considered. A total of 662 taxa were recorded in 151 enterprises, the most cited being Pitangus sulphutarus (n=150; 99.34% of enterprises) and Caracara plancus (n=148; 98.01%). Species with medium environmental sensitivity predominated (n=291; 39.27%), with invertebrate feeding preference (n=331; 50%), canopy as foraging stratum (n=92; 13.90%) and forest as habitat. preferred (n=202; 30.51%). Regarding endemic species, six (0.90%) were recorded for the Cerrado domain and 126 (19.03%) for the Atlantic Forest. We found that the many bird species present in the EIA/RIMAs are sensitive to environments modified by human activities, and the EIA-RIMAs are of paramount importance for the detection and protection of these species.
Avaliação de corrosão sob tensão e corrosão-fadiga do aço API 5L X70 em solução etanólica sintética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Santos, Elielson Alves dos
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Sordi, Vitor Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
API X70 steel has been widely used in Brazil for the manufacture of ethanol transport pipelines, however, a recognized problem in carbon steel pipes exposed to ethanol is stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and, in addition, the pipelines are subject to fuel pressure fluctuations, causing concern in relation to fatigue. The objective of this research was to evaluate the SCC and corrosion-fatigue (CF) for X70 steel exposed to a circulating synthetic ethanol solution (CSES), with a view to the microstructure/environment interaction. Quench treatment in synthetic mineral oil was developed to modification of as-received microstructure. Mechanical tests were performed to analyze susceptibility to SCC, as well as cyclic loading tests to get fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN). Results on notched specimens with as-received microstructure (RA) and heat treated as-received microstructure (HTRA) revealed a strain reduction around 58% and 37%, respectively, after slow strain rate tests in CSES. Under constant load (CL), the RA microstructure steel appears no be sensitive to SCC at stress levels below the yield strength, however, under staggered constant load (SCL) the phenomenon was observed in both types of microstructure. The presence of corrosion product in the fracture surface initiation region for RA microstructure suggests crack closure, causing alterations in the initial portion of the da/dN-ΔK curves, shifting ΔKlim to higher values. Changes in crack growth rates in the Paris-Erdogan linear region for RA microstructure, at low ΔK levels at 0.25 Hz, were identified due to SCC, as well as some crack acceleration due to corrosion-fatigue. The interaction between HTRA microstructure and ethanol solution revealed lower da/dN rates when compared to rates obtained by contact of the solution with the RA microstructure.
Um estudo sobre a provisão de consórcio com séries temporais e machine learning
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Lima, Thais Maíra Gonçalves de
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Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3227699549617808
The consortium sector of a particular company works by dividing its customers into groups that start and finish at the same time the payment of installments of a combined amount to obtain their own vehicle. The acquisition of this car is carried out by drawing lots that take place at any time between the payment of the installments. The provision is a capital that the company needs to maintain in the event that customers in this group withdraw from paying these installments. If, at the end of the group, the company is unable to obtain the amount it had determined, another sector of the same organization will supply the necessary with the loan that will be essential for the group. Therefore, the greater the group’s default, the greater the loan amount that the company must reimburse in the consortium. In order to find ideal models that can estimate the necessary forecast of the provision and the value of the loan over time, two of the usual time series models were used: ARIMA and Exponential Smoothing - Holt Winters, which more approached the predicted values; and a Booosting - Machine Learning application.
Alergias e intolerâncias alimentares: comportamento e perfil dos consumidores - uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Ferrari, Beatriz Lisboa
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Meira, Kelly Cristina
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Soares, Maysa Pádua
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Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
In recent years, with industrialization, the food sector has been transforming and accompanying changes in society. Such changes are related to consumer health, which has been developing some types of food intolerances and allergies. Food allergy is the abnormal reaction of the human immune system, through the ingestion of allergenic foods. Unlike allergies, food intolerance isn’t an exaggerated reaction to organisms not related to the immune system, but due to deficiencies and or lack of digestive enzymes produced by the body. Consumers with food intolerance or allergy showed a loyalty profile due to the difficulty and trust in new foods, however, many of them showed dissatisfaction with the commercialized ones, and are willing to spend more on higher quality products, allowing the insertion of new brands in the market. In addition, the female consumer profile stood out in the surveys, being responsible for the greater commercialization of foods intended for lactose intolerant and gluten allergy, and the child consumer profile had greater evidence in foods intended for casein allergy. That said, the present study aimed to analyze the most common types of allergies and intolerances, namely lactose intolerance, cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and gluten allergy (celiac disease), highlighting the needs of the consumer according to their consumption profile and therefore we analyze technologies applied to meet the demand for hypoallergenic foods.
Otimização topológica para obtenção de nova geometria de órtese suro podálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Furtado, Nathan Meni
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Shiki, Sidney Bruce
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8589456629873989
With the improvement in current medicine, many diseases that were once fatal are now manageable with the advances in existing treatments and surgeries, but because of the increased survival, we also have an increase in the number of people who suffer from some physical sequel. To complement the treatment, orthoses are widely used, as they are body external mechanisms that aim to support, relieve or recreate the functioning of an affected limb. The AFO (Ankle-Foot Orthosis) or suropodal orthosis is one of the orthoses currently used for victims of stroke, multiple sclerosis and among other diseases, who suffer deviation sequels related to the ankle and foot. With the increase in stroke survivors in Brazil, the demand for the orthosis, which is provided free of charge by the SUS and which still manually manufactured by physical therapists in the units, has increased. With all this problem, studies to improve the AFO orthosis are large, aiming to solve, for example, the manufacture of more comfortable and optimized models through additive manufacturing, the use of lighter and more resistant materials such as carbon fiber and creation of new optimized and customized designs for the users. All approaches find a major barrier in the complexity of biomechanics, where the efforts of a person's gait are complex and vary with each individual or type of sequel, and the traditional AFO tries to be a middle ground that serves everyone. Therefore, the present work seeks to study one of these areas in order to improve the designs and generate savings for the production of orthotics in the Brazilian health system and serving as support for further research in the area. The chosen area was the simulation of an AFO model through topological optimization, a methodology that uses an algorithm to minimize/maximize the orthosis properties, in order to obtain a new design that is lighter (less volume) and equally resistant. For this, an optimization methodology was applied in the software ABAQUS, which sought to minimize the strain energy of the orthosis while fixing the volume reduction in a percentage (70% of the original volume, for example). In total, three optimizations were simulated with a reduction of 30%, 50% and 70% of the original orthosis volume, and from the results it was possible to arrive at a new proposed design of the AFO with a reduction of 30% of the original volume, which had results of mechanical strain close to the original. The results also validate the usefulness of the proposed methodology through the software ABAQUS, which can serve as a basis for new simulations in AFO orthoses or other orthoses.
Avaliação de diferentes agentes clarificantes no fermentado de arroz para a produção de saquê
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Soares de Almeida, Camila
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Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
Rice can be used in the alcoholic fermentation process, which combines the saccharification of the grain (transformation of starch into sugar), the use of a filamentous fungus of the Aspergillus species and the reaction of transformation of sugar into alcohol by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Clarification is an operation that aims to eliminate all substances, in suspension or dissolution, existing in a liquid, to make it clear and crystalline. One of the methods used for clarification is the use of bentonite, which acts through electrostatic charges. Other alternatives are the use of gelatin, which has been widely used in the clarification of beverages for its effective precipitation of agents such as tannin, due to its ability to form insoluble complexes with proteins, and the use of carrageenan gum, which has the ability to maintain particles in suspension and electrostatic connection. Therefore, the objective of this work was to obtain an alcoholic fermented product from rice wort and to test the use of different types of clarifying agents such as bentonite clay, associated bentonite and gelatin and carrageenan gum. The results were analyzed in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, and all parameters were in accordance with current legislation for sake production. Bentonite associated with gelatin was the clarifying agent that obtained the most satisfactory result, with turbidity values of 11.2 NTU, which can be concluded that its use is viable as a clarifying agent and in the reduction of turbidity and absorbance.
Análise dos conhecimentos pedagógicos de conteúdo expressos por licenciandos em matemática participantes do PIBID
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Greco, Danilo de Souza
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Silva, João Ricardo Neves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5821775579111920
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2103384049178648
This work presents an analysis of the pedagogical content knowledge expressed by Mathematics undergraduates, participants of the Teaching Initiation Program – PIBID. This is a documentary research, in which the data were obtained through a document produced by the undergraduates, called portfolio, containing different narratives of the formative processes experienced in the PIBID. These data were analyzed based on the theoretical framework and contributions of Shulman (1986, 1987 and 2015), regarding the Knowledge Base for Teaching (BCE) and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). To carry out the research, a qualitative, descriptive approach was adopted, with methodological procedures of analysis supported by the analysis of Shuman (1986). The organization of the data relied on the help of tables, through which excerpts that showed some element of knowledge of the BCE were listed, based on episodes taken from the students' portfolios. The results of this research indicate that the knowledge of the undergraduates that stood out was the pedagogical content knowledge. These results point to the need for training programs for teaching with the knowledge necessary for educational practices in the classroom, considering as an example the PIBID and the importance of other researches that advance in the context of teaching science and mathematics.
Bibliometria e análise de conteúdo sobre o ensino por competências na educação em engenharia de materiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Lopes, Mariana Salgado
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Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1970-6375
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9509308023100332
Engineering education is a field of great importance, due to its ability to graduate strategic professionals to support the socioeconomic growth of the countries. Materials Engineering, for instance, emerged in Brazil with the objective of improve a better use of materials and adding technological concepts that help the generation of wealth for the country. However, for these professionals to be able to perform their role properly, there is a need for holistic education, providing a solid technical base and the soft skills necessary to perform professionally. Thus, much has been debated in recent years about the need to update engineering education around the world. The goal of this work is to aid the teaching and implementation of soft skills in the Materials Engineering course program in the Federal University of São Carlos, through an analysis of bibliometric indicators in competency-based learning publications indexed in the Web of Science database from 2001 to 2020, and content analysis of the new National Curricular Guidelines, the pedagogical course project and the Institutional Modernization Project. The indicators showed a significant increase in the number of publications over the years, indicating a growing interest in this topic. The USA leads in the number of publications in the area, concentrating institutions and researchers with the highest number of publications. A significant portion of the analyzed publications resulted from events on Engineering Education, highlighting the importance of their realization and indexing of publications in databases. The content analysis indicates the need for a greater alignment between the objective of building competences and the pedagogical activities provided for in the course. It was possible to conclude that, the use of unconventional analytical methodologies in the field of Engineering Education, represents a big potential in the investigation of new improving sources in the modernizations of the graduation courses.
Redes neurais para grafos e suas aplicações aos sistemas complexos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Carvalho, Guilherme Michel Lima de
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Rodrigues, Francisco Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2153014839354888
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1288291441181363
Complex systems are composed of several components that interact with each other. A natural approach for these types of systems is to use mathematical graph abstraction. In different contexts in the real world, it is possible to use complex network techniques to model these systems. In these systems, dynamic processes such as the spread of information and the spread of disease can occur. In this work we consider the use of artificial neural network techniques for graph-structured data in order to study the propagation of rumor in complex networks and the detection of community structures. For the proposed case of rumor, a model was developed based on graph neural networks for the porpuse of detected the source of the a rumour in graphs with community structure and for community dectection was evaluate the potential of graph neural networks in comparison to traditional methods of the network science.
Qualidade físico-química e armazenamento pós-colheita de frutos de genótipos de lima ácida Tahiti
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Guilmo, Leonardo da Silva
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Azevedo, Fernando Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0574692206149746
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Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623193710607120
The Brazilian citrus industry is among the largest in the world, with a consolidated and growing market, with this, the demand for quality fruits for the domestic market and, mainly, for export, has been increasing. In BAG Citros IAC there are 23 accessions of acid lime (Citrus latifolia), the species has been exploited internationally as an “in natura” fruit, exported in large quantities by Brazil, especially to the European continent, but other alternatives for use for domestic market are concentrated juices, the main use of acid lime in Brazil, presenting high added value and with high investments. The objective of this work was to select genotypes of Tahiti acid lime (Citrus latifolia) in terms of vegetative development and productivity, physicochemical characteristics and post-harvest storage of the fruits. Initially, 12 acid lime genotypes were evaluated (IAC 304/IAC 5, IAC 616/IAC 10, BRS Ponta Firme, IAC 302, IAC 1728, IAC 654, CNPMF 02 IAC 1491, IAC 303, Folha Murcha IAC, Quebra Galho Catanduva, Quebra Galho Mogi Mirim and Quebra Galho Paranapuã) regarding the vegetative and productive development, and physicochemical characteristics of the fruits (Experiment 1). Subsequently, three genotypes were selected for evaluation of productive development and post-harvest testing, where the fruits were divided into standards for commercialization in the domestic and foreign markets (Experiment 2). The evaluations started in the second half of 2019 and ended in the second half of 2021. The genotypes IAC 304/IAC 5, IAC 616/IAC 10 and BRS Ponta Firme showed greater vegetative and productive development in March (2020), in addition, presented good results, staying within established standards for mass, conformation index, juice yield, vitamin C, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio and technological index. In experiment 2, the IAC 616/IAC 10 and BRS Ponta Firme genotypes showed higher productivity compared to the IAC 304/IAC 5 genotype, in March (2021); and in the post-harvest test were also highlights, for fruits with standards for domestic and foreign markets, with less loss of mass and less loss of dark green color. There were no significant differences between genotypes for juice yield, vitamin C, soluble solids, acidity and ratio. Of the genotypes studied, IAC 616/IAC 10 and BRS Ponta Firme showed higher productivity and good results for physical-chemical analysis and post-harvest testing, showing potential to be new commercial varieties for Brazilian citrus industry.
A percepção de moradores da região de Sorocaba sobre plantas frutíferas e a relação com o ensino de botânica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Cavallari, Bianca Lacerda
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Souto, Letícia Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9284280370140756
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0558828152726805
Plants and humans have been connected since the start of our human evolution, since its first use in meals, which culminated in the domestication of many vegetable species until the present date, when plants are used by mankind in various ways. Even though they have such an important role in the life of humans, what makes them so uninteresting to students? Theory-dense classes with contents disconnected from the student reality and the absence of science labs are only some of the points observed in studies about the matter. To understand a bit better the relation between human beings and plants, a questionnaire was created, which was presented to the citizens of the Sorocaba metropolitan region with the goal to observe if it would be possible to identify plant species without the presence of their fruit. The questionnaire also contained questions about the environment the person lived in and how was their relationship with plants during their childhood. Those that had the least correct answers were also those who said to have no contact with plants in their day-to-day life and also remembered a low number of botany topics from their school years. The opposite was also true. These results can be explained by the growth of plant blindness in our society. The plant blind person cannot identify plants around them as nothing more than decoration instead of living organisms that provide so much to humans. To fight plant blindness, it is important to diversify botany classes utilizing more practical lessons and experiments and introducing botanical topics since the first years of schooling.
Formação de professores e educação de pessoas com deficiência: concepções de docentes formadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Almeida, Luisa de Souza Leão
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Vilaronga, Carla Ariela Rios
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536774151778096
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7388884197089208
The development of human resources, specifically the training of secondary teachers, is considered one of the pillars of the inclusive education of disabled students. However, it has been suggested that the undergraduate training received by teachers has not been enough for them to co-create an equity environment for all students. Given this scenario, it is necessary to investigate from what conceptions instructors who train secondary teachers have conducted their training practices. Thus, this study aimed to analyze post-secondary instructors who teach courses on the theme of education of disabled people. Also, we wanted to understand their conceptions about the structuring of disciplines related to this theme and its relationship with the training of future professionals. The research was characterized as a case study conducted at the Universidade Federal do Pará, with the participation of seven instructors from undergraduate courses who teach subjects related to the education of disabled people. Data collection was carried out in two stages: 1) document analysis, referring to the mapping of subjects related to the education of disabled people taught in undergraduate courses on five university campuses; 2) field study, which consisted of conducting semi-structured interviews with university professors. Data analysis was based on the Method of Interpretation of Meanings, which includes three phases: understanding, exploration and interpretative synthesis. The results gave rise to five thematic axes. Axis A, referring to teachers' training and performance paths in the field of Special Education, indicated differences in the following dimensions: a) specific academic training in the area; b) personal, professional or institutional factors and motivations. Axis B, referred to concepts about curriculum and didactics for the education of disabled people. It was identified that, of the 21 undergraduate courses analyzed, 20 had a Libras subject and seven had general subjects in the area of Special Education. Still, in regards to this axis, teachers pointed out that such subjects impact training by sensitizing future teachers and offering initial instruments for their performance. Axis C dealt with institutional aspects and accessibility at the university, indicating a lack of human resources. Axis C results showed the existence of additional training spaces beyond regular training, such as research and extension, especially in Libras. Axis D referred to teachers' conceptions of disability. The results pointed to the perception of individual and institutional barriers present in different relationships with disabled people and the understanding of the need to produce attitudinal changes across disciplines. The organic, social and metaphysical concepts permeated the analyzed discourses. Axis E allowed the knowledge of conceptions about education for disabled people. The results pointed to dimensions such as affection and empathy regarding this process and the importance of legal aspects in the face of perceived resistance. The Specialized Educational Service appeared as the primary reference model for the education of disabled people. The dialogue with the training teachers proved to be decisive in elucidating conceptions and discourses about disabled people, who circulate in different social spaces and impact the training processes.
O empreendedor institucional e a inserção de pequenos agricultores familiares no mercado: o Projeto Agro Família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Arciprete, João Paulo Rodrigues
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Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3740950346967524
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8946449681000920
There is a large number of public policies aimed at family farming in Brazil. Access to these policies could help farmers to better integrate into distribution channels such as supermarkets, bars, restaurants, street markets and city halls. However, a set of barriers continues to impede access to markets, such as the fierce competitive environment, greater demand for food quality and safety, increased production scale, among others. This thesis establishes two propositions. The first is that many barriers persist due to the absence of an intermediary institutionality capable of bridging the gap between the general rules of established policies and the needs of small producers. The second is that the creation of this institutionality can be carried out through institutional entrepreneurs. The New Institutional Economics was used as a theoretical framework. It is proposed that it is necessary to observe what Menard (2017) classified as meso-institutions, that is, a fundamental institutionality so that rules and rights established at a macro level, such as those established in government law programs, are interpreted and implemented in a micro level. The transformation or creation of this new institutionality can arise through the actions of entrepreneurs with the necessary resources to take advantage of the opportunities to make changes (Dimaggio;1988). To demonstrate these propositions, the case of the Agro Família Project was examined, in which the Brazilian Support Service for Micro and Small Enterprises (SEBRAE), the National Rural Learning Service (SENAR) and other organizations acted with the objective of creating an institutional framework that would allow family farmers in the region of Ribeirão Preto, SP, to be included in commercialization channels, such as direct sales to consumers at street markets, restaurants, bars and municipal governments. Data were collected through participant observation, documentary analysis and interviews with 49 producers, 3 leaders of producer organizations, the Sebrae consultant responsible for serving the farmers and 24 nutritionists and/or responsible for school meals in the municipalities in the region. The data allowed identifying the barriers faced by producers and confirming both propositions. The performance of institutional entrepreneurs, such as Sebrae and Senar, allowed the overcoming of barriers and, therefore, the commercialization of products within the scope of the PNAE, in the local retail trade, in street markets and home deliveries. The role of these organizations was to build the necessary bridges to overcome obstacles, assuming a governance role in the process of eliminating barriers, where they were accepted for having social legitimacy and ability to deal with the public and private sectors. This thesis corroborates with different studies that characterize the institutional entrepreneur and the creation of new institutionalities, considering the situation of organizational fields and the existence of institutional voids as a generator of opportunities for entrepreneurial action. The study also contributes to the advancement of studies on institutional entrepreneurship in promoting changes and/or creating meso-institutions.
Qualidade físico-química e tolerância à Phyllosticta citricarpa, Elsinoe fawcettii e “Candidatus Liberibacter spp.” em genótipos de limão (Citrus limon)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Ronquim, Júlio Cesar Sammarco
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Azevedo, Fernando Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0574692206149746
;
Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623193710607120
Lemon genotypes are affected by several diseases that jeopardize their productive sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical quality of fruits and the incidence and severity of citrus black spot diseases (Phyllosticta citricarpa), Verrugose (Elsinoe fawcettii) and HLB (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) in three lemon genotypes. . The work was carried out on plants and fruits harvested from the Citrus Working Collection of the Citriculture Center 'Sylvio Moreira', established in 2015/2016. In this work, the physicochemical quality of fruits (mass, height and width of the fruits, juice yield, Vitamin C content and essential oil yield) and the incidence and severity of diseases in three main lemon genotypes were evaluated: Eureka IAC 644, Feminello Sta T-2 IAC 272, Lisbon IAC 267. The evaluation data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the analyzes were compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The mass and height of the fruits of the three genotypes with HLB symptoms were lower in relation to the asymptomatic fruits. In the evaluation of juice yield, the symptoms of black spot and HLB reduced the juice yield of some genotypes: Eureka IAC 644 (MPC), Femminello Sta T.-2 IAC 272 (MPC), Lisboa IAC 267 (HLB) and Femminello Sta T.-2 IAC 272 (HLB). Juice from fruits with HLB symptoms of the Eureka IAC 644 genotype had lower vitamin C content compared to this asymptomatic genotype. The essential oil yield was lower when the genotypes presented HLB symptoms, in relation to the asymptomatic genotypes. The Femminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 and Eureka IAC 644 genotypes had a higher incidence of MPC than the Lisboa IAC 267 genotype. The black spot severity in the Feminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 genotype was higher than the Eureka IAC 644 and Lisboa 267 genotypes. There was no difference. in the incidence and severity of warts among the three genotypes. Of the evaluated genotypes, Eureka IAC 644 and Femminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 showed higher HLB severity in relation to the Lisboa IAC 267 genotype. It is concluded that the fruits of the Eureka IAC 644, Lisboa IAC 267 and Femminello Sta Tereza IAC 272 genotypes with symptoms of HLB has lower mass, height, juice yield and oil yield compared to asymptomatic genotypes. The Lisboa IAC 267 genotype has higher tolerance to HLB compared to the other genotypes.
Aplicação de sensores eletroquímicos com (nano)materiais de carbono na área de Food Safety: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-08)
Silva, Ingrid Aparecida Félix da
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Ferreira, Luís Marcos Cerdeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6938778456306699
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Vicentini, Fernando Campanhã
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2380414092419355
Food safety and food security are extremely relevant concepts worldwide, so they are covered in three of the seventeen sustainable development goals of the United Nations (UN) and such concepts start from the human right to have access to healthy food, sufficient for survival and safe. The UN estimates alarming numbers of people who fall ill or die from contaminated food. Among the contaminations are those from pesticides due to intoxication due to acute exposure, intentional adulterations of foods that are carried out in order to increase productivity or even prevent the product from being discarded due to inadequacy to the standards established by legislation and deadline validity; food contaminated by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria, which can cause serious health consequences; and also the migration of components from packaging to food at undesirable levels. Having identified the health risks that these contaminants can generate, it is essential to have scientific techniques and methods as a means to guarantee the quality of what will be consumed. The use of electrochemical sensors modified with carbon (nano)materials has become a very promising approach in recent years due to their low cost, ease of handling and the possibility of performing on-site analysis. Carbon nanomaterials include carbon nanotubes, graphene, quantum dots, among others; are widely used in electrochemistry due to their excellent physicochemical properties such as chemical stability, mechanical strength and excellent electrical conductivity. In order to review the most recent electrochemical sensing techniques in the area of food safety using carbon (nano)materials, a review was carried out from academic works searched in databases using specific keywords and publication period so that it was possible to find articles that integrate the theme. It was noted that carbon nanomaterials have great potential in electrochemical sensing, in addition to showing compatibility with different types of inorganic materials such as metallic nanoparticles, phosphorene and zinc oxide, but also with organic materials and biomolecules such as polyaniline, aptamers and beeswax, highlighting the range of uses and possibilities of modification of working electrodes, leading to the development of increasingly sensitive methods that include the detection of a variety of contaminants found in the food production chain.
Custos no processo de refino do petróleo: um estudo de caso da refinaria Alberto Pasqualini (REFAP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-11)
Oliveira, Matheus Raposo Gonçalves de
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Queiroz, João Paulo Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7316247674511327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0632465014958748
Even with the growing demand for sustainable energy sources in recent decades, oil products continue to be the main fuels used in the world, also having several applications in various areas of industry. The oil refining process is very extensive in costs, with several operations that have the purpose of adapting the product to the necessary specifications in the market and having its profits fluctuating in a very volatile way, according to several factors that influence oil prices and its derivatives. This work aims to perform a study of the main costs involved in the oil refining process, analyzing the production units of a refinery, its main energy demands and operational expenses, thus being able to evaluate the impact that each production unit has on the fixed and variable costs within a plant. The study was carried out from available data from refineries in operation and cost research associated with the unit operations involved. From these costs and the prices of the commodities involved, which vary constantly, being traded on the stock exchanges, it was defined the refining margin of a Brazilian refinery, chosen as a model, in certain historical periods and was verified which production units had the greatest impact on costs. With the methodology used, it was possible to observe that the atmospheric distillation and catalytic cracking were the most expensive units, also finding the high impact that raw material costs had in the historical period, being the main costs of the studied refinery.
Definição de estratégias de vendas na indústria química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-11)
Oliveira, Leonardo Silveira
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Bernardo, André
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
n the chemical industry scenario, there is a high complexity in identifying competitive advantages for each company and, from that, defining the best sales strategy. This is due to the diversification of the sector, since there are subdivisions into smaller areas with specific characteristics. In view of this, it is important to analyze a set of definitions of these subdivisions and the practices used in the scenario that most collaborate with the development of an industry, thus understanding the entire sales strategy for each type of business, considering its particularities. and market trends. The objective of this work was to define the main sales strategies of the industry through a bibliographic review of materials related to the theme, with a critical, analytical and exploratory reading, under a qualitative approach of the selected materials. The starting point was the identification of different sectors within the chemical industry and their characteristics, making a survey of the main competitors of each one. From this, industry practices related to the implementation of improvements in the points highlighted as competitive advantages were raised and, finally, the main sales channels used by the chemical industry were raised.
Implementação de treinamento para padronização de normas de biossegurança no LaFaC, LaTecC e LaDABio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-11)
Piassi Filho, Marco Aurélio
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Horta, Antonio Carlos Luperni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5923938048634505
This work shows the current worldwide relationship with Biosafety protocols in Laboratories, presenting the main practices to guarantee a safer environment for handling living beings. The Department of Chemical Engineering at UFSCar currently has biotechnology laboratories that present microorganisms that require safe handling and, therefore, adequate training of users. Previous work by the group identified the main improvements that could be applied in the training offered to users of LaTecC, LaFaC and LaDABio, such as organization of access and standardization of training materials. In this context, Google applications were used to centralize training and control their execution for teachers and students who make use of these laboratories. For this, a policy was developed in which the recurrence of training, responsibilities, where to find the training and a menu to consolidate good practices for the use of laboratory space, which may even be used by other interested groups, are presented. The training consists of six modules and six assessments to assess user learning. The implementation in PoCA (Portal de Cursos Abertos - UFSCar) is a suggestion for future works related to the topic.