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Detecção de defeitos em tecidos através de redes neurais convolucionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03)
Souza, Lucas Candiani
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França, Celso Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3436620822478270
This work aims to apply transfer learning to a detector based on convolutional neural networks to identify defects and patterns through tissue images. With Industry 4.0, intelligent systems are increasingly being applied in an integrated way in production; therefore, the objective of this work is to develop a model to perform the automatic identification of fabric patterns and defects, since an effective detector applied in a production line can reduce costs and provide data on production in general. The dataset used was the ZJU-Leaper, the backbone used was from RetinanetR101 and for code execution several Python libraries were used, such as Pytorch, OpenCV and numpy, in addition to the Detectron2 API. The mAP (mean average precision) of the model developed, calculated for all classes (6 patterns and “defect”) in the validation set, is 92.4%.
Belo impossível: a construção da noção de beleza no pensamento de Sartre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03)
Hoste, Vinicius Xavier
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0730579414648794
Cette étude vise à aborder la notion de beauté dans la pensée de Jean-Paul Sartre. En effet, le penseur français ne lui ayant jamais donné une forme définitive, le Beau ne s’agit pas d’un concept fermé, mais il n’est pas non plus absurde de postuler son existence, puisque Sartre se réfère constamment à la beauté dans ses œuvres. Cela dit, nous voulons reprendre les différentes approches sartriennes sur le sujet, en cherchant à établir entre elles une cohérence qui nous permette de comprendre cette notion de beauté si fragmentaire. Pour cela, nous prendrons comme point de départ L’imaginaire, car en cette œuvre Sartre non seulement jette les bases de sa pensée sur l’art, mais montre aussi que la beauté est strictement liée à l’art, à l’irréel – ce qui implique encore dans une séparation entre l’objet beau et la réalité, et dans la constitution de la beauté comme une valeur irréelle-inexistante. Ensuite, il faudra approfondir ces questions et pour cela nous analyserons le roman La nausée. Cette œuvre met également en jeu la relation entre la beauté, imaginaire et la réalité, abordant à travers l’opposition constante entre la nausée et l’art, le contingent et le nécessaire, questions telles que l’esthétisation du réel et la conception de la beauté en tant qu’objet inexistant. En poursuivant ces réflexions, nous chercherons à approfondir le sens de la création artistique. Allons-nous donc nous baser sur quelques réflexions de Qu’est la littérature ?, en plus des textes biographiques – Mallarmé, Tintoret et Genet – et critiques – Masson, Wols, Lapoujade. Nous montrerons à travers ces textes ce qui est en jeu dans la création entreprise par l’artiste, nous indiquerons comment le sens imaginaire de l’œuvre se rapporte à sa matière réelle, à son contexte contingent, et aux savoirs, émotions et attentes de l’artiste. En fait, à partir de cela, la beauté ne sera pas comprise comme une signification objective, mais comme sens multiple, comme valeur irréalisable. Avec cela, nous essaierons de montrer que la beauté ne se donne pas comme une valeur positive, qui équivaudrait à la perfection, mais comme une valeur inaccessible et déclinable qui peut se révéler même dans le laid.
Traumas, sedução, sonhos e fantasia: o arcaico e a disposição à neurose em Sigmund Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03)
Fritz, Vinícius Fratta
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Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2300669271912378
In the text “A fantasia freudiana”, Luiz Roberto Monzani leads us through an investigation in which the place of the controversial 'fantasy'/phylogenetic hypothesis - contained in the text found by Ilse Grubrich-Simitis in the 1950s, entitled "Übersicht der Übertragungsneurosen", or “Transference neurosis: a synthesis” - is demonstrated through the examination of some specific texts from the work of Sigmund Freud. If one takes the commentator's statement that from his first writings to the end of his work, Freud maintains a certain etiological equation whose essence remains more or less the same, without denying the influence of external and internal factors, it seems crucial to consider the writings of 1890 to 1900, in order to reconstruct the nuances of the psychoanalyst's thought in order to assess how this hypothesis is directly related to Freud's initial scientific work, since it objectively attempts to respond to theoretical problems involved in the very creation of psychoanalysis, in the specific context of transition from the seduction theory to the fantasy theory, which took place in the last decade of the 19th century. The present study is a demonstration of the way in which the circumscription of psychoanalysis around its own objects also creates the theoretical condition for the phylogenetic hypothesis to be conceived later.
Caracterizações físico-químicas e de viabilidade celular de uma nova poliuretana à base de Policaprolactona-diol e Trimetileno Carbonato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03)
Gomes, Rodrigo Cesar
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Komatsu, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2620060426867863
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Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212
Among the polymers widely investigated as materials for tissue engineering, polyurethane is very prominent. The need for devices with certain mechanical properties combined with the ability to be biodegradable and bioresorbable has been motivating the scientific community to find new biomaterials. This study aimed to synthesize, characterize and analyze the biological viability of a polyurethane based on Polycaprolatone-diol (PCL-diol) and Trimethylene Carbonate (TMC). The synthesis combined the mechanical properties present in Polyurethane and PCL, with increased elasticity due to the use of TMC. The synthesis of the prepolymer occurred via bulk polymerization between PCL-diol and TMC with a 50/50 mass ratio, using the SnOct2 catalyst. The GPC analysis of the prepolymer showed the Mn, the Mw and the PI between, respectively, 8,173 and 8,727 g.mol-1, 13,898 and 15,399 g.mol-1, 1.68 and 1.83. The formation of poly(PCL-TMC)urethane occurred via solution polymerization between the prepolymer and HDI, using the solvent 1,2-dichloroethane and a 1 : 2 molar ratio (prepolymer / HDI). The synthesis of prepolymer and polyurethane was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR. Using ASTM D882-02, the material was subjected to a mechanical tensile test showing the following results, elongation of 983.03 ± 289.20%, elastic modulus of 2.62 ± 0.17 Mpa and maximum stress of 0.61 ± 0.09 Mpa, demonstrating the elastomeric property of the material. DSC and TG techniques thermally characterized the synthesized polymer. The melting temperature was not observed in the DSC curve, indicating that the copolymer is amorphous, and the Tg found was -39.00 ºC. TG showed Tonset and Td, respectively 269.00 ºC and 288.00 ºC. The average value of contact angle found of 88.00° ± 1.96° showed that the material does not exhibit high hydrophilicity. The rheology study demonstrated the pseudoplastic characteristic of polyurethane and a low complex viscosity. No mass loss was observed in in vitro degradation for 48 weeks. The biocompatibility essay showed a small decrease in the number of mesenchimal stem cells on the day 1 after cell culture, but after 7 days the cells showed growth and adhesion compatible with the controls. The results demonstrating potential of the material in applications where elastomeric properties are required such as meniscus prostheses, cardiac devices etc.
Efeitos de um curso de habilidades sociais e educativas para professores via (EaD) na prevenção e combate ao bullying
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-04)
Botura, Beatriz Jabor
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0998164701209837
The theoretical practical field of Social Skills is important not just only for academic development of the student, but also for your socioemotional development and prevention of externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. Among them, one that has been a matter of high concern in this century: bullying. Inserted in a replication of a distance course for teacher training, the present research aimed to evaluate the impact of the program and of one unity about bullying on the Social Skills and Social Educational Skills repertoire, your conceptions and practices of combat and prevention of bullying and on your perception of socioemotional development and academic competence of your students. Six Elementary School teachers were evaluated throughout the course, as well as six students each. The instruments used to assess the repertoire of these teachers were Social Educational Skills Inventory, Social Skills Inventory and a quiz about bullying. The Children’s Social Skills, Behavior Problems and Academic Competence Inventory were used to assess the students. Two types of analysis were made, qualitative and quantitative, the first being through the NVivo software and focused on specific data about bullying. As for the quantitative, parametric and non-parametric tests were performed and analyses with the JT method to access the participants’ social skills and social educational skills repertoires. The obtained results by the research showed statistically significant difference in the teacher’s performance in the social skills and social educational skills repertoire and knowledge about bullying and the JT method showed that for some participants these differences can be attributed to the intervention. Furthermore, it has been a significant impact of the academic competence of the evaluated students and in the factor 4 of the social skills indicator. These results demonstrate the importance of teacher training, aiming the socioemotional development of their students. Future researches with big samples and multimodal evaluations are suggested.
Associação de fatores ambientais na participação em casa de crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Down : estudo transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-04)
Fernandes, Gésica
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Brugnaro, Beatriz Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6802096350143438
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Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009
Introduction: Children and adolescents who have some type of disability, such as Down syndrome (DS), may be less involved in participating in daily activities, and contextual factors involve personal and environmental factors and environmental factors can be facilitators or barriers to functionality, thus favoring or restricting their participation. However, it is not known whether environmental factors are associated with restricted participation in children and adolescents with DS, in an assessment based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Objectives: To verify associations between participation at home and environmental factors in children/adolescents with DS and to verify whether environmental factors predict participation. Methods: Fifty-two children/adolescents with DS (mean age 9.12±4.31) were remotely evaluated regarding: i) participation at home (Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM and PEM-CY) - part participation); ii) environmental factors (environmental support for participation at home (YC-PEM and PEM-CY- part environment), social support perceived by the caregiver (Social Support Scale), caregiver education and family economic classification (ABEP), considering 5% significance Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were performed.Results: There was a weak correlation between the average involvement in participation with the support of the home environment (r= .275; p= .048). linear regression, there were significant results and the environmental variables together explained 5% of the outcome of frequency in participation at home, and 8.6% of the involvement in participation at home. In the outcome of involvement, only the last model with the variable of support from environment was significant, predicting 8.2% of participation.Conclusion: The supportive environment of the home is associated with greater involvement in participation at home, reinforcing the important role of the environment for the functionality of creating children/adolescents with DS.
Manejo de podridões em pós-colheita de atemoia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-05)
Oliveira, Larissa Vaz de
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Yamamoto, Robson Ryu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2781829944725891
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Jesus Junior, Waldir Cintra de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2614953467362376
Atemoya is a hybrid derived from cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill) and custard apple (Annona squamosa L.), classified as a climacteric fruit (in which the ripening process is maintained after harvest), which makes it very sensitive to post-harvest lesions and injuries. A number of factors can affect the production and quality of the atemoya, rotting has a determining role, causing major losses. Studies has been conducted in order to determine efficient strategies to increase shelf life of fruit. In this sense, use of a modified atmosphere, use of ethylene inhibitor and plastic films, irradiation, edible coatings and thermotherapy can be mentioned. This work had as main objective to present a literature review, as to present existing treatments used for post-harvest management of Atemoya.
Alterações na ingestão de líquidos em ratas ovariectomizadas alimentadas com dieta hiperlipídica com ou sem reposição de estrógeno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-05)
Varanda, Tais
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Colombari, Débora Simões de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684467594359403
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0455671940971406
In recent decades, obesity, a non-communicable disease, has become a worldwide epidemic. During obesity, reductions in water intake have been described in humans and animals. In addition to obesity, dehydration affects a portion of the Brazilian population, especially in times of warmer weather. Experimentally, dehydration can be induced by water deprivation (WD), which induces thirst, due to the activation of osmoreceptors and the action of ANG II on angiotensin II receptors type 1 (AT1) receptors in the central nervous system (CNS), and ingestion of hypertonic sodium solution, by the action of ANG II on AT1 receptors in the CNS. During menopause, disorders in the water and sodium intake are commonly observed, due to the absence of the hormone estrogen. Experimentally, estrogen treatment in ovariectomized (OVX) rats has been shown to be effective in reducing these changes. Thus, we were aimed to study the daily water and sodium intake in intact females, and in OVX rats lacking 17-β-estradiol (E2) or E2 replacement that were fed a high-fat diet. Possible changes in water and sodium intake induced by 24-hour PH were also studied. In order to study that, Holtzman females (260-300 g) were placed in individual cages, with free access to food, water, and 0.3 M NaCl solution. During one week daily water and sodium intake was registered, while all rats were kept intact and fed with SD, allowing the verification of basal intake values in these animals (baseline week). Last week, the rats underwent OVX or sham surgery (SHAM) and were fed either SD (11% calories from fat) or HFD (46% calories from fat) for 6 weeks. After 3 weeks of diet, part of the OVX rats received treatment with E2 (10μg/day/rat) for the next 4 weeks. Spontaneous ingestion of water and 0.3 M NaCl was recorded daily for 6 weeks, and body weight was assessed weekly. At the end of 6 weeks, for induction of thirst and sodium appetite, the WD-Partial Rehydration (PR) protocol was used. Briefly: the rats were maintained with only chow for 24 h and then, a water burette was offered for 2 h (PR – thirst test), and then an additional burette containing 0.3 M NaCl was offered for another 2 h (sodium appetite test). At the end of the experiments, the analysis of plasma values of insulin, leptin and E2 were performed, and visceral adipose tissue and uterus were collected and weighted. The main findings were: 1) HFD rats, compared to SD rats, had increased body weight gain, visceral adipose tissue and plasma leptin, and all these parameters were potentiated in HFD/OVX rats and reversed by E2 replacement (HFD/ OVX+E2); 2) A reduction in daily water intake was observed in HFD/SHAM or HFD/OVX rats, compared to SD rats with the same treatment, in HFD/OVX+E2 rats the values of spontaneous water intake returned to values similar to those observed at baseline; 3) spontaneous sodium intake was increased in HFD/SHAM rats when compared to SD/SHAM rats; 4) in HFD/OVX rats, E2 treatment (HFD/OVX+E2) restored the increased sodium intake; 5) Compared with SD/SHAM rats, HFD/SHAM rats ingested less water and more sodium when submitted to 24 h of WD; 6) In SD/OVX rats, there was a lower water intake induced by WD, which was not reversed by the E2 treatment; 7) OVX did not change the sodium intake induced by WD in SD rats, but with E2 treatment there was a reduction in sodium intake induced by WD, 8) On the other hand, water intake after WD in HFD/OVX rats was lower than in HFD/SHAM rats, as well as the sodium intake; 9) In HFD rats, E2 treatment restored both water and sodium intake. Therefore, while in SD rats E2 appears to have an inhibitory effect on sodium intake only during WD, in HFD rats the effect appears to be excitatory for both water and sodium intake in spontaneous or WD-induced ingestion.
Processos oxidativos avançados na produção de água de reúso a partir de efluente sanitário tratado: remoção de contaminantes emergentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-05)
Ferreira, Josilei da Silva
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Fadini, Pedro Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3255060531838427
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8297063619085509
ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES IN THE PRODUCTION OF REUSE WATER FROM TREATED SANITARY SEWAGE: REMOVAL OF CONTAMINANTS OF EMERGING CONCERN. One of the great global challenges nowadays is the maintenance of water supply conditions facing the densification of large population centers and the decline in the availability and quality of freshwater springs. This work focused to study strategies aiming the removal of molecules called contaminants of emerging concern. Investigations were carried out in a pilot system provided by steps such as photochemical oxidation, photoperoxidation and filtration through an activated carbon bed, continuosly fed by a MBR effluent, treating sewage. Preliminary bench studies pointed out great efficiency in the removal of the target compounds (carbamazepine, propranolol, atenolol, caffeine, diclofenac and ibuprofen), when in aqueous solution, using photoperoxidation process, reaching removals treatment greatest than 85% for caffeine and more than 95% for the other compounds. However, these studied compounds were resistant to photochemical oxidation, removing only diclofenac (100%), ibuprofen (64%) and propranolol (24%) and have shown resistance to peroxide oxidation, which did not promote the removal of any of the compounds. Despite promoting consistent oxidation, the photoperoxidation process led to the formation of by-products with potential toxicity when assessed by performing tests with lettuce seeds (L. Sativa). Studies carried out in the pilot system included the use of the activated carbon bed filtration process in addition to the processes pre-evaluated in the bench studies. The photolysis process, very similar to what was witnessed on the bench, was also able to remove diclofenac (100%) and, much less effectively, ibuprofen (9%). Oxidation by hydrogen peroxide and photoperoxidation occurred for all compounds in the order of 60.2 to 83.4%, and higher than 97% when filtered in an activated carbon bed.
Influência da textura superficial na indução de vibração por meio de fluxo de ar em sistema piezoelétrico de conversão de energia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-05)
Rodrigues, André Luis Gunes
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Franco, Vitor Ramos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4590258470207467
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9793420819693280
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems PZTEH are being used more and more, driven by the development of electronic components called ULP (Ultra Low Power) that demand low energy consumption. This provides the use of energy, previously considered lost. The analysis of vibrational systems with energy conversion by piezoelectric ceramics has been studied and new components developed. This is either in the direct scope of energy conversion with new actuator projects or in the study and development of energy converters, which may act directly with ceramics or their transducer derivatives, with the intention of amplifying the generated energy. Some publications indicate that the use of wind as an inductor or amplifier, in the gain of energy production in a cantilever system exposed to an air flow. Others verified that the physical design interference, analyzing this aerodynamic influence as flutter, galloping effect and vortex, contribute to the amplification of the amplitude of this vibration and, consequently, in the energy generation. The goal of this dissertation is to analyze experimentally and investigative the influence of surface texture on energy gain, by induction and interaction with the wind in a cantilever beam. The drilling of slots, circles holes and surface cavities (same slots and circles figures) will be evaluated in relation to this air interaction (generated turbulence) on the beam, forcing it to vibrate. A piezoelectric transducer, type buzzer (PZT - Titanate Zirconate Lead), will be rigidly attached near the base of the beam, working as an energy transducer. The results obtained showed that the textures applied to the surface of the beams influenced the mechanical properties and the energy generated by each beam. It was concluded that the cantilever beam with lower stiffness and damping is the best choice to be used with systems excited by wind for EH (energy harvesting) produce, and that the texture of surface can be an important factor to increase energy generation.
Interação dos sistemas histaminérgico e dopaminérgico cerebelar na modulação de funções motoras e não motoras em camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-06)
Guilherme, Evelyn Maria
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Gianlorenço, Anna Carolyna Lepesteur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3861050459671690
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6269689282970701
The interaction between neurotransmitters triggers several possibilities for synaptic integration. Evidence suggests that the cerebellum is involved in processing both motor and non-motor functions. However, the interaction between the cerebellar histaminergic and dopaminergic systems in the modulation of these functions is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of the cerebellar dopaminergic system in motor behavior and motor learning, and in the acquisition of aversive emotional memory in mice, as well as to investigate the interaction of the cerebellar histaminergic and dopaminergic systems in the same functions. For this, the animals received the implantation of a guide cannula into the cerebellar vermis through stereotaxic surgery. After recovery they underwent the drug microinjection procedure, with an administration of 0.1µl of the drug, depending on the experimental group in which they were allocated. To evaluate the motor performance and motor learning of the mice, the time spent on the Rota-rod and the crossing latency on the balance beam were measured in five steps (habituation, microinjection, stage 1, stage 2, stage 3). To assess the acquisition of emotional memory, the mice underwent the inhibitory avoidance test, and the time to cross from the light side to the dark side was measured at all exposures. After the end of the experiments, the animals received a deep dose of anesthesia, underwent cardiac perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde fixative in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and their brains were stored. Statistical analysis of behavioral data was performed by repeated measures analysis of variance. Tukey's post hoc test was used in case of significant differences in the analysis of variance. Intravermis cerebellar administration alone of Dopamine and SCH 23390 (D1 dopamine antagonist) had no effects on motor behavior, motor learning and emotional memory in this study. The microinjection of Eticlopride (D2 dopamine antagonist) had no effect on motor behavior and motor learning, but the highest dose improved the acquisition of emotional memory in the inhibitory avoidance task (p=0.01). The combined injection of Histamine and SCH23390 had no effect on emotional memory acquisition in inhibitory avoidance. However, animals that received this drug combination showed a significant decrease in performance and motor learning in rotarod (p=0.02), and a tendency to increase the balance beam crossing time (p=0.07). The combined injection of Histamine and Eticlopride had no effect on motor learning, but it improved the emotional memory acquisition in the inhibitory avoidance test in mice in this study (p=0.07). In this study, we identified that Histamine administration was able to potentiate the action of sub-effective doses of D1 and D2 dopaminergic antagonists in different experimental models, which strengthens the hypothesis of interaction of these systems in the processing of motor and non-motor functions. D1 receptors seem to be predominantly related to motor learning processes, while D2 receptors seem to be predominantly related to the processing of aversive memories.
A formação de professores de matemática para atender alunos com deficiência intelectual: uma análise dos microdados do censo escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-06)
Jungo, Brisa Gama
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Lozano, Daniele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775248941851933
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4067227463599442
The training of teachers in the inclusive perspective still proves to be challenging as the classroom presents a rich diversity, awakening to teachers the need to improve their training, both initial and continuing. The specificities demand from the teacher the recognition, acceptance and respect for the difference present in the school context as well as adequate preparation, aligning theory and pedagogical practice, for the development of effective methods in serving students with special educational needs and/or some type of disability, thus promoting not only access to these students in regular education, but ensuring quality education for all. In this sense, this work established an analysis of the training of mathematics teachers about Special Education from the perspective of Inclusive Education and, on the other hand, on the effective enrollment of Special Education students, based on the collection of information in the microdata of the school census, in the state of São Paulo in the years 2010, 2015 and 2020. Our analyzes were based on the assumptions of the Historical Cultural Theory that allows us to understand human development, on the Historical-Critical Pedagogy that allows us to establish relationships with the training and performance of teachers and on Historical and Dialectical Materialism that brought support for the apprehension of quantitative data in its material and historical context. We conclude that training, especially the initial one, must bring inputs to make the teaching and learning process in mathematics possible in an inclusive perspective, aligning pedagogical practice with scientific knowledge and that continuing education, in turn, must complement the initial and not supply possible flaws of this process. Furthermore, although historical changes in legislation are evident, it is urgent to review policies for inclusive education and teacher training, as well as breaking stigmatized perceptions about the role of teachers and the special education public.
Compostos orgânicos voláteis (VOCs): caracterização e alternativas de remediação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-09)
Martins, Gabriel de Freitas
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Urban, Roberta Cerasi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7313670290572985
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present in human daily life, which can be emitted biogenically or anthropically. These are compounds that under environmental conditions have high volatility, they have a boiling point of 50 - 100°C up to 250 - 260°C, some have carcinogenic potential, and most of them react with nitrogen oxides, producing carcinogenic compounds. Contamination/pollution of aquatic environments by VOCs occurs through industrial, domestic and even plantation waste. For the analysis of VOCs, the sample preparation step is very important, as it is necessary to have pre-concentration and sometimes isolation. There are several sample preparation techniques for VOC analysis, including solvent extraction, solid phase extraction, and HeadSpace transfer. Subsequently, the analyzes are usually performed by chromatography. The most widespread method of removing VOCs from the aquatic environment is the volatilization of them, which depends on several properties of each VOC. The most widely used technique is activated carbon removal, but for halogenated VOCs another technique is required, such as biodegradation. It is concluded that previously developed techniques for extraction, analysis and remediation of VOCs found in water are efficient, however, it is still necessary to study new methods of extraction, analysis and removal.
Escolarização do estudante com deficiência intelectual no contexto da educação profissional tecnológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-09)
Mendonça, Thálita Juliana Boni de
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Vilaronga, Carla Ariela Rios
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6536774151778096
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5025010005941998
The learning of students with intellectual disabilities (ID) and the favors for the schooling process is not a recent discussion, but it intensified from the 1990s, when a movement of guarantee and rights of an inclusive education was experienced in Brazil. In the face of an international and national movement, some laws and policies are published and along with that the search for ways in favor of the schooling of the target public students of Special Education in common schools. This movement brings an increase in enrollments of students with intellectual disabilities (ID) in secondary and higher education in common schools and in the context of technological professional training, especially after the implementation of the Quota Law in the Federal Education Network. With this movement, questions begin: How are the institutions of the Technological Professional Network organizing themselves to guarantee the permanence, participation and learning of students with ID? What accessibility services and resources are available and how have they been articulated to eliminate barriers? Thus, the objective established for this study was to analyze, together with education professionals, the resources, services and strategies for schooling students with Intellectual Disabilities in professional training. Specifically, to investigate the functioning and organization of the Federal Institutes for the schooling of students with Intellectual Disabilities, along with their permanence; to map the opinions and evaluations of professionals working in the technological educational context on how the attendance of students with Intellectual Disabilities should occur in the studied places. As a way to obtain these answers, this research was characterized as collaborative, which had as a first step the initial online survey questionnaires and as a second step the reflective sessions, which were six virtuais meetings with servers of the Federal Institutes and active teachers who have students with Intellectual Disabilities, in order to understand the characteristics of the technological professional schooling of the students in question. The study was based on six Brazilian Federal Institutes with the enrollment of 34 people. As resources, some participants pointed out that they have: the development of plans based on the IEP, which aim to glimpse the services available to promote the learning of students with ID; adapted and structured environments; curriculum adequacy; flexible working hours; assistance from monitors; ESA; research laboratory, pounds; universal designs; psychological care; social assistance; psychopedagogical services; and support from NAPNE. There is a need for a professional specialized in special education, which is still non-existent or scarce on some campuses. This, due to the lack of academic training and a lack of preparation in the performance of some employees. The notes were that professionals who dedicate their time to study on the topic related to the assistance to PAEE students are rare. One of the highlights seen through the present study was the view from some IFs active that students with ID cannot learn, that the IF is not local for these students, as it is a school of academic excellence. The data showed how much the participants are aware of the lack of role definition among professionals working in these places of technological professional education, as well as the discrepancy between legislation with international bases and practices, since the IEP, for example, does not is done completely as provided for in legal frameworks.
Using planktonic species as model organisms for understanding biological invasion dynamics in a changing world
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-10)
Macêdo, Rafael Lacerda
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Rocha, Odete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9353730575667651
The ability of species to become invasive (ie, species invasiveness) can be investigated through multiple approaches based on ecological and evolutionary characteristics associated with the ability of species to overcome a series of barriers and filters until proper invasion. Until now, formal attempts aiming to define plankton invasions based on niche and whether invasive plankton species reliably respond to environmental parameters are overlooked. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the correlation between the occurrence of invasive and potentially invasive species in plankton and environmental variables, including future climatic alterations, and habitat features. We applied species distribution models for the species and reconstructed the niche spaces occupied using different approaches and algorithms considering their invasion history and invasion processes. We tested the hypothesis of niche conservatism and predicted suitable areas for future invasions of non-native species: Ceratium furcoides (dinoflagellate), Moina macrocopa and Cercopagis pengoi (cladocerans). In addition, we described and modeled the global social-economic costs of planktonic invasive species using the most comprehensible database – the INVACOST. Notably, all models reliably supported our hypotheses allowing three main conclusions: (i) Niche shift was detected for one species C. furcoides, while niche unfilling was found for the M. macrocopa and C. pengoi, requiring further investigations on that species regarding evolutionary aspects favoring their expansion; (ii) Future environmental climate allow processes of expansion and colonization in highly disturbed environments such as hydroeletrical reservoirs and temporary ponds. (iii) Impact assessments needs improvement as both taxonomic and geographic gaps exist for the social economic costs of plankton invasions globally. Based on our findings, we strongly believe that these perspectives can contribute to increasing knowledge of the mechanisms that drive plankton invasions, to point the direction for which species and environments need more attention, and to rise novel hypotheses on the invasion processes of fast-evolving planktonic organisms.
Comportamento coordenado em ratos: efeitos da forma de distribuição do reforço entre indivíduos trabalhando em dupla
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-11)
Silva, Rafael Fernando da
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Carvalho, Lucas Couto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9598776043558008
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
The coordinated responding of pairs of rats that occur in close temporal proximity can be conceived as a unit of cooperation which has been shown to be modulated by reinforcement schedules, similar to individual responding. The central question of this study was whether coordinated responding can be maintained when the reinforcers that are dependent on coordination are alternately presented to one of two cooperating rats across cooperative episodes. For this, tandem schedules with two components of Fixed Interval (tandem FI FI) or Variable Interval (tandem VI VI) schedules were used, as the consequences of coordination were alternately provided across the two rats. Individual and mutual reinforcement contingencies were used as experimental controls. Coordinated responses were defined as a unit involving two responses, one of each cooperating member, occurring within an interval of 0.2 s of one another. Each coordinated response was followed by a LED light for an interval of 0.2 s in all experimental conditions. Individual response rates increased systematically throughout experimental sessions and conditions. Although the same schedules were used in all three conditions, the individual reinforcement contingency (in which one’s reinforcer did not depend on its patterning rat) resulted in a higher reinforcement rate. The alternating reinforcement condition maintained coordinated responding, but the rates and proportions of coordinated responses were lower than those observed under conditions in which reinforcement was delivered to the pair members at the same time. This study showed that simultaneity in the delivery of reinforcers to members of the cooperative episode can be a critical variable in the operant selection of coordinated responding in pair of rats.
Atribuição de palavras-chave na prática do autoarquivamento: estudo das diretrizes de repositórios de dados de pesquisa ibero-americanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-11)
Silva, Wendy Ketlen Pinto da
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Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8148773653687564
Research data repositories emerge as digital informational environments committed to the storage, management, access, and preservation of records from scientific research, increasingly stimulated by the development of Open Science. Despite the broad discussion involving research data, one wonders how the available guidelines support the author-indexer in filling in the subject metadata during the self-archiving process in research data repositories? Given this, the general objective of the research is to analyze the recommendations for the attribution of keywords by the author-indexer in guidelines of research data repositories of countries belonging to Ibero America that adopt self-archiving to contribute to the development of theoretical and operational studies dedicated to the subject metadata. Therefore, an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach is developed that combines bibliographic and documentary research. The latter is based on identifying and selecting repositories of Iberoamerican research data that adopt self-archiving, obtained from the Re3data tool. Twenty-six research data repositories were identified, whose guidelines and respective digital environments were analyzed using six indicators to construct analytical and comparative considerations. The results point to the lack of instructions for the attribution of keywords, even when the research data repositories have formalized guidelines, in addition to the lack of mention of the subject metadata and keywords, as well as clear instructions for the representation of the contents of the research data by the author-researcher. Most research data repositories recommend the use of documentary languages and validate the terms used by the authors-researchers. In conclusion, there is a worrying scenario regarding the attribution of keywords in self-archiving in Iberoamerican research data repositories, and complementary studies are opportune to propose guidelines regarding the subject metadata in these information systems.
Interação mãe-filho e funcionalidade de lactentes com risco para atraso no desenvolvimento no primeiro ano de vida: telecuidado em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-11)
Verdério, Bruna Nayara
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Santos, Mariana Martins dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8359338135003610
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Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009
Abstract: Contextual factors act directly on health and functionality conditions, especially in the current pandemic scenario caused by coronavirus 2 (COVID-19), since it has affected quality of life and personal interactions. Despite this, no studies were found that have verified barriers and facilitators for the quality of mother-child interaction during the current scenario. Objectives: 1) to identify contextual factors that may contribute to the quality of mother-child interaction in infants with and without biological risk, during social distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) to compare mother-child interaction between sexes and between age groups (3-6 months and 7-12 months). Methods: Infants aged three to 12 months, 42 with biological risk and 33 without biological risk, and their mothers were included. The assessments were performed from home videos recorded asynchronously, and mother-child interaction behaviors were based on the Parent-Child Early Relational Assessment (PCERA) instrument. Forms were sent to characterize the participants; about social distancing due to COVID-19; maternal depression and anxiety (DASS-21 scale); quality and quantity of resources in the home environment (Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development – infant scale AHEMD-IS); Socioeconomic level, through the Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP). The Stepwise multiple regression model was used to verify the association of contextual factors in the outcome variables. Shapiro-wilk test was used to verify data distribution and the Mann-Whitney test to compare the interaction between groups, sexes and age groups. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: There was a significant difference in maternal interaction between the age groups of the risk group, mothers interact better with infants younger than six months (p=0.04) and in the interaction between the risk and non-biological risk groups, in which the group without biological risk had higher interaction scores for all dimensions, mother, child and dyad (p=0.001). In addition, there was no difference in mother-child interaction and dyad between the sexes for both groups. For the mother interaction in the group at risk, only the variable age of the infant younger than 6 months was significant (β= −8,426; p=0.0461), while in the group without biological risk it was maternal schooling (β=5,861; p =0.0352) and the greater variety of AHEMD-IS stimulation (β=0.997; p=0.0112). For the interaction of the child in the risk group, only the breastfeeding variable was significant (β=10,996; p=0.0282), while for the group without biological risk, it was breastfeeding (β=9.168; p=0.0115), age over 6 months (β=7.961; p=0.0161) and maternal education level (β=6.259; p=0.0462). For the dyad interaction in the risk group, the significant variables were age younger than 6 months (β=−53,225; p=0.0019), older age in days of infants (β=23,196; p=0.0233) , male infants (β=23,196; p=0.0110) and older maternal age (β=2,077; p=0.0225), while breastfeeding (β=13,416; p=0) .0062), maternal education level (β=10,408; p=0.0167), amount of fine motor toys (β=1,942; p=0,0392) and amount of people interacting with the infant during the pandemic (β =3,589; p=0.0004). Conclusion: Contextual factors are only relevant to mother-child interaction when analyzed together. Despite the changes that the COVID-19 pandemic can cause, most families in both groups showed no environmental damage. Furthermore, it is seen that the quality of interaction is lower in the risk group, in which mothers interact better with younger infants.
Editoras universitárias brasileiras e livros em acesso aberto: publicação, modelos de negócio e políticas editoriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-11)
Amaral, Fatima Beatriz Manieiro do
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2906322889921375
Alligned with global trends in scientific and academic book publishing, Brazilian university presses are working to make a part of their e-books catalogue available in open access. The purpose of this research is to describe the operation of Brazilian University Presses regarding e-book publishing in open access. In total, 92 academic publishers related to Brazilian higher education and public research institutions were elected as participants in this research. In order to achieve the aforementioned objective, the methodology used was descriptive in nature, with data collection based on document search and analysis of the editorial policies available on the Brazilian university press websites. In addition, a survey was conducted to capture the opinions and experiences of these institutions regarding open access publishing. The results indicate that 94.6% of the participating presses publish in open access, exclusively or associated with the commercialization of books. The business models adopted to finance the publishing activities and the open publications were analyzed: subsidy model, cross-subsidies, grants, shared infrastructure, endowments, book processing charge, liberation, hybrid print model, delayed open access and library based publishing. The most recurring experience related to open access among the presses researched is the high number of downloads. Brazilian university presses realize that it would be good to expand the open access publishing currently available, however, this practice depends on the receipts of funds directed to these books and the expansion of the editorial teams involved, which are currently quite modest in size. Based on the literature reviewed on university presses, the universe of scientific books in open access, and also from the analysis of the results, some recommendations have been elaborated aiming to contribute to the increase in open access e-book publishing by Brazilian university presses, such as: experimentation of other business models, adoption of an adequate technological infrastructure to support open access and to obtain indicators of use and impact, and specially, to systematize the open access practices in its publishing policies. Brazilian university presses are important vehicles for scientific communication and they aggregate good reputation to themselves since they indicate trends and changes in the areas of knowledge, in addition to offering valuable publishing experiences for new authors, and also, they can be pedagogical and innovation spaces for publishing.
Obtenção de quitosana reticulada por processamento termomecânico para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-11)
Silva, Maria Conceição Ramos da Soledade Bezerra
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Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3430194314692902
The low processability of chitosan and the obtaining of materials with low structural stability constitute substantial limitations to the commercial use of chitosan, especially in biomedical applications. Furthermore, the need to neutralize chitosan as a biomaterial increases the inherent fragility of these materials. Thus, this thesis was developed to obtain chitosan-based materials with structural integrity in the swollen state and advantageous mechanical and physicochemical properties using a thermomechanical processing route. For this, the chemical crosslinking strategy with citric acid was adopted. The citric acid (CA), in three different concentrations, was evaluated as a destructuring agente and crosslinking agent and compared to material traditionally processed with acetic acid. The chemical structure, the destructuring capacity of chitosan powder, morphology, and physicochemical and mechanical properties indicated the occurrence of chemical crosslinking, decreased crystallinity, and increased physicochemical and mechanical properties with increasing CA content. Morphological analysis revealed never-before-seen structures related to the crosslinked material's mechanical properties. In addition, a neutralization route in a buffered medium was proposed, minimizing possible hydrolysis reactions in strongly alkaline media. The glycerol was reincorporated into the materials by immersion, and it was found that the absorbed content is proportional to the immersion time. The flexibility of the materials was recovered without damage to the mechanical strength, and the exudate retention capacity was defined for application as dressings in moderately exuding wounds. The drug release profile showed a controlled release capacity for eight days during the in vitro assay for tetracycline hydrochloride. The results suggest that a chitosan-based biomaterial can be obtained by thermomechanical processing with structural stability in the swollen state and that the neutralization and plasticization strategies effectively provide properties similar to the original materials.