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Traumas, sedução, sonhos e fantasia: o arcaico e a disposição à neurose em Sigmund Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03) Fritz, Vinícius Fratta; Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2300669271912378
In the text “A fantasia freudiana”, Luiz Roberto Monzani leads us through an investigation in which the place of the controversial 'fantasy'/phylogenetic hypothesis - contained in the text found by Ilse Grubrich-Simitis in the 1950s, entitled "Übersicht der Übertragungsneurosen", or “Transference neurosis: a synthesis” - is demonstrated through the examination of some specific texts from the work of Sigmund Freud. If one takes the commentator's statement that from his first writings to the end of his work, Freud maintains a certain etiological equation whose essence remains more or less the same, without denying the influence of external and internal factors, it seems crucial to consider the writings of 1890 to 1900, in order to reconstruct the nuances of the psychoanalyst's thought in order to assess how this hypothesis is directly related to Freud's initial scientific work, since it objectively attempts to respond to theoretical problems involved in the very creation of psychoanalysis, in the specific context of transition from the seduction theory to the fantasy theory, which took place in the last decade of the 19th century. The present study is a demonstration of the way in which the circumscription of psychoanalysis around its own objects also creates the theoretical condition for the phylogenetic hypothesis to be conceived later.
Belo impossível: a construção da noção de beleza no pensamento de Sartre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03) Hoste, Vinicius Xavier; Marques, Silene Torres; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0730579414648794
Cette étude vise à aborder la notion de beauté dans la pensée de Jean-Paul Sartre. En effet, le penseur français ne lui ayant jamais donné une forme définitive, le Beau ne s’agit pas d’un concept fermé, mais il n’est pas non plus absurde de postuler son existence, puisque Sartre se réfère constamment à la beauté dans ses œuvres. Cela dit, nous voulons reprendre les différentes approches sartriennes sur le sujet, en cherchant à établir entre elles une cohérence qui nous permette de comprendre cette notion de beauté si fragmentaire. Pour cela, nous prendrons comme point de départ L’imaginaire, car en cette œuvre Sartre non seulement jette les bases de sa pensée sur l’art, mais montre aussi que la beauté est strictement liée à l’art, à l’irréel – ce qui implique encore dans une séparation entre l’objet beau et la réalité, et dans la constitution de la beauté comme une valeur irréelle-inexistante. Ensuite, il faudra approfondir ces questions et pour cela nous analyserons le roman La nausée. Cette œuvre met également en jeu la relation entre la beauté, imaginaire et la réalité, abordant à travers l’opposition constante entre la nausée et l’art, le contingent et le nécessaire, questions telles que l’esthétisation du réel et la conception de la beauté en tant qu’objet inexistant. En poursuivant ces réflexions, nous chercherons à approfondir le sens de la création artistique. Allons-nous donc nous baser sur quelques réflexions de Qu’est la littérature ?, en plus des textes biographiques – Mallarmé, Tintoret et Genet – et critiques – Masson, Wols, Lapoujade. Nous montrerons à travers ces textes ce qui est en jeu dans la création entreprise par l’artiste, nous indiquerons comment le sens imaginaire de l’œuvre se rapporte à sa matière réelle, à son contexte contingent, et aux savoirs, émotions et attentes de l’artiste. En fait, à partir de cela, la beauté ne sera pas comprise comme une signification objective, mais comme sens multiple, comme valeur irréalisable. Avec cela, nous essaierons de montrer que la beauté ne se donne pas comme une valeur positive, qui équivaudrait à la perfection, mais comme une valeur inaccessible et déclinable qui peut se révéler même dans le laid.
Detecção de defeitos em tecidos através de redes neurais convolucionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03) Souza, Lucas Candiani; França, Celso Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3436620822478270
This work aims to apply transfer learning to a detector based on convolutional neural networks to identify defects and patterns through tissue images. With Industry 4.0, intelligent systems are increasingly being applied in an integrated way in production; therefore, the objective of this work is to develop a model to perform the automatic identification of fabric patterns and defects, since an effective detector applied in a production line can reduce costs and provide data on production in general. The dataset used was the ZJU-Leaper, the backbone used was from RetinanetR101 and for code execution several Python libraries were used, such as Pytorch, OpenCV and numpy, in addition to the Detectron2 API. The mAP (mean average precision) of the model developed, calculated for all classes (6 patterns and “defect”) in the validation set, is 92.4%.
Caracterizações físico-químicas e de viabilidade celular de uma nova poliuretana à base de Policaprolactona-diol e Trimetileno Carbonato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-03) Gomes, Rodrigo Cesar; Komatsu, Daniel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2620060426867863; Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9974151176548878
Among the polymers widely investigated as materials for tissue engineering, polyurethane is very prominent. The need for devices with certain mechanical properties combined with the ability to be biodegradable and bioresorbable has been motivating the scientific community to find new biomaterials. This study aimed to synthesize, characterize and analyze the biological viability of a polyurethane based on Polycaprolatone-diol (PCL-diol) and Trimethylene Carbonate (TMC). The synthesis combined the mechanical properties present in Polyurethane and PCL, with increased elasticity due to the use of TMC. The synthesis of the prepolymer occurred via bulk polymerization between PCL-diol and TMC with a 50/50 mass ratio, using the SnOct2 catalyst. The GPC analysis of the prepolymer showed the Mn, the Mw and the PI between, respectively, 8,173 and 8,727 g.mol-1, 13,898 and 15,399 g.mol-1, 1.68 and 1.83. The formation of poly(PCL-TMC)urethane occurred via solution polymerization between the prepolymer and HDI, using the solvent 1,2-dichloroethane and a 1 : 2 molar ratio (prepolymer / HDI). The synthesis of prepolymer and polyurethane was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR. Using ASTM D882-02, the material was subjected to a mechanical tensile test showing the following results, elongation of 983.03 ± 289.20%, elastic modulus of 2.62 ± 0.17 Mpa and maximum stress of 0.61 ± 0.09 Mpa, demonstrating the elastomeric property of the material. DSC and TG techniques thermally characterized the synthesized polymer. The melting temperature was not observed in the DSC curve, indicating that the copolymer is amorphous, and the Tg found was -39.00 ºC. TG showed Tonset and Td, respectively 269.00 ºC and 288.00 ºC. The average value of contact angle found of 88.00° ± 1.96° showed that the material does not exhibit high hydrophilicity. The rheology study demonstrated the pseudoplastic characteristic of polyurethane and a low complex viscosity. No mass loss was observed in in vitro degradation for 48 weeks. The biocompatibility essay showed a small decrease in the number of mesenchimal stem cells on the day 1 after cell culture, but after 7 days the cells showed growth and adhesion compatible with the controls. The results demonstrating potential of the material in applications where elastomeric properties are required such as meniscus prostheses, cardiac devices etc.