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“How do you see your life now?” a photo-elicitation study focused on depression and social skills in adolescence
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-23) Trombeta, Gabriela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5875147172625110; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-1239
Previous studies have reported associations between low levels of social skills and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in adolescents. Although substantial quantitative research has been carried out on this association, there have been few qualitative investigations into this topic. This study explores the association of depression symptoms and social skills repertoires in adolescence qualitatively, using photo-elicitation. Eight Brazilian adolescents were divided into two groups considering the presence or absence of depression symptoms, gender and socio-economic conditions. Participants were asked to take six pictures regarding a specific question. Individual interviews about their images were conducted. Visual and textual data were analysed using Thematic Analysis and four guidance questions. Socially skilled behaviours were associated with adolescents' perceived support and considered a protective factor for depression during stressful life events. Relationships with parents and new school colleagues were the primary sources of social skills challenges. Parents’ lack of social skills seemed to be associated with adolescents’ low social skills repertories. Hobbies were found to facilitate adolescents’ engagement in social interactions. The study extends our knowledge of how adolescents experience the association of depression and social skills in their daily lives, contributing to inform adolescents' and parents' social skills training focused on decreasing adolescents’ depression symptoms. Limitations and implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Tirando máscaras: considerações sobre vontade de saber e vontade de verdade em Foucault
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-23) Nascimento, Gláucia Silva do; Stival, Monica Loyola; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0624149613819754; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2541737522124926
Cette recherche porte sur une investigation des concepts de volonté de savoir et de volonté de vérité chez Foucault, dans ses études du début des années 70. La volonté de savoir prend différentes formes, si l'on observe différents moments historiques. En philosophie, Foucault l'identifie à partir de modèles; il développe ainsi un modèle aristotélicien, et, d'autre part, nous présente le modèle nietzschéen de la volonté de savoir. Dans le premier, nous avons une implication entre le désir de savoir, la connaissance et la vérité qui reposent sur un sujet de connaissance ; dans le second, on a une dé-simplification de ces instances, une « tentative de libérer le désir de savoir de la forme et de la loi de la connaissance » (FOUCAULT, 2014, p. 23). De tels modèles constituent une première approximation de cette volonté. Pour faire une « morphologie de la volonté de savoir », Foucault (2014, p. 178), parcourt d'autres champs du savoir à la recherche d'exemples dans les pratiques judiciaires, dans celles-ci, il repère une volonté de savoir « anonyme, polymorphe » qui s'éleve à une volonté de vérité; volonté qui cherche la vérité. On voit apparaître ce type de volonté lorsqu'il analyse les rapports entre savoir et pouvoir dans la société grecque. Nous comprenons que Foucault exploite un cadre conceptuel qui implique les thèmes: de la vérité, de la connaissance, du savoir, du pouvoir et du discours, dans cette période. Dans le développement de cette thèse, nous avons exploré ce cadre. L'élément de vérité acquiert une importance particulière le long de cette voie, car il permet la formation de systèmes d'exclusion; Dans l'analyse de la vérité, le recours à Nietzsche permet à Foucault d'effectuer un double déplacement : démembrer la vérité du savoir, et la volonté de vérité, pour construire une histoire de la volonté de savoir et de la vérité à partir d'un autre fondement, qui n'a plus le sujet par référence ou volonté par faculté.
Xylella fastidiosa em oliveiras (Olea europaea): distribuição na planta, transmissão vertical e diagnose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-05-23) Santos, Beatriz de Nadai Gasparini; Coletta-Filho, Helvécio Della; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8783964270386788; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9382277239881678
As consequence of the recent occurrence of the disease known as Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS), caused by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca (Xf-p), in olive trees (Olea europaea) there is a lack of scientific information about the biology of this pathogen in olive trees that can help to understand this pathogen and support discussions about management strategies. From these numerous gaps in the practical knowledge of this pathogen, this work has as objectives: 1. to evaluate the occurrence of vertical transmission of the bacterium; 2. to determine the distribution of Xf-p in plants with different degrees of severity; and 3. to establish a low-cost diagnostic method with the possibility of execution "in farm". Olive branches taken from an asymptomatic plant, but infected with Xf-p, were propagated in a greenhouse and the resulting seedlings were analyzed for the presence of the pathogen by real-time quantitative PCR (q-PCR). The estimated vertical transmission rate at 32 months was 57.74% (41 of 71 nursery plants) and only one plant of the 28 Xf-p-infected (0.014%) showed symptoms of OQDS. To achieve the second objective, samples from 3 plants of the cultivar 'Grapollo' showing low OQDS severity (only one branch with symptoms) and one with symptoms generalized throughout the canopy (high severity) were collected at different positions in the canopy and root system and analyzed for the presence of Xf-p by qPCR. Even under conditions of low ORDS severity positive diagnoses for Xf-p were obtained between 30% and 57% of the samples collected on asymptomatic branches, while on symptomatic branches 77% of the samples were positive. On the other hand, in plants with high incidence of OQDS 82 to 100% of samples were positive. Finally, the diagnostic method based on printing of branch extracts on nitrocellulose membranes and identification of Xf-p by serology (Tissue-Print: TP - objective 3) showed promise, but with needs for improvement since the agreement of the results between TP and qPCR techniques was only slightly partial (K = 0.01 to 0.20) according to the Cohen-Kappa index.