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Poder econômico e extraeconômico do agro latifundiário no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-24)
Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
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Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite
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Cunha, Sebastião Ferreira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420
A questão agrária brasileira é marcada pela subordinação da agricultura à lógica do capital, com sua tendência à concentração da propriedade da terra e dos meios de produção. Nas décadas mais recentes, a hegemonia do agronegócio no rural brasileiro alterou padrões anteriores de acumulação de capital, todavia, nossa hipótese é que o poder econômico e extraeconômico do agro latifundiário no país é um elemento estrutural e estruturante da (e na) questão agrária brasileira, notadamente pelas imbricações que se estabelecem, pacífica ou coercitivamente, entre economia e política. Dito isso, o objetivo desse artigo é evidenciar que, mesmo passível de alterações na aparência, o agro latifundiário brasileiro mantém, dialeticamente sua essência no processo de acumulação ampliada de capital, por meio de sua capacidade – legal ou não – de apropriação privada e concentrada da terra e de fundos públicos. Configura-se assim, como buscamos demonstrar ao longo do trabalho, uma dinâmica que, mesmo apresentada como síntese da modernidade, se sustenta pela força econômica, política e coercitiva que a propriedade da terra confere a uma determinada fração da classe dominante.
Equações diferenciais estocásticas e as estratégias de hedging no mercado de opções
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-24)
Souza, Matheus de Oliveira
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Ferreira, Ricardo Felipe
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2355076087945221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3018901874811436
The Stochastic Differential Equation models (SDEs) assume an important role in finances. The major part of these models try to help the investors with the risk management of the financial activities and they use SDEs for describing the evaluation of certain variables such as the price and the volatility of assets. In this sense, one of our goals for this dissertation is to study how the financial market works, with special attention to option price and hedging strategies. The second goal is to show the mathematical modeling process with SDEs and, then, explore the models as Black - Scholes - Merton and it version with many assets. Finally, we conclude by presenting applications in real data and some possibilities to extend the option price models.
Modeling survival data based on a reparameterized weighted Lindley distribution
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-24)
Mota, Alex Leal
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
In this work, we propose different statistical modeling for survival data based on a reparameterized weighted Lindley distribution. Initially, we present this distribution and study its mathematical properties, maximum likelihood estimation, and numerical simulations. Then, we propose a novel frailty model by using the reparameterized weighted Lindley distribution for modeling unobserved heterogeneity in univariate survival data. The frailty is introduced multiplicatively on the baseline hazard function. We obtain unconditional survival and hazard functions through the Laplace transform function of the frailty distribution. We assume hazard functions of the Weibull and Gompertz distributions as the baseline hazard functions and use the maximum likelihood method for estimating the resulting model parameters. Simulation studies are further performed to verify the behavior of maximum likelihood estimators under different proportions of right-censoring and to assess the performance of the likelihood ratio test to detect unobserved heterogeneity in different sample sizes. Also, we propose a frailty long-term model where the frailties are described by reparameterized weighted Lindley distribution. An advantage of the proposed model is to jointly model the heterogeneity among patients by their frailties and the presence of a cured fraction of them. We assume that the unknown number of competing causes that can influence the survival time follows a negative binomial distribution and that the time for the $k$-th competing cause to produce the event of interest follows the reparameterized weighted Lindley frailty model with Weibull baseline distribution. Some special cases of the model are presented. The cure fraction is modeled by using the logit link function. Again, we use the maximum likelihood method under random right-censoring to estimate the proposed model parameters. Further, we present a Monte Carlo simulation study to verify the maximum likelihood estimators' behavior assuming different sample sizes and censoring proportions. Finally, we extend the non-proportional generalized time-dependent logistic regression model by incorporating reparameterized weighted Lindley frailties. This proposed modeling has several important characteristics, such as non-proportional hazards, identifies the presence of long-term survivors without the addition of new parameters, captures the unobserved heterogeneity, allows the intersection of survival curves, and allows decreasing or unimodal hazard function. Again, parameter estimation is performed using the maximum likelihood method. Monte Carlo simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the asymptotic properties of the estimators as well as some properties of the model. The potentiality of all the proposed models is analyzed by employing real datasets and model comparisons are performed.
Política de Educação Especial em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19 (2020)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-24)
Alves, Suelen Priscila Ferreira
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Orlando, Rosimeire Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5173339231276121
During 2020, with the recommendations of social isolation, Emergency Remote Teaching was accepted as a possibility for the continuity of the school year. In this direction, the Federal Government, Ministry of Education and the National Council of Education and Private Institutions released documents to guide and provide educational guidelines for this period. Focusing on Special Education policies in Brazil, this research has the general objective of analyzing Special Education policies in Brazil in the face of changes justified by the COVID-19 (2020) pandemic. And specific objectives: a. To analyze the social, political and economic context of Brazil in times of the COVID-19 pandemic; B. Characterize the proposed changes to special education in the investigated period; C. Expose the arguments for formulating consensus presented by groups that dispute Special Education policies in Brazil. Given this reality, the main question of this research is: what are the proposed changes to the Special Education policy, justified by the validity of the COVID-19 pandemic? This research supported by Dialectic Historical Materialism has document analysis as its methodological procedure. Data collection was carried out on the website of the Ministries of Education, National Council of Education, Todos Pela Educação and Instituto Rodrigo Mendes. The official documents were saved in folders and the drill down was described in a Word document. The Iramuteq software was used to support data processing. A discourse analysis was carried out through the category of Integral State from Antonio Gramsci. The following documents were analyzed: Opinion CNE/CP nº 5/2020; Opinion CNE/CP No. 11/2020; Opinion CNE/CP No. 15/2020; Opinion CNE/CP No. 16/2020; Decree No. 10,502; Protocols on inclusive education during the COVID-19 pandemic: an overflight through 23 countries and international organizations; Technical note: the return to face-to-face classes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; Technical note: distance learning in basic education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the analysis point to the expansion of the possibilities of privatization of Special Education, expansion of Distance Education, involvement of private hegemony devices and companies in the formulation of policies, proposal for training teachers for socio-emotional skills and hybrid teaching, proposal for reduced education activities and far from a perspective of humanization, expansion of school inequality and exclusion of students with disabilities. The results showed that the policies proposed for Special Education in this period of 2020, this pandemic, do not innovate in relation to what was already proposed, however, it deepens historical relationships in the area such as the privatization and segregation of students served by this policy. Conditions that point to the need to fight for public schools.
Conselho Municipal de Educação de Ibiúna/SP: gestão democrática em perspectivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-24)
Giordano, Daniele Xavier Ferreira
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Lima, Paulo Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3790089961770068
The objective of the research was to analyze the process of democratic management in the Municipal Council of Ibiúna/SP from the perspective of its councilors regarding decentralization, autonomy and participation in decision-making. The methodological approach was guided by a qualitative approach of an exploratory nature and organized by documental and field research. We used the bibliographic survey on the subject in the context of the State of Knowledge among articles and books printed from the following open access platforms: a) bank of theses and dissertations of the Higher Education Personnel Coordination (CAPES); b) CAPES periodicals; c) Annals of Education Policies and Management in Brazil whose theme was the Municipal Education Councils of the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba; and d) Open access journals relevant to the topic. In the field of documentary research, the analysis of federal, state and municipal legislation was carried out, and as for the Municipal Council of Education of Ibiúna/SP, the internal regulations and minutes of the meetings of the Municipal Council of Education of Ibiúna-SP were analyzed, whose period cut was from 2015-2019, as it is a five-year period from the implementation of the Municipal Education Plan (2015-2025). For the purpose of data collection, the following documents were used: 1. Characterization script of the respondent, which addressed issues relevant to the personal data of the interviewees, as well as their training and representation in the CME-Ibiúna/SP; 2. Preliminary survey script for CME-Ibiúna/SP, which contextualized specific information about the body in question, such as its organization and functioning; 3. Semi-structured script of interviews directed to the councilors of the CME-Ibiúna/SP, in number of three, whose selection criteria were councilors who worked in the last five years and who followed the construction of the Municipal Education Plan of that municipality. To analyze the minutes of meetings and speech of the interviewees, the content analysis of Bardin (2011) was used. The research in its entirety made it possible to infer that, although the CME-Ibiúna/SP is active and its members show care, commitment and proactivity in relation to meeting the local educational demand, democratic management is still in its infancy and the benchmarks of quality in education, decentralization, autonomy and participation need more dialogue.
Geotecnologias aplicadas à avaliação de indicadores ambientais e de desigualdade social na cidade de São Carlos – SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-24)
Camacho, Vitor Augusto Luizari
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Moschini, Luiz Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2728357583462262
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8699544780403735
The rapid urban expansion of Brazilian cities has modified the natural landscape, altering the environmental conditions and generating social inequalities. The present research has as its starting point the relationship between social and environmental conditions in the urban space of São Carlos - SP, whose objective is to analyze the socio-environmental problems, such as floods, heat islands, deficiency of vegetation cover and irregular waste disposal and verify its relationships with patterns of social inequality. Using cartography and geotechnological tools, multiple indicators were mapped and synthesized into a social exclusion index. The theoretical methodological framework was the theory of urban space production, so the scale of work is the urban perimeter, where these processes are evidenced. To make the cartographies, techniques of digital image processing (DIP), remote sensing, and georeferencing of indicators and other bases were used in a geographic information system in the QGIS software. Through the cartographic products and spatial analysis it was possible to state that there is a spatial relationship between the inequality index and the environmental indicators. It was also possible to point out mitigation measures for the impacts caused by the problems in the urban space of São Carlos. From the results of this research, it is intended to demonstrate potential for replicability in other cities and scales, as well as to subsidize the formulation of public policies and environmental and urban planning, serving managers, decision-makers and social organizations.
A institucionalização de interesses organizados na agenda do Estado no Brasil e na Argentina em perspectiva comparada: o caso do futebol (1930-2020)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-25)
Nascimento, Jefferson Ferreira do
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Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7094829662221404
The objective of this thesis was to verify how the process of political institutionalization of organized soccer interests in Brazil and Argentina took place, based on historical neo-institutionalism and the path dependence. For this, we carried out bibliographic and documentary analysis on the period 1930-2020 using the Comparative Process Tracing (CPT) method. The information was organized in critical junctures and focal points, and the analysis was carried out intra-cases and between-cases. For Brazil, we conducted semi-structured interviews with former deputy Silvio Torres and journalist Juca Kfouri. The limitations imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic made it impossible to contact Argentine politicians and journalists for interviews. The interviews allowed greater detail and comparison of the image produced by the research with the impressions of qualified observers of the analyzed phenomenon, but they do not support inferences and conclusions in isolation. We argue that an institutionalization process initiated before the party system raises the costs of breaking the trajectory, tending to institutional changes by layering. As a result, we identified that the set of football entities was configured as an informal political institution in both countries. The entry of organized football interests into the state agenda is related to the crisis of liberalism. However, there are specificities: the dispute between Brazilian soccer managers and the labor mobilization of the Argentine players provoked conflicts considered deleterious. The Argentine concentric arrangement potentiated the effects of the context of the Buenos Aires metropolitan region, bringing the influence of urban conflicts to soccer matters; the Brazilian polycentric arrangement shifted conflicts to intra-elite disputes. Thus, the entry of the State on the scene occurs at the same time, under different justifications and generated consequences that are still present today: the relative importance of championships and regional classics in Brazil; the mobilization capacity of Argentine players and the concentration of the main clubs in Buenos Aires and surroundings. Another distinctive point is the institutional design: Federalism institutes intergovernmental relations that, together with the party system's ability to channel demands, impact the way interests are organized and inserted into the political system. In Brazil, this resulted in strategies for acting in the Legislature in the post-redemocratization period – see the formation of the “bancada da bola”. In Argentina, interests depend on the participation of provincial leaders and action on the Federal Executive.
Impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 da gestão de resíduos recicláveis nos municípios de Belo Horizonte (MG), Curitiba (PR) e São Paulo (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-26)
Protásio, Júlia Ramos
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Ventura, Katia Sakihama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3936696960780426
The spread of Covid-19 has limited the maintenance and development of various activities in the world. The population's participation in segregation and recycling in the recyclable solid waste sector is essential to promote conscious consumption, environmental preservation and income for recyclable collectors, especially in times of crisis. However, with the pandemic, this sector was directly impacted by the total or partial suspension of its activities, or by the influence on the amount of materials received and marketed. The general objective was to identify the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the management of recyclable solid waste, between March 2020 and March 2022, in the municipalities of Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais), Curitiba (Paraná) and São Paulo ( State of Sao Paulo). The methodology used in this research consisted of a bibliographic and documentary review on the subject, selection of case study objects, identification and systematization of recommendations to assess the quality of recyclable waste management, and their application in case studies. Among the results, it was possible to identify 20 recommendations, organized in the management groups of Planning, Socio-educational Actions and Management. The evaluation of the observations, based on the Likert scale (1, 3, 5), totaled indicators with scores from 20 to 100. The cities of São Paulo and Belo Horizonte reached 92 points, and Curitiba with 82 points. In the Planning axis, the initiatives with the greatest variation between capitals were those directly related to recyclable waste pickers, with São Paulo meeting all the recommendations. In the Socio-Educational Actions group, the only initiative not attended by Curitiba and São Paulo was the cleaning of Recyclable Waste after collection by the collectors. In the Management group, it was noticed that the capitals met most of the initiatives. The main conclusions were: the lack of a tool to evaluate the management of RRS in pandemic events, the existence of 3 municipalities that can serve as an experience to direct public policies in this sense, and the need for other public administrators to pay attention to the new adaptations of management of essential services in a pandemic situation.
Dopagem e formação de heterojunções como estratégias para o melhoramento da propriedade fotocatalítica de Ag3PO4
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-27)
Trench, Aline Barrios
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Longo, Elson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5844795823690460
In recent years, the growing technological and industrial activities in sectors such as pharmaceuticals and textiles have shown side effects on the environment and human health. Such effects are related to the generation of harmful waste and its inappropriate disposal to the environment, mainly aquatic, directly impacting human and animal health. Among several processes for the treatment of these residues, heterogeneous photocatalysis has been considered an effective method for this purpose. With this, the search for new materials and the improvement of the properties of photocatalysts have grown abruptly. Due to its intrinsic photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic compounds, silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) has been widely researched in order to improve its properties for the treatment of contaminated effluents. The formation of heterojunctions between semiconductors and also their doping have been shown to be efficient in improving the photocatalytic activity of Ag3PO4 for the degradation of dyes and drugs. Thus, this study had as main objective the modification of Ag3PO4 through doping with tungsten (W) and separately, through the formation of heterojunction with silver tungstate (α-Ag2WO4). In both works, the materials were synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method and as main results, the doping of W in the Ag3PO4 structure caused the formation of disordered [AgO4], [PO4], and [WO4] clusters, which generate intermediate energy levels in the band gap region. These levels delay the electron-hole pair recombination process, resulting in an improvement in the photocatalytic performance of doped materials for the degradation of Rhodamine B dye, Cephalexin antibiotic, and Imidacloprid pesticide, under visible light irradiation. In addition, the presence of W in Ag3PO4 showed a 16-fold increase in bactericidal performance against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. For the formation of heterojunction, it was observed that the material containing 24 wt% of α-Ag2WO4 showed superior photocatalytic activity for the degradation of Rhodamine B dye compared to the separated materials. Based on the reduction potentials of the valence and conduction bands of α-Ag2WO4 and Ag3PO4, obtained experimentally by the Mulliken electronegativity method, a type I heterojunction charge transfer mechanism was proposed for these materials. In addition, the formation of metallic silver nanoparticles at the semiconductors interface was observed, acting as a bridge and increasing the transfer and separation of charges between the semiconductors. Thus, in this study it was possible to obtain photocatalyst materials and improve the photocatalytic properties of Ag3PO4 through doping with W and the formation of heterojunction with α-Ag2WO4.
A natureza e a criança: uma relação essencial para o desenvolvimento infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-27)
Vellozo, Letícia Munhoz
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Alves, Fernando Donizete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812723309905378
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5663159381076383
This research addresses the theme of environments and natural elements as one of the structuring axes of educational practice in early childhood education and the teaching and learning process of children, and aims, through participant observation, to show how children appropriate these environments and elements in daily life and school practices. This research intends to answer the question: Understand which environments and natural elements are part of a kindergarten school in São Carlos and how they are explored by children and by the educational practice present in the school routine. In order to do so, it sought in theoretical references, contributions from authors who discuss the importance of nature in early childhood education, as well as Brazilian documents for this type of education that reinforce outdoor experiences, both references maintain that environments and natural elements are fundamental, among other things, for the development of creativity, imagination and ecological awareness. In addition, considering that the child's main activity is play, as well as its creative re-elaboration, being in natural environments and enjoying its elements expands the possibilities of play and creation, stimulating curiosity, inspiring new discoveries and developing different ways of thinking. So, this research with a qualitative approach sought, through participant observation, to collect data in an early childhood school in São Carlos, in the interior of São Paulo, with children aged four and five. The insertions were for two hours a day for 18 days at different times of the school routine and the data were organized into observation journals and photographs. It is worth noting that the research took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, so there were some complications during the collection. The data were analyzed according to the Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2016) and divided into three categories: Fauna and flora of the school environment, Elements of nature (water, earth, air and fire) and Natural elements (sticks, stones, seeds, leaves, etc.). However, when the school environment is thought collectively and allows the child to have contact with the external environment, it provides opportunities for experiences, challenges, curiosity, creativity and autonomy, in addition, this contact with nature allows the child to relate, be enchanted and become aware of caring for the Earth, awakening ecological awareness and the formation of more conscious and responsible adults.
Microestrutura e propriedades mecânicas da liga Al7SiMg contaminada com 2,8%Fe e processada por fusão seletiva a laser
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28)
Pereira, Leandro Henrique
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
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Botta Filho, Walter José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956458007749112
The solidification kinetics imposed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) leads the microstructure of the manufactured metallic components to present intrinsic characteristics such as: microstructural and phase refinement, elements in solid solution and columnar grains. The columnar grains formation during solidification can lead to hot cracking, as occur in the majority aluminum alloys, except for hypoeutectic alloys Al-10Si-0.6Mg, and Al-7Si-0.7Mg (%wt), which are commercial alloys widely used in SLM processes. Iron contamination occurs on a large scale in aluminum alloys and causes the formation of undesirable intermetallic phases, restricting the processing of these alloys. Therefore, the aluminum alloy Al-7Si-0.7Mg (%wt) was used as feedstock in this study, which 2.8 %wt of Fe was added. It is widely known in the literature that Fe has low solubility limit in aluminum matrix, and its presence must be carefully controlled. Iron content higher than solubility limit in AlSi alloys contribute to the formation of AlSiFe intermetallics with platelet-like morphology, which are responsible for degradation of mechanical properties. The Al-7Si-0.7Mg-2.8Fe alloy was obtained by Conventional Casting (CC), and processed by gas atomization and SLM. This study showed that the SLM processes is able to mitigate the deleterious effects caused by Fe-rich intermetallics on the mechanical properties of the Al-7Si-0.7Mg-2.8Fe alloy. Providing microstructural refinement, and rounding of AlFeSi phases and silicon particles, and appreciable amount of Si and Mg in solid solution, the alloy processed by SLM achieved excellent mechanical properties compared to the conventional casting alloy, and equivalents compared to Al-7Si-0.7Mg alloys with commercial composition present in the literature without iron contamination. The study opens up the possibility of expanding the use of primary aluminum alloys that suffer iron contamination, representing a new high added-value recycling route.
Obtenção de poliploides in vivo e in vitro de Brassolaeliocattleya
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28)
Vilcherrez Atoche, Joe Abdul
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Mondin, Mateus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6229715042794538
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Cardoso, Jean Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3681181863704059
Cattleya is one of the genera of tropical orchids with great importance for the flower market due to the size and color of its flowers. However, problems such as its long vegetative and juvenile period, as well as the short shelf life of its flowers, make it difficult for its commercial insertion, when compared to other orchid genera of greater commercial importance. The artificial induction of polyploids can result in the incorporation of agronomic and ornamental characteristics of interest in Cattleya hybrids, such as Brassolaeliocattleya. Colchicine is the most commonly used alkaloid to generate polyploidy in plants due to its antimitotic properties, but at the same time it produces phytotoxic effects on plant material, requiring specific studies for different plant genotypes. Thus, the present work aimed to develop an efficient protocol for the production of polyploid plants from the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle "LC" having as factors the types of explants, concentrations and exposure times to colchicine. In addition, we also studied the effects of colchicine exposure on different types of explants in Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle "LC" progeny. Colchicine produced several effects on the in vitro development of seeds, protocorms and seedlings of the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC”, where the different responses of explants to the alkaloid depended on concentrations, exposure times and interactions between both factors. Seeds, protocorms and seedlings of the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” resulted in a polyploidization efficiency of 3.21%; 13.46% and 22.08%, respectively, analyzed by flow cytometry. Regarding the frequencies of polyploidy in seeds, the treatments 6 h/0.08%, 18 h/0.04% and 18 h/0.06% had polyploidy frequencies of 13%, 25% and 25% respectively. For the protocorms, treatments 6 h/0.04% and 18 h/0.08% resulted in the highest frequencies of polyploids of 46% and 44%, respectively. For seedlings, treatments 6 h/0.04%, 12 h/0.04%, 24 h/0.02% and 24 h/0.08% generated frequencies equal to or greater than 50%. Chromosomal analysis estimates showed that Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty and Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” and the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle "LC" had 70 chromosomes, while the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” polyploidized had 140 chromosomes. According to the results, colchicine had effects on the in vitro development and growth of seeds, protocorms and seedlings of the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” and allowed the production of polyploidized plants.
Expansão e evasão na universidade federal do estado de São Paulo: uma análise sobre o Reuni
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28)
Fachinetti, Tamiris Aparecida
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Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6277142566302784
The literature shows the expansion of Brazilian Higher Education, specifically in federal universities, with the implementation of the Support Program for Federal University Restructuring and Expansion Plans - Reuni. This expansion promoted changes in economic and social aspects; in addition to some questions about the conditions of physical infrastructure and personnel that may imply the dimension of teaching quality. Thus, the theme of this research is inserted in the studies on the expansion of Brazilian public higher education, in order to analyze the evolution of Reuni in the context of dropouts in undergraduate courses at the Federal University of São Paulo, to verify the effectiveness of this federal policy in relation to the access and permanence of students in the Higher Education. By the qualitative and quantitative approach, with a theoretical basis in a critical approach to expansion, to the productive restructuring process, as well as to capital appreciation, the policy was problematized by the analysis of its implementation; calculating dropout rates at the university from 2006 to 2018; aiming to discuss the permanence in the institution. It is, therefore, a documentary research in which institutional and national documents and statistical data on dropout were selected and analyzed. Through Vincent Tinto's contributions as a theoretical foundation for dropout and permanence, university permanence policies and student maintenance actions were identified in the Reuni period, as well as continuing with the maintenance of the policies after the program has ended. Preliminary results indicate that Reuni's management assumptions were already under development in the expansion before 2007, since neoliberal expansion project to universities proposed by the government started at the institution in 2005. The investigation identified that since that date the investigated university has expanded significantly from one to five campi, but such expansion brought weaknesses in their articulation, such as intellectual segregation. In relation to dropout, quantitative surveys showed an increase in the number of dropout students. Between 2006 and 2011, the university reached the program guidelines, keeping its average rate below 10%, but as of the year 2012, rates have increased, not reaching 10%. With the conclusion of Reuni, the numbers of vacancy expansion and dropouts have not decreased, thus, it was found that the public university is discontinuous and financially unstable, which ends up damaging the entire structure that permeates the permanence of the undergraduate student. The analyzes also verified that the expansion made it possible to access the popular classes that previously did not have so many conditions to enter the undergraduate level, the offer of education in places that did not offer this modality increased, and the number of jobs, mainly for the class of professors and researchers. The results should contribute to broaden the discussion and propose debates on a topic of political and social relevance, that can contribute to a critical review of the organization, essence and the meanings of the transformations that have been taking place in Brazilian Undergraduate Education after a period of expansion.
Desenvolvimento, caracterização e desempenho de novos eletrodos para dispositivos eletromecânicos baseados em nanocompósitos elastoméricos condutores tratados por plasma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28)
Barbosa, Rafael
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Cruz, Sandra Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9632409046763256
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
Ionomeric polymer-metal composites (IPMC) are devices generally composed of metallic electrodes and an ionomeric polymer membrane in a “sandwich-like” format, whose main property is the electromechanical actuation or sensing due to ions movement. Metal electrodes are used for their high electrical conductivity and malleability. However, the high cost of the material, long manufacturing time, and fatigue failure limit its application both economically and in durability. In this sense, the replacement of metallic electrodes with conductive elastomer nanocomposites was evaluated to reduce the costs and complexity of device manufacturing and increase its operating life. Two processing routes were used to prepare the synthetic and natural polyisoprene elastomers, one with subsequent homogenization by a two-roll mill and the other by casting. The dispersion of the conductive fillers (carbon nanotubes and carbon black) was carried out in rubber latex assisted by surfactants and ultrasound. The prepared nanocomposites showed high electrical conductivity as well as strain and solvent sensing capacities. To improve the adhesion between the elastomers and the membrane (Nafion®), the plasma treatment with atmospheric air was evaluated as a surface modifier. This treatment improved the hydrophilicity and the adhesion work of the rubbers with the formation of oxygenated groups and an increase in nano-roughness. However, in Nafion an adverse effect of side chains breakage occurred, impairing its ionic transport capacity. In this way, ionomeric polymer-polymer composites (IPPC) were prepared using untreated Nafion and plasma-modified elastomers, this type of electrode being unprecedented in the literature. These devices presented displacement and trajectory sensing capacity at levels close to the conventional IPMC in all frequency ranges and applied accelerations, highlighting that at low frequencies the IPPC obtained better results than the control.
Relação entre a autopercepção da habilidade de contração e a função da musculatura do assoalho pélvico de mulheres jovens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28)
Zanello, Sara Campana
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Silva, Jordana Barbosa da
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lattes.cnpq.br/6419640145149798
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Driusso, Patricia
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lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063
The objective of this project is to correlate the self-perception of the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) ability of contraction with results of the physical exam evaluation of the PFM in young women. About 43 women, aged between 18 and 35 years, will participate. For the data collection, two semi-structured questionnaires will be elaborated and one evaluator will carry out a physical evaluation. The questionnaires will be used to evaluate the socio demographic characteristics, gynecological and sexual history and the self-perception about the ability contraction of the PFM. The physical evaluation will consist of bi digital vaginal palpation and PERFECT scheme for graduation of the PFM function, based on the Oxford Modified Scale. The results will be described in average and standard deviation, and the normality of the data will be performed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For parametric correlations, the Pearson test will be used. In case of non-parametric data, the Spearman correlation test will be performed. For both analyzes, the significance level of p will be set at <0.05. The magnitude of the correlations will be classified according to the value of r, where r<0.1=trivial; between 0.1-0.29=small; 0.30-0.49=moderate; 0.50-0.69=high; 0.70-0.90=very high and r>0.90=almost perfect.
Estudo químico de Erythricium salmonicolor, sua interação com a bactéria Xanthomonas citri e síntese de complexos antimicrobianos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28)
Pinto, Luciano da Silva
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-817X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428195715289956
CHEMICAL STUDY OF Erythricium salmonicolor, ITS INTERACTION WITH THE BACTERIA Xanthomonas citri AND SYNTHESIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPLEXES. The search for bioactive natural products has been increasingly important in the world scenario of disease control, whether pathogens or phytopathogens. The microorganisms that plague Brazilian cultures have developed resistance mechanisms in the face of many chemical controls, requiring a constant search for alternatives to overcome these challenges. Thus, understanding how these organisms develop in nature in their pathogenicity process with their host plants has been a successful approach in the development of prototypes of new antimicrobials. In this work, the chemical study of the fungus Erythricium salmonicolor was carried out by techniques such as CC, HPLC-DAD, HPLC-UV and the characterization of the chemical composition using the UPLC-HRMS MS/MS and RMN-1D and 2D techniques that resulted in substances 1- 34. In addition, the study of the growth curve of this fungus in PDA medium was carried out, analyzing the extracts by GC-MS and organizing the information with the aid of PCA analysis (Principal Component Analysis) and it was possible to verify that the ideal period for the microorganism was cultured for nine days and substances from these extracts 44-60 were identified in comparison with the spectra deposited in the NIST library with the book Adams. Also, to determine the biotechnological potential of the fungus, it was submitted to the study of biotransformation of the substrate rutin in a poor medium (Czapek) which yielded the biotransformation product 21. Finally, the complexation of the ligands rutin, naringin and vanillic acid with metals copper II, zinc II and iron II, which are characterized by NMR-1D, 2D and mass spectrometry, in addition to being subjected to the inhibitory concentration test (MIC) against the bacterium Xanthomonas citri where it was found that the complex of naringin with zinc was the most active having a MIC of ~200 µM.
Gerenciamento de projetos de extensão universitária: um estudo de caso do Núcleo Ouroboros de Divulgação Científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28)
Patracão, Sandra Mierro
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Carvalho, Angela Maria Carneiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3860073481051842
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0586339912723543
The university extension has an essential role in articulating the university and society. Through extension, academics put into practice what they have learned in the classroom, while people in society benefit from this learning. Extension actions take place through programs, projects, and university extension activities. In this context, the present work proposed to observe the practice of the projects of the University Extension Program “Núcleo Ouroboros de Divulgação Científica” of the Federal Univsrsity of São Carlos, Campus São Carlos, linked to the Departament of Chemistry, with the objective of identifying possible difficulties that envolve its execution. Research with a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive approach, where the case study strategy was used. Data was collected through documental research, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with coordinators and the Ouroboros work team. The results of the analysis showed lapses in the procedures for processing projects whitin the scope of UFSCar, proved the academic and social relevance of university extension and indicated the lack of physical, financial, and human resources as the main difficulties for carrying out the extension projects of the Núcleo Ouroboros de Divulgação Científica, in particular.
Avaliação do processo de produção de colorante natural vermelho pelo fungo endofítico Talaromyces minnesotensis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-29)
Sousa, Marina Del Bianco
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Baptista Neto, Álvaro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3135081161167616
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018
The growing incentive and awareness regarding the consumption and use of more sustainable proposals, biocolorants from filamentous fungi are presented as a promising alternative to synthetic colorants. These biocompounds are less harmful to living beings and the environment, presenting greater stability and biotechnological potential compared to other natural sources. In this context, this thesis aimed to characterize the red biocolorant synthesized by the endophytic fungus Talaromyces minnesotensis, as well as to evaluate the biocolorant production process in shaken flasks and in conventional bioreactors, aiming the improvement of the bioprocess. Initially, the endophytic fungus T. minnesotensis was phenotypically characterized by assays carried out in different solid media. Then, its potential for biocolorant production was verified through submerged cultures in shaken flasks. The synthesized biocolorant was characterized by means of fluorescence, cytotoxicity (MTT and MIC), stability, and applicability assays. The characterization and application tests showed that the biocolorant has activity against human hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2) at concentrations above 5.0 g L-1, while for pathogenic bacteria and yeasts the concentration must be higher than 50.0 g L-1. In addition, the bioproduct showed high stability at neutral pH values (6 to 8) and at low temperatures (10 to 20°C). Expressive coloring potential of the red biocolorant produced in different matrices such as detergent, gelatin, enamel, paint, and fabrics, was also verified, which indicates the feasibility of a more in-depth study of the bioprocess to improve and increase its production. Thus, a factorial design (22 +3PC) was performed, aiming to evaluate the influence of three combinations of impellers of different geometries under different conditions of agitation frequency (400-800 rpm) and specific air supply flow rate (0, 5-1.5 vvm) on the production of biocolorant in a conventional bioreactor. The results were analyzed based on the Global Desirability (DG) in terms of the main response variables of performance, production, and productivity of biocolorant. It was shown that the configuration composed of two elephant ear impellers (EEDP-EEUP) operated at 600 rpm and 1.0 vvm was the most favorable to the bioprocess, obtaining a production of 45.30 AU. By correlations assessment, it was verified that the hydrodynamic properties tended to present greater relevance to the performance of the bioprocess compared to the oxygen transfer properties. In order to evaluate the performance of the bioprocess on a larger scale, an exploratory study was carried out to scale up the bioprocess from 4 to 10 L bioreactor, in which a satisfactory result was obtained by reaching an equal production for both scales. Finally, in order to improve the production of biocolorant, the use of the fed-batch mode in shaken flasks and in a conventional bioreactor was evaluated. The production in these assays reached expressive results for both scales: a maximum production of the order of 86.0 AU in shaken flasks, and maximum production ranged from 80 to 238% in relation to the conventional batch for bioreactors. Regarding this last, the increase of production depended on the feeding conditions (FCSF), reaching a maximum production of approximately 153.0 AU in the most favorable condition at a feeding flow rate of 0.01 L h-1 (F) and a substrate concentration of 60 gS L-1 (CSF). These results proved the fact the bioprocess production of colorant by the endophytic fungus T. minnesotensis has a high potential for future studies aiming for its implementation at pilot and industrial scales.
Desenvolvimento de um protótipo para uso de dados não estruturados em sistema de medição de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-29)
Assandre, Junior Aparecido
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Martins, Roberto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
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Oprime, Pedro Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908
Given the potential that big data can bring to organizations with the use of the large amount of unstructured data generated quickly in different formats and sources, and the scarcity of empirical research to validate its impacts and opportunities for performance measurement systems (SMD). The main objective of this thesis was to develop an SMD prototype using deep learning and big data analytics (BDA) techniques for collecting, storing and analyzing unstructured data. Among the different formats of unstructured data, video images were used, due to their great availability. As a way to present the cognitive process of the design and construction of the SMD prototype in a functional state and thus create generalizable knowledge for this class of problem, the design science research (DSR) research method was used. During the prototype development process, it was possible to identify convergences between the MDS development phases and the phases to be followed to put a big data project into operation. The analysis of these convergences together with the learning acquired in the prototype development process, highlighted the most relevant points in this type of project. The research results indicated the importance of a support infrastructure for the use of unstructured data by the SMD and the even greater dependence on the area of information technology and computer science. The results also showed that, by providing the creation of performance measures and advanced analysis of unstructured data, previously unfeasible, BDA, deep learning and computer vision techniques positively influence the validity, reliability and timeliness of this resource, as well as its level. aggregation and costs. Thus, the main contribution of the thesis was to generate relevant, practical and prescriptive knowledge for the use of unstructured data from videos in SMDs, in order to contribute to their improvement and adaptation.
Por uma linguística (mais) popular: a construção do gênero neutro como dissidência linguística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-29)
Gomes, Robert Moura Sena
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Costa, Julia Lourenço
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5592296124389416
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
With the effervescence of social movements, the understanding that a language is also a place where the identity of a collectivity is anchored has made it also an object of struggle. With the advent and intensification of the use of the internet, and markedly of online social networks, new forms of organization of socially underprivileged groups (indigenous community, women, blacks, LGBTQIAPN+, and people with disabilities, for example) have become more evident. Regarding the use of gender-neutral as a form of recognition and representation of the LGBTQIAPN+ community in social spaces, including the language itself, it was found that there is linguistic dissidence - a concept proposed in this dissertation - as a possibility of subversion, in this case, of the linguistic system. As a consequence, several linguists and popular linguists have also positioned themselves in a plural and diverse way about the discursive procedures that act in the relationship or not between the grammatical category of gender and gender identities. The analyzed texts were written by professional linguists (scientific knowledge) and by non-linguists (popular knowledge) starting from the hypothesis, which was approached and proven, that it is in the continuum between the scientific and the popular that there are disagreements and agreements, both concerning the validation of the knowledge of popular linguists, as concerning the proposals raised for the (re)formulation of the linguistic aspect as a marker of gender in the Portuguese language of Brazil. To this end, we are guided by the studies developed by Folk/Popular Linguistics (ALBURY, 2017; MURILLO, 2008; PAVEAU, 2007; 2018; 2021; PRESTON, 1993; 1994), which proposes that the knowledge of non-linguists is important and must be observed and integrated into scientific studies, as well as in the proposals of Discourse Analysis (FOUCAULT, 2014).