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Obtenção de poliploides in vivo e in vitro de Brassolaeliocattleya
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28) Vilcherrez Atoche, Joe Abdul; Mondin, Mateus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6229715042794538; Cardoso, Jean Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3681181863704059; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6700865775832950
Cattleya is one of the genera of tropical orchids with great importance for the flower market due to the size and color of its flowers. However, problems such as its long vegetative and juvenile period, as well as the short shelf life of its flowers, make it difficult for its commercial insertion, when compared to other orchid genera of greater commercial importance. The artificial induction of polyploids can result in the incorporation of agronomic and ornamental characteristics of interest in Cattleya hybrids, such as Brassolaeliocattleya. Colchicine is the most commonly used alkaloid to generate polyploidy in plants due to its antimitotic properties, but at the same time it produces phytotoxic effects on plant material, requiring specific studies for different plant genotypes. Thus, the present work aimed to develop an efficient protocol for the production of polyploid plants from the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle "LC" having as factors the types of explants, concentrations and exposure times to colchicine. In addition, we also studied the effects of colchicine exposure on different types of explants in Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle "LC" progeny. Colchicine produced several effects on the in vitro development of seeds, protocorms and seedlings of the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC”, where the different responses of explants to the alkaloid depended on concentrations, exposure times and interactions between both factors. Seeds, protocorms and seedlings of the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” resulted in a polyploidization efficiency of 3.21%; 13.46% and 22.08%, respectively, analyzed by flow cytometry. Regarding the frequencies of polyploidy in seeds, the treatments 6 h/0.08%, 18 h/0.04% and 18 h/0.06% had polyploidy frequencies of 13%, 25% and 25% respectively. For the protocorms, treatments 6 h/0.04% and 18 h/0.08% resulted in the highest frequencies of polyploids of 46% and 44%, respectively. For seedlings, treatments 6 h/0.04%, 12 h/0.04%, 24 h/0.02% and 24 h/0.08% generated frequencies equal to or greater than 50%. Chromosomal analysis estimates showed that Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty and Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” and the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle "LC" had 70 chromosomes, while the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” polyploidized had 140 chromosomes. According to the results, colchicine had effects on the in vitro development and growth of seeds, protocorms and seedlings of the progeny of Blc. Haw Yuan Beauty x Blc. Goldenzelle “LC” and allowed the production of polyploidized plants.
Microestrutura e propriedades mecânicas da liga Al7SiMg contaminada com 2,8%Fe e processada por fusão seletiva a laser
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28) Pereira, Leandro Henrique; Bolfarini, Claudemiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037; Botta Filho, Walter José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956458007749112; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1420586030063798
The solidification kinetics imposed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) leads the microstructure of the manufactured metallic components to present intrinsic characteristics such as: microstructural and phase refinement, elements in solid solution and columnar grains. The columnar grains formation during solidification can lead to hot cracking, as occur in the majority aluminum alloys, except for hypoeutectic alloys Al-10Si-0.6Mg, and Al-7Si-0.7Mg (%wt), which are commercial alloys widely used in SLM processes. Iron contamination occurs on a large scale in aluminum alloys and causes the formation of undesirable intermetallic phases, restricting the processing of these alloys. Therefore, the aluminum alloy Al-7Si-0.7Mg (%wt) was used as feedstock in this study, which 2.8 %wt of Fe was added. It is widely known in the literature that Fe has low solubility limit in aluminum matrix, and its presence must be carefully controlled. Iron content higher than solubility limit in AlSi alloys contribute to the formation of AlSiFe intermetallics with platelet-like morphology, which are responsible for degradation of mechanical properties. The Al-7Si-0.7Mg-2.8Fe alloy was obtained by Conventional Casting (CC), and processed by gas atomization and SLM. This study showed that the SLM processes is able to mitigate the deleterious effects caused by Fe-rich intermetallics on the mechanical properties of the Al-7Si-0.7Mg-2.8Fe alloy. Providing microstructural refinement, and rounding of AlFeSi phases and silicon particles, and appreciable amount of Si and Mg in solid solution, the alloy processed by SLM achieved excellent mechanical properties compared to the conventional casting alloy, and equivalents compared to Al-7Si-0.7Mg alloys with commercial composition present in the literature without iron contamination. The study opens up the possibility of expanding the use of primary aluminum alloys that suffer iron contamination, representing a new high added-value recycling route.
Expansão e evasão na universidade federal do estado de São Paulo: uma análise sobre o Reuni
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28) Fachinetti, Tamiris Aparecida; Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6277142566302784
The literature shows the expansion of Brazilian Higher Education, specifically in federal universities, with the implementation of the Support Program for Federal University Restructuring and Expansion Plans - Reuni. This expansion promoted changes in economic and social aspects; in addition to some questions about the conditions of physical infrastructure and personnel that may imply the dimension of teaching quality. Thus, the theme of this research is inserted in the studies on the expansion of Brazilian public higher education, in order to analyze the evolution of Reuni in the context of dropouts in undergraduate courses at the Federal University of São Paulo, to verify the effectiveness of this federal policy in relation to the access and permanence of students in the Higher Education. By the qualitative and quantitative approach, with a theoretical basis in a critical approach to expansion, to the productive restructuring process, as well as to capital appreciation, the policy was problematized by the analysis of its implementation; calculating dropout rates at the university from 2006 to 2018; aiming to discuss the permanence in the institution. It is, therefore, a documentary research in which institutional and national documents and statistical data on dropout were selected and analyzed. Through Vincent Tinto's contributions as a theoretical foundation for dropout and permanence, university permanence policies and student maintenance actions were identified in the Reuni period, as well as continuing with the maintenance of the policies after the program has ended. Preliminary results indicate that Reuni's management assumptions were already under development in the expansion before 2007, since neoliberal expansion project to universities proposed by the government started at the institution in 2005. The investigation identified that since that date the investigated university has expanded significantly from one to five campi, but such expansion brought weaknesses in their articulation, such as intellectual segregation. In relation to dropout, quantitative surveys showed an increase in the number of dropout students. Between 2006 and 2011, the university reached the program guidelines, keeping its average rate below 10%, but as of the year 2012, rates have increased, not reaching 10%. With the conclusion of Reuni, the numbers of vacancy expansion and dropouts have not decreased, thus, it was found that the public university is discontinuous and financially unstable, which ends up damaging the entire structure that permeates the permanence of the undergraduate student. The analyzes also verified that the expansion made it possible to access the popular classes that previously did not have so many conditions to enter the undergraduate level, the offer of education in places that did not offer this modality increased, and the number of jobs, mainly for the class of professors and researchers. The results should contribute to broaden the discussion and propose debates on a topic of political and social relevance, that can contribute to a critical review of the organization, essence and the meanings of the transformations that have been taking place in Brazilian Undergraduate Education after a period of expansion.
Relação entre a autopercepção da habilidade de contração e a função da musculatura do assoalho pélvico de mulheres jovens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28) Zanello, Sara Campana; Silva, Jordana Barbosa da; lattes.cnpq.br/6419640145149798; Driusso, Patricia; lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; lattes.cnpq.br/6601109315630157
The objective of this project is to correlate the self-perception of the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) ability of contraction with results of the physical exam evaluation of the PFM in young women. About 43 women, aged between 18 and 35 years, will participate. For the data collection, two semi-structured questionnaires will be elaborated and one evaluator will carry out a physical evaluation. The questionnaires will be used to evaluate the socio demographic characteristics, gynecological and sexual history and the self-perception about the ability contraction of the PFM. The physical evaluation will consist of bi digital vaginal palpation and PERFECT scheme for graduation of the PFM function, based on the Oxford Modified Scale. The results will be described in average and standard deviation, and the normality of the data will be performed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For parametric correlations, the Pearson test will be used. In case of non-parametric data, the Spearman correlation test will be performed. For both analyzes, the significance level of p will be set at <0.05. The magnitude of the correlations will be classified according to the value of r, where r<0.1=trivial; between 0.1-0.29=small; 0.30-0.49=moderate; 0.50-0.69=high; 0.70-0.90=very high and r>0.90=almost perfect.
Desenvolvimento, caracterização e desempenho de novos eletrodos para dispositivos eletromecânicos baseados em nanocompósitos elastoméricos condutores tratados por plasma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28) Barbosa, Rafael; Cruz, Sandra Andrea; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9632409046763256; Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2477977102127336
Ionomeric polymer-metal composites (IPMC) are devices generally composed of metallic electrodes and an ionomeric polymer membrane in a “sandwich-like” format, whose main property is the electromechanical actuation or sensing due to ions movement. Metal electrodes are used for their high electrical conductivity and malleability. However, the high cost of the material, long manufacturing time, and fatigue failure limit its application both economically and in durability. In this sense, the replacement of metallic electrodes with conductive elastomer nanocomposites was evaluated to reduce the costs and complexity of device manufacturing and increase its operating life. Two processing routes were used to prepare the synthetic and natural polyisoprene elastomers, one with subsequent homogenization by a two-roll mill and the other by casting. The dispersion of the conductive fillers (carbon nanotubes and carbon black) was carried out in rubber latex assisted by surfactants and ultrasound. The prepared nanocomposites showed high electrical conductivity as well as strain and solvent sensing capacities. To improve the adhesion between the elastomers and the membrane (Nafion®), the plasma treatment with atmospheric air was evaluated as a surface modifier. This treatment improved the hydrophilicity and the adhesion work of the rubbers with the formation of oxygenated groups and an increase in nano-roughness. However, in Nafion an adverse effect of side chains breakage occurred, impairing its ionic transport capacity. In this way, ionomeric polymer-polymer composites (IPPC) were prepared using untreated Nafion and plasma-modified elastomers, this type of electrode being unprecedented in the literature. These devices presented displacement and trajectory sensing capacity at levels close to the conventional IPMC in all frequency ranges and applied accelerations, highlighting that at low frequencies the IPPC obtained better results than the control.
Gerenciamento de projetos de extensão universitária: um estudo de caso do Núcleo Ouroboros de Divulgação Científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28) Patracão, Sandra Mierro; Carvalho, Angela Maria Carneiro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3860073481051842; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0586339912723543
The university extension has an essential role in articulating the university and society. Through extension, academics put into practice what they have learned in the classroom, while people in society benefit from this learning. Extension actions take place through programs, projects, and university extension activities. In this context, the present work proposed to observe the practice of the projects of the University Extension Program “Núcleo Ouroboros de Divulgação Científica” of the Federal Univsrsity of São Carlos, Campus São Carlos, linked to the Departament of Chemistry, with the objective of identifying possible difficulties that envolve its execution. Research with a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive approach, where the case study strategy was used. Data was collected through documental research, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with coordinators and the Ouroboros work team. The results of the analysis showed lapses in the procedures for processing projects whitin the scope of UFSCar, proved the academic and social relevance of university extension and indicated the lack of physical, financial, and human resources as the main difficulties for carrying out the extension projects of the Núcleo Ouroboros de Divulgação Científica, in particular.
Estudo químico de Erythricium salmonicolor, sua interação com a bactéria Xanthomonas citri e síntese de complexos antimicrobianos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-06-28) Pinto, Luciano da Silva; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-817X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428195715289956; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5362-2423
CHEMICAL STUDY OF Erythricium salmonicolor, ITS INTERACTION WITH THE BACTERIA Xanthomonas citri AND SYNTHESIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPLEXES. The search for bioactive natural products has been increasingly important in the world scenario of disease control, whether pathogens or phytopathogens. The microorganisms that plague Brazilian cultures have developed resistance mechanisms in the face of many chemical controls, requiring a constant search for alternatives to overcome these challenges. Thus, understanding how these organisms develop in nature in their pathogenicity process with their host plants has been a successful approach in the development of prototypes of new antimicrobials. In this work, the chemical study of the fungus Erythricium salmonicolor was carried out by techniques such as CC, HPLC-DAD, HPLC-UV and the characterization of the chemical composition using the UPLC-HRMS MS/MS and RMN-1D and 2D techniques that resulted in substances 1- 34. In addition, the study of the growth curve of this fungus in PDA medium was carried out, analyzing the extracts by GC-MS and organizing the information with the aid of PCA analysis (Principal Component Analysis) and it was possible to verify that the ideal period for the microorganism was cultured for nine days and substances from these extracts 44-60 were identified in comparison with the spectra deposited in the NIST library with the book Adams. Also, to determine the biotechnological potential of the fungus, it was submitted to the study of biotransformation of the substrate rutin in a poor medium (Czapek) which yielded the biotransformation product 21. Finally, the complexation of the ligands rutin, naringin and vanillic acid with metals copper II, zinc II and iron II, which are characterized by NMR-1D, 2D and mass spectrometry, in addition to being subjected to the inhibitory concentration test (MIC) against the bacterium Xanthomonas citri where it was found that the complex of naringin with zinc was the most active having a MIC of ~200 µM.