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Obtenção e aplicação de fotoanodos baseados em TiO2 com adição de nitretos de carbono polimérico do tipo poli(heptazina imida)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Blaskievicz, Sirlon Francisco; Mascaro, Lucia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6566599925552839
In this work, poly(heptazine imide) carbon nitrides containing metals single atom in the ionic form were evaluated alone and in the combination with TiO2. Initially, a percentage of 2.5% of the nickel-containing material (Ni-PHI) was added to a commercial TiO2 paste and applied to methanol oxidation under solar-simulated radiation and UV light. On a 30-layer film and under UV radiation, the TiO2-Ni-PHI sample obtained a photocurrent response of 11 mA cm-2. The performance improvement with Ni-PHI is probably due to the formation of a heterojunction between TiO2 and PHI, while nickel sites act through a cocatalysis process. In situ measurements allowed to infer that methanol was selectively oxidized to formaldehyde in the dark, and formic acid and CO2 under light. When coating Ni-PHI with a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) there was an intensification of the photocurrent by mechanical stabilization and subsequent re-oxidation of photogenerated H2 in the system. The behavior of Co-PHI, Co-Ni-PHI, and K-PHI was also evaluated, and it was possible to observe that the samples containing transition metals had the potential to be applied both in reduction and oxidation reactions, due to the ease of nox change of the cations used, but the highest photocurrent was obtained by K-PHI, the most conductive and organized sample. In the screening of different percentages of K-PHI to TiO2, it was found that high percentages (above 5%) created charge recombination sites, reducing the performance of the photoanode. The 5% TiO2-K-PHI film had promising results in the oxidation of paraoxon (POX) and its derivative p-nitrophenol (p-NP), where the removal rates of these pollutants increased significantly with the addition of H2O2, and consequently ROS generation, which preferentially favors indirect degradation processes, reaching removal rates of more than 80%. All these results indicate that the photoanodes obtained prove to be interesting alternatives for use in energy generation devices, as well as for chemical detoxification.
Plasticidade fenotípica de quatro espécies arbóreas na alocação de biomassa e de características funcionais foliares em resposta a diferentes condições ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Vicente, Caroline Pardi; Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809527018189848
Forest degradation is characterized by the loss of biomass production, resilience, and resistance of the ecosystem. The level of degradation of these ecosystems varies greatly between degraded areas, generating a great variability in environmental conditions, which compromises the predictability regarding the survival and growth speed of plants reintroduced in forest restoration projects. Several plant species have a wide geographic distribution and can occur in places with different environmental conditions above and below the ground. The morphological and physiological characteristics of plants, which are related to resource use and conservation, may vary with different abiotic conditions and resource availability. This study experimentally evaluated the effect of soil fertility and light availability under nursery and field conditions on the allocation of biomass between aerial parts (leaves and branches), root parts (thick and thin roots) and six functional characteristics of plants: leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf thickness, root mass fraction and relative growth rate, after the first four months of planting. We selected four tree species commonly used in forest restoration, namely Colubrina glandulosa Perkins (Rhamnaceae), Hymenaea courbaril L. (Fabaceae), Myroxylon peruiferum L. f. e Pterogyne nitens Tul. (as três, Fabaceae). In the nursery, we evaluated the effect of fertilization at three levels: the addition of low or high amounts of mineral nutrients (NPK), composed of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), and the addition of organic matter to the soil. All fertilization treatments were carried out in full sun and in 75% shading conditions to evaluate the effect of light in conjunction with the effect of fertilization. We also evaluated the response of these plants when introduced in the field, in a deforested area adjacent to a fragment of remaining riparian forest, but with high fertility. The addition of NPK mineral fertilizer in the soil of the bags resulted in higher values of P and K, but not of N, the addition of organic matter resulted in higher values of cation exchange capacity, saturation of pH and N bases in the soil. In all species, plants reached higher biomass in the nursery under high light intensity (full sun) and lower biomass in the field. In general, plants tended to allocate more biomass to leaves and less to fine roots when grown in full sun. The functional characteristics of the plants of the four species responded similarly to different conditions of light, nutrient availability and the field. Light availability strongly influenced the functional attributes of all species, with plants grown in shade showing higher values of specific leaf area and lower values of leaf dry matter content and leaf thickness, thus producing softer and thinner leaves. In the field, plants tended to produce smaller leaves, which may have been a response to water stress. Our results showed that within the same species, plants are able to adjust to low light conditions, forming leaves that are more efficient in light interception, characteristics associated 9 with a more acquisitive strategy, within the foliar economy spectrum model, and when grown in full sun, the plants tended to produce harder and thicker leaves, and therefore longer lasting, which is characteristic of more conservative strategies. The type of fertilization had a little or neglectable effect on the biomass production and the functional attributes of the plants. Plants in the field tended developing leaves with a smaller area, probably as a strategy to reduce the effects of water stress due to the long drought that occurred throughout the time of the experiment. This study demonstrated that all species are quite plastic and that they responded similarly to the availability of light and water, but that the variation in functional attributes in response to environmental conditions was not enough to compensate for the extremes of water and light deficit. Therefore, the functional attributes may reflect the different conditions of resource availability above and below the ground in degraded areas, and the study of the phenotypic plasticity of plants may help to understand the trajectories of plant communities, through greater predictability of biomass production and management strategies in forest restoration projects.
Coerção, manipulação e tecnologia: estratégias de monetização em jogos free-to-play
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Oliveira, Jônatas Kerr de; Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5453784250803736
Starting from the discomfort of many involved in the videogame market with the new monetization practices present in the emergence of the free-to-play model, I investigate this business model and propose an approach to identify coercive or manipulative potential in digital games directly from the game as a technological artifact. This is a different perspective from previous approaches (mainly game design dark patterns), which speculated about the original intention of the designer, in some cases leading to wrong conclusions, and which erroneously pointed to some game patterns intrinsic to the free-to-play model as naturally coercive. An approach based on the analysis of the artifact and not on speculation about the developer's intention is especially relevant, because in the context of imitation, a common market practice, a design with manipulative or coercive potential can be implemented without proper awareness of its operation, leading to a dissonance between original and derived intentionality. Applying the proposed approach in case studies, and focusing on F2P games for mobile devices, it was possible to identify several design elements with manipulative or coercive potential at all stages of the “Acquisition – Retention – Conversion” process. However, this does not necessarily mean that all free-to-play games use coercive or manipulative strategies, since two games can implement the same design pattern, where one of them has coercive or manipulative potential and the other does not, showing in practice that the coercive potential is in the contextualization layer, through design cues, not in design patterns, as much of the bibliography suggests. With the proposed approach, designers can investigate their own designs in search of elements with coercive or manipulative potential, breaking the cycle of imitation and allowing a reflection on game making and its implications for the society
Comunicação de notícias difíceis: percepções dos estudantes do curso de terapia ocupacional de uma universidade federal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07) Camargo, Ana Flávia de Ávila; Bombarda, Tatiana Barbieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8070700589653226; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9260083315299102
In the context of healthcare, communication skills are considered a fundamental aspect to ensure quality in care procedures and services. Although there are studies proposing strategies and protocols aimed at qualifying the process of communicating difficult news, evidence seen in literature indicates that there are inadequacies in the formation of this skill set in healthcare courses. This study aims to understand the process of communicating difficult news from the perspective of final year undergraduate Occupational Therapy students. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, in which the participants were UFSCar’s Occupational Therapy students enrolled in the last year of the undergraduate course. Data collection was conducted by interviewing 10 undergraduates and reviewed through the use of thematic analysis. The interviewed students stated that the lack of focus on the subject of communicating difficult news left them unprepared at the time of graduation, a matter associated with the non-recognition of this content in subjects that make up the curriculum, or that the subject is offered in too punctual situations during the course. Participants indicated feeling uncomfortable and unprepared for potentially dealing with the need of communicating bad news in the future, as professionals. Although they claim lack of knowledge about any protocols for communicating bad/difficult news, they claim that as a very important strategy in such dialogues, are some aspects which are in line with the recommendations that support good communication practices. In conclusion, faults were identified in the formative process/curriculum of the healthcare industry professionals with regards to communicating difficult news, requiring greater investment in the development of such skills, as this directly relates to the quality of healthcare and assistance.
Alfabetização científica e tecnológica por meio de uma sequência didática interdisciplinar sobre o Ribeirão Santa Rita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Silva, Priscila Machado da; Milaré, Tathiane; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8228509234989162
One of the natural goods that is born and cuts through the city of Fernandópolis/SP is the Ribeirão Santa Rita, which, despite starting in this municipality, only ends when it flows to the waters of Rio Grande that divides the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Thus, based on science and technology that is present in the daily of the whole society, this present work aims to investigate how a regional theme (Ribeirão Santa Rita) can contribute to promote the Scientific and Technological Literacy of high school students, through a didactic sequence. Thus, through dissemination on social networks, students went invited to participate in the "Workshop on Science and citizenship: Ribeirão Santa Rita", that happened remotely. This workshop was structured using an interdisciplinary didactic sequence based on the three pedagogical moments. It was evaluated about the Scientific and Technological Literacy of the students, using the Discursive Textual Analysis, so that the corpus selected for the analysis was categorized according to historical context of the city, relationship with everyday life, health and environment, business interests and theoretical concepts. Subsequently, it was evaluated each of these categories according to the criteria of ACT proposed for Bocheco (2011). In this way, it was possible to verify that the workshop contributed to the Pratical, Civic and Professional or Economical Scientific Literacy of the students. The category where Bocheco's (2011) indicator were less evident was: "historical context of the city", while in the "health and environment" category, the Civic Scientific Literacy indicator showed great evidence.
Repercussões do Programa de Avaliação da Alfabetização (PROALFA) na ação docente: a perspectiva de professores de uma escola estadual em Viçosa-MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Vieira, Raquel Arrieiro; Anunciato, Rosa Maria Moraes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3565440900315850
This work analyzed the perceptions about the external evaluation of the Literacy Assessment Program (Proalfa) of teachers who teach for the 3rd year of elementary school at a state school in the city of Viçosa/MG. We tried to understand the following aspects of this policy in the context of practice: its legal contributions, the Simave evaluation instruments, and its consolidation in the state of Minas Gerais; how do teachers have access and how test data are communicated/processed at school; the way in which teachers use the results of external assessments; whether Proalfa results are used in school planning; the meanings attributed to Proalfa, given the demands established by the State Department of Education (SRE). To fulfill the objectives of this qualitative work, instruments such as semi-structured interviews and a conversation wheel were used. The articulation between the theoretical and bibliographic reference and the reports shared by the teachers led to the creation of four axes of analysis: perceptions attributed by the teachers to Proalfa; Proalfa results: uses and forms of appropriation at school; teaching improvement instruments: the case of the PIP and Systemic Assessments of Learning, and collaborative work within the scope of Proalfa. The research results indicate that Proalfa, as an educational public policy created in the neoliberal logic, affects different aspects of the school context: in the reconfiguration of school practices, with the training of students for external assessments, aiming at good numerical results; in the curricular narrowing, caused by the misunderstanding between the reference matrix and the curricular matrix; in continuing education, realizing that the discussions about the difficulties in the use and critical appropriation of the evaluation results are shallow and not very reflective; in the teaching improvement instruments, whose focus is to meet the policy needs and not the students' learning difficulties; in the increase of teaching work, causing an overload in their attributions to meet the demands of the SRE.
Twisted Borel K-theory and isomorphisms between differential models of K-theory
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-04) Posada, Alffer Gustavo Hernandez; López, José María Cantarero; Ruffino, Fabio Ferrari; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2512107188781159; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6127877138413112
In this thesis we discuss some topics about twisted K-theory calculations and equivalences between a couple of differential extension models. We start with a mathematical review of models for twisted K-theory, differential extensions for the untwisted case, and Serre spectral sequences, in order to provide an explicit link between the differential extension of the untwisted and twisted cases, in addition to giving tools for the subsequent exploration of the twists that will be used. In the first part of this thesis we determine a formula up to group extensions for the twisted K-theory for a fiber bundle over the circle S^1 with fiber a compact manifold with respect to certain twists constructed from elements of the second cohomology group of the fiber. Later this case is generalized by allowing the base to be the classifying space of a finitely generated free group and the twisting will be given by a derivation of line bundles associated to the group and the fiber. This is accompanied by examples and we finally develop a spectral sequence where the previous formulas are framed. In the second part of the thesis, a topological equivalence is developed for the Freed-Lott and Carey-Mickelsson-Wang differential extension models. Additionally, we indicate a way to achieve the differential equivalence.
Escola indígena no estado de São Paulo: uma visão político-legislativa da educação escolar nas aldeias paulistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-05) Spinardi Junior, Celso; Marques, Sílvio César Moral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6047434055828372; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6229648923105416
The right to access education is of undeniable importance, but there is a significant gap between the guaranteed right and its effective access. Society has historically been mobilized through the formulation and implementation of educational policies, in order to reduce the effects of inequalities, respecting differences. The proposed research intended to carry out an ethnography in an Indigenous State School in São Paulo, with marked differences and inequalities, scarce educational resources and visible difficulties. Because it is not only an indigenous community, but also a needy community, located on the outskirts of the city, as urbanization approaches more and more, causing the inhabitants to experience a high and forced degree of urban interaction. However, with the advent of the pandemic, the work proposal changed, acquiring a strictly documentary character, focused on data collection and the elaboration of a bibliographic work methodology, involving critical interlocutors, seeking a dense description of the environment and its interactions, showing the peculiarities of the relationships between those involved, the guaranteed rights, the resources effectively made available and their curricular practices, since the documentary research carried out pointed out the ways and identified at least one possible divergence between the consulted norms, comparing the constitutional right to the proper processes of learning and use of the indigenous mother tongue with the curricula established by the state government.
Investigação de moléculas híbridas para o tratamento anticâncer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-06) Costa, Felipe Ribaldo Ferreira da; Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977; Andricopulo, Adriano Defini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5598322661148873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1664901084586413
Cancer is the attribution given to the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells capable of invading and destroying the adjacent tissue. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global growth in cancer cases will reach the 60% mark by 2040, totaling around 37 million cases. In Brazil, estimates released by the National Cancer Institute (INCA) project that approximately 66 thousand new individuals will be affected by prostate cancer (PC) in 2022. In the case of the metastatic and hormone-refractory type (mHRPC), the cells are not responsive to conventional treatment. In order to circumvent this situation, the use of cytotoxic therapies targeting microtubules (MTs) is a well-established option in clinical practice. MTs are structural elements constituted by the dimeric protein tubulin, which performs cellular functions through its intrinsic capacity for dynamic instability: polymerization and depolymerization. Changes in this dynamic lead to blockage of mitosis and cell migration, directing the cell to apoptosis. This behavior can be induced by the use of modulating agents in known sites of tubulin, configuring a promising conduct when it comes to the development of antitumor drugs. In this context, the union of pharmacophoric groups to generate hybrid molecules emerges as an innovative alternative. Thus, the present work brings results regarding the in vitro screening of bioactive ligands for the treatment of mHRPC. A cell line of PC (DU-145) and three non-tumor ones [human (HFF-1) and murine (FC3H) fibroblasts, and human prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1)] were submitted to cell viability assays to evaluate the potency of 10 quinazoline-chalcone hybrids (AQCs) from their IC50 and CC50 values. For the selected samples, these values were used to determine the selectivity index (SI). Three hybrids (AQC-02, AQC-04 and AQC-08) were active in the PC cell line (IC50 ≤ 20 µM) and selective against non-tumor ones (SI ≥ 5), and therefore referred to cellular assays involving analysis of characteristics observed in the metastatic cascade. The 3 hybrids inhibited migration in qualitative wound healing assays at single concentration (≥ 50%) and concentration x effect. Furthermore, through a transwell study based on Boyden's chamber, it was possible to quantify and confirm the inhibitory effect of hybrids on tumor cell migration and invasion (both with IC50 ≤ 10 µM). Kinetic assays directed to the molecular target corroborated the classification of the hybrids as tubulin polymerization inhibitors, as well as made it possible to determine their IC50 values (5.71 ± 0.09; 9.04 ± 0.40 and 8.40 ± 0.31 µM, respectively). Competition assays suggested that the hybrids possibly interact with tubulin near or at the colchicine site itself. Additionally, fluorescence assays reinforced the action of the compounds in destabilizing cell division and promoting the nuclear fragmentation of DU-145. This work, therefore, shows promising results that, in consonance, support the identification of lead compounds eligible for in vitro and in vivo ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion) assays, aiming at the selection of candidates for new drugs for the mHRPC chemotherapy.
Influência da geometria do inserto de fresamento sobre a integridade superficial de uma liga de titânio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-06) Rosa, Edson Bruno Lara; Ventura, Carlos Eiji Hirata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1689198421096127; Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2749981510366434
Titanium alloys have got features that classify them as excellent candidates for medical applications. However, they have porr machinability mainly due to their low thermal conductivity, high chemical affinity to almost every tool material and their small modulus of elasticity. Regarding commercial milling tools, inserts usually differ one to another in terms of grade (such as substrate and coating composition and microstructure) and geometric characteristics (nose radius, rake angle and chipbreaker shape), so that it is difficult to find two products differentiated by one single variable. Due to these factors, the general goal of this research is to investigate the correlation between tool nose radius and the roughness after milling of Ti-6Al-4V ELI titanium alloy. For that, it was necessary to grind carbide inserts to prepare the three different nose radii (re = 0.8 mm; 1.2 mm or 1.6 mm) as well as their characterization, besides designing, manufacturing and evaluating a customized tool holder with a single insert seat. Tools once prepared were tested through face milling experiments, keeping fixed cutting speed (vc) at 60 m/min, axial depth of cut (ap) at 1 mm, in addition to radial depth of cut (ae) at 16.8 mm and flood coolant. Five diferente levels were used for feed per tooth ( fz): 0.10 mm; 0.15 mm; 0.20 mm; 0.25 mm or 0.30 mm. After the experiments, the specimens were evaluated in terms of different roughness parameters, and all data were statistically analyzed by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA). Regarding the characterization of the ground inserts, there was no significant variation in the irregularity of the edges as a function of the different nose radii. The design of the tool holder proved out to be adequate to the operation, providing a high design safety factor. Regarding the surface integrity of the machined surfaces, results show that, in exception of one tested condition, all other values of Ra satisfy N6 roughness grade. The pass associated to re = 0.8 mm and fz = 0.15 mm probably provided higher vibrations. ANOVA indicates that, in statistical terms, only feed ( f ) and the interaction between feed and nose radius ( f x re) affect the roughness parameters Ra, Rq, Rt, Rz, and Rmax, although these effects are not obvious. There was no statistically significant difference for skewness (Rsk), which tends to zero and, therefore, expresses an approximately symmetrical surface in terms of peaks and valleys. The same for kurtosis (Rku), which remained close to three, which means a distribution close to normal.
Estudo da reação de hidrogenação de CO2 em materiais à base de Cu via catálise heterogênea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-07) Caldeira, Ana Clara Rocha; Gomes, Janaina Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6718634914051168; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5038796320700062
CO2 is a greenhouse gas whose production has intensified in recent decades, generating its accumulation in the Earth’s atmosphere. Thereby, numerous negative environmental changes, such as the aggravation of the greenhouse effect, have occurred all over the planet. Mitigating approaches have been adopted in several countries around the world, such as the capture and storage of CO2 and the use of renewable energy sources instead of fossil sources. Furthermore, the use of this gas as a carbonaceous input for the production of chemical compounds with high added value is a promising alternative. In this regard, the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 is a carbon recycling technology that has been explored in recent years. This reaction can occur via electro-catalysis and heterogeneous catalysis at gas-phase. In the present work only the catalytic process at gas-phase will be focused. In this process H2 is used as a hydrogen source and the application of Cu-based catalysts promotes mainly the formation of C1 compounds, such as CO and methanol. These reactions typically occur at temperatures of 200 – 300 °C and under pressures of 2 – 7 MPa. Thus, the investigation of more favorable conditions for the hydrogenation of CO2 at gas-phase on non-noble metals-based materials, such as copper, for the efficient and selective production of high energy density compounds, such as ethanol, ethylene, propane and butanol, is necessary. Recently, in our research group, catalytic studies of CO2 hydrogenation on copper, conducted at gas-phase in the presence of water steam under atmospheric pressure, led to the formation of ethanol. There are evidences that water acts in the stabilization of adsorbed intermediates of the reaction, such as CO, favoring the formation of ethanol. However, the impact of the catalyst properties in this reaction has been poorly explored. In this context, the objective of this work is to study the influence of the copper oxidation state on the CO2 hydrogenation reaction at gas phase in the presence and absence of water steam on Cu materials, aiming at the production of alcohols with two or more carbon atoms (C2+OH). Results of this work showed that ethanol production is more pronounced when we used water steam as a hydrogen source and catalysts with a mixture of oxidized and metallic copper species. Furthermore, it was observed that the presence of oxidized copper species together with metallic copper species was important to improve the productivity of methanol, in addition to ethanol, when H2 was applied as a hydrogen source, indicating the importance of having different copper species to intensify the production of alcohols.
Trajetórias escolares descontínuas na visão de professores da EJA do interior de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-07) Silva, Vitor Rodrigues Muzel da; Carnio, Michel Pisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0198207700485715; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7680972038900128
The present monograph research, of qualitative nature, had as general objective investigate the main phenomena, events or situations that originated discontinuous school trajectories from the conceptions of experienced teachers working in EJA. The data collection carried out in September 2021, coincided with the period that public schools in Brazil were in blended classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To obtain data, we used focus group interviews and questionnaires, both face-to-face, with 8 EJA teachers from two public schools located in two cities in the interior of the state of São Paulo. These data were worked and analyzed from the discursive textual analysis of Moraes (2003), providing the opportunity to build four categories of analysis: i) a first general approximation of the reports; ii) EJA as a reflection of the regular education system; iii) the intersections between school, family and work; iv) EJA in the COVID-19 pandemic. In the results, there are multiple correlated factors in the subjects' lives that are decisive in the course of their school trajectories: work, family, public policies, school, poverty, social inequality, among others. During the pandemic, a series of challenges were observed, so that the struggle for fundamental rights, including education, became even more necessary. Nevertheless, situations that generate discontinuous trajectories increased even more during the pandemic. However, situations that generate discontinuous trajectories increased even more during the pandemic. During this period of emergency remote teaching, the indispensability of reflecting on digital information and communication technologies (TDICs), rethinking curricular practices that make sense in the lives of EJA subjects and thinking about the continuing education of teachers was further reinforced.
Pessoas com Deficiência Intelectual em processo de envelhecimento: entendimentos de profissionais especializados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-07) Boniholi, Gabriela Ishikawa; Denari, Fátima Elisabeth; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-6359; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6772247377063319; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2978-9175
This research aimed to analyze the perspectives of professionals involved in the care of individuals with intellectual disabilities who are aging, focusing on their understanding of this life stage and established conceptions regarding disability, aging, and their own role in activities of daily living. The main objective was to investigate the understanding of professionals working with individuals with intellectual disabilities aged forty (40) and above, regarding functionality in this stage of life, as well as their perceptions of aging and disability. Specific objectives included: (a) analyzing the functioning of institutions catering to individuals with disabilities in this life stage; (b) exploring how independence in daily life tasks is perceived by these professionals; and (c) examining the role of these professionals in the care of this population. Nine professionals working in special education institutions - referred to as Institution A and B - where adults with intellectual disabilities aged forty (40) and above are located, participated in this research. The professionals included caregivers and healthcare professionals such as physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and gerontologists. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, and the results were analyzed and categorized into four main themes: (a) Concept of Disability; (b) Aging and Disability; (c) Disability, Aging, and Independent Living; and (d) Professional Roles. These findings were then discussed in line with existing literature in the field. The data gathered indicated that professionals observed signs of premature aging among individuals with intellectual disabilities in both institutions. There were still stigmas regarding the understanding of the concept of "disability" among some interviewed professionals, which could hinder the development of activities aimed at promoting independence due to a perception of dependence. Additionally, the lack of specific training in working with individuals with intellectual disabilities among these professionals was evident, highlighting another factor contributing to the absence of quality care.
"My wild hair": a construção da identidade racial dentro (e através) do ensino de língua inglesa para crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-07) Santos, Caroline Viviane Silva Simões dos; Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293
The purpose of the present study is to promote English teaching as a second language for children from an anti-racist perspective. For that, we share a unit of the courseware "My Wild Hair", supported by a bibliographic-propositional research, of a qualitative nature, having as target audience students in the early years of Elementary School. With and through the proposal, it is intended to build together with the students a valued self-image, providing opportunities for them to recognize themselves as part of their ethnic-racial groups as well as to become aware of the institutional racism and how it dictates and organizes Brazilian society. The teaching strategies of the courseware cover the increment of games in the classroom, exploring the potential of different digital platforms and taking advantage of the motivational content they afford. Here, students are invited to explore the fictional world of Sangoma, from the game “My Wild Hair”, overcoming each linguistic obstacle and developing criticality as well as self-esteem regarding the raised themes. The material is, above all, a reminder about how beauty lies in diversity.
A luta camponesa contada através da memória dos assentados do Lote Mãe Terra - Assentamento Horto Bela Vista em Iperó/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-08) Souza, Leticia Lauane de; Mariano, Neusa de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8472989391950981; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5003743301847104
La lucha por la tierra es inherente la formación del territorio brasileño y el campesinado siendo uno de los representantes de esta lucha todos los días no podia dejar de se acerco. La clase campesina que tiene una moral para el trato con la tierra y que cree en el respeto a la naturaleza para construir sus relaciones, tiene memorias muy ricas que expresan resistencias en la construcción de sus territorios y territorialidades. De esta forma, pensar las memorias como factor de resistencia en la lucha campesina por el acceso a la tierra es dar voz a los grupos silenciados, valorando sus trayectorias en la construcción de sus territorios y territorialidad. Intentamos mostrar que las memorias pueden ser utilizadas en discusiones de Geografía y que la cuestión agraria en Brasil tiene mucho para ser discutido en diferentes perspectivas.
Valorização da lignina - um panorama geral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-08) Bonatti, Érika; Sitta, Elton; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326476348284298; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4977333455603955
The urge to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, combined with the severe damage to the environment, such as the increase in the average world’s temperature, lead to incentives for research aimed at sustainable development. Consequently, the discussion about the transition from fossil resources to renewable raw materials and energy has become increasingly popular. Among the possible renewable sources, biomass has been gaining more and more prominence in recent years, due to its abundance and energy potential to replace petroleum derivatives. In particular, lignocellulosic biomass has advantages associated with the non-competition with the food sector, as well as opportunities for economic development and minimization of waste in agricultural areas. For this reason, lignocellulosic biomass has become the target for further studies and research. In this sense, although many advances have been made in terms of the valorization of cellulose and hemicellulose, the valorization of lignin is still a great challenge for researchers, due to its structural complexity and variable composition. The present work aims to highlight the state of the art in terms of fractionation, depolymerization and lignin valorization processes and the main renewable products that can be obtained through the improvement of the current conversion technologies.
Rotas digitalizadas: autonomia e controle no trabalho de entregadores por aplicativos em Araraquara - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-08) Jacobsem, Bruno Portari; Lima, Jacob Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9818262611142270
The insertion of digital technologies in business models in the last decades allowed the advance of the platformization process of several activities, granting new arrangements to the ambiguous relations between autonomy and control of work. Such is the case of delivery app workers – occupation that has been growing in Brazil since 2015 alongside the spread of "technology companies" mediating delivery services. Whereas control – now executed by diffuse and unknowable algorithms – appears to subsume to the possibilities of agency propounded by companies, autonomy is attached to the generalization of the entrepreneurial discourse and – formally magnified – it masks relations of subordination which may become evident throughout daily experiences of these workers distanced from a regulatory perspective of work. The objective of this dissertation was to characterize the relationship between both dimensions – autonomy and control – amidst working conditions of delivery app workers. The research was conducted with workers of this segment on four different platforms operating in the city of Araraquara (SP), whose reports allowed us to situate the reality of an autonomous "riding" life into the current context of exploitation and subordination of labor to capital.
Casa de tèranga: nomeações e materialidades da migração transnacional entre Senegal e Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-11) Santos, Frederico Santos dos; Dulley, Iracema Hilário; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3004789177515766; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6481258231132929
The Senegalese present on the streets of the city of Passo Fundo (RS/Brazil) have called my attention since 2010, when I joined the University of Passo Fundo as a professor. By attending Sunday muslim meetings, I realized the challenges of these displacements in living long years away from my family. The argument that I develop in this thesis is that the Senegalese family is constituted in the displacements of the subjects, from the materialities of the relationships and naming processes, in the tangle of places inhabited in their settlements, in which the tèranga (which can be translated as hospitality and honor) is a fundamental element, more than the house as a physical space. The field research was developed as a multi-sited ethnography, having two territories as a starting point, Passo Fundo (RS/Brazil) and Dakar (Senegal), but it was not restricted to them. In Brazil, it was carried out from Passo Fundo, accompanying the Senegalese in Porto Alegre and São Paulo (from January to August 2019), and in Senegal (from September 2019 to March 2020), departing from Dakar, traveling across 9 cities. Ethnography continued as a mesh, from the notion revisited by Ingold in the reticular trails left by the Senegalese as they follow their life in the keur (house), in their places of settlement, with multiple entanglements, with apparent permanence and solidity, in an ecceity experienced in the panoramas and transitions taken by the inhabitants.
Aplicação do combustível derivado de resíduos (CDR) para otimizar o uso da palha de cana e casca de eucalipto como fonte de energia térmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-11) Gundim, Robmilson Simões; Nakashima, Gabriela Tami; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6568518277464223; Yamaji, Fábio Minoru; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4924132426683310
Refuse derived fuel (RDF), characterized as part of municipal solid waste (MSW), is the leftover from the recycling process of waste not yet disposed of in landfills. The cement industry already uses RDF in natura as part of an alternative source of fuel to reduce CO2 emissions. The objective was to investigate the production of mixtures, through agglutination and/or extrusion of RDF with sugarcane straw and RDF with eucalyptus bark to optimize their energy use. Seven flakes-type treatments were produced through the extrusion process (granules of mixtures of RDF with undefined biomasses and formats): T1 (100% RDF), T2 (90% RDF and 10% bark), T3 (75% RDF and 25% bark), T4 (50% RDF and 50% bark), T5 (90% RDF and 10% straw), T6 (75% RDF and 25% straw) and T7 (50% RDF and 50% straw) and six pieces-like treatments (compacted material from mixtures of RDF with undefined biomass and formats), following the same proportions (from T2 to T7). The results showed that the density of the treatment produced in flakes format (RDF with straw) was approximately 10 times greater than RDF (in natura). The moisture of the flakes treatment (RDF with bark), compared to the bark, achieved a reduction of 83%. The higher heating value (HHV) of the treatment (RDF with bark) was 30% higher than the bark. The results indicated the real possibility of producing mixtures between RDF and biomass, by extrusion process. The result is a better quality solid fuel: more homogeneous, lower humidity, higher HHV and easier storage and handling.
Avaliação de um programa de ensino de habilidades de brincar para crianças com TEA aplicados por mães durante o período de isolamento social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-12) Biazim, Miriana de Araujo; Domeniconi, Camila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0486-3543; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1220697919630931; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6835-5575
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted interests. Parental training is being a possibility to teach parents about the concepts in Applied Behavior Analysis, expanding the learning opportunities of new behaviors of children. This study aimed to verify whether a procedure for teaching behavioral skills with three mothers would be enough to increase the number of opportunities to play with their daughters with autism and, therefore, increase the number of children's independent responses in games and games. The mothers were taught using three different Teaching Procedures: Video Modeling, Family Guidance and Immediate Feedback. Three dyads were selected, which were included in a Telehealth Program in ABA. The dependent variable measured was the mothers' behavior when playing with their daughters. Playing behavior was operationalized in: selecting the appropriate objects for playing, ensuring the conditions of a favorable environment with a minimum of distractors during the teaching phase, guaranteeing instructional control, that is, the direction and control of mothers through instructions, increase eye contact as a way to increase social engagement and increase shift changes during play proposals. Social engagement in this research was defined as the modification of the mother's facial expression due to the game and the choice of reinforcers. The independent variable was the teaching implemented to teach mothers new behaviors aimed at expanding the repertoire of playing with their daughters. The results achieved their initial objectives and it is possible to observe the expansion of play arrangements between mothers and their daughters through the learning of new behaviors.